† toomn.¹

Forms: Middle English–1500s tome, Middle English tom, ( toume, towme, toym), Middle English toom, 1500s tume.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse tóm.

Etymology: < Old Norse tóm (noun neuter) emptiness, vacuity, leisure, Old Swedish tōm leisure, occasion, Old Danish tōm time, occasion; < tómr (adjective) empty: see toom adj.

Obsolete (in later use only Scottish)

a. Vacant or unoccupied time; time free or sufficient for doing something, leisure; a space or interval of time, a while.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > [noun] > for doing something

toom1297

leisurec1400

respite1443

vacationc1450

vacuity1607

room1769

time off1881

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 11656 In hor bed hii founde hom in toune þo hii come..Vor to wel cloþi hom hii ne ȝeue hom no tome.

c1315 Shoreham i. 2119 Þaȝ he by hyre ne ligge nouȝt, Oþer halt hys ine hys house, In tome.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 14595 Haf i na tome at ga þar-to.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 134 More..Þen I cowþe telle þaȝ I tom hade.

c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 3126 Of Generides dome To speke had thei nomore tome.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 642 Or þe toþir had toym to tak His suerde, þe king sic strak him gaiff.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 18 Ȝit will I tell, for I haif space & tume, How efterwart he set ane seig to Rome.

b. Time convenient or proper for doing something; opportunity, occasion.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > an opportunity > [noun] > opportunity

roomeOE

ease?c1225

leisure1303

toom1390

respite1443

openc1485

commodity1525

occasion1526

ope1611

conveniency1645

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 249 His Bacheler, which hadde tome, Whan that his lord be nihte slepte, This Ring,..Out of his Pours awey he dede.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1153 Ȝif ȝe wolde tith [MS. tyȝt] me a tom telle hit I wolde.

c1440 York Myst. xl. 18 Atte townes for to tarie take we no tent, But take vs tome at þis tyme to talke of sume tales.

a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 10 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 299 Ther-to the nedys to take the tome.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

toomn.²

Etymology: < toom v.

Scottish.

A place where rubbish is or may be emptied out; a ‘coup’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > place for disposing of refuse

Tophet1382

shooting-ground1835

shoot1851

dumping-ground1857

dump1872

toom1882

dust-shoot1883

coup1886

nuisance ground1889

tip1890

1882 Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) Toom, a place into which rubbish is emptied.

1884 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 817/1 The piled-up rubbish of millions of years which has been cast out here as into one vast ‘toom’.

1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders 226 Great tails [of stones] that spread down the mountain steep, like rubble from a quarry toom.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

toomadj.

Brit.

/tuːm/, U.S.

/tum/, Scottish English

/tum/

Forms: α. Old English tóm, Middle English–1500s tōme, (Middle English tombe, toyme, 1500s towme), Middle English–1600s toome, Middle English– toom. β. Middle English tum, Middle English–1600s tume, 1500s twme, (?) twyme, 1800s Scottish tume, tuim. γ. 1700s–1800s teem, 1800s dialect teeam.

Etymology: Old English tóm = Old Norse tómr (Norwegian, Danish, Swedish tom ); also Old Saxon tômi , tômig , Old High German zuomîg < Old Germanic *tôm-o^z or *tôm-u^z (Old Saxon tômia- ); ulterior origin unknown. Hence teem v.²

Now only Scottish and northern dialect.

1. Empty, vacant, containing nothing, void of contents; destitute (of something).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > non-possession > [adjective] > devoid of something

nakedeOE

toomOE

windia1225

skerec1250

freea1325

expertc1374

unbeseen1390

vacanta1400

devoidc1400

indigent1490

waste1513

clear1569

divesta1679

viduate1692

innocent1706

divested1742

sincerea1754

virgin1889

the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > [adjective] > empty

idlec825

toomOE

lankc1000

emptyOE

leera1250

i-lerc1275

vain1382

void1390

bare1399

vacanta1400

i-voidec1415

hollow1600

vake1600

clear1607

inane1662

blank1748

viduous1855

unchargeda1861

OE Crist III 1211 Se sylfa cyning mid sine lichoman lysde of firenum þurh milde mod, þæt hy mostun man-weorca tome lifgan.

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter cxliii. 16 Ful of riches and tome of goednes.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17815 Þai sagh þaa tumbs, tum war þai.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17798 And yee sal find þair tumbs tome [Gött. tume].

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxxiii. 149 When þai see þe toome vessellez, þai ga and fillez þam with gold.

R. Misyn tr. R. Rolle Fire of Love 76 Certan of godis lufe þat ar toyme.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 496/2 Toom, or voyde, vacuus.

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Cock & Jasp l. 91 in Poems (1981) 6 As draf or corne to fill my tume intraill.

1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 212 Thou has a tome purs.

1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 1 Of all vertew that Cietie was maid tome.

1727 P. Walker Some Remarkable Passages Semple, Welwood & Cameron 92 There were many toom Pulpits in Scotland.

1786 R. Burns Poems 31 Her mutchkin stowp as toom's a whissle.

1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus iii. vi. 86/2 The man John Balliol being quite gone, and only the ‘Toom Tabard’ (Empty Gown) remaining?

1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 180 As toom as an egg-shell.

γ. 1773 R. Fergusson Poems 118 Here tak a rug, and shaw's your pose: Forseeth, my ain's but teem An' light this day.1861 E. Waugh Rambles Lake Country 180 He was as helpless as a teeam seck.

a. figurative. Empty, insubstantial, vain, void, futile.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > absence of meaning > nonsense, rubbish > [adjective]

tooma1250

beggarly1526

trumpery1576

balductum1577

skimble-skamble1598

nonsense1621

warbling1621

flim-flam1631

nonsensical1645

unsensical1692

fiddlecome1697

waffling1698

mataeological1716

flummery1749

water-gruelish1788

slip-sloppish1797

twaddling1804

twaddle1830

twaddly1841

fee-faw-fumish1846

poppycock1852

boshy1860

twaddlesome1865

moonshiny1880

cockalorum1881

tommyrotic1894

crappy1928

ballsy1942

farkakte1960

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > [adjective]

idlec825

unnuteOE

bricklec1225

tooma1250

unnaita1250

vaina1300

waste1303

overvoida1382

voida1382

superfluec1384

daylessa1387

unbehovely1390

unprofitablea1398

unbehoveful1429

wastefulc1450

idleful1483

fruster1488

vainful1509

frustrate?a1513

superfluousa1533

addle1534

lost1535

fittle1552

futilea1575

nugatory1605

futilous1607

shiftless1613

tympanous1625

emptya1628

frustraneousa1643

pointless1673

futilitous1765

otiose1795

stultificatory1931

a1250 Owl & Nightingale 1672 Me þuncþ þu ledest ferde tome.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. iv. 120 The tume schaddowis smytyn to haue slane.

1568 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlvi. 27 Till deif ȝow w^t tome clatter.

1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 46 O'er lang, with empty brag, we have been vain Of toom dominion on the plenteous main.

1786 G. Frazer Fall of Man 157 Blown up with the toom wind of a flattering empty sound.

†b. Idle, unoccupied. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > idleness, lack of occupation or activity > [adjective]

idlec950

tooma1340

unoccupiedc1405

void1530

restyc1540

unbusied1570

idlefula1652

haking1703

unbusy1731

otiose1850

non-employed1853

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xlix. 21 Sitand tome [MS.S. ydel], for it likes þe to speke ill.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxx. 406 To stand thus tome Thou gars me grete.

Compounds

toom-handed, toom-headed, toom-skinned adjs.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > [adjective] > not bearing gift(s)

giftless1390

toom-handedc1400

emptyc1405

empty-handed1549

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective]

sloweOE

stuntc960

dullOE

hardOE

stuntlyc1000

sotc1050

dillc1175

dulta1225

simplea1325

heavy1340

astonedc1374

sheepishc1380

dull-witteda1387

lourd1390

steerishc1411

ass-likea1425

brainless?a1439

deafc1440

sluggishc1450

short-witted1477

obtuse1509

peakish1519

wearish1519

deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520

doileda1522

gross1526

headlessa1530

stulty1532

ass-headed1533

pot-headed1533

stupid?1541

sheep's head1542

doltish1543

dumpish1545

assish1548

blockish1548

slow-witted1548

blockheaded1549

surd1551

dull-headed1552

hammer-headed1552

skit-brained?1553

buzzardly1561

witless1562

log-headeda1566

assy1566

sottish1566

dastardly1567

stupidious1567

beetle-headed1570

calvish1570

bluntish1578

cod's-headed1578

grout-headed1578

bedaft1579

dull-pated1580

blate1581

buzzard-like1581

long-eared1582

dullard1583

woodena1586

duncical1588

leaden-headed1589

buzzard1592

dorbellical1592

dunstical1592

heavy-headeda1593

shallow-brained1592

blunt-witted1594

mossy1597

Bœotian1598

clay-brained1598

fat1598

fat-witted1598

knotty-pated1598

stupidous1598

wit-lost1599

barren1600

duncifiedc1600

lourdish1600

stockish1600

thick1600

booby1603

leaden-pated1603

partless1603

thin-headed1603

leaden-skulledc1604

blockhead1606

frost-brained1606

ram-headed1608

beef-witted1609

insulse1609

leaden-spirited1609

asininec1610

clumse1611

blockheadly1612

wattle-headed1613

flata1616

logger-headeda1616

puppy-headeda1616

shallow-patedc1616

thick-brained1619

half-headed1621

buzzard-blinda1625

beef-brained1628

toom-headed1629

thick-witted1634

woollen-witted1635

squirrel-headed1637

clod-pated1639

lean-souled1639

muddy-headed1642

leaden-witteda1645

as sad as any mallet1645

under-headed1646

fat-headed1647

half-witted1647

insipid1651

insulsate1652

soft-headed1653

thick-skulleda1657

muddish1658

non-intelligent1659

whey-brained1660

sap-headed1665

timber-headed1666

leather-headeda1668

out of (one's) tree1669

boobily1673

thoughtless1673

lourdly1674

logger1675

unintelligenta1676

Bœotic1678

chicken-brained1678

under-witted1683

loggerhead1684

dunderheaded1692

unintelligible1694

buffle-headed1697

crassicc1700

numbskulled1707

crassous1708

doddy-polled1708

haggis-headed1715

niddy-noddy1722

muzzy1723

pudding-headed1726

sumphish1728

pitcher-souleda1739

duncey1743

hebete1743

chuckheaded1756

dumb1756

duncely1757

imbecile1766

mutton-headed1768

chuckle-headed1770

jobbernowl1770

dowfarta1774

boobyish1778

wittol1780

staumrel1787

opaquec1789

stoopid1791

mud-headed1793

borné1795

muzzy-headed1798

nog-headed1800

thick-headed1801

gypit1804

duncish1805

lightweight1809

numbskull1814

tup-headed1816

chuckle-pate1820

unintellectuala1821

dense1822

ninnyish1822

dunch1825

fozy1825

potato-headed1826

beef-headed1828

donkeyish1831

blockheadish1833

pinheaded1837

squirrel-minded1837

pumpkin-headed1838

tomfoolish1838

dundering1840

chicken-headed1842

like a bump on a log1842

ninny-minded1849

numbheadeda1852

nincompoopish1852

suet-brained1852

dolly1853

mullet-headed1853

sodden1853

fiddle-headed1854

numb1854

bovine1855

logy1859

crass1861

unsmart1861

off his chump1864

wooden-headed1865

stupe1866

lean-minded1867

duffing1869

cretinous1871

doddering1871

thick-head1873

doddling1874

stupido1879

boneheaded1883

woolly-headed1883

leaden-natured1889

suet-headed1890

sam-sodden1891

dopey1896

turnip-headed1898

bonehead1903

wool-witted1905

peanut-headed1906

peanut-brained1907

dilly1909

torpid-minded1909

retardate1912

nitwitted1917

meat-headed1918

mug1922

cloth-headed1925

loopy1925

nitwit1928

lame-brained1929

dead from the neck up1930

simpy1932

nail-headed1936

square-headed1936

dingbats1937

pinhead1939

dim-witted1940

pea-brained1942

clueless1943

lobotomized1943

retarded1949

pointy-headed1950

clottish1952

like a stunned mullet1953

silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954

out to lunch1955

pin-brained1958

dozy1959

eejity1964

out of one's tiny mind1965

doofus1967

twitty1967

twittish1969

twatty1975

twattish1976

blur1977

dof1979

goofus1981

dickheaded1991

dickish1991

numpty1992

cockish1996

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxv. 120 Na man comme in my sight tome hand.

1629 Z. Boyd Balme of Gilead 21 (Jam.) A man as we say that hath not harnes, or brain, a toome headed man.

1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess Introd. 4 Ye're nae toom handed gin your heart be free.

1824 J. Mactaggart Sc. Gallovidian Encycl. Toom-skin'd, hungry.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

toomv.

Forms: see prec.

Etymology: < toom adj., taking the place of the earlier teem v.²

Scottish and northern dialect.

1. transitive. To empty (a vessel, receptacle, etc.); esp. to empty by drinking, to drink off the contents of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor > drink up or drain

quax1509

toom?a1513

quaff1534

to play off1598

upsy-friese1617

bumbaste1640

dust1673

fuddlec1680

whemmel1721

toota1774

buzz1785

kill1833

floor1837

lower1920

slam1982

the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > leave unoccupied [verb (transitive)] > empty

emptyOE

emptOE

avoida1382

to shake out1382

devoida1400

evacuec1400

void1506

toom?a1513

unburden1538

disgarboil1567

inanitea1598

unbowel1597

unfill1607

to turn out?1609

unteemc1635

evacuatea1652

vacuate1651

unempt1798

disglut1800

eviscerate1834

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 151 Ay as thay tomit thame of schot, Feyndis fild thame new vp to the thrott, With gold of allkin prent.

1580 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1882) IV. 187 The inhabiteris..maist filthely castes furth and tomes thair closettis and pottis on the hie gaitt.

?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. Lenvoye 352 Concluding this, we toome a tass of wyne.

1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 106 They'll toom their banks before you reap their crap.

1896 ‘I. Maclaren’ Kate Carnegie 71 Toom..yir mooth this meenut and say the twenty-third Psalm to the minister.

2. To empty out, discharge, pour out (water, the contents of a vessel, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > leave unoccupied [verb (transitive)] > empty > empty (contents)

avoida1398

teemc1440

voida1475

empty1532

toom1535

empt1555

unload1603

to turn out?1609

dismaw1620

unvessel1633

to pack out1969

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 630 This ilk Banquho, the quhilk the aill gart brew,..Amang the aill gart tume thame in the fat.

1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. vii. 143 She's..like to hae toomed it a' out into the slap-bason.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian iii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 66 Our gawsie Scots pint..toomed doun the creature's throat wi' ane whorn.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1297

n.²1882

adj.OE

v.?a1513

单词	toom
释义	† toomn.¹ Forms: Middle English–1500s tome, Middle English tom, ( toume, towme, toym), Middle English toom, 1500s tume. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse tóm. Etymology: < Old Norse tóm (noun neuter) emptiness, vacuity, leisure, Old Swedish tōm leisure, occasion, Old Danish tōm time, occasion; < tómr (adjective) empty: see toom adj. Obsolete (in later use only Scottish) a. Vacant or unoccupied time; time free or sufficient for doing something, leisure; a space or interval of time, a while. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > [noun] > for doing something toom1297 leisurec1400 respite1443 vacationc1450 vacuity1607 room1769 time off1881 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 11656 In hor bed hii founde hom in toune þo hii come..Vor to wel cloþi hom hii ne ȝeue hom no tome. c1315 Shoreham i. 2119 Þaȝ he by hyre ne ligge nouȝt, Oþer halt hys ine hys house, In tome. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 14595 Haf i na tome at ga þar-to. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 134 More..Þen I cowþe telle þaȝ I tom hade. c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 3126 Of Generides dome To speke had thei nomore tome. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 642 Or þe toþir had toym to tak His suerde, þe king sic strak him gaiff. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 18 Ȝit will I tell, for I haif space & tume, How efterwart he set ane seig to Rome. b. Time convenient or proper for doing something; opportunity, occasion. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > an opportunity > [noun] > opportunity roomeOE ease?c1225 leisure1303 toom1390 respite1443 openc1485 commodity1525 occasion1526 ope1611 conveniency1645 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 249 His Bacheler, which hadde tome, Whan that his lord be nihte slepte, This Ring,..Out of his Pours awey he dede. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1153 Ȝif ȝe wolde tith [MS. tyȝt] me a tom telle hit I wolde. c1440 York Myst. xl. 18 Atte townes for to tarie take we no tent, But take vs tome at þis tyme to talke of sume tales. a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 10 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 299 Ther-to the nedys to take the tome. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). toomn.² Etymology: < toom v. Scottish. A place where rubbish is or may be emptied out; a ‘coup’. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > place for disposing of refuse Tophet1382 shooting-ground1835 shoot1851 dumping-ground1857 dump1872 toom1882 dust-shoot1883 coup1886 nuisance ground1889 tip1890 1882 Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) Toom, a place into which rubbish is emptied. 1884 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 817/1 The piled-up rubbish of millions of years which has been cast out here as into one vast ‘toom’. 1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders 226 Great tails [of stones] that spread down the mountain steep, like rubble from a quarry toom. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2019). toomadj. Brit. /tuːm/, U.S. /tum/, Scottish English /tum/ Forms: α. Old English tóm, Middle English–1500s tōme, (Middle English tombe, toyme, 1500s towme), Middle English–1600s toome, Middle English– toom. β. Middle English tum, Middle English–1600s tume, 1500s twme, (?) twyme, 1800s Scottish tume, tuim. γ. 1700s–1800s teem, 1800s dialect teeam. Etymology: Old English tóm = Old Norse tómr (Norwegian, Danish, Swedish tom ); also Old Saxon tômi , tômig , Old High German zuomîg < Old Germanic tôm-o^z or tôm-u^z (Old Saxon tômia- ); ulterior origin unknown. Hence teem v.² Now only Scottish and northern dialect. 1. Empty, vacant, containing nothing, void of contents; destitute (of something). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > non-possession > [adjective] > devoid of something nakedeOE toomOE windia1225 skerec1250 freea1325 expertc1374 unbeseen1390 vacanta1400 devoidc1400 indigent1490 waste1513 clear1569 divesta1679 viduate1692 innocent1706 divested1742 sincerea1754 virgin1889 the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > [adjective] > empty idlec825 toomOE lankc1000 emptyOE leera1250 i-lerc1275 vain1382 void1390 bare1399 vacanta1400 i-voidec1415 hollow1600 vake1600 clear1607 inane1662 blank1748 viduous1855 unchargeda1861 OE Crist III 1211 Se sylfa cyning mid sine lichoman lysde of firenum þurh milde mod, þæt hy mostun man-weorca tome lifgan. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter cxliii. 16 Ful of riches and tome of goednes. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17815 Þai sagh þaa tumbs, tum war þai. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17798 And yee sal find þair tumbs tome [Gött. tume]. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxxiii. 149 When þai see þe toome vessellez, þai ga and fillez þam with gold. R. Misyn tr. R. Rolle Fire of Love 76 Certan of godis lufe þat ar toyme. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 496/2 Toom, or voyde, vacuus. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Cock & Jasp l. 91 in Poems (1981) 6 As draf or corne to fill my tume intraill. 1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 212 Thou has a tome purs. 1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 1 Of all vertew that Cietie was maid tome. 1727 P. Walker Some Remarkable Passages Semple, Welwood & Cameron 92 There were many toom Pulpits in Scotland. 1786 R. Burns Poems 31 Her mutchkin stowp as toom's a whissle. 1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus iii. vi. 86/2 The man John Balliol being quite gone, and only the ‘Toom Tabard’ (Empty Gown) remaining? 1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 180 As toom as an egg-shell. γ. 1773 R. Fergusson Poems 118 Here tak a rug, and shaw's your pose: Forseeth, my ain's but teem An' light this day.1861 E. Waugh Rambles Lake Country 180 He was as helpless as a teeam seck. 2. a. figurative. Empty, insubstantial, vain, void, futile. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > absence of meaning > nonsense, rubbish > [adjective] tooma1250 beggarly1526 trumpery1576 balductum1577 skimble-skamble1598 nonsense1621 warbling1621 flim-flam1631 nonsensical1645 unsensical1692 fiddlecome1697 waffling1698 mataeological1716 flummery1749 water-gruelish1788 slip-sloppish1797 twaddling1804 twaddle1830 twaddly1841 fee-faw-fumish1846 poppycock1852 boshy1860 twaddlesome1865 moonshiny1880 cockalorum1881 tommyrotic1894 crappy1928 ballsy1942 farkakte1960 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > [adjective] idlec825 unnuteOE bricklec1225 tooma1250 unnaita1250 vaina1300 waste1303 overvoida1382 voida1382 superfluec1384 daylessa1387 unbehovely1390 unprofitablea1398 unbehoveful1429 wastefulc1450 idleful1483 fruster1488 vainful1509 frustrate?a1513 superfluousa1533 addle1534 lost1535 fittle1552 futilea1575 nugatory1605 futilous1607 shiftless1613 tympanous1625 emptya1628 frustraneousa1643 pointless1673 futilitous1765 otiose1795 stultificatory1931 a1250 Owl & Nightingale 1672 Me þuncþ þu ledest ferde tome. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. iv. 120 The tume schaddowis smytyn to haue slane. 1568 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlvi. 27 Till deif ȝow w^t tome clatter. 1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 46 O'er lang, with empty brag, we have been vain Of toom dominion on the plenteous main. 1786 G. Frazer Fall of Man 157 Blown up with the toom wind of a flattering empty sound. †b. Idle, unoccupied. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > idleness, lack of occupation or activity > [adjective] idlec950 tooma1340 unoccupiedc1405 void1530 restyc1540 unbusied1570 idlefula1652 haking1703 unbusy1731 otiose1850 non-employed1853 a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xlix. 21 Sitand tome [MS.S. ydel], for it likes þe to speke ill. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxx. 406 To stand thus tome Thou gars me grete. Compounds toom-handed, toom-headed, toom-skinned adjs. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > [adjective] > not bearing gift(s) giftless1390 toom-handedc1400 emptyc1405 empty-handed1549 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective] sloweOE stuntc960 dullOE hardOE stuntlyc1000 sotc1050 dillc1175 dulta1225 simplea1325 heavy1340 astonedc1374 sheepishc1380 dull-witteda1387 lourd1390 steerishc1411 ass-likea1425 brainless?a1439 deafc1440 sluggishc1450 short-witted1477 obtuse1509 peakish1519 wearish1519 deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520 doileda1522 gross1526 headlessa1530 stulty1532 ass-headed1533 pot-headed1533 stupid?1541 sheep's head1542 doltish1543 dumpish1545 assish1548 blockish1548 slow-witted1548 blockheaded1549 surd1551 dull-headed1552 hammer-headed1552 skit-brained?1553 buzzardly1561 witless1562 log-headeda1566 assy1566 sottish1566 dastardly1567 stupidious1567 beetle-headed1570 calvish1570 bluntish1578 cod's-headed1578 grout-headed1578 bedaft1579 dull-pated1580 blate1581 buzzard-like1581 long-eared1582 dullard1583 woodena1586 duncical1588 leaden-headed1589 buzzard1592 dorbellical1592 dunstical1592 heavy-headeda1593 shallow-brained1592 blunt-witted1594 mossy1597 Bœotian1598 clay-brained1598 fat1598 fat-witted1598 knotty-pated1598 stupidous1598 wit-lost1599 barren1600 duncifiedc1600 lourdish1600 stockish1600 thick1600 booby1603 leaden-pated1603 partless1603 thin-headed1603 leaden-skulledc1604 blockhead1606 frost-brained1606 ram-headed1608 beef-witted1609 insulse1609 leaden-spirited1609 asininec1610 clumse1611 blockheadly1612 wattle-headed1613 flata1616 logger-headeda1616 puppy-headeda1616 shallow-patedc1616 thick-brained1619 half-headed1621 buzzard-blinda1625 beef-brained1628 toom-headed1629 thick-witted1634 woollen-witted1635 squirrel-headed1637 clod-pated1639 lean-souled1639 muddy-headed1642 leaden-witteda1645 as sad as any mallet1645 under-headed1646 fat-headed1647 half-witted1647 insipid1651 insulsate1652 soft-headed1653 thick-skulleda1657 muddish1658 non-intelligent1659 whey-brained1660 sap-headed1665 timber-headed1666 leather-headeda1668 out of (one's) tree1669 boobily1673 thoughtless1673 lourdly1674 logger1675 unintelligenta1676 Bœotic1678 chicken-brained1678 under-witted1683 loggerhead1684 dunderheaded1692 unintelligible1694 buffle-headed1697 crassicc1700 numbskulled1707 crassous1708 doddy-polled1708 haggis-headed1715 niddy-noddy1722 muzzy1723 pudding-headed1726 sumphish1728 pitcher-souleda1739 duncey1743 hebete1743 chuckheaded1756 dumb1756 duncely1757 imbecile1766 mutton-headed1768 chuckle-headed1770 jobbernowl1770 dowfarta1774 boobyish1778 wittol1780 staumrel1787 opaquec1789 stoopid1791 mud-headed1793 borné1795 muzzy-headed1798 nog-headed1800 thick-headed1801 gypit1804 duncish1805 lightweight1809 numbskull1814 tup-headed1816 chuckle-pate1820 unintellectuala1821 dense1822 ninnyish1822 dunch1825 fozy1825 potato-headed1826 beef-headed1828 donkeyish1831 blockheadish1833 pinheaded1837 squirrel-minded1837 pumpkin-headed1838 tomfoolish1838 dundering1840 chicken-headed1842 like a bump on a log1842 ninny-minded1849 numbheadeda1852 nincompoopish1852 suet-brained1852 dolly1853 mullet-headed1853 sodden1853 fiddle-headed1854 numb1854 bovine1855 logy1859 crass1861 unsmart1861 off his chump1864 wooden-headed1865 stupe1866 lean-minded1867 duffing1869 cretinous1871 doddering1871 thick-head1873 doddling1874 stupido1879 boneheaded1883 woolly-headed1883 leaden-natured1889 suet-headed1890 sam-sodden1891 dopey1896 turnip-headed1898 bonehead1903 wool-witted1905 peanut-headed1906 peanut-brained1907 dilly1909 torpid-minded1909 retardate1912 nitwitted1917 meat-headed1918 mug1922 cloth-headed1925 loopy1925 nitwit1928 lame-brained1929 dead from the neck up1930 simpy1932 nail-headed1936 square-headed1936 dingbats1937 pinhead1939 dim-witted1940 pea-brained1942 clueless1943 lobotomized1943 retarded1949 pointy-headed1950 clottish1952 like a stunned mullet1953 silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954 out to lunch1955 pin-brained1958 dozy1959 eejity1964 out of one's tiny mind1965 doofus1967 twitty1967 twittish1969 twatty1975 twattish1976 blur1977 dof1979 goofus1981 dickheaded1991 dickish1991 numpty1992 cockish1996 c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxv. 120 Na man comme in my sight tome hand. 1629 Z. Boyd Balme of Gilead 21 (Jam.) A man as we say that hath not harnes, or brain, a toome headed man. 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess Introd. 4 Ye're nae toom handed gin your heart be free. 1824 J. Mactaggart Sc. Gallovidian Encycl. Toom-skin'd, hungry. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). toomv. Forms: see prec. Etymology: < toom adj., taking the place of the earlier teem v.² Scottish and northern dialect. 1. transitive. To empty (a vessel, receptacle, etc.); esp. to empty by drinking, to drink off the contents of. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor > drink up or drain quax1509 toom?a1513 quaff1534 to play off1598 upsy-friese1617 bumbaste1640 dust1673 fuddlec1680 whemmel1721 toota1774 buzz1785 kill1833 floor1837 lower1920 slam1982 the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > leave unoccupied [verb (transitive)] > empty emptyOE emptOE avoida1382 to shake out1382 devoida1400 evacuec1400 void1506 toom?a1513 unburden1538 disgarboil1567 inanitea1598 unbowel1597 unfill1607 to turn out?1609 unteemc1635 evacuatea1652 vacuate1651 unempt1798 disglut1800 eviscerate1834 a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 151 Ay as thay tomit thame of schot, Feyndis fild thame new vp to the thrott, With gold of allkin prent. 1580 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1882) IV. 187 The inhabiteris..maist filthely castes furth and tomes thair closettis and pottis on the hie gaitt. ?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. Lenvoye 352 Concluding this, we toome a tass of wyne. 1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 106 They'll toom their banks before you reap their crap. 1896 ‘I. Maclaren’ Kate Carnegie 71 Toom..yir mooth this meenut and say the twenty-third Psalm to the minister. 2. To empty out, discharge, pour out (water, the contents of a vessel, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > leave unoccupied [verb (transitive)] > empty > empty (contents) avoida1398 teemc1440 voida1475 empty1532 toom1535 empt1555 unload1603 to turn out?1609 dismaw1620 unvessel1633 to pack out1969 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 630 This ilk Banquho, the quhilk the aill gart brew,..Amang the aill gart tume thame in the fat. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. vii. 143 She's..like to hae toomed it a' out into the slap-bason. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian iii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 66 Our gawsie Scots pint..toomed doun the creature's throat wi' ane whorn. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1297n.²1882adj.OEv.?a1513
随便看	servo tab servo valve servo-actuated servo-assisted servo-control servo-controlled servo-driven servo-multiplier servo-operated servoactuated servoassisted servocontrol servocontrolled servodriven servoed servoer servoest servohydraulic servoing servomechanical servomechanism servomechanisms servomultiplier servooperated servos

† toomn.1

toomn.2

toomadj.

Compounds

toomv.

† toomn.¹

toomn.²