| 单词 | tough movement |
| 释义 | > as lemmastough movement tough movement n. Transformational Grammar a transformation applied to a sentence moving words of a certain class (of which tough is one), from one part of the sentence to another (e.g. to convince John is hard: John is hard to convince). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic relations > [noun] > change of word order or position > specific types of movement or transformation cleft construction1937 wh-transformation1957 rank shift1961 rankshifting1965 fronting1966 pseudo-cleft1967 promotion1968 pseudo-clefting1970 tough movement1971 slifting1973 extraposing1976 1971 P. M. Postal Cross-over Phenomena iii. 27 There is a class of adjectives in English, hard, tough, easy, difficult, impossible, simple, which have played a prominent role in discussions of the need for a transformational grammar of English... The contrast between sentences like..a Throneberry is easy to please. b Throneberry is eager to please..is by now well known... There is a special rule defined for this class..which involves the movement of an NP out of the predicate of the complement sentence. Let us refer to this rule as tough-movement. 1977 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 1976 21 157 Consider (24), resulting from Passive, and (25), resulting from Tough-Movement, as answers to the question ‘Why was John arrested?’ (24) That he robbed a store was reported in the newspaper. (25) That he robbed a store is hard for us to believe. < as lemmas |
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