tophtophen.¹

/təʊf/

Etymology: < Latin tōphus, more correctly tōfus : see tophus n.

Now rare.

1. Usually toph stone: Travertin, or other soft stone: = tophus n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > building stone > types of limestone for building

Purbeck stone1410

Tiburtine stonec1440

toph stonea1552

travertine1669

Purbeck1683

Purbeck marblea1697

Portland1711

tiber-stone1726

tophus-stone1830

Hopton wood1888

roach1911

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > limestone > travertine

toph stonea1552

Tivertine1663

travertine1669

tophus-stone1830

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) VI. 55 A Quarre of Tophe Stone by Driselege, wherof much of the Castelle was buildid.

1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1878) iii. xv. ii. 61 For Tophe stone, not a few allow of the quarrie that is at Drisley, diuerse mislike not of the veine of hard stone that is at Oxford, and Burford.

1811 J. Milner Eccl. Archit. Eng. 95 Arched with hard stone for the ribs and light toph stone for the interstices.

2. Pathology. A calcareous deposit or calculus formed within the human or animal body: = tophus n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [noun] > concretion

stonec1000

felta1548

toph1598

gravel-stone1606

tophus1607

concretion1646

talusa1728

calculus1732

osteid1855

concrement1885

inolith1886

milkstone1892

1598 T. Bastard Chrestoleros i. xv. 11 Phisition Mirus talkes of saliuation, Of Tophes and Pustules, and Febricitations.

1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs §141 A neutrall nature of a tophe, between a Cartilage and a Stone.

1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. ii. 73/1 It softens, dissipates, yea, and dissolves the chalky Concretions,..pocky Nodes, Tophs, Gums, and Swellings.

1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana ii. ii. 879/2 It cleanses the Skin,..takes away Gouty Tophs, cures the Leprosie.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Toph, a word us'd by some Chirurgical Writers for a kind of Swelling in the Bones.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. III. 492 Some structural irritation within the cavity of the skull, such as a node or toph.

1843 R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xxviii. 355 Exanthemata..nodes, tophes, syphilitic gout and rheumatism.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

tophn.²

/təʊf/

Etymology: < Hebrew tōph, < tāphaph to sound or beat the timbrel; apparently echoic.

A Hebrew instrument of music, of the nature of a timbrel or tabret.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > drum > [noun] > timbrel or tambourine

timpc1275

timbre13..

tabret1464

taborinc1500

timbrela1535

timbre weightsc1560

tambourine1579

tombak1662

tambour de basque1688

tambouret1776

tambo1848

pandereta1857

toph1864

timpani1876

pandero1914

pandeiro1922

bamboula1938

tabouret-

1749 T. Stackhouse New Hist. Bible (ed. 2) II. vi. iv. 911 (note) It is the general Opinion of the Jews, that the Word Tophet comes from Thoph, which, in their Language, signifies a Drum.]

1864 C. Engel Music Most Anc. Nations 222 This deff may have been the toph of the Hebrews, as well as the square tambourine of the ancient Egyptians.

1879 J. Stainer Music of Bible 155 Among the instruments which the company of prophets bare..was a toph.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2018).

单词	toph
释义	tophtophen.¹ /təʊf/ Etymology: < Latin tōphus, more correctly tōfus : see tophus n. Now rare. 1. Usually toph stone: Travertin, or other soft stone: = tophus n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > building stone > types of limestone for building Purbeck stone1410 Tiburtine stonec1440 toph stonea1552 travertine1669 Purbeck1683 Purbeck marblea1697 Portland1711 tiber-stone1726 tophus-stone1830 Hopton wood1888 roach1911 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > limestone > travertine toph stonea1552 Tivertine1663 travertine1669 tophus-stone1830 a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) VI. 55 A Quarre of Tophe Stone by Driselege, wherof much of the Castelle was buildid. 1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1878) iii. xv. ii. 61 For Tophe stone, not a few allow of the quarrie that is at Drisley, diuerse mislike not of the veine of hard stone that is at Oxford, and Burford. 1811 J. Milner Eccl. Archit. Eng. 95 Arched with hard stone for the ribs and light toph stone for the interstices. 2. Pathology. A calcareous deposit or calculus formed within the human or animal body: = tophus n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [noun] > concretion stonec1000 felta1548 toph1598 gravel-stone1606 tophus1607 concretion1646 talusa1728 calculus1732 osteid1855 concrement1885 inolith1886 milkstone1892 1598 T. Bastard Chrestoleros i. xv. 11 Phisition Mirus talkes of saliuation, Of Tophes and Pustules, and Febricitations. 1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs §141 A neutrall nature of a tophe, between a Cartilage and a Stone. 1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. ii. 73/1 It softens, dissipates, yea, and dissolves the chalky Concretions,..pocky Nodes, Tophs, Gums, and Swellings. 1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana ii. ii. 879/2 It cleanses the Skin,..takes away Gouty Tophs, cures the Leprosie. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Toph, a word us'd by some Chirurgical Writers for a kind of Swelling in the Bones. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. III. 492 Some structural irritation within the cavity of the skull, such as a node or toph. 1843 R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xxviii. 355 Exanthemata..nodes, tophes, syphilitic gout and rheumatism. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online September 2018). tophn.² /təʊf/ Etymology: < Hebrew tōph, < tāphaph to sound or beat the timbrel; apparently echoic. A Hebrew instrument of music, of the nature of a timbrel or tabret. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > drum > [noun] > timbrel or tambourine timpc1275 timbre13.. tabret1464 taborinc1500 timbrela1535 timbre weightsc1560 tambourine1579 tombak1662 tambour de basque1688 tambouret1776 tambo1848 pandereta1857 toph1864 timpani1876 pandero1914 pandeiro1922 bamboula1938 tabouret- 1749 T. Stackhouse New Hist. Bible (ed. 2) II. vi. iv. 911 (note) It is the general Opinion of the Jews, that the Word Tophet comes from Thoph, which, in their Language, signifies a Drum.] 1864 C. Engel Music Most Anc. Nations 222 This deff may have been the toph of the Hebrews, as well as the square tambourine of the ancient Egyptians. 1879 J. Stainer Music of Bible 155 Among the instruments which the company of prophets bare..was a toph. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2018). < n.¹a1552n.²1864
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tophtophen.1

tophn.2

tophtophen.¹

tophn.²