toxinn.

Brit.

/ˈtɒksɪn/, U.S.

/ˈtɑksən/

Forms: Also erroneous -ine.

Etymology: < tox- (in toxic adj.) + -in suffix¹.

A specific poison, usually of an albuminous nature, esp. one produced by a microbe, which causes a particular disease when present in the system of a human or animal body.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > poison causing a specific disease

toxin1890

the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > toxin > [noun]

toxin1890

autointoxicant1891

autotoxin1894

leucocidin1894

cytotoxin1900

toxon1900

nephrotoxin1902

toxonoid1904

zootoxin1906

leucotoxin1908

phalloidin1909

vivotoxin1953

victorin1954

phalloin1959

bungarotoxin1963

pathotoxin1963

trichothecene1971

1890 E. R. Lankester Advancem. Sci. iii. 168 In other cases the toxin and the vaccin seem almost certainly to be distinct.

1891 Lancet 3 Oct. 792 In a few cases..the introduction of the toxines secreted by the bacilli sufficed to set up a commencement of the process in the joints characteristic of rheumatism.

1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 557 The union of toxin and antitoxin is dissociable.

1905 G. A. Reid Princ. Heredity ii. 21 Toxins, extremely complex chemical compounds, are defensive weapons which protect the organisms producing them from their enemies, the phagocytes of the blood and tissues.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations.

ΚΠ

1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 893 In order to produce an immunity all that is required is to render the body toxin-proof.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 66/2 In the development of toxin-immunity the doses, small at first, are gradually increased.

1903 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 4 Apr. 784 No proof is afforded..of a separate toxophore group in the toxin molecule.

1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 576 The chemical interpretation of toxin-antitoxin antagonism.

1910 P. H. Hiss & H. Zinsser Text-bk. Bacteriol. xiii. 204 This work..showed that the element of time entered into the toxin-antitoxin reaction, just as it enters into reactions of known chemical nature.

1923 Daily Mail 16 Feb. 5/2 Since May in that borough 250 children have been tested and protection has been conferred on 70 by injection of the toxin-anti-toxin mixture.

1951 L. E. H. Whitby & M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 5) vi. 70 Toxin-antitoxin mixtures become highly toxic if frozen.

1975 E. Nnochiri Med. Microbiol. in Tropics iii. 43/1 Large visible floccules may be produced following a toxin-antitoxin reaction.

Derivatives

toxinaemia n. /-ˈiːmɪə/ [Greek αἷμα blood] the presence of a toxin in the blood: cf. toxaemia n. at tox- comb. form , (toxicaemia n. at toxico- comb. form ).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > blood poisoning

defoedation1583

blood poisoning1844

septicaemia1844

pyaemia1850

septaemia1851

toxaemia1860

ichorrhaemia1867

sapraemia1879

autotoxaemia1890

stercoraemia1890

toxanaemia1891

nosotoxicosis1892

toxinaemia1900

azotaemia1961

1900 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. (rev. ed.) I. 284 Various toxæmic conditions..and the different toxinæmias induced by the infectious diseases—diphtheria and typhoid or typhus fever.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	toxin
释义	toxinn. Brit. /ˈtɒksɪn/, U.S. /ˈtɑksən/ Forms: Also erroneous -ine. Etymology: < tox- (in toxic adj.) + -in suffix¹. A specific poison, usually of an albuminous nature, esp. one produced by a microbe, which causes a particular disease when present in the system of a human or animal body. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > poison causing a specific disease toxin1890 the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > toxin > [noun] toxin1890 autointoxicant1891 autotoxin1894 leucocidin1894 cytotoxin1900 toxon1900 nephrotoxin1902 toxonoid1904 zootoxin1906 leucotoxin1908 phalloidin1909 vivotoxin1953 victorin1954 phalloin1959 bungarotoxin1963 pathotoxin1963 trichothecene1971 1890 E. R. Lankester Advancem. Sci. iii. 168 In other cases the toxin and the vaccin seem almost certainly to be distinct. 1891 Lancet 3 Oct. 792 In a few cases..the introduction of the toxines secreted by the bacilli sufficed to set up a commencement of the process in the joints characteristic of rheumatism. 1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 557 The union of toxin and antitoxin is dissociable. 1905 G. A. Reid Princ. Heredity ii. 21 Toxins, extremely complex chemical compounds, are defensive weapons which protect the organisms producing them from their enemies, the phagocytes of the blood and tissues. Compounds attributive and in other combinations. ΚΠ 1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 893 In order to produce an immunity all that is required is to render the body toxin-proof. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 66/2 In the development of toxin-immunity the doses, small at first, are gradually increased. 1903 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 4 Apr. 784 No proof is afforded..of a separate toxophore group in the toxin molecule. 1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 576 The chemical interpretation of toxin-antitoxin antagonism. 1910 P. H. Hiss & H. Zinsser Text-bk. Bacteriol. xiii. 204 This work..showed that the element of time entered into the toxin-antitoxin reaction, just as it enters into reactions of known chemical nature. 1923 Daily Mail 16 Feb. 5/2 Since May in that borough 250 children have been tested and protection has been conferred on 70 by injection of the toxin-anti-toxin mixture. 1951 L. E. H. Whitby & M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 5) vi. 70 Toxin-antitoxin mixtures become highly toxic if frozen. 1975 E. Nnochiri Med. Microbiol. in Tropics iii. 43/1 Large visible floccules may be produced following a toxin-antitoxin reaction. Derivatives toxinaemia n. /-ˈiːmɪə/ [Greek αἷμα blood] the presence of a toxin in the blood: cf. toxaemia n. at tox- comb. form , (toxicaemia n. at toxico- comb. form ). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > blood poisoning defoedation1583 blood poisoning1844 septicaemia1844 pyaemia1850 septaemia1851 toxaemia1860 ichorrhaemia1867 sapraemia1879 autotoxaemia1890 stercoraemia1890 toxanaemia1891 nosotoxicosis1892 toxinaemia1900 azotaemia1961 1900 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. (rev. ed.) I. 284 Various toxæmic conditions..and the different toxinæmias induced by the infectious diseases—diphtheria and typhoid or typhus fever. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1890
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