brimstonen.

Brit.

/ˈbrɪmstən/,

/ˈbrɪmstəʊn/, U.S.

/ˈbrɪmzˌtoʊn/,

/ˈbrɪmˌstoʊn/

Forms: α. Middle English (?), Middle English brin-, brynstan(e, -ston(e, brenston, brenstoon, (Middle English Kent. bernston, northern bronstane, brunstan(e), Middle English–1500s brunston(e, Middle English–1500s bronston, 1500s byrnstone, brontstane, brint-, bryntstane, bryntstone, 1700s– Scottish brunstane. β. Middle English brimstan(e, brimston, brimstoon, brymston(e, brymstoon(e, ( brem-, brom-, brumstone, Middle English brymestone, 1600s brimestone), 1500s– brimstone; modern Scottish brumstane.

Etymology: Middle English brin- , bren- , brun- , brimston , late Old English (12th cent.) brynstán (MS. Vesp. D. xiv, f. 163), apparently < bern-, brinn-, stems of burn v.¹ + stone n.; compare Old Norse brenni-steinn sulphur; also, for the form, Old English berne-lác burnt-offering. An identical formation in other Germanic languages (Middle Dutch and Middle Low German bernsteen , Dutch barnsteen , German bernstein ) is used with the sense ‘amber’. The transposition in bern- , bren- was inherited from the verb; the subsequent change to brim- may have been due to association with the adjective brim , breme adj. and adv. ‘fierce’: compare quot. c1400 at sense 1.The uncertainty of form in Middle English may be estimated by the fact that the printed ed. of Wyclif (Forshall and Madden) has in the two texts the following varieties: Genesis xix. 24 brenstoon, brynston; Deuteronomy xxix. 23 brimstoon, brymston; Job xviii. 15 brumston, brymston; Psalm x. 7 brunston, brymston; Isaiah xxx. 33 brunston, brymstoon.

1. Formerly the common vernacular name for sulphur n. and adj. Now used chiefly when referring to its inflammable character, and to the biblical use in Genesis xix. 24 and Revelation xix. 20; or in speaking of old-fashioned prescriptions, as ‘brimstone and treacle’. Cf. fire and brimstone n. and int.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > a combustible substance > [noun] > specific

brimstonea1300

salamander stone1583

stubblea1591

the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > sulphur > [noun]

brimstonea1300

swivel1307

brinfira1325

sulphura1393

kibrit1706

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [noun] > going or setting on fire > going on fire > an inflammable substance > specific

brimstonea1300

brinfira1325

α.

a1300 Cursor Mundi 2842 Our lauerd raind o þam o-nan, Dun o lift, fire and brinstan [other MSS. brimston].

1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6746 Fire and brunstan and stormes with wynde.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 130 Þou gest in-to helle huer þou sselt yuinde ver and bernston.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xxi. 291 Brynston [v.r. brymston, bremston] boilaunt brennyng out-casteþ hit Al hot on here heuedes.

a1400 Cov. Myst. (1841) 308 In bras and in bronston [v.r. brenston] the brethellys be brent.

c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 683 Hoc fulgur, bornston.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 612 Lynt and hardis with brynstane [1489 Adv. bryntstane].

1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell 631 The blast of the byrnstone blew away his brayne.

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. iv. ix. f. 45/1 Byrnand flammys of Pik. Roset and Brintstane.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 860 Þe ffyre..was blasound of brunston with a brem lowe.

1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. i. xix. f. 54^v With brontstaine and fyre.

a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 570 Rake them like Sodom and Gomorrah In brunstane stoure.

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Brunstan, or Burnstan, burning-stone or brimstone.

β. a1300 Cursor Mundi 2888 Fir and brimstan was þe wrake.a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job xviii. 15 Brumston be sprengd in his tabernacle.c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Prol. & Tale 271 Sal Armonyak and the ferthe Brymstoon [v.r. brymston, brunston, bremston(e, bromstone].1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. iv. 96 Enoyncted with oyle and brymestone.1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Oi^v/2 Brimstone, sulphus.1611 Bible (King James) Rev. xix. 20 Both were cast aliue into a lake of fire burning with brimstone . 1672 R. Wild Let. Declar. Liberty Conscience 14 An itch, which is too hard for butter and brimstone to cure.1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues xli. 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery xvii. 149 Fire a large Match dipt in Brimstone.1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. iv. iv. 226 Every fiend may stink of brimstone.1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxix. 98 We..made a slow fire of charcoal, birch bark, brimstone, and other matters.1863 C. Kingsley Water-babies v. 207 She dosed them with..salts and senna, and brimstone and treacle.

2. vegetable brimstone: the inflammable spores of Lycopodium clavatum and Selago, sometimes employed in the manufacture of fireworks.

ΚΠ

1866 in J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot.

3. figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [noun]

heatc825

earnestOE

fervour1340

ardourc1386

fever heata1398

burning1398

lowea1425

fervencec1430

ferventnessc1430

flame1548

ardency1549

fervency1554

fire1579

calenture1596

inflammation1600

warmth1600

brimstonea1616

incandescence1656

fervidness1692

candency1723

glow1748

white heat1814

hwyl1899

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. ii. 19 To put fire in your Heart, and brimstone in your Liuer.

1709 H. Chandler Effort against Biggotry (ed. 2) 15 Such Mens new acquired Light having too much Brimstone in it.

1828 T. Carlyle in Foreign Rev. 1 438 Like a person of breeding, and without any flavour of brimstone.

4. A virago, a spit-fire. Cf. brim n.⁴

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > ill nature in woman or shrewishness > [noun] > shrew

scoldc1175

shrewc1386

viragoc1386

scolder1423

common scold1467

wild cat1570

vixen1575

callet1577

termagant1578

(Long) Meg of Westminster1589

butter whore1592

cotquean1593

scrattop1593

scoldsterc1600

butter-quean1613

Xantippea1616

fury1620

Tartar1669

fish-woman1698

cross-patch1699

Whitechapel fortune1734

brimstone1751

randy1762

fish-fag1786

rantipole1790

skellata1810

skimmington1813

targer1822

skellat-bell1827

catamaran1834

nagster1873

yenta1923

1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle I. vi. 48 She is not a drunkard..nor a brimstone, like Kate Coddle.

a1797 H. Walpole Wks. (1798) IV. 318 Oh! madam..do not you know what a brimstone of a wife he had?

1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller II. 29 A tragedy queen, and a brimstone to boot.

5. brimstone butterfly n. an early butterfly with wings of a sulphur colour, Gonepteryx Rhamni.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Pieridae > genus Gonepteryx > gonepteryx rhamni (sulphur butterfly)

brimstone butterfly1824

sulphur butterfly1879

1824 L. Jermyn Butterfly Collector's Vade Mecum *19 (table) Rhanni, Brimstone.

1860 P. H. Gosse Romance Nat. Hist. 5 The delicate ‘brimstone’ comes bounding over the fence.

Compounds

C1. Simple attributive. Of, pertaining to, or resembling brimstone.

ΚΠ

a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. D2 The most intollerable booke for coniuring that ere was inuented by any brimstone diuel.

1616 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Sat. 240 Flames begun By brimstone-plot.

1786 R. Burns Poems 28 An' bake them up in brunstane pies.

1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing I. i. i. iv. 67 A fine brimstone colour.

1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge vi. 271 Asserted his brimstone birth and parentage.

C2.

† brimstone marble n. Obsolete a preparation of sulphur in imitation of marble.

ΚΠ

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Brimstone Brimstone Marble, a preparation of brimstone in imitation of marble.

brimstone match n. a match or splinter of wood having its end dipped in brimstone.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > match, spill, or taper for lighting

wax tapera1398

match1519

brimstone match1594

card match1654

spunk1755

light1787

spill1821

lighter1828

candle-paper1829

fidibus1829

Promethean1829

sulphur-match1830

pipelight1842

candle-lighter1855

kitchen match1862

spiller1936

1594 H. Platt Diuers Chim. Concl. 15 The rest of the fats have not received..the brimstone match.

1657 T. Reeve God's Plea for Nineveh 23 The furnace-brand, the brimstone-match of that cursed man.

1742 J. T. Desaguliers in Philos. Trans. 1739–40 (Royal Soc.) 41 177 When Brimstone Matches are burning.

1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 299 Sulphuret of phosphorus..applied to a common brimstone match inflames when gently rubbed.

brimstone moth n. a species of moth of sulphur colour, Rumia cratægata.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Geometridae > opisthograptis luteolata

brimstone moth1859

1859 W. S. Coleman Our Woodlands 112 The curious twig-like caterpillars of the Brimstone Moth.

brimstone-wort n. a plant, Sulphur-wort, Peucedanum palustre (and officinale).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > hog's fennel and allies

swine's fennel?a1425

swine's finkle?a1450

hog's fennel1525

dog fennel1526

harstrang1562

mountain parsley1578

sow-fennel1578

sulphurwort1578

much good1597

rock parsley1597

milky parsley1640

brimstone-wort1678

marsh milkweed1787

milk parsley1787

sea sulphur-wort1807

sea sulphur-weed1850

sulphur-weed1850

sea hog's-fennel1855

1678 A. Littleton Linguæ Latinæ Liber Dictionarius Brimstone-wort, an herb, Peucedanum.

1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants 29 Brimstonewort, from its roots yielding, as W. Coles says, ‘a yellow sap which waxeth quickly hard, and dry, and smelleth not unlike to brimstone’.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	brimstone
释义	brimstonen. Brit. /ˈbrɪmstən/, /ˈbrɪmstəʊn/, U.S. /ˈbrɪmzˌtoʊn/, /ˈbrɪmˌstoʊn/ Forms: α. Middle English (?), Middle English brin-, brynstan(e, -ston(e, brenston, brenstoon, (Middle English Kent. bernston, northern bronstane, brunstan(e), Middle English–1500s brunston(e, Middle English–1500s bronston, 1500s byrnstone, brontstane, brint-, bryntstane, bryntstone, 1700s– Scottish brunstane. β. Middle English brimstan(e, brimston, brimstoon, brymston(e, brymstoon(e, ( brem-, brom-, brumstone, Middle English brymestone, 1600s brimestone), 1500s– brimstone; modern Scottish brumstane. Etymology: Middle English brin- , bren- , brun- , brimston , late Old English (12th cent.) brynstán (MS. Vesp. D. xiv, f. 163), apparently < bern-, brinn-, stems of burn v.¹ + stone n.; compare Old Norse brenni-steinn sulphur; also, for the form, Old English berne-lác burnt-offering. An identical formation in other Germanic languages (Middle Dutch and Middle Low German bernsteen , Dutch barnsteen , German bernstein ) is used with the sense ‘amber’. The transposition in bern- , bren- was inherited from the verb; the subsequent change to brim- may have been due to association with the adjective brim , breme adj. and adv. ‘fierce’: compare quot. c1400 at sense 1.The uncertainty of form in Middle English may be estimated by the fact that the printed ed. of Wyclif (Forshall and Madden) has in the two texts the following varieties: Genesis xix. 24 brenstoon, brynston; Deuteronomy xxix. 23 brimstoon, brymston; Job xviii. 15 brumston, brymston; Psalm x. 7 brunston, brymston; Isaiah xxx. 33 brunston, brymstoon. 1. Formerly the common vernacular name for sulphur n. and adj. Now used chiefly when referring to its inflammable character, and to the biblical use in Genesis xix. 24 and Revelation xix. 20; or in speaking of old-fashioned prescriptions, as ‘brimstone and treacle’. Cf. fire and brimstone n. and int. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > a combustible substance > [noun] > specific brimstonea1300 salamander stone1583 stubblea1591 the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > sulphur > [noun] brimstonea1300 swivel1307 brinfira1325 sulphura1393 kibrit1706 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [noun] > going or setting on fire > going on fire > an inflammable substance > specific brimstonea1300 brinfira1325 α. a1300 Cursor Mundi 2842 Our lauerd raind o þam o-nan, Dun o lift, fire and brinstan [other MSS. brimston]. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6746 Fire and brunstan and stormes with wynde. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 130 Þou gest in-to helle huer þou sselt yuinde ver and bernston. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xxi. 291 Brynston [v.r. brymston, bremston] boilaunt brennyng out-casteþ hit Al hot on here heuedes. a1400 Cov. Myst. (1841) 308 In bras and in bronston [v.r. brenston] the brethellys be brent. c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 683 Hoc fulgur, bornston. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 612 Lynt and hardis with brynstane [1489 Adv. bryntstane]. 1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell 631 The blast of the byrnstone blew away his brayne. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. iv. ix. f. 45/1 Byrnand flammys of Pik. Roset and Brintstane. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 860 Þe ffyre..was blasound of brunston with a brem lowe. 1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. i. xix. f. 54^v With brontstaine and fyre. a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 570 Rake them like Sodom and Gomorrah In brunstane stoure. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Brunstan, or Burnstan, burning-stone or brimstone. β. a1300 Cursor Mundi 2888 Fir and brimstan was þe wrake.a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job xviii. 15 Brumston be sprengd in his tabernacle.c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Prol. & Tale 271 Sal Armonyak and the ferthe Brymstoon [v.r. brymston, brunston, bremston(e, bromstone].1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. iv. 96 Enoyncted with oyle and brymestone.1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Oi^v/2 Brimstone, sulphus.1611 Bible (King James) Rev. xix. 20 Both were cast aliue into a lake of fire burning with brimstone . View more context for this quotation1672 R. Wild Let. Declar. Liberty Conscience 14 An itch, which is too hard for butter and brimstone to cure.1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues xli. 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery xvii. 149 Fire a large Match dipt in Brimstone.1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. iv. iv. 226 Every fiend may stink of brimstone.1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxix. 98 We..made a slow fire of charcoal, birch bark, brimstone, and other matters.1863 C. Kingsley Water-babies v. 207 She dosed them with..salts and senna, and brimstone and treacle. 2. vegetable brimstone: the inflammable spores of Lycopodium clavatum and Selago, sometimes employed in the manufacture of fireworks. ΚΠ 1866 in J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. 3. figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > [noun] heatc825 earnestOE fervour1340 ardourc1386 fever heata1398 burning1398 lowea1425 fervencec1430 ferventnessc1430 flame1548 ardency1549 fervency1554 fire1579 calenture1596 inflammation1600 warmth1600 brimstonea1616 incandescence1656 fervidness1692 candency1723 glow1748 white heat1814 hwyl1899 a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. ii. 19 To put fire in your Heart, and brimstone in your Liuer. View more context for this quotation 1709 H. Chandler Effort against Biggotry (ed. 2) 15 Such Mens new acquired Light having too much Brimstone in it. 1828 T. Carlyle in Foreign Rev. 1 438 Like a person of breeding, and without any flavour of brimstone. 4. A virago, a spit-fire. Cf. brim n.⁴ ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > ill nature in woman or shrewishness > [noun] > shrew scoldc1175 shrewc1386 viragoc1386 scolder1423 common scold1467 wild cat1570 vixen1575 callet1577 termagant1578 (Long) Meg of Westminster1589 butter whore1592 cotquean1593 scrattop1593 scoldsterc1600 butter-quean1613 Xantippea1616 fury1620 Tartar1669 fish-woman1698 cross-patch1699 Whitechapel fortune1734 brimstone1751 randy1762 fish-fag1786 rantipole1790 skellata1810 skimmington1813 targer1822 skellat-bell1827 catamaran1834 nagster1873 yenta1923 1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle I. vi. 48 She is not a drunkard..nor a brimstone, like Kate Coddle. a1797 H. Walpole Wks. (1798) IV. 318 Oh! madam..do not you know what a brimstone of a wife he had? 1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller II. 29 A tragedy queen, and a brimstone to boot. 5. brimstone butterfly n. an early butterfly with wings of a sulphur colour, Gonepteryx Rhamni. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Pieridae > genus Gonepteryx > gonepteryx rhamni (sulphur butterfly) brimstone butterfly1824 sulphur butterfly1879 1824 L. Jermyn Butterfly Collector's Vade Mecum 19 (table) Rhanni, Brimstone. 1860 P. H. Gosse Romance Nat. Hist.* 5 The delicate ‘brimstone’ comes bounding over the fence. Compounds C1. Simple attributive. Of, pertaining to, or resembling brimstone. ΚΠ a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. D2 The most intollerable booke for coniuring that ere was inuented by any brimstone diuel. 1616 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Sat. 240 Flames begun By brimstone-plot. 1786 R. Burns Poems 28 An' bake them up in brunstane pies. 1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing I. i. i. iv. 67 A fine brimstone colour. 1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge vi. 271 Asserted his brimstone birth and parentage. C2. † brimstone marble n. Obsolete a preparation of sulphur in imitation of marble. ΚΠ 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Brimstone Brimstone Marble, a preparation of brimstone in imitation of marble. brimstone match n. a match or splinter of wood having its end dipped in brimstone. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > match, spill, or taper for lighting wax tapera1398 match1519 brimstone match1594 card match1654 spunk1755 light1787 spill1821 lighter1828 candle-paper1829 fidibus1829 Promethean1829 sulphur-match1830 pipelight1842 candle-lighter1855 kitchen match1862 spiller1936 1594 H. Platt Diuers Chim. Concl. 15 The rest of the fats have not received..the brimstone match. 1657 T. Reeve God's Plea for Nineveh 23 The furnace-brand, the brimstone-match of that cursed man. 1742 J. T. Desaguliers in Philos. Trans. 1739–40 (Royal Soc.) 41 177 When Brimstone Matches are burning. 1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 299 Sulphuret of phosphorus..applied to a common brimstone match inflames when gently rubbed. brimstone moth n. a species of moth of sulphur colour, Rumia cratægata. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Geometridae > opisthograptis luteolata brimstone moth1859 1859 W. S. Coleman Our Woodlands 112 The curious twig-like caterpillars of the Brimstone Moth. brimstone-wort n. a plant, Sulphur-wort, Peucedanum palustre (and officinale). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > hog's fennel and allies swine's fennel?a1425 swine's finkle?a1450 hog's fennel1525 dog fennel1526 harstrang1562 mountain parsley1578 sow-fennel1578 sulphurwort1578 much good1597 rock parsley1597 milky parsley1640 brimstone-wort1678 marsh milkweed1787 milk parsley1787 sea sulphur-wort1807 sea sulphur-weed1850 sulphur-weed1850 sea hog's-fennel1855 1678 A. Littleton Linguæ Latinæ Liber Dictionarius Brimstone-wort, an herb, Peucedanum. 1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants 29 Brimstonewort, from its roots yielding, as W. Coles says, ‘a yellow sap which waxeth quickly hard, and dry, and smelleth not unlike to brimstone’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1300
随便看	doggerpink doggerprivateer doggerrigged doggers doggersands doggery doggess doggesses doggie doggier doggies doggiest dogginess dogging dogging moor doggings doggish doggish appetite doggish letter down cycles down dog down east down feather down flat down ganging