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单词 townland
释义

townlandn.

Brit. /ˈtaʊnland/, U.S. /ˈtaʊnˌlænd/
Forms:

α. See town n. and land n.1; also Scottish pre-1700 toundland, pre-1700 tongueland.

β. Scottish pre-1700 tounisland, pre-1700 townesland.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: town n., land n.1
Etymology: In α. forms < town n. + land n.1 In β. forms < the genitive of town n. + land n.1Apparently re-formed in the 15th cent. In form tongueland perhaps influenced by tongue n. 13a.
1. The land forming a manor or estate. Obsolete.Only in Old English.
ΚΠ
OE Bounds (Sawyer 786) in D. Hooke Worcs. Anglo-Saxon Charter-bounds (1990) 182 Ðis sindon þa londgemæra þæra tunlonda þe into Perscoran belimpað.
2. In Ireland: a division of land, varying in extent according to locality; a territorial division. Cf. quarterland n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of area > [noun] > a system or process of measuring land > Irish units
townlanda1500
ballyboe1550
quarter1585
poll1591
cartron1598
tate1607
quartern1679
subdenomination1720
a1500 Eng. Conquest Ireland (Rawl.) (1896) 125 (MED) A Candrede is as myche to Say as an hundrid tounlonde.
1658 Petty in Cal. State Papers Ireland (Advent.) 362 The survey of every particular townland.
1662 Irish Act 14 & 15 Chas. II c. 2 (iii). §3 The..number of acres..in each town-land, village, balybo or quarter of land.
1714 F. Nevill in Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 254 Near to the same Town..in a Town-land called Killimeille..there are on the top of the Hill two Circles of dry Stone.
1752 R. Gibson Treat. Pract. Surv. iii. 143 In a Survey of a Town-Land, or Estate, it is sufficient to mention only the circumjacent Town-Lands, without the Occupiers Names.
1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire I. i. iii. 379 Townlands are sometimes attached to one parish for the assessment of the county taxes, while, with respect to tithes and other ecclesiastical contributions, they are considered as forming part of another.
1892 E. Lawless Grania iv. i. 166 Inishmaan possesses but two townlands, containing six quarters each, with sixteen croggeries to every quarter, and sixteen acres to every croggery.
1903 Times 17 Jan. 8/1 Ballycotsey is a townland in the county Tipperary.
1964 F. O'Connor in E. Cross Tailor & Ansty Introd. 7 The Tailor and Ansty lived in a mountain townland where people still believed in the fairies.
2005 J. Martyn Ringfort to Runway ii. iii. 119 Matt Scully from Clougher, an isolated townland on the side of Slieve Garbh, made his own of an end corner in Hogan's bar.
3. Scottish. The enclosed or infield land of a farm. Cf. town n. 1b. Also in plural.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > enclosed land or field > infield or outfield
townland1509
outfield1676
infield1733
infold1861
outfold1861
1509 in J. S. Clouston Rec. Earldom of Orkney (1914) 84 At the decerning and devyding of inskyftis, touneland, and owtchistis pertening to the fyff d. land.
1606 in C. S. Romanes Sel. Rec. Regality of Melrose (1914) I. 7 The lands of Newsteid..conteinand sax acres toun land and sax acres of coit yard land.
1685 in J. G. Dunlop Dunlop Papers (1953) III. 11 Everie toun lot hath a ga[rden] adjasent to it and two ackers of toun land lying near the toun.
1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VI. xxxi. 268 Oats succeed the bear, upon a third division of the in-field or winter town land.
1801 Farmer's Mag. Nov. 420 The infield, or town-land..looked to be good.
1822 J. Galt Provost iv. 24 The Dean of Guild..had the upper hand in the setting and granting of tacks of the town lands.
1965 T. E. Niven East Kilbride xxv. 220 Carrying the clash of a' the countraside from tounland to cot.
2010 R. A. Dodgshon in E. Foyster & C. A. Whatley Hist. Everyday Life Scotl., 1600–1800 i. 42 Distinctions like infield, outfield, common pasture and shielings were widespread across the mainland. Only in the Hebrides and northern isles was it simplified into townland arable, common pasture and shieling.
4. Scottish. A landholding in a town or burgh; (also) the tenants or inhabitants of such a landholding. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [noun] > held by type of local tenure
husbandland1345
townland1582
overland1769
1582 in M. B. Johnston & C. M. Armet Minute Bks. Burgh Kirkcudbright (1939) I. 165 The skair pertening to Symone McClellane and his complices on the eist the tonland and Mers of the vattersyde on the vest partis..the saids lands..ar haldin of the prowest and balȝeis of the said burgh as superiors.
1611 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1870) II. 313 Ilk burgh sall be frie and queyte ane with ane other, fra payment of..pittie customs..of thair..wearis at the tounland portis.
1668 in J. S. Dobie Munim. Irvine (1891) II. 228 Ane list of the toune landis as the samen wes given out to the inhabitants be lott..ther being tuentie sex lotts in all.
1689 Cramond Kirk Session III. 8 Sept. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (2001) at Tounland The minister proposed that..two toun lands, or one town land (where there are moe tennents or inhabitants) should meet..in a house most convenient to that quarter of the parische where they dwell.
1696 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1880) IV. 215 The..magistrats and councill..doe ordain..the said toun land in use to be lotted to be given..to the persons..above named.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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