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单词 topgallant
释义

topgallantn.adj.

Brit. /ˈtɒpˌɡalənt/, /ˈtɒpˌɡaln̩t/, /təˈɡalənt/, /təˈɡaln̩t/, /tɒpˈɡalənt/, U.S. /tɑpˈɡælənt/, /ˈtɑpˌɡælənt/, /təˈɡælənt/
Forms: Also 1500s -galand.
Etymology: < top n.1 9 + gallant adj., as making a brave or gallant show in comparison with the lower tops. The guess that the name was originally top-garland (from garland n. 8) is disproved by the early evidence, and does not suit the sense.
A. n.
1. Nautical. A top (top n.1 9) at the head of the topmast, and thus in a loftier position than the original top-castle or top. Obsolete.The thing was in use before the name: see quot. 1497, where it is described without a name. The name was probably obsolete by 1600, when sense A. 2 came in.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > mast > platform at top of mast > platform on specific masts
maintop1485
mizzen-top1497
foretop1509
topgallant1514
1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 278 The Regent, Also a Toppe maste aboue the mayne Toppe maste, Rotteyn perused & consumyd to noght. A sayle to the same.. Also viij Shrowdes belongyng to the same.]
1514 Inv. Henri Grace de Dieu in Oppenheim Admin. Royal Navy I. 374 Toppe Galant apon the foretopmast..j.
1514 Inv. Henri Grace de Dieu in Oppenheim Admin. Royal Navy I. 375 The top Galant apon the mayne topmast..j.
1514 Inv. in United Serv. Mag. (1910) Mar. 581 The top galant. The mast to the same .j. The sayle yerd.
1569 J. Sparke Sir J. Hawkins' 2nd Voy. (1878) 50 The Jesus also bare a light in her toppegallant.
1590 E. Spenser Visions Worlds Vanitie ix A goodly ship with banners bravely dight, And flag in her top-gallant, I espide.
2. plural. Short for topgallant sail at sense B. 1a: the sails above the topsail and topgallant.This use appears to have come in as sense A. 1 became obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun] > topgallant sail(s)
topgallant sail1514
topgallants1599
1599 T. Dallam Diary in J. T. Bent Early Voy. Levant (1893) i. 9 They..made away with all the sayle they had, drablings and topgalands, but..we came nearer and nearer unto them.
1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 46 When Kings are haleing up their top-gallant, Subjects lay hold on their slablines.
1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais Pantagruel's Voy.: 4th Bk. Wks. iv. lxiv A fresh gale..began to fill the..Top-gallants.
1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple III. xi. 138 She had..got up..jury-masts, with topgallants for topsails.
3.
a. transferred (from A. 1, A. 2) The most elevated (literal or figurative) part or member of anything; see quots., and also top and topgallant at top n.1 9c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > high position > [noun] > upper part > top piece or part
overmosta1382
overesta1400
topple14..
uppermost1484
topgallant1581
upmost1589
crownwork1594
heading1665
battlement1667
crowning1692
crown piece1766
surmounting1812
crista1849
surmount1879
1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 388 If these two gallaunt Gyaunts apply no stronger pillers..to vphold the Majesticall State of theyr toppegallaunt of Rome.
1618 G. Strode Anat. Mortalitie 83 The Peacocke..when he..seeth his black feete,.. vaileth his top-gallant, and seemeth to sorrow.
1656 I. Bourne Def. Script. 15 A faith in Christ..was the top gallant of a Christian.
1878 R. L. Stevenson Edinb. (1889) 29 A few spires, the stone top-gallants of the city.
b. figurative. The highest point or pitch; summit.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > perfection > [noun] > peak of perfection
perfection1340
pointc1400
pinnaclec1450
firmament1526
tipe1548
vertical point1559
acmea1568
status1577
summity1588
sublimation1591
turret1593
topgallant1597
non ultra?1606
vertical1611
non plus ultra1647
ne ultraa1657
verticle1658
summit1661
ne plus ultra1664
ne plus1665
nonplus1670
tip-top1702
pink1720
sublime1748
eminencea1854
it1896
1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. iii. 179 Which to the high top-gallant of my ioy Must be my conduct in the secret night. View more context for this quotation
1666 W. Sancroft Lex Ignea 17 The very Top-gallant of all our Glory.
1679 C. Ness Distinct Disc. Antichrist 149 From..the top-gallant of his Luciferian pride.
1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xiii. ix. 523 He seems to himself a man at the topgallant of his wishes.
c. Used for the nonce as an intensive of gallant.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > flirtation or coquetry > [noun] > flirt > male flirt > ladies' man or philanderer
gallanta1450
dalliera1568
women's man1568
amorist1595
woman's man1597
lady-mongerc1600
dammaret1635
topgallant1701
agapet1736
ladies' man1764
Jack among the maids1785
philanderer1841
Romeo1902
tea-hound1921
bird dog1942
1701 G. Farquhar Sir Harry Wildair iv. ii. 36 And such as He are all those Top-Gallants that daily haunt my House, ruin your Honour, and disturb my Quiet.
B. adj.
1.
a. Of, relating to, or having the position of top-gallant: topgallant mast, topgallant sail, topgallant yard, the mast, sail, or yard above the topmast and topsail; the third mast, sail, or yard above the deck; topgallant royals n. Obsolete early name for royals (royal n. 7).Often forming with the noun an attributive phrase, as topgallant-mast head, topgallant-sail yard, topgallant-yard man.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun] > topgallant sail(s)
topgallant sail1514
topgallants1599
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun] > royal sail(s)
topgallant royals1514
top-royal?a1535
royal sail1660
royal1769
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [adjective] > topgallant
topgallant1514
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > mast > topgallant mast
topgallant mast1514
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > yard > other yards
sprityard1485
peggy1494
spritsail yard1514
topgallant yard1514
main-topgallant-yard1588
driver yard1757
square yards1769
1514 Inv. Henri Grace de Dieu in Oppenheim Admin. Royal Navy I. 374 Bowlynes to the topgalant yerd... Lyftes to the foretopgalant yerd with iiij single polies.
1514 Inv. Henri Grace de Dieu in Oppenheim Admin. Royal Navy I. 377 Topgalant Sayle.
1514 Inv. Kateryn Forteleza in United Serv. Mag. Mar. (1910) 581 Top galant, top galant mast, shrowdes to the same .vj.
1588 State Papers Dom. Eliz. (P.R.O.) CCXX. lf. 54 The Revendge..A mayne topgallant saile made of an olde myzon.
1588 State Papers Dom. Eliz. CCXX. lf. 71 The Dreadnoughte..one mayne topgallant saile, servic[eable].
1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 12 The top gallant mast, the maine top gallant sayle yeard, the trucke, or flagge staffe.
1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. vii. 31 There is also your maine top-saile, and fore top-saile, with their top-gallant sailes.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 7 Sometimes the surges or Sea-flashes doe rebound top-gallant height.
1671 London Gaz. No. 544/3 He caused his Top-gallant Masts and Yards to be taken down, and his Galleries and Quarter Decks to be covered with Canvas made for the purpose, to the end they might take him for a Merchant man.
1692 Smith's Sea-mans Gram. (new ed.) i. xiv. 64 Main Topsail Lifts..Topgallant Lifts.
1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Top-Gallant-Masts of a Ship, are two, viz. Maintop-gallant-Mast, and Foretop-gallant-Mast; And these two are small round Pices of Timber, set on to their respective Top-Masts; on the Top of which Masts are set the Flagg-staffs.
1756 Gentleman's Mag. 26 506/1 Making all the sail they possibly could set to get from us, with top gallant ryalls, lower top-mast, and top-gallant steering sails, keeping a good full.
1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage iii. 32 There were two seamen on the topgallant yard.
1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast iv. 30 We sprang aloft immediately and furled the royals and top-gallant-sails.
c1860 H. Stuart Novices or Young Seaman's Catech. (rev. ed.) 45 The topgallant yard men..will go aloft.
1891 Times 21 Oct. 7/4 The Hoffnung,..having..foretopmast and topgallant, with yards and sails attached, carried away; also main topgallant mast with yards.
b. See quotations.
ΚΠ
1839 F. Marryat Phantom Ship I. viii. 165 On her forecastle another small deck ran from the knight-heads, which was called the top-gallant forecastle.
1869 E. J. Reed Shipbuilding xii. 238 It is customary to complete the topsides above this gunwale by, what is termed, a top-gallant bulwark formed of wooden berthing and stanchions.
2. Allowing topgallant sails to be used, as topgallant gale, topgallant breeze, topgallant weather.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [adjective] > allowing specific sails to be carried
topsail cole1390
loom1600
reef-topsail1693
topgallant1697
whole-sail1824
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iv. 79 We had it [sc. wind] at E.S.E. where it stood a considerable time, and blew a fresh top gallant gale.
1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Transl. French Terms Tems à perroquet, a top-gallant gale, top-gallant weather.
1798 Authentic Narrative Battle of Nile 21 The wind was at this time N.N.W. and blew what Seamen call a Top~gallant breeze.
1806 A. Duncan Life Nelson 68 The wind..blew what seamen call a top-gallant breeze. It was necessary to take in the royals when the squadron hauled upon a wind.
1873 Routledge's Young Gentleman's Mag. July 494/1 A good ‘topgallant breeze’ sprung up.
3. figurative. Lofty, grand, fine, topping: cf. sense A. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective]
faireOE
bremea1000
goodlyOE
goodfulc1275
noblec1300
pricec1300
specialc1325
gentlec1330
fine?c1335
singulara1340
thrivena1350
thriven and throa1350
gaya1375
properc1380
before-passinga1382
daintiful1393
principala1398
gradelya1400
burlyc1400
daintyc1400
thrivingc1400
voundec1400
virtuousc1425
hathelc1440
curiousc1475
singlerc1500
beautiful1502
rare?a1534
gallant1539
eximious1547
jolly1548
egregious?c1550
jellyc1560
goodlike1562
brawc1565
of worth1576
brave?1577
surprising1580
finger-licking1584
admirablea1586
excellinga1586
ambrosial1598
sublimated1603
excellent1604
valiant1604
fabulous1609
pure1609
starryc1610
topgallant1613
lovely1614
soaringa1616
twanging1616
preclarent1623
primea1637
prestantious1638
splendid1644
sterling1647
licking1648
spankinga1666
rattling1690
tearing1693
famous1695
capital1713
yrare1737
pure and —1742
daisy1757
immense1762
elegant1764
super-extra1774
trimming1778
grand1781
gallows1789
budgeree1793
crack1793
dandy1794
first rate1799
smick-smack1802
severe1805
neat1806
swell1810
stamming1814
divine1818
great1818
slap-up1823
slapping1825
high-grade1826
supernacular1828
heavenly1831
jam-up1832
slick1833
rip-roaring1834
boss1836
lummy1838
flash1840
slap1840
tall1840
high-graded1841
awful1843
way up1843
exalting1844
hot1845
ripsnorting1846
clipping1848
stupendous1848
stunning1849
raving1850
shrewd1851
jammy1853
slashing1854
rip-staving1856
ripping1858
screaming1859
up to dick1863
nifty1865
premier cru1866
slap-bang1866
clinking1868
marvellous1868
rorty1868
terrific1871
spiffing1872
all wool and a yard wide1882
gorgeous1883
nailing1883
stellar1883
gaudy1884
fizzing1885
réussi1885
ding-dong1887
jim-dandy1888
extra-special1889
yum-yum1890
out of sight1891
outasight1893
smooth1893
corking1895
large1895
super1895
hot dog1896
to die for1898
yummy1899
deevy1900
peachy1900
hi1901
v.g.1901
v.h.c.1901
divvy1903
doozy1903
game ball1905
goodo1905
bosker1906
crackerjack1910
smashinga1911
jake1914
keen1914
posh1914
bobby-dazzling1915
juicy1916
pie on1916
jakeloo1919
snodger1919
whizz-bang1920
wicked1920
four-star1921
wow1921
Rolls-Royce1922
whizz-bang1922
wizard1922
barry1923
nummy1923
ripe1923
shrieking1926
crazy1927
righteous1930
marvy1932
cool1933
plenty1933
brahmaa1935
smoking1934
solid1935
mellow1936
groovy1937
tough1937
bottler1938
fantastic1938
readyc1938
ridge1938
super-duper1938
extraordinaire1940
rumpty1940
sharp1940
dodger1941
grouse1941
perfecto1941
pipperoo1945
real gone1946
bosting1947
supersonic1947
whizzo1948
neato1951
peachy-keen1951
ridgey-dite1953
ridgy-didge1953
top1953
whizzing1953
badass1955
wild1955
belting1956
magic1956
bitching1957
swinging1958
ridiculous1959
a treat1959
fab1961
bad-assed1962
uptight1962
diggish1963
cracker1964
marv1964
radical1964
bakgat1965
unreal1965
pearly1966
together1968
safe1970
bad1971
brilliant1971
fabby1971
schmick1972
butt-kicking1973
ripper1973
Tiffany1973
bodacious1976
rad1976
kif1978
awesome1979
death1979
killer1979
fly1980
shiok1980
stonking1980
brill1981
dope1981
to die1982
mint1982
epic1983
kicking1983
fabbo1984
mega1985
ill1986
posho1989
pukka1991
lovely jubbly1992
awesomesauce2001
nang2002
bess2006
amazeballs2009
boasty2009
daebak2009
beaut2013
1613 J. Sylvester Lacrymæ Lacrymarum B iv Stript..Of guiddie-Gaudes, Top-gallant Tires and Towers.
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iv. vi. 108 Sure I am, the Babylonians were more top-gallant then the Iews, and quite put them down with bravery.
1733 A. Pope Impertinent 14 Top-gallant he, and she in all her Trim.
1850 G. Cupples Green Hand v. 54/2 Here he [the sailor] came out with a regular string of top-gallant oaths.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.adj.1514
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