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单词 bring
释义

bringv.

Brit. /brɪŋ/, U.S. /brɪŋ/
Forms: Past tense and Past participle brought /brɔːt/. Forms: infinitive Old English bringan, brengan, Middle English bringen, Middle English–1500s bringe, bryngen, Middle English–1500s brynge, Middle English–1600s bryng, Middle English– bring, (Middle English bringhe, brynke, Middle English brengen, Middle English breng, Middle English bryngyn). past tense Old English–Middle English bróhte, Middle English brochte, Middle English broȝte, brouhte, Middle English brouȝt(e, broȝt, broht, browȝt, browghte, ( brohut), Middle English–1500s broughte, Middle English–1600s broght, Middle English browte, Middle English– brought, (1500s brohute, Spenser braught, 1500s– Scottish brocht, 1800s dialect brong, brung). past participle Old English–Middle English bróht, Middle English broucht, Middle English ybroȝt, ibrouȝt, Middle English brout, browt, browht, brouȝt, brouht, Middle English broȝt, ( brouth), Middle English–1500s broght, ybrought, Middle English ibrowghte, ( bryght), Middle English–1500s browght, broughte, Middle English– brought, (1500s broft, browte, ibrout, browth, 1500s– Scottish brocht, 1800s dialect brung).
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Common Germanic: Old English bring-an, bręngean (past tense bróhte, participle bróht), corresponding to Old Frisian branga, bringa, Old Saxon brengian, bringan (Middle Dutch brenghen, Dutch brengen), Old High German bringan (Middle High German and modern German bringen), Gothic briggan (= bringan), past tense brâhta, participle brâhts. Beside the type bring-an, the Saxon group has also *brangjan, bręngian, bręngean, bręngan, apparently after þankjan; < bringan, Old English had also a rare strong past participle brungen (modern dialect brung), to which later dialects have added a strong past tense, so as to conjugate, bring, brang, brung. The stem is not known outside of Germanic.
1. To cause to come along with oneself; to fetch. It includes ‘lead’ or ‘conduct’ (French amener) as well as ‘carry’ (French apporter); it implies motion towards the place where the speaker or auditor is, or is supposed to be, being in sense the causative of come; motion in the opposite direction is expressed by take (French emmener, emporter).
a. by carrying or bearing in one's hand, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > transference > bringing > bring [verb (transitive)]
bringc950
firkOE
cairc1400
arrive1489
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come into [verb (transitive)] > bring in
bringc950
inbringc1000
embringc1325
inveigh1486
importa1529
introduct1570
introduce1639
in1825
wheel1970
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. John ii. 8 Dæleð nu & brengeð ðæm aldormen.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 101 Ða ileafullen brohton heore gersum.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 47 Hie brohte þat child mid hire in to þe temple.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 90 Nebrochten ha him to Present ne win. ne ale. ne water.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 211 Þe messager þet none lettres ne brengþ.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21588 To rome men suld a-noþer breng.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Dviiv They solde their possessions, & brought the price therof.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 96 I..shall in Triumph come From conquer'd Greece, and bring her Trophies home. View more context for this quotation
1728 A. Pope Dunciad ii. 336 The pond'rous books two gentle Readers bring.
1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) I. 335 He was to bring his shield home, or to be borne upon it.
1885 H. O. Forbes Naturalist's Wanderings Eastern Archipel. iii. viii. 258 The flotsam harvest which the river was continually bringing down.
b. by leading, conducting, propelling, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > transference > bringing > bring [verb (transitive)] > specifically by leading or propelling
bringOE
OE Beowulf (Gr.) 1829 Ic ðe þusenda þegna bringe.
c1175 Cott. Hom. 221 God þa hine brohte into paradis.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 738 Ðu fare..To a lond ic ðe sal bringen hin.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5182 Ha yee broght him wit you hider?
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3832 His doghtur yonder..Bringand his beistes till þe well.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Lii Bryng to me the wyldest bull that is.
1565–73 T. Cooper Lat. Dict. Subducere naues, to draw or bring ships to land.
1631 T. Heywood Fair Maid of West: 1st Pt. iii. 40 There's a prise Brought into Famouth Road.
1747 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. I. 192 These two princes, bringing with them a number of their vassals.
1884 W. Black Judith Shakespeare xxxiii The horses were now brought round.
1885 H. O. Forbes Naturalist's Wanderings Eastern Archipel. iii. viii. 258 At length a bend of the river brought me in sight of the European..quarter of the city.
c. as by an attractive force.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > motivation > attraction, allurement, or enticement > attract, allure, or entice [verb (transitive)]
teec888
tightc1000
drawc1175
tollc1220
till?c1225
ticec1275
bringc1300
entice1303
win1303
wina1340
tempt1340
misdrawa1382
wooa1387
lure1393
trainc1425
allurea1450
attract?a1475
lock1481
enlure1486
attice1490
allect1518
illect?1529
wind1538
disarm1553
call1564
troll1565
embait1567
alliciate1568
slock1594
enamour1600
court1602
inescate1602
fool1620
illure1638
magnetize1658
trepana1661
solicit1665
whistle1665
drill1669
inveigh1670
siren1690
allicit1724
wisea1810
come-hither1954
c1300 Beket 488 The Kynges coronement that so moche folc ibroȝte there.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 141 What Buis'ness brought thee to my dark abode? View more context for this quotation
1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. xiv. 844 For mere purposes of social enjoyment men were brought into contact, who..had nothing in common.
1888 N.E.D. at Bring Mod. What brings him here?
d. Colloquial phrase to bring home the bacon (figurative): to succeed in an undertaking; to achieve success.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed or be a success [verb (intransitive)] > achieve success (of persons)
speed993
achievec1300
escheve?a1400
succeed1509
to turn up trumps1595
fadge1611
to nick ita1637
to hit the mark (also nail, needle, pin)1655
to get on1768
to reap, win one's laurels1819
to go a long way1859
win out1861
score1882
to make it1885
to make a ten-strike1887
to make the grade1912
to make good1914
to bring home the bacon1924
to go places1931
1924 P. G. Wodehouse Ukridge viii It may be that my bit will turn out to be just the trifle that brings home the bacon.
1928 Daily Express 10 Aug. 3/5 If I fail to ‘bring home the bacon’ I will give £10 to any charity selected by your ladyship.
1946 P. Larkin Jill 33 The College takes a number of fellows like him to keep up the tone..but they look to us to bring home t' bacon.
†2. To convoy, escort, accompany (a person) on his way. Obsolete exc. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > show (the way) [verb (transitive)] > bring or take to a place
leadc825
conveya1375
accompany1426
bringa1500
assist1525
associate1548
hand1590
commit1598
see1603
to set out1725
set1740
trot1888
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin i. 20 He brought the on wey hider-warde a grete part.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iii. ii. 3 Ile bring you thither my lord, if youle vouchsafe me. View more context for this quotation
1611 C. Tourneur Atheist's Trag. (new ed.) ii. sig. D4v The skie is darke, wee'l bring you o'er the fields.
1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xviii. 16 Abraham went with them, to bring them on the way. View more context for this quotation
1862 W. Barnes Rhymes Dorset Dial. I. 18 (note) To bring woone gwain: to bring one going; to bring one on his way.
3.
a. to bring an answer, bring word, bring tidings, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > news or tidings > bring (news) [verb (transitive)]
to bring an answerOE
report1490
OE Genesis 651 He þa bysene from gode brungen hæfde.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17920 Comen am I..Bodeworde of him for to bryng.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3965 Þe messag[er]s him broght answar.
c1440 Syr Gener. 2195 They brought hym word ayenward thei were comyng.
?a1500 Adam Bel 441 in J. Ritson Pieces Anc. Pop. Poetry (1791) 22 He shall you breng worde agayn.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. iii. 37 I brought you word an houre since, that the Barke Expedition put forth to night.
1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 83. 1274 (advt.) The party that brings tidings of him.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Sea Dreams 258 She brought strange news.
†b. elliptical. = bring word at sense 3a, report. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > reporting > report [verb (transitive)] > bring word
bring1604
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 154 + 2 Young Ostricke, who brings backe to him that you attend him in the hall.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xiv. 10 Hence Mardian, And bring me how he takes my dea[t]h to'th'Monument. View more context for this quotation
4.
a. figurative, and in such expressions as to bring tears into the eyes, to bring a blush to the cheek, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > weeping > weep for [verb (transitive)] > bring tears to
rheumatize1593
to bring tears into the eyes1849
a1000 Metr. Boeth. xi. 59 Winter bringeð weder ungemet cald.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 258 He mai blisse bringe.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 157 To bringen a lachtre hare ondfule laured.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xlv. 5 Y shal bringe euel vp on eche flesh, seith the Lord.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xlv[i]. 8 What destruccions he hath brought vpon ye earth.
1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 207. ⁋2 Every hour brings additions.
1849 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis (1850) I. xxxv. 341 Those lines..brought tears into the Duchess's eyes.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam ii. 2 The seasons bring the flower again, And bring the firstling to the flock. View more context for this quotation
1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 20 To persuade us that the occasion invariably brings the leader whom its conditions require.
b. of things or actions bringing their results or consequences: To cause one to have, to procure.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring about a state or condition in, on, or to > in or to a person
makeOE
bringa1500
effecta1616
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xiv. 229 A thynge that brought hym more mys-ese.
1574 J. Baret Aluearie B 1199 Liberall studies bring refuge and comfort in aduersitie.
1577 M. Hanmer tr. Socrates Scholasticus ii. xxiv, in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. 275 A pillour resembling the forme of a crosse..bringing great admiration to the beholders.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 222 Cursed houres Which forced marriage would haue brought vpon her. View more context for this quotation
1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 49 Rashness,..and willful Folly, bringing after them many Inconveniences and Sufferings.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Miller's Daughter (rev. ed.) in Poems (new ed.) I. 113 The loss that brought us pain.
†5. To deduce, derive, infer. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > reason, faculty of reasoning > process of reasoning, ratiocination > process of inferring, inference > infer, conclude [verb (transitive)]
concludec1374
takec1400
to drive outc1443
drive1447
derive1509
reasona1527
deduce1529
include1529
infer1529
gather1535
deduct?1551
induce1563
pick1565
fetch1567
collect1581
decide1584
bring1605
to take up1662
1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 56 Hadrian, Lat... Gesner bringeth it from the Greeke Ἁδρὸς, Grosse or wealthie.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. v. 77 Whereas hee, From Iohn of Gaunt doth bring his Pedigree. View more context for this quotation
1692 J. Ray Misc. Disc. v. 136 I shall bring them from higher or more remote Causes.
1726 J. Swift Cadenus & Vanessa 15 Conclusions..From Premisses erroneous brought.
6.
a. To prefer or lay (a charge or accusation); to institute, set on foot (an action at law); to advance, adduce (a statement or argument).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > carry on or institute (an action) [verb (transitive)]
bringc1000
move1379
pursue1384
leada1400
suea1422
raise1436
maintain1456
conceive1467
persecute1483
implead1554
suscitate1560
solicit?a1562
intenda1578
intent1630
society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > accusation, allegation, or indictment > charge, accuse, or indict [verb (transitive)] > bring (a charge or accusation)
bringc1000
presenta1325
pretend1398
labour1439
pursue1530–1
subsume1601
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John xviii. 29 Hwylce wrohte bringe ge ongean þysne man.
1382 J. Wyclif Bible: John xviii. 29 What accusing brynge ȝe aȝens this man?
1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. iv A wrytte of ryght yt a man bryngeth.
1663 S. Pepys Diary 14 June (1971) IV. 184 Sir J. Mennes brought many fine expressions of Chaucer.
1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time II The story he had sworn against the queen: which he brought only to make it probable that Wakeman..was in it.
1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 197 If he..puts in his claim and brings his action within a reasonable time.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. iii. 121 An indictment may be brought as well as an action.
1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 128 Arguments..brought by his companions in their..master's justification.
1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 302 He brings a wonderful accusation against me.
b. to bring home: see home adv. 4a.
ΚΠ
1795 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) II. 104 I..demand..that the person..do fully, and expressly bring home his charge.
1871 R. H. Hutton Ess. (1877) I. 34 The import of his action is brought home to him with the most vivid conviction.
7.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
a. = to bring forth at Phrasal verbs: to give birth to, bear.
b. = to bring in at Phrasal verbs: to produce, yield, ‘fetch’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land raising crops > [verb (transitive)] > produce
yielda1400
bring?1523
servea1577
grow1825
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxviiiv The damme of the calfe shall..bring another by the same tyme of the yere.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Hab. iii. C The londe shall bringe no corne.
1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. i. 34 What is worth in any thing, But so much money as 'twill bring?
1779 S. Johnson Waller in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets I. 7 It was written when she had brought many children.
1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc ii. 141 At one birth She brought the brethren.
1831 J. M. Peck Guide for Emigrants 47 The bottoms..will bring three or four crops of corn without manure.
a1832 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XXII. 365/2 They [sc. ferrets] breed twice a year, bringing five or six at a time.
1843 Amer. Pioneer 2 172 The moose is an animal similar to the deer... They usually bring two young at a time.
c. to bring into the world: see world n. Phrases 5a.
8. figurative. To cause to come from, into, out of, to, etc. a certain state or condition, or to be or do something; to cause to become.Especially with prepositional and other phrases which are used also with come and be, and other verbs, most of which will be found under the noun or other word in question.
a. with on, in (obsolete), into:
as to bring in good estate, debt, a plight; in dread, fear, in or on sleep (later a-sleep; see 8e); in doubt, in hate, in question, in wit; on day (= to light), in or on life's day (= to life); into bands, difficulties, trouble; into action, harmony, contact, shape, etc.
ΚΠ
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 491 The King adde Normandie in god stat ibrouȝt al.
a1300 Cursor Mundi 615 In bale he broght vs and in care.
1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. II. 403 Pelias brouȝte Iason in witte [L. suadet Jasoni] for to fette þe goldene flees.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) vi. iv. 191 Nouryces brynge the chyldren softely..on slepe.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Judges Contents xvi Dalila..bryngeth him in dotage.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13804 He was drecchit in a dreame, & in dred broght.
1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia i. sig. Bviiv Yowe shal bring yowre selfe in a verye good case.
1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. x. 75 To bring them selues into hatred.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. xii. sig. Kk4v Yet none of them could euer bring him into band. View more context for this quotation
1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 260 Brought many of them into bands and other great dangers.
1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iv. 75 Persons..by a Course of Vice, they bring themselves into new Difficulties.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) II. 402 It hath formerly been attempted to be brought in question.
1854 H. Vicars in Memorials viii. 162 Every thought brought into obedience to him.
1863 E. V. Neale Analogy Thought & Nature 191 All others, with which it is brought into accordance.
b. with from, of, out of:
as †to bring of, to bring out of, life or life's day (formerly o lifes dawe, o dawe, adaw, corruptly on daw: cf. adawe adv.) = to kill; out of order, shape, tune; out of patience, temper.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > disorder > [verb (transitive)]
perturbc1385
disarraya1387
disordain1398
disjointc1420
disorder1477
mistemperc1485
commovec1500
deraign?a1513
distempera1513
misordera1513
bring1523
turmoil1542
unframe1574
disrank1602
discompose1611
luxate1623
disframec1629
disjoin1630
disconcert1632
untune1638
un-nacka1657
dislocatea1661
unhinge1664
deconcert1715
disarrange1744
derange1777
unadjust1785
mess1823
discombobulate1825
tevel1825
malagruze1864
to muck up1875
untrim1884
unbalance1892
the world > space > shape > misshapenness > put out of shape [verb (transitive)]
deformc1400
misshapec1450
misshapenc1450
misform1483
misfashiona1525
bring1530
misfigure1563
disjoint1638
dislocate1660
forshape1884
a1300 Cursor Mundi 1072 Wid murther he broght his broþer o lijf.
c1305 Jud. Iscariot in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 109 Ȝut were his fader betere habbe ibroȝt him of dawe.
c1305 St. Kenelm 93 in Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. 50 If heo miȝte bringe þat child of lyfdawe.
a1400 Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 990/356* We wend þat he alle Israel of woo suld haf broght.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7808 Þat i suld him bring o dau [Fairf. on liues dawe].
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5096 Þis hunger tide, þat sal bath mani man and wijf..bring o þair lijf.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxvi. 301 They were discomfyted, and brought out of ordre by force of armes.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 469/1 His great crammyng in of meate hath brought him out of shape.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 468/2 I can bring hym out of pacyence with the waggyng of a strawe.
1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 62 They bringe a man from the use of reason.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. ii. 243 Thou bring'st me out of tune. View more context for this quotation
c. with to:
as to bring to a close, end, head, issue, pitch; to bearings, cure, rights; to death, hardness, idleness, mischief, nought, obedience, shame; to account, book, hand, light, trial; to mind, reason, recollection, remembrance; to bed (see bed n. Phrases 1); to oneself (= to one's senses).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)]
swevec725
quelmeOE
slayc893
quelleOE
of-falleOE
ofslayeOE
aquellc950
ayeteeOE
spillc950
beliveOE
to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE
fordoa1000
forfarea1000
asweveOE
drepeOE
forleseOE
martyrOE
to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE
bringc1175
off-quellc1175
quenchc1175
forswelta1225
adeadc1225
to bring of daysc1225
to do to deathc1225
to draw (a person) to deathc1225
murder?c1225
aslayc1275
forferec1275
to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275
martyrc1300
strangle1303
destroya1325
misdoa1325
killc1330
tailc1330
to take the life of (also fro)c1330
enda1340
to kill to (into, unto) death1362
brittena1375
deadc1374
to ding to deathc1380
mortifya1382
perisha1387
to dight to death1393
colea1400
fella1400
kill out (away, down, up)a1400
to slay up or downa1400
swelta1400
voida1400
deliverc1400
starvec1425
jugylc1440
morta1450
to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480
to put offc1485
to-slaya1500
to make away with1502
to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503
rida1513
to put downa1525
to hang out of the way1528
dispatch?1529
strikea1535
occidea1538
to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540
to fling to deathc1540
extinct1548
to make out of the way1551
to fet offa1556
to cut offc1565
to make away?1566
occise1575
spoil1578
senda1586
to put away1588
exanimate1593
unmortalize1593
speed1594
unlive1594
execute1597
dislive1598
extinguish1598
to lay along1599
to make hence1605
conclude1606
kill off1607
disanimate1609
feeze1609
to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611
to kill dead1615
transporta1616
spatch1616
to take off1619
mactate1623
to make meat of1632
to turn up1642
inanimate1647
pop1649
enecate1657
cadaverate1658
expedite1678
to make dog's meat of1679
to make mincemeat of1709
sluice1749
finisha1753
royna1770
still1778
do1780
deaden1807
deathifyc1810
to lay out1829
cool1833
to use up1833
puckeroo1840
to rub out1840
cadaverize1841
to put under the sod1847
suicide1852
outkill1860
to fix1875
to put under1879
corpse1884
stiffen1888
tip1891
to do away with1899
to take out1900
stretch1902
red-light1906
huff1919
to knock rotten1919
skittle1919
liquidate1924
clip1927
to set over1931
creasea1935
ice1941
lose1942
to put to sleep1942
zap1942
hit1955
to take down1967
wax1968
trash1973
ace1975
the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > fail in [verb (transitive)] > cause to fail
bringc1175
abort?1548
foil1548
ruin1593
to throw out1821
to put a person's pot on1864
mucker1869
collapse1883
to fix (someone's) wagon1951
the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] > bring to an end or conclusion > bring to a final point or issue
to bring, come, etc., to the (or an) upshot1604
issue1650
to draw to a head1678
bring1711
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 103 Þan men..to deþe bringeð.
c1230 Hali Meid. 15 Þat ti wil were ibroht to werke.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 376 Þat hii nere to ssame ybroȝt.
c1305 St. Lucy in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 101 Dame Entice hire moder..þat hire to womman brouȝte.
c1340 Ayenb. 128 Þe holy gost..þe seneȝere..brengþ ayen to him-zelue.
c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iii. ii. 99 Alle thinges ben referred and browht to nowht.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 20122 Þe seke brouȝte she to bedde [Vesp. broght to þair bedd].
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12759 His sermon þat maniman broght to resun.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 51 Brynge to mynde, reminiscor.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 468/2 He fell in so great a swoune that we all had ynoughe a do to bring hym to hym selfe.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 470/1 Tyme bringeth the truthe to lyght.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Mark viii. 26 He was brought to right againe & sawe all clearly.
1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 1 Certaine worthy men haue been brought to vntimely death.
1630 P. Massinger Renegado i. iii. sig. C4v Are you amazde I'le bring you to your selfe.
1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 88. 1343 All things now seem to bee brought to a good head.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 89. ¶1 He hoped that Matters would have been long since brought to an issue.
1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. vii. 159 You will never bring me to your Beck.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. ii. iv. 104 Mrs. Partridge was, at length..brought to herself. View more context for this quotation
1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 89 Lest..the guardian should have received the value, and not brought it to account.
1806 Canning Fragm. Oration 4 I'm like a young lady just bringing to bed.
1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. lvi. 161 The prosecutors brought Demosthenes to trial first.
1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. xv. 131 I'll bring this young man to book.
1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 402 There is no greater pleasure than to have Socrates brought to my recollection.
1882 R. L. Stevenson Familiar Stud. Men & Bks. (1886) 58 Jean was brought to bed of twins.
d. with under, upon:
as to bring under the hand of, under foot; upon one's knees, etc.
ΚΠ
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Judges iii. 30 Thus were the Moabites broughte vnder the hande of the children of Israel.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bryng vnder obeysaunce or subiection.
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. ii. ix. 182 Antiochus thus brought vnderfoot.
1652 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 134. 2078 I hope a short time will bring them all upon their knees.
e. with adjectives and their equivalents:
as to bring acquainted, low; formerly also at one, clean, faulty, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] > bring to an end or conclusion > appropriately or perfectly
rounda1616
bring1680
to round off1748
to round in1822
c1386 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 253 Oure lynage..That is so lowe y-brought by tyrannye.
?a1400 Morte Arth. 1093 I..was of blysse i-browghte alle bare.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xii. 11 To the entent that he shuld bryng hym on that case fauty.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) lxxix. sig. Uv He brought aslepe who so euer he touched.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. Gg.vjv I shall bryng thee at one with the Senate.
1668 T. Shadwell Sullen Lovers i. 8 I'll..bring you Acquainted with this Lady.
1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. xii. 211 If you have not at first brought your Work clean.
1681 R. Knox Hist. Relation Ceylon Pref. He will bring you acquainted with the Inhabitants.
1703 J. Savage tr. Select Coll. Lett. Antients xlv. 110 The Distemper..which brought you so low.
1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 93 Bringing men acquainted with every humor of fortune.
f. with subordinate clause (obsolete) or infinitive:
as to bring to be, bear, boil, to bring to pass (= bring about, cause to happen).
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)]
wieldeOE
timberc897
letc900
rearOE
doOE
i-wendeOE
workOE
makeOE
bringc1175
raisec1175
shapec1315
to owe (also have) a wold (also on wield)a1325
procurec1330
purchasec1330
causec1340
conform1377
performa1382
excite1398
induce1413
occasionate?c1450
occasionc1454
to bring about1480
gara1500
to bring to passc1513
encause1527
to work out1534
inferc1540
excitate?1549
import1550
ycause1563
frame1576
effect1581
to bring in1584
effectuatea1586
apport?1591
introduce1605
create1607
generate1607
cast1633
efficiate1639
conciliate1646
impetrate1647
state1654
accompass1668
to bring to bear1668
to bring on1671
effectivate1717
makee1719
superinduce1837
birth1913
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 17 Bide for him..þet crist hine bringe þet he icherre from þan uuelnesse.
a1300 Cursor Mundi 1578 Was nan þam moght bring to reclaim.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Wisd. x. 11 Wyszdome..brought to passe the thinges that he wente aboute.
1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. N8v If it could be brought to passe.
1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne ii. 66 Him it foretels, and scornes, nor will be broft [rhyme soft] To bend.
1690 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 70 Our men brought some of our guns to bear.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 135 I brought the Plank to be about three Inches thick.
1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 85 It is..harder to bring the heavy acid of vitriol to boil.
9. To cause (a person or oneself) to come (to a certain course of action, etc.); to induce, persuade, prevail upon.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)]
leada1225
accoya1375
form1399
persuadec1450
persuadec1487
practise1524
temper1525
work1532
suade1548
perduce1563
to draw on1567
overdraw1603
possess1607
bring1611
sway1625
tickle1677
tamper1687
to touch up1796
to put the comether on someone1818
1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 1 Certaine..could not be brought for a long time to give way to good Letters.
1666 S. Pepys Diary 28 July (1972) VII. 224 All children love fruit, and none brought to flesh but against their wills at first.
1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome Commod. i. 196 She could not bring her self to give Crispina the Precedence.
1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) I. 209 They could not bring themselves to believe, that etc.
1844 D. W. Jerrold Chron. Clovernook in Illuminated Mag. 2 209/1 A woman may be brought to forgive bigamy, but not a joke.
10.
a. Nautical. To cause to come or go into a certain position or direction; chiefly in phrases: to bring by the board (see board n. 12b); to bring by the lee (see lee n.1); bring to the wind (see wind n.1).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > cause to suffer shipwreck [verb (transitive)] > lose (spars, sails, or rigging) > break off masts or spars
to bring by the board1695
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > get into the current of the wind [verb (transitive)] > luff or turn to windward
luffa1616
to throw (a ship) up in (also into, on) the wind1750
bring to the wind1836
round1852
1695 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 437 The French..had his main mast brought by the board before he struck.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 226 Her Mainmast and Foremast were brought by the Board; that is to say, broken short off.
1836 F. Marryat Mr. Midshipman Easy II. iii. 74 Gascoigne went to the helm, brought the boat up to the wind.
1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 293 I was awoke by the ship being brought to the wind.
†b. to bring aboard: to bring to land. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > transport by water [verb (transitive)] > put off or discharge (from) a ship
landa1300
uncharge13..
dischargec1384
lightc1400
unladec1436
unshipa1450
loss1482
disbark1552
defreight1555
unbark1555
disload1568
inshore1577
unfreight1580
disembark1582
to bring aboarda1600
unload1599
dislade1609
shore?1615
unliver1637
debark1655
to take offa1688
a1600 Mar. of Wit & Wisd. Prol. (Shaks. Soc.) 6 Then Fancy frames effects to bring his braine aborde, And shelue his ship in hauens mouth.

Phrasal verbs

Combined with adverbs. (See also sense 1, and the adverbs, for the non-specialized combinations. bring together: see sense 1 and together adv., prep., n., and adj.) to bring about
1. To cause to happen, bring to pass, occasion, accomplish, effect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)]
wieldeOE
timberc897
letc900
rearOE
doOE
i-wendeOE
workOE
makeOE
bringc1175
raisec1175
shapec1315
to owe (also have) a wold (also on wield)a1325
procurec1330
purchasec1330
causec1340
conform1377
performa1382
excite1398
induce1413
occasionate?c1450
occasionc1454
to bring about1480
gara1500
to bring to passc1513
encause1527
to work out1534
inferc1540
excitate?1549
import1550
ycause1563
frame1576
effect1581
to bring in1584
effectuatea1586
apport?1591
introduce1605
create1607
generate1607
cast1633
efficiate1639
conciliate1646
impetrate1647
state1654
accompass1668
to bring to bear1668
to bring on1671
effectivate1717
makee1719
superinduce1837
birth1913
the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > achieve or effect
helpc1410
obtain?a1425
procurec1425
practise?a1439
upholdc1450
furnish1477
to bring about1480
to bring to passc1513
conduce1518
contrive1530
to make good1535
moyen1560
effect1581
effectuatea1586
to level out1606
operate1637
to carry offa1640
efficiate1639
work1761
engineer1831
1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. cciv. 186 Yf that thyng myght be brought aboute.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin i. 7 The deuell was right gladde that he hadde brought this a-bouten.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 466/1 I bringe aboute my purpose.
1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper i. 12 To bring his ends, and designes about.
1707 J. Freind Acct. Earl of Peterborow's Conduct in Spain 200 A revolt had been brought about in the city of Valencia.
1753 World No. 20. 107 Another proof of what people of fashion may bring about.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 239 He..had borne a chief part in bringing about the marriage.
1876 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. iv. 239 An accommodation was hardly brought about when Lewis died.
1876 J. H. Newman Hist. Sketches I. i. iii. 139 The atrocities of the Greeks brought about a retaliation from the Latins.
†2. To cause to come round or make a complete revolution; to complete. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)]
to make an endc893
afilleOE
endc975
fullOE
full-doOE
full-workOE
fullendOE
fullfremeOE
full-forthlOE
fillc1175
fulfilc1300
complec1315
asum1340
full-make1340
performa1382
finisha1400
accomplishc1405
cheve1426
upwindc1440
perfurnish?c1450
sumc1450
perimplish1468
explete?a1475
fullcome1477
consume1483
consomme1489
perimplenish1499
perfect1512
perfinish1523
complete1530
consummate1530
do1549
to run out1553
perfectionate1570
win1573
outwork1590
to bring about1598
exedifya1617
to do up1654
ratifyc1720
ultimate1849
terminate1857
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 790 There stay vntill the twelue Celestiall Signes Haue brought about the annuall reckoning. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) ii. v. 27 How many Houres brings about the Day. View more context for this quotation
3. To turn round; also figurative to reverse, convert.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > direction > direct [verb (transitive)] > turn (something) to a (different) direction > turn round
bewendc1000
beturn?c1225
to turn rounda1560
to bring about1680
round1890
the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > change of direction, reversion > change back [verb (transitive)]
reversea1393
converta1425
undo1426
unmakec1450
recommencea1513
unweave1542
mismake1575
resubstantiate1584
unspin1587
remit1591
retrievea1596
remetamorphose1598
remorphize1603
reconvert1609
unlive1621
unravel1637
relapse1652
to bring about1680
uncoin1833
unpay1842
reset1846
revert1856
unweb1882
1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. x. 189 A thin String..would not so well bring heavy Work about.
1694 L. Echard tr. Plautus Rudens Prol., in tr. Plautus Comedies 152 He [Jove] knows each man that's perjur'd, or bribes his Judge to gain his cause; upon which, he brings it about i' th' upper Court.
a1745 J. Swift Excellent New Song Now my new benefactors have brought me about.
1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians II. liii. 152 I had brought it [a canoe] about with a master hand.
4. To restore to consciousness, or to health, = to bring round at Phrasal verbs.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > heal or cure [verb (transitive)] > restore to health
healc1000
temperc1000
recoverc1330
covera1375
restorec1384
recovera1398
rectifya1400
revert1446
recruita1661
re-establish1664
to set up1686
to bring toa1796
reinstate1810
tinker1823
recuperate1849
to bring about1854
to pick up1857
to fetch round1870
re-edify1897
to pull round1900
1854 C. Dickens Hard Times i. viii. 62 That'll bring him about or nothing will.
† to bring adown
Obsolete.
To bring to an end.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > bring to an end or conclude [verb (transitive)]
yendc1000
abatec1300
finec1300
endc1305
finisha1375
definec1384
terminec1390
achievea1393
out-enda1400
terminate?a1425
conclude1430
close1439
to bring adowna1450
terma1475
adetermine1483
determine1483
to knit up1530
do1549
parclose1558
to shut up1575
expire1578
date1589
to close up1592
period1595
includea1616
apostrophate1622
to wind off1650
periodizea1657
dismiss1698
to wind up1740
to put the lid on1873
to put the tin hat on something1900
to wash up1925
a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) l. 5418 To bring al this werre a-doun..Without spilling of more bloode.
 to bring again
1. See sense 1 and again adv., prep., and conj.
†2. To restore to consciousness. Obsolete. Cf. to bring about, round, to.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > [verb (transitive)] > restore to consciousness
wakenc1175
wakec1369
excitec1440
refetch1599
to bring again1636
1636 tr. J. Desmarets de Saint-Sorlin Ariana i. viii. 177 The rest..laboured to bring mee againe, and by force of remedies I opened my eyes.
1636 tr. J. Desmarets de Saint-Sorlin Ariana ii. viii. 320 They brought her againe with water they threw upon her face.
 to bring away
1. See sense 1 and away adv., adj., and n.
†2. To extricate, detach, free, deliver. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > rescue or deliverance > rescue or deliver (from) [verb (transitive)]
areddec885
leeseOE
reddOE
winc1220
deliver?c1225
ridc1225
quita1250
betellc1275
casta1300
to cast outa1300
liverc1330
rescuec1330
wrechec1330
borrowc1350
to put out of ——c1350
to bring awaya1400
redea1400
wreakc1400
rescourec1425
rescousa1450
savec1480
relue1483
salue1484
redeem1488
recovera1500
redressa1500
eschewc1500
rescours1511
to pull (also snatch) out of the fire1526
recourse1533
withtakec1540
redeem1549
vindicate1568
retire1578
repair1591
reprieve1605
to bring off1609
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16246 For þi stat þou aght to spek, to bring þi self a-wai.
 to bring back
To cause to return (to a place or state); to restore, recover, recall.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > transference > bringing > bring [verb (transitive)] > back
again-bringOE
return?c1400
remand?1473
retract1650
to bring back1662
reimport1684
the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > a thing to or into previous condition
reversec1350
reforma1393
recover1393
converta1425
reduce?a1425
revolve1431
returnc1436
recure?1440
remayne1481
relieve1483
redressc1500
restaur1508
reprieve?1567
recollect1606
redeem1613
regain1624
to bring back1662
re-reducea1676
1662 Bk. Com. Prayer, Chas. Martyr Yet didst thou..at length by a wonderful providence bring him back.
1839 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 395 I..brought him back secretly into the city.
1861 Earl Stanhope Life W. Pitt I. i. 42 I trust the country air will bring back her strength.
1863 H. W. Longfellow Interlude v. viii, in Tales Wayside Inn 172 This brings back to me a tale.
 to bring down
1. To cause to fall to the ground; to overthrow; to kill or wound (a flying bird, or other animal). Also with aircraft as object.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > bring to the ground/lay low
layc888
afelleOE
to throw downa1250
groundc1275
to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275
stoopc1275
evena1382
abatec1390
to bring downa1400
falla1400
welt?a1400
throwa1450
tumble1487
succumb1490
strewa1500
vaila1592
flat1607
level1614
floor1642
to fetch down1705
drop1726
supplant1751
the world > life > death > killing > killing of animals > kill animal [verb (transitive)]
slayc1000
slaughter1535
kill1560
to bring down1768
bag1814
mop1859
murder1863
beef1869
cull1889
carcass1906
harvest1947
society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > attack with aircraft [verb (transitive)] > bring down
to bring down1917
to shoot down in flames1918
to claw down1942
clobber1944
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 63 Ar he sua brathly don be broght.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Baruch v. B God is purposed to brynge downe all stoute mountaynes.
1768 S. Bentley River Dove 9 The Partridge, here oft as it flies, The Sportsman brings down with his Gun.
1798 Capt. Miller in Ld. Nelson Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. p. clv Zealous..raked the Guerrier, brought down her foremast.
1917 ‘Contact’ Airman's Outings 23 Perhaps a German machine had been brought down.
1917 ‘Contact’ Airman's Outings 178 To ‘bring down’..an enemy was extremely difficult.
2. To cause (punishment, judgements, etc.) to alight on, upon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon
send971
drivea1400
inrun1471
work1487
to draw down1595
invite1599
derive1611
superinduce1615
incur1627
to bring down1662
induce1857
1662 Bk. Com. Prayer, Chas. Martyr The crying sins of this Nation, which brought down this heavy judgement upon us.
1865 Times 2 Jan. To bring down on themselves the hostility of the most powerful maritime State.
3. figurative. To lower, humble, abase.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > humiliate [verb (transitive)]
anitherOE
fellOE
lowc1175
to lay lowc1225
to set adownc1275
snuba1340
meekc1350
depose1377
aneantizea1382
to bring lowa1387
declinea1400
meekenc1400
to pull downc1425
avalec1430
to-gradea1440
to put downc1440
humble1484
alow1494
deject?1521
depress1526
plucka1529
to cut (rarely to cast down) the comb of?1533
to bring down1535
to bring basec1540
adbass1548
diminish1560
afflict1561
to take down1562
to throw down1567
debase1569
embase1571
diminute1575
to put (also thrust) a person's nose out of jointc1576
exinanite1577
to take (a person) a peg lower1589
to take (a person) down a peg (or two)1589
disbasea1592
to take (a person) down a buttonhole (or two)1592
comb-cut1593
unpuff1598
atterr1605
dismount1608
annihilate1610
crest-fall1611
demit1611
pulla1616
avilea1617
to put a scorn on, upon1633
mortify1639
dimit1658
to put a person's pipe out1720
to let down1747
to set down1753
humiliate1757
to draw (a person's) eyeteeth1789
start1821
squabash1822
to wipe a person's eye1823
to crop the feathers of1827
embarrass1839
to knock (also take, etc.) (a person) off his or her perch1864
to sit upon ——1864
squelch1864
to cut out of all feather1865
to sit on ——1868
to turn down1870
to score off1882
to do (a person) in the eye1891
puncture1908
to put (a person) in (also into) his, her place1908
to cut down to size1927
flatten1932
to slap (a person) down1938
punk1963
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xvii[i]. 27 Thou shalt..bringe downe the hye lokes of the proud.
1768 L. Sterne Sentimental Journey II. 21 I could not bring down my mind to think of it.
1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost x. 279 Every thing that could be used to bring down his great constancy.
4. To reduce, lessen, lower (price); to simplify.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (transitive)] > lower (price)
weaken1530
mitigate1542
abase1551
fall1564
to beat the price1591
to bring down1600
to fetch down1841
degrade1844
to roll back1942
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > clearness, lucidity > simplifying, popularization > simplify, popularize [verb (transitive)]
explainc1425
moderate1557
facilitate1605
to bring down1719–20
simplify1750
familiarize1752
popularize1799
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. iii. 42 He lends out money gratis, and brings downe The rate of vsance heere with vs in Venice. View more context for this quotation
1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 94. 1450 Which I hope will bring down the price of corn there.
1719–20 J. Swift Let. to Young Gentleman (1721) 9 Terms brought down to the Capacity of the Bearer.
1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. xii. 87 At last, however, she was brought down to five, which he paid.
5. To continue (information, etc.) to a later date (cf. to bring up 11 at Phrasal verbs).
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the present (time) > make or render present [verb (transitive)] > make modern or update > information, etc.
to bring down1881
update1948
1881 Daily Tel. 27 Dec. The annual abstract..brings down the information to June, 1881.
1885 Bookseller July 648/2 Information accurate and brought down to date.
6. to bring down the house, to bring down the gallery, etc.: to evoke such demonstrative applause as threatens or suggests the downfall of the building.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > applause > applaud [verb (intransitive)] > receive great applause
to bring down the gallery1754
to give (also get, etc.) a big (also good, etc.) hand1886
1754 World II. No. 76. 125 His apprehension that your statues will bring the house down.
1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 384 Every sentence brought down the house, as I never saw one brought down before.
1884 J. A. Symonds Shakspere's Predecessors x. §x. 403 The interview..must have brought down the gallery.
 to bring forth
1. To produce, give birth to, bring into being, bear, yield (offspring; fruit, flowers, etc.; natural products; products, effects, results).
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > produce or bring forth
doeOE
makelOE
to bring forthc1175
farrow?c1225
childc1350
fodmec1390
raise1402
spring?1440
upbringc1440
breed1526
procreate1546
hatch1549
generate1556
product1577
deprompt1586
produce1587
spire1590
sprout1598
represent1601
effer1606
depromea1652
germinate1796
output1858
the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > confinement > confine or deliver [verb (transitive)] > give birth
forthbring971
akenOE
haveOE
bearOE
to bring into the worldOE
teemOE
i-bereOE
to bring forthc1175
childc1175
reara1275
ofkenc1275
hatcha1350
makea1382
yielda1400
cleck1401
issue1447
engenderc1450
infant1483
deliver?a1518
whelp1581
world1596
yean1598
fall1600
to give (a person or thing) birth1615
to give birth to1633
drop1662
pup1699
born1703
to throw off1742
beteem1855
birth1855
parturiate1866
shell1890
to put to bed1973
bring-
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1937 Þær brohhte ȝho þatt wasstme forþ. Off all unnwemmedd wambe.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 107 Bringe forð briddes.
1388 J. Wyclif Psalms ciii. 14 And thou bringist forth hei to beestis.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum (1878) 233 He had weddid to wyf a yonge gentilwoman, the whiche conseyuid, and browte forthe a faire sone.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 51 Brynge forthe frute, fructifico.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Niiiiv The tree neuer bryngeth forth floures ne frutes, but first it hath borne & brought forthe leues.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Wisd. xix. 10 The grounde brought forth flyes in steade of catell.
1553 R. Eden in tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India Pref. sig. aavijv Places most apte to bring forth gold, spices, & precious stones.
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxxviii. sig. D Let him bring forth Eternal numbers to out-liue long date. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. vii. 72 Bring forth Men-Children onely. View more context for this quotation
1618 W. Lawson New Orchard & Garden xiv. 52 Yong Heifers bring not forth Calues so fayre..as when they become old kine.
1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 123 He never thought of what the future might bring forth.
†2. To bring up, rear, breed (animals). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > rear animals [verb (transitive)]
nourishc1300
to bring forthc1305
rear?1440
raise1743
educate1760
farm1793
mind1824
c1305 St. Kenelm 135 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 51 His norice þat him hadde ifed, & mid hire mulc forth ibroȝt.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. 72 The Sarazines bryngen forthe no Pigges.
c1430 Syr Gener. 879 From a childe she him forth broght.
†3. To utter, express; to put forth, adduce, advance. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > state or declare [verb (transitive)]
speakc900
sayOE
sayOE
tell?a1160
to put forth?c1225
posea1325
allegec1330
declarec1330
exponec1380
to bring fortha1382
expounda1382
terminec1384
allaya1387
express1386
proport1387
purport1389
cough1393
generalize?a1425
deliverc1454
expremec1470
to show forth1498
promisea1500
term1546
to set forward1560
attribute1563
to throw out1573
quote1575
dictate1599
rendera1616
preport1616
enunciate1623
remonstrate1625
state1642
pronunciate1652
annunciate1763
present1779
enounce1805
report1842
constate1865
lodge1885
outen1951
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xx. 29 A wys man in wrdis shal bringe forth hymself.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12138 To bring forth sli talking.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 51 Bryngyn forthe or shewyn forthe, profero.
1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 475/2 The places of Scripture whiche Helvidius broughte furth for the contrarye.
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida i. iii. 240 If that the praisd him-selfe bring the praise forth . View more context for this quotation
1611 Bible (King James) Isa. xli. 21 Bring foorth your strong reasons. View more context for this quotation
†4. To bring to light, or public view. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)]
unwryc825
unhelec1000
to draw forthc1175
unhillc1200
to bring forth?c1225
unsteekc1250
let witc1275
uncovera1300
wraya1300
knowc1300
barea1325
shrivec1374
unwrapc1374
again-covera1382
nakena1382
outc1390
tellc1390
disclosea1393
cough1393
unhidea1400
unclosec1400
unhaspc1400
bewrayc1405
reveal1409
accusea1413
reveil1424
unlocka1425
unrekec1425
disclude?1440
uncurec1440
utter1444
detect1447
break1463
expose1483
divinec1500
revelate1514
to bring (also put) to light1526
decipher1529
rake1547
rip1549
unshadow1550
to lay to sight1563
uppen1565
unlace1567
unvisor?1571
resign1572
uncloak1574
disshroud1577
spill1577
reap1578
unrip1579
scour1585
unharboura1586
unmask1586
uncase1587
descrya1591
unclasp?1592
unrive1592
discover1594
unburden1594
untomb1594
unhusk1596
dismask1598
to open upc1600
untruss1600
divulge1602
unshale1606
unbrace1607
unveil1609
rave1610
disveil1611
unface1611
unsecret1612
unvizard1620
to open up1624
uncurtain1628
unscreen1628
unbare1630
disenvelop1632
unclothe1632
to lay forth1633
unshroud1633
unmuffle1637
midwife1638
dissecret1640
unseal1640
unmantle1643
to fetch out1644
undisguise1655
disvelop1658
decorticate1660
clash1667
exert1692
disinter1711
to up with1715
unbundlea1739
develop1741
disembosom1745
to open out1814
to let out1833
unsack1846
uncrown1849
to bring (out) in (also into) the open1861
unfrock1866
disbosom1868
to blow the lid off1928
flush1950
surface1955
to take or pull the wraps off1964
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 115 Euch idel word bið þear ibrocht forð.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) Prol. 10 On this vnworthy Scaffold, to bring forth So great an Obiect. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. iv. 124 Augures, and vnderstood Relations, haue..brought forth The secret'st man of Blood. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) v. ii. 215 The quicke Comedians Extemporally will stage vs..Anthony Shall be brought drunken forth. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) v. iii. 153 To bring forth this discou'rie. View more context for this quotation
 to bring forward
1. See sense 1 and forward adj., adv., and n.
2. Building. See quot. 1823.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > prepare, dress, or square timber
framec1330
square1412
postc1520
timber out1628
slab1703
side1754
to bring forward1823
match1833
underhew1847
to run up1863
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 417 Bringing forward is a term applied to priming and painting new wood added to old work, or old work which has been repaired, so that the whole shall appear alike when finished.
3. Book-keeping. To carry on a sum from the bottom of one folio to the top of another where the account is continued.
ΚΠ
1888 N.E.D. at Bring Mod. A clerkly error in the amount brought forward.
 to bring in
1. See sense 1 and in adv.
2. To introduce (customs, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] > bring or put into use
travaila1382
to bring inc1384
employ1429
inveigh1547
innovate1548
to put into (also in) practice1553
to lay to1560
induct1615
produce1697
take1732
unlimber1867
phase1949
c1384 J. Wyclif De Eccles. in Sel. Wks. III. 345 To assente wiþ suche falseheed bringiþ in ofte heresies.
1611 Bible (King James) 2 Pet. ii. 1 False teachers..who priuily shall bring in damnable heresies. View more context for this quotation
1690 J. Locke Two Treat. Govt. i. vi. §58 Manners, brought in and continued amongst them.
1753 World No. 10 Near two years ago the popish calendar was brought in.
3. To bring (money) into the purse or pocket.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)] > bring in (a revenue)
raise1389
levy1469
to pull in?1529
to fetch again1535
to bring in?1548
yield1573
produce1585
answer1596
in1609
render1687
net1758
rent1775
realize1777
earn1847
recoup1868
?1548 J. Bale Comedy Thre Lawes Nature iii. sig. Diiij Thys crede wyll brynge in moneye.
1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 446 The sole measure of all his Courtesies is..what return they will make him, and what Revenue they will bring him in.
1814 Lett. fr. England II. xxxviii. 83 And by the time they are seven or eight years old bring in money.
1855 D. Costello Stories from Screen 85 ‘What does it bring you in?’ says she.
†4. To introduce, place (a person) in a position or station. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)]
setc1000
stevenOE
assign1297
inseta1300
stable1300
ordaina1325
instituec1384
to put ina1387
limitc1405
point?1405
stablish1439
institutec1475
invest1489
assumec1503
to fill the hands of1535
establish1548
settle1548
appoint1557
place1563
assumptc1571
dispose1578
seat1595
state1604
instate1613
to bring ina1616
officea1616
constitute1616
impose1617
ascribe1624
install1647
to set up1685
prick1788
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. i. 49 He..needes no other suitor but his likings... To bring you in againe. View more context for this quotation
1676 E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 123 If his designe had succeeded of bringing in Sr Edward Deering.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 81 13–15 Oct. Since he could not have a seat among them himself, he would bring in one who had more merit.
5. To introduce (an action into a court of law or a bill into Parliament).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [verb (transitive)] > lay before court
leadc825
presenta1325
pursue1384
propone1400
to put in1447
enterc1503
table1504
to bring in1602
deduce1612
lodge1708
lay1798
to bring up1823
1602 J. Manningham Diary 16 Dec. (1976) 154 I brought in a moote with Jo. Bramstone.
1652 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 144. 2266 A day was appointed to bring in the Act.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 121 He learned that a law, such as he wished to see passed, would not even be brought in.
1876 G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay II. ix. 133 Sergeant Talfourd brought in a measure devised with the object of extending the term of Copyright in a book to sixty years.
6. To introduce (into consideration, discussion); to adduce (by way of illustration, argument, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > offering for inspection or consideration > offer for inspection or consideration [verb (transitive)]
i-taechec888
to lay … beforec1000
showlOE
givec1175
to lay outc1440
produce1459
propose1548
cite1549
product1563
broach1573
offer1583
to hold up1604
to bring in1608
project1611
to bring ona1715
to trot out1838
to bring up1868
muster1904
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xiii. 31 Ile see their triall first, bring in their euidence. View more context for this quotation
1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 122 I will bring in for example the Bells of the Parish Church of Winington.
a1745 J. Swift in Wks. IX. 75 Quotations are best brought in, to confirm some opinion controverted.
1847 L. Hunt Men, Women, & Bks. I. iv. 87 Providence is..to be brought in, humbly, when man comes to the end of his own humble endeavours.
†7. = to bring on at Phrasal verbs; to lead to, cause. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)]
wieldeOE
timberc897
letc900
rearOE
doOE
i-wendeOE
workOE
makeOE
bringc1175
raisec1175
shapec1315
to owe (also have) a wold (also on wield)a1325
procurec1330
purchasec1330
causec1340
conform1377
performa1382
excite1398
induce1413
occasionate?c1450
occasionc1454
to bring about1480
gara1500
to bring to passc1513
encause1527
to work out1534
inferc1540
excitate?1549
import1550
ycause1563
frame1576
effect1581
to bring in1584
effectuatea1586
apport?1591
introduce1605
create1607
generate1607
cast1633
efficiate1639
conciliate1646
impetrate1647
state1654
accompass1668
to bring to bear1668
to bring on1671
effectivate1717
makee1719
superinduce1837
birth1913
1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health xcix. 86 Which..sometime bringeth in feuers.
†8. To reduce to allegiance, or submission. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > subjecting or subjugation > subject [verb (transitive)] > make obedient
master?c1225
atame1340
tamec1384
reclaima1393
reducec1475
subduea1525
range1587
to bring ina1599
tawne1606
entamea1616
puppify1660
to bring to1747
a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 66 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Such a strong power of men, as should perforce bring in all that rebellious rout.
9. See quot. 1753.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride (a horse or other animal) [verb (transitive)] > keep horse's nose down
to bring in1753
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) Bringing in a horse, in the manege, is the keeping down his nose, when he boars, and tosses it up to the wind. A horse is brought in by a strong hard branch.
10. Of a jury: To bring in a verdict, hence colloquial to ‘find’ as ‘The jury brought him in guilty.’ Also elliptical and transferred.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > judge or determine judicially [verb (transitive)] > give verdict or sentence
givea1300
findc1400
passa1616
to bring in1684
record1824
1684 T. Burnet Theory of Earth ii. 295 Ought we not in this, as well as in other things, to..bring in an honest verdict for nature as well as art?
1804 Sporting Mag. 25 127/2 The jury..brought in a verdict for the plaintiff.
1841 T. Hood in New Monthly Mag. 61 272 The Jury debated from twelve till three What the verdict ought to be And they brought it in as Felo de Se, ‘Because her own Leg had killed her!’
1865 G. Meredith Rhoda Fleming xviii He's mad... There ain't a doubt as t'what the doctors 'd bring him in... Lunatic's the word!
1905 A. Conan Doyle Return Sherlock Holmes 385 The coroner's jury brought in the obvious ‘Wilful murder’.
1931 D. L. Sayers Five Red Herrings xxix. 351 ‘If the jury are sensible people, they'll bring it in self-defence or justifiable homicide.’.. They brought it in manslaughter.
1938 ‘N. Blake’ Beast must Die i. 12 A verdict of manslaughter was brought in against some person or persons unknown.
1960 ‘J. Bell’ Well-known Face xiv. 149 And Mrs. Prentice, too? The jury brought that in suicide.
11. = to bring to 6 at Phrasal verbs.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > reclaim [verb (transitive)]
ina1387
reclaim1440
improve1523
win1531
mitigate1601
reform1607
stuba1650
regain1652
redeem1671
reduce1726
to bring to1814
to bring in1860
to break in1891
green1967
1860 J. Cargill Otago, N.Z. 29 Open land is covered with either fern or grass,..and is easily brought in.
1860 Ruskin in Cornhill Mag. Nov. 561 Bringing in of waste lands.
1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Oct. 371/1 Swedes and turnips..their usefulness as feed for dairy cows and in the bringing in of new land.
 to bring off
1. To bring away from (a position or condition); esp. by boat from a ship, wreck, the shore.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away
ateec885
withbreidec890
animOE
overbearOE
to do awayOE
flitc1175
reavec1175
takec1175
to have away?a1300
to draw awayc1300
weve13..
to wend awaya1325
withdrawa1325
remuec1325
to carry away1363
to take away1372
waive1377
to long awaya1382
oftakec1390
to draw offa1398
to do froa1400
forflitc1420
amove?a1425
to carry out?a1425
surtrayc1440
surtretec1440
twistc1440
abstract1449
ostea1450
remove1459
ablatea1475
araisea1475
redd1479
dismove1480
diminish?1504
convey1530
alienate1534
retire1536
dimove1540
reversec1540
subtractc1540
submove1542
sublate1548
pare1549
to pull in1549
exempt1553
to shift off1567
retract?1570
renversec1586
aufer1587
to lay offa1593
rear1596
retrench1596
unhearse1596
exemea1600
remote1600
to set off1600
subduct1614
rob1627
extraneize1653
to bring off1656
to pull back1656
draft1742
extract1804
reef1901
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [verb (transitive)] > set a ship's course > (bring away from shore)_
to bring off1656
society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (transitive)] > bring away from
to bring off1701
1656 H. More Antidote Atheism (1712) ii. ix. 68 That thence the atheist may be the more easily brought off to the acknowledgement of the existence of a God.
1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads ii. 183 Thus he the People brings Off from their purpose.
1701 London Gaz. No. 3770/3 A Granadier..swam over the River and brought off a Ferryboat.
1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxv. 79 Going ashore..to bring off the Captain.
2. To deliver, rescue, acquit. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > rescue or deliverance > rescue or deliver (from) [verb (transitive)]
areddec885
leeseOE
reddOE
winc1220
deliver?c1225
ridc1225
quita1250
betellc1275
casta1300
to cast outa1300
liverc1330
rescuec1330
wrechec1330
borrowc1350
to put out of ——c1350
to bring awaya1400
redea1400
wreakc1400
rescourec1425
rescousa1450
savec1480
relue1483
salue1484
redeem1488
recovera1500
redressa1500
eschewc1500
rescours1511
to pull (also snatch) out of the fire1526
recourse1533
withtakec1540
redeem1549
vindicate1568
retire1578
repair1591
reprieve1605
to bring off1609
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > acquittal or clearing of accusation > acquit or clear of accusation [verb (transitive)]
quitc1300
acquita1393
discharge?a1439
acquittance1448
assoil1528
rid1530
absolve1539
to bring off1609
disimpeach1611
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 379 Ȝyf God me wole grace sende, Vorto make my chyrchegon, & bringe me of þys bende.
c1300 Harrow. Hell 61 Y shal the bringe of helle pyne.]
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. vi. 25 Ile be tane to, Or bring him off . View more context for this quotation
1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 237 It will not bring Phalaris off; unless his Advocate can shew [etc.].
1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. iv. 99 I cannot tell what you will say then to bring your self off.
1752 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 6 Feb. (1932) (modernized text) V. 1825 Let us see if we cannot bring off the author.
1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xvi. 391 The injuring party..is brought off triumphantly.
†3. To demonstrate, establish clearly. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > prove, demonstrate [verb (transitive)]
i-sothea925
soothec950
fanda1000
kitheOE
betell1048
showc1175
prove?c1225
treousec1275
stablisha1325
approve1340
verifyc1386
justifya1393
tryc1412
answer?a1425
appreve?c1450
to make gooda1470
convictc1475
averifyc1503
arguea1513
find1512
pree1515
comprobate1531
demonstrate1538
conclude1549
convince1555
argument1558
evict1571
avoucha1593
evidencea1601
remonstrate1601
clear1605
attaint1609
monstrate1609
evince1610
evince1611
improve1613
remonstrance1621
to make out1653
ascertain1670
to bring off1674
to make (something) to through1675
render1678
substantiatea1691
establisha1704
to bring out1727
realize1763
validate1775
1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 37 To bring it but cleverly off, how ten thousand years between should not be time between.
4. To carry to a successful issue; to achieve.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] > successfully
floor1852
to put through1888
to bring off1928
1928 Sat. Rev. 27 Oct. 550/2 Theorizing about anything so personal..seems a forlorn endeavour; but Mr. Beresford has brought it off.
1936 Discovery Aug. 241/1 He strains forward..and..brings off one of his special ‘stunts’ of marksmanship.
1952 M. Laski Village ii. 40 They each hoped to goodness Daisy could bring it off.
 to bring on
1. To lead forward or on, conduct (Obsolete); to cause to advance, advance the growth of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring (a person or thing) into a state or condition
set971
haveOE
wendOE
to bring onc1230
teemc1275
putc1330
run1391
casta1400
laya1400
stead1488
constitute1490
render1490
takea1530
introduce1532
deduce1545
throw?1548
derive?c1550
turn1577
to work up1591
estate1605
arrive1607
state1607
enduea1616
assert1638
sublime1654
to run up1657
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > move or cause to move forward or advance [verb (transitive)] > move (a thing) forward
to bring onc1230
vaunce1303
advancea1393
to set forward(s)c1430
perduce1563
traila1717
progress1780
the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > furtherance > further [verb (transitive)]
furtherc888
to bring onc1230
advancea1250
speeda1300
nourishc1300
avaunt1393
promotec1433
pasture?a1439
advantage?1459
promove1475
preferc1503
conduce1518
to set forth1528
to set forward(s)1530
to take forth1530
fillip1551
help1559
farther1570
foster1571
shoulder1577
to put forward1579
seconda1586
foment1596
hearten1598
to put on1604
fomentate1613
succeed1613
expeditea1618
producea1618
maturate1623
cultivate1641
encourage1677
push1693
forward1780
progress1780
admove1839
the world > plants > by age or cycles > ripen [verb (transitive)] > ripen
ripea1398
ripenc1450
concoct1555
maturate1628
to bring on1629
mature1701
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivate plants or crops [verb (transitive)] > force
forward1626
to bring on1629
force1719
stint1845
to send along1867
c1230 Hali Meid. 17 Þe stude & te time þat mahten bringe þe on mis for to donne.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. i. 9 When we would bring him on to some confession Of his true state. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. ii. 44 The Aprill's in her eyes, it is Loues spring, And these the showers to bring it on . View more context for this quotation
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. ii. vi. 115 Voluntary solitarinesse..gently brings on as a Siren, a shooing-horne, or some Sphinx to this irrevocable gulfe.
1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 25 According to..the temper of the climate..to bring them on earlier or later, as it doth with all other fruits.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xiv. 132 But he said..that study would do much... ‘Bring him on, Cornelia! Bring him on!’
1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lii. 464 Briggs was a capital mistress for him, and had brought him on..famously in English.
1932 A. J. Worrall Eng. Idioms ix. 61 His trainer brought on the horse in fine style.
2. To produce, cause (illness, a state of things).
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)]
wieldeOE
timberc897
letc900
rearOE
doOE
i-wendeOE
workOE
makeOE
bringc1175
raisec1175
shapec1315
to owe (also have) a wold (also on wield)a1325
procurec1330
purchasec1330
causec1340
conform1377
performa1382
excite1398
induce1413
occasionate?c1450
occasionc1454
to bring about1480
gara1500
to bring to passc1513
encause1527
to work out1534
inferc1540
excitate?1549
import1550
ycause1563
frame1576
effect1581
to bring in1584
effectuatea1586
apport?1591
introduce1605
create1607
generate1607
cast1633
efficiate1639
conciliate1646
impetrate1647
state1654
accompass1668
to bring to bear1668
to bring on1671
effectivate1717
makee1719
superinduce1837
birth1913
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 375 These evils..I my self have brought them on. View more context for this quotation
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xviii. 190 This..might have brought on a relapse.
1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion i. 31 And poverty brought on a petted mood And a sore temper. View more context for this quotation
1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. v. 167 A battle was brought on.
1888 N.E.D. at Bring Mod. A cold which brought on influenza.
3. To bring into formal consideration or discussion, introduce.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > offering for inspection or consideration > offer for inspection or consideration [verb (transitive)]
i-taechec888
to lay … beforec1000
showlOE
givec1175
to lay outc1440
produce1459
propose1548
cite1549
product1563
broach1573
offer1583
to hold up1604
to bring in1608
project1611
to bring ona1715
to trot out1838
to bring up1868
muster1904
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 454 Why must an attainder be brought on?
1878 J. R. Seeley Life & Times Stein III. 322 Metternich announced his intention of bringing on the subject.
4. technical. To fasten, fix, join, weld together.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)]
gatherc725
fayOE
samc1000
join1297
conjoinc1374
enjoinc1384
assemble1393
compound1393
sociea1398
annex?c1400
ferec1400
marrowc1400
combinec1440
annectc1450
piece?c1475
combind1477
conjunge1547
associate1578
knit1578
sinew1592
splinter1597
patch1604
accouple1605
interjoina1616
withjoina1627
league1645
contignate1651
to bring on1691
splice1803
pan1884
suture1886
1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 22 The Workmen were bringing on an ordinary Straits-sheathing with Wood upon one of his small Ships.
1852 A. Ryland Assay of Gold & Silver 97 He found that the spoon and ladle were not made in one piece..but that the parts bearing the marks were ‘inserted’, or ‘brought on’.
5. To produce (a play, etc.) on the stage. (Quot. 1768 is perhaps sense 1)
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > stage [verb (transitive)]
enact1430
to set out1540
to bring (a person) on or to the stage1602
to bring on1768
to get up1782
to put up1832
stage1879
to put on1885
1768 A. Dow Let. 16 July in D. Garrick Private Corr. (1831) I. 306 I think it very unnecessary to submit the tragedy to any man's judgment but yours. Take it with you to the country; make your objections: if they can with facility be removed, I shall request the favour of you to bring it on.
1932 A. J. Worrall Eng. Idioms ix. 61 Mr. Blank is bringing on his show at His Majesty's [Theatre].
6. To bring forward or into action; spec. in Cricket, to put (someone) on to bowl. So in U.S. colloquial phrase bring on your bears, a defiant challenge to an adversary to do his worst.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > bring into activity or activate
enter1563
inact1583
active1620
activate1624
yoke1630
animate1646
inactuate1651
to bring (also call, put) into (also in) play1799
to put onc1842
to bring on1860
mobilize1871
derepress1962
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > bowling > bowl [verb (transitive)] > put in to bowl
to take the ball1832
to put on1845
to bring on1860
bowl1862
1860 Baily's Monthly Mag. Sept. 429 Hayward and Parr were then brought on [as bowlers].
1886 Chicago Tribune 13 Sept. 4/3 Bring On Your Bears. What with offensive Ministers and erratic Consuls,..burden after burden of trouble has been laid upon Secretary Bayard's shoulders.
1886 Chicago Tribune 13 Sept. 4/3 He can request England or Canada..to bring on their bears.
1904 P. F. Warner How we recovered Ashes xiii. 261 Arnold was brought on, and in his first over clean bowled Duff.
1954 P. G. Wodehouse & G. R. Bolton Bring on Girls i. 11 He says: ‘Bring on the girls!’ It is the panacea that never fails... The impresario has his way. The girls are brought on.
 to bring out
(See also sense 1 and out n.)
†1. To separate or detach (any one) from; to deprive, do (any one) out of. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > deprive (of)
benimc890
to do of ——eOE
bedealc1000
disturbc1230
bereavec1275
reave?a1300
acquitc1300
benemec1300
deprivec1330
privea1382
subvertc1384
oppressc1395
abridgea1400
to bate of, from1399
lessa1400
nakena1400
dischargea1425
privatec1425
to bring outa1450
abatec1450
sever?1507
spulyie?1507
denude1513
disable1529
distrain1530
destituec1540
destitutec1540
defalk1541
to turn out of ——1545
discomfit1548
wipe1549
nude1551
disannul?a1556
bereft1557
diminish1559
benoom1563
joint1573
uncase1583
rid1585
disarm1590
visitc1592
ease1600
dispatch1604
unfurnisha1616
rig1629
retrench1640
unbecomea1641
disentail1641
cashier1690
twin1722
mulct1748
fordo1764
to do out of ——1796
to cut out1815
bate1823
deprivate1832
devoid1878
a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 65 To bringe hem oute of her good name.
?1464 J. Russe in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 282 I haue bought salt and othere thyngys whiche hathe brought me out of myche syluir.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8633 And the lede with a launse out of lyue broght.
1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. Pref. 11 To bring the people out of love with the..Bible.
†2. To produce, yield. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > produce or bring forth > yield or produce naturally
fruita1382
engendera1393
breeda1398
gendera1398
yielda1400
proferc1425
to bring out1545
generate1563
produce1585
brooda1625
to send forth1626
propagate1699
pan1873
1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 43 That grounde is plentifull..whiche..bryngeth out corne.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 189 Enseare thy Fertile and Conceptious wombe, Let it no more bring out ingratefull man. View more context for this quotation
3. To express, utter.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)]
speakc825
queatheOE
forthdoc900
i-seggenc900
sayeOE
speak971
meleOE
quidOE
spella1000
forthbringc1000
givec1175
warpa1225
mootc1225
i-schirea1250
upbringa1250
outsay?c1250
spilec1275
talec1275
wisea1300
crackc1315
nevena1325
cast1330
rehearsec1330
roundc1330
spend1362
carpa1375
sermona1382
to speak outc1384
usea1387
minc1390
pronouncea1393
lancec1400
mellc1400
nurnc1400
slingc1400
tellc1400
wordc1400
yelpc1400
worka1425
utterc1444
outspeakc1449
yielda1450
arecchec1460
roose?a1475
cutc1525
to come forth with1532
bubble1536
prolate1542
report1548
prolocute1570
bespeak1579
wield1581
upbraid1587
up with (also mid) ——1594
name1595
upbrayc1600
discoursea1616
tonguea1616
to bring out1665
voice1665
emit1753
lip1789
to out with1802
pitch1811
go1836
to open one's head1843
vocabulize1861
shoot1915
verbal1920
be1982
1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. xv. sig. Gg2 Any thing, how contrary soever to Piety, or right Reason..if Men can bring it out..neatly wrapt up in Raillery.
4. To bring into clearness, distinctness, or prominence; to develop and display (talent).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)]
uppec897
atewOE
sutelec1000
openOE
awnc1175
kithec1175
forthteec1200
tawnec1220
let witc1275
forthshowa1300
to pilt out?a1300
showa1300
barea1325
mythc1330
unfoldc1374
to open outc1390
assign1398
mustera1400
reyve?a1400
vouchc1400
manifest?a1425
outshowc1425
ostendc1429
explayc1443
objecta1500
reveala1500
patefy?1509
decipher1529
relieve1533
to set outa1540
utter1542
report1548
unbuckle1548
to set forth1551
demonstrate1553
to hold forth1560
testify1560
explicate1565
forthsetc1565
to give show of1567
denudec1572
exhibit1573
apparent1577
display?1578
carry1580
cipher1583
laya1586
foreshow1590
uncloud?1594
vision1594
explain1597
proclaim1597
unroll1598
discloud1600
remonstrate1601
resent1602
to bring out1608
palesate1613
pronounce1615
to speak out1623
elicit1641
confess1646
bear1657
breathe1667
outplay1702
to throw out1741
evolve1744
announce1781
develop1806
exfoliate1808
evince1829
exposit1882
pack1925
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxiv. 159 That haue I don And more, much more, the time will bring it out . View more context for this quotation
1693 T. Creech tr. Juvenal Satire XIII 288 in J. Dryden Satires Juvenal & Persius 269 These shake his Soul, and, as they boldly press, Bring out his Crimes; and force him to confess.
1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 39 The exact kind of preparation which is calculated to bring out the writing.
1832 Athenæum 389 If the talent does exist..such will be the only way to bring it out.
1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues I. 74 The antagonism of the two characters is still more clearly brought out.
1875 A. Helps Social Pressure i. 3 The moon..brought out the river and adjacent buildings magnificently.
5. To introduce (a young lady) formally into ‘society’; to announce (a company, a foreign loan, or the like) for public subscription.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > [verb (transitive)] > introduce (a person) into society
introduce1766
to bring out1790
1790 Loiterer 23 Jan. 12 A young woman seldom did well who was brought out before she was eighteen.
1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XII xxxi. 20 [They] Begged to bring up the little girl, and ‘out’,—For that's the phrase that settles all things now, Meaning a virgin's first blush at a rout.
1888 N.E.D. at Bring Mod. That loan was brought out by Messrs. Baring in 1852.
6. To produce before the public; to place upon the stage (a play or opera); to publish (a book).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > perform [verb (transitive)] > put on a performance
representa1438
present1573
to bring out1818
mount1828
produce1836
stage1924
society > communication > printing > publishing > publish [verb (transitive)]
to put forth1482
to put out1529
to set forth1535
promulge1539
to set abroada1555
present1559
to set out1559
utter1561
divulge1566
publish1573
print?1594
emit1650
edition1715
edit1727
to give to the world1757
to get out1786
to send forth1849
to bring out1878
run1879
release1896
pub1932
1818 Ld. Byron Let. 3 Mar. (1976) VI. 18 They have brought out Fazio with great & deserved success at Covent Garden.
1851 Illustr. London News 354 ‘Robert le Diable’ was originally brought out by Meyerbeer.
1878 J. Morley Diderot 164 It was resolved to bring out the ten volumes..in a single issue.
1882 C. Pebody Eng. Journalism xx. 148 Proposed that he should bring out an evening paper.
7. To exhibit, shew. (With complement.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > proof, demonstration > prove, demonstrate [verb (transitive)]
i-sothea925
soothec950
fanda1000
kitheOE
betell1048
showc1175
prove?c1225
treousec1275
stablisha1325
approve1340
verifyc1386
justifya1393
tryc1412
answer?a1425
appreve?c1450
to make gooda1470
convictc1475
averifyc1503
arguea1513
find1512
pree1515
comprobate1531
demonstrate1538
conclude1549
convince1555
argument1558
evict1571
avoucha1593
evidencea1601
remonstrate1601
clear1605
attaint1609
monstrate1609
evince1610
evince1611
improve1613
remonstrance1621
to make out1653
ascertain1670
to bring off1674
to make (something) to through1675
render1678
substantiatea1691
establisha1704
to bring out1727
realize1763
validate1775
1727 J. Arbuthnot Tables Anc. Coins 16 But those experiments bring out the Denarius heavier.
8. to bring out one's bat (in Cricket) = to carry it (out) (see to carry out 1c at carry v. Phrasal verbs).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > bat [verb (intransitive)] > be not out
to bring out one's bat1833
to carry one's bat1833
to carry out one's bat1834
to take out one's bat1838
to carry one's bat through1839
1833 J. Mitford in Gentleman's Mag. Sept. 236/1 Tom [Walker] scored the amazing number of 95 runs in his first innings, and brought his bat out with him.
1870 Times 15 July 12/5 Mr. Green..brought out his bat with the total at 198.
 to bring over
(See also sense 1 and over adv.)
To influence to come to one's own side or party (from an opposite one); to convert.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > win over
procurec1325
to gain over1582
bribe1592
overwork1593
overwin1600
smooth1608
overpersuade1639
spirit1656
over-entreata1661
engage1699
to bring over1724
to draw over1734
conciliate1796
to carry over1855
1724–5 T. Sheridan Tom Punsibi's Dream 2/1 By these..Means he soon brought over both Parties to him.
1771 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. II. 221 The house of commons was brought over to second his request.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 347 Able to bring over a great body of his disciples to the royal side.
1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 283 In vain, however did he attempt..to bring over Cumæ, Naples, and Puteoli.
 to bring round
(See also sense 1 and round adv.)
1. To restore (a person) from a fainting-fit or an attack of illness.
ΚΠ
1834 ‘A Virginian’ Kentuckian in New York I. vi. 94 You want something to make your blood circulate: a small taste or two would soon bring you round.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 46 Dead!.. I warrant, man, that we shall bring you round.
2. To complete a set of changes in bell-ringing.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > bell-ringing > [verb (transitive)] > change ringing
walk1671
to bring round1883
1883 Birmingham Daily Post 19 Oct. 7 A peal of..grandsire majors which was successfully rung and brought round in capital style, in four hours and fifty-five minutes.
3. To persuade; to convert to an opinion.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > motivation > persuasion > persuade (a person) [verb (transitive)] > win over > to an opinion
to bring round1863
1863 A. Trollope Rachel Ray I. xiii. 259 Don't you think you could say something civil to Mr. Tappitt, so as to—to bring him round again?
1889 R. Bridges Feast of Bacchus iv. 1055 You've got..your father Brought nicely round: and all through my good management.
1892 Mrs. H. Ward David Grieve (1901) iv. 285/2 He talked to Lucy, and with great difficulty persuaded her in the matter of the hundred pounds... Ultimately, however, he brought his wife round.
1932 A. J. Worrall Eng. Idioms ix. 62 With some difficulty I brought him round to my way of thinking.
 to bring through
(See sense 1 and through adv.)
spec. To treat successfully through the stages of an illness.
ΚΠ
1888 N.E.D. at Bring Mod. The doctor hopes to be able to bring him through.
 to bring to
1. Nautical (transitive) To fasten, tie, bend.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > attachment > attach or affix [verb (transitive)]
fastenOE
fasta1225
tachec1315
to-seta1340
catcha1350
affichea1382
to put ona1382
tacka1387
to put to1396
adjoina1400
attach?a1400
bend1399
spyndec1400
to-tachc1400
affixc1448
complexc1470
setc1480
attouch1483
found?1541
obligate1547
patch1549
alligate1563
dight1572
inyoke1595
infixa1616
wreathe1643
adlige1650
adhibit1651
oblige1656
adent1658
to bring to1681
engage1766
superfix1766
to lap on1867
accrete1870
1681 London Gaz. No. 1666/4 In the night they mended their Rigging, brought new Sails to the Yards.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Bring-to, to bend, as to bring-to a sail to the yard.
2. To cause (a ship) to come to a standstill.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [verb (transitive)] > set a ship's course > bring to a standstill
to bring to1753
to bring up1820
snub1841
1753 Scots Mag. Aug. 415/2 A guarda costa..fired a gun to bring them to.
1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Bring to,..to check the course of a ship..by arranging the sails in such a manner as that they shall counter-act each other.
1803 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) V. 81 At 6.30 brought to the Vrow Agneta, Dutch Brig.
3. intransitive (for reflexive or absol.) Of a ship or her crew: To come to a standstill; transferred to stop, ‘pull up’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop
abideOE
atstandc1000
steveneta1225
atstuntc1230
to make, take, etc., stallc1275
stema1300
astandc1314
withstanda1325
stintc1374
arrestc1400
stotec1400
stayc1440
steadc1475
stop short1530
disadvance1610
come1611
consist1611
check1635
halt1656
to bring to1697
to draw up1767
to bring up1769
to pull up1781
to fetch up1838
to come to a standstill1852
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [verb (intransitive)] > head in a certain course or direction > come to a standstill
to bring to1697
to come to1726
1697 London Gaz. No. 3287/3 The 5 French brought to a Stern.
1709 London Gaz. 4521/2 They came within Random shot, and then brought to.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. iv. 36 The Commodore the next day made a signal for the ships to bring to.
1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. 278 Near 3 in the afternoon, when she brought to.
1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. vii. 161 We brought to in a narrow arm of the river.
1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. II. i. 4 Here let us bring to..and try to get acquainted with the outside of the place before the good folk are about.
†4. transitive. To cause to acquiesce or be complaisant. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > subjecting or subjugation > subject [verb (transitive)] > make obedient
master?c1225
atame1340
tamec1384
reclaima1393
reducec1475
subduea1525
range1587
to bring ina1599
tawne1606
entamea1616
puppify1660
to bring to1747
1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xvi. 93 Proud spirits may be brought to.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones VI. xviii. xii. 291 I was forced to use a little fatherly Authority to bring her to . View more context for this quotation
5. To restore to consciousness or to health. Cf. 8c bring to oneself.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > heal or cure [verb (transitive)] > restore to health
healc1000
temperc1000
recoverc1330
covera1375
restorec1384
recovera1398
rectifya1400
revert1446
recruita1661
re-establish1664
to set up1686
to bring toa1796
reinstate1810
tinker1823
recuperate1849
to bring about1854
to pick up1857
to fetch round1870
re-edify1897
to pull round1900
a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 490 I kend it still your wee bit jauntie Wad bring ye to.
1844 G. R. Gleig Light Dragoon (1856) v. 45 Our lieutenant..fainted..The French guard brought him to by shaking.
1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxxiii. 191 ‘I'll bring her to!’ said the driver, with a brutal grin. ‘I'll give her something better than camphire!’
6. To bring (land) into good condition. U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > reclaim [verb (transitive)]
ina1387
reclaim1440
improve1523
win1531
mitigate1601
reform1607
stuba1650
regain1652
redeem1671
reduce1726
to bring to1814
to bring in1860
to break in1891
green1967
1814 in Amer. Speech (1947) 22 273 To bring to a piece of land—to bring it into a state of cultivation, or rather perhaps into a state fit for cultivation.
1838 H. Colman 1st Rep. Agric. Mass. (Mass. Agric. Surv.) 77 One of these gentlemen..has found this sort of land after it was thus ‘brought to’ extremely favorable to the growth of rye.
 to bring under
To bring into subjection, subdue.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > subjecting or subjugation > subject [verb (transitive)]
wieldOE
i-weldeOE
onwaldOE
overwieldlOE
amaistera1250
underlaya1300
daunt1303
underbringc1320
yoke?c1335
undercasta1340
afaitec1350
faite1362
subjecta1382
to make subjectc1384
distraina1400
underlouta1400
underthewa1400
underset1422
subjectc1460
subjuge?1473
submise?1473
dompt1480
suppedit?1483
to keep under1486
abandon1487
bandon?a1500
suppeditatec1545
to bring under1563
reduce1569
assubject1579
overpower1597
envassal1606
assubjugate1609
vassal1612
subact1619
vassalize1647
vassalate1659
to school down1818
to ride herd on (also over)1895
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Repentance iii, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 548 Who will bring me under for my works?
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xlii. 84 Either yeelding through feare, or brought vnder with penurie.
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. i. xi. 46 Lucius Quinctius chiefly brought them vnder.
1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. III. 40 That, which brought under the Reluctancies of Humane Nature.
a1834 T. Moore Minstrel Boy The foe-man's chain Could not bring his proud soul under.
 to bring up
1. To bring into a higher position; to elevate, raise, rear, build up; to raise to a point or amount, etc. See senses of up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [verb (transitive)] > increase to a point or amount
to bring up1297
the world > space > relative position > vertical position > make vertical [verb (transitive)] > make upright or erect > a structure
areara800
to set upa1225
to bring up1297
biga1400
seta1400
erect1417
hainc1440
rect?a1475
to fix up1569
uptower1848
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 369 Þe abbey of Came..he rerde in Normandye..He broȝte vp mony oþer hous of relygyon al so.
1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 71 v Yf he see that fortune raise and bring up somother of lower degre.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 533 Your discontenting Father, striue to qualifie And bring him vp to liking. View more context for this quotation
1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. viii. 146 The next work the Carpenter has to do, is to Bring up the Stairs.
1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. vii. 132 The Celler Walls to be brought up by a Bricklayer with Brick.
1885 Sir E. Kay in Law Times' Rep. 52 370/1 The [amount] to which the undivided profit would be brought up.
2. To rear from childhood; to educate, breed.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > upbringing > [verb (transitive)]
i-teon975
forthbringc1000
forthwiseOE
nourishc1300
nurshc1325
feedc1330
updraw1390
uprearc1400
educate1445
norrya1450
nurturea1450
to bring up1484
endue1526
nuzzle1558
rear1558
nurse1584
to breed up1611
cradle1613
breed1650
raise1744
rare1798
mud1814
to fetch up1841
rise1843
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxvii. 98 The child, whiche hadde be secretely nourisshed and brought vp cam to his enherytaunce.
1511–12 Act 3 Hen. VIII iii. §1 To enduce and lern theym and bryng them uppe in shotyng.
1588 A. King tr. P. Canisius Cathechisme or Schort Instr. 50 Fosterit, teachit, and brocht vp in continuall exercise.
1611 Bible (King James) Isa. i. 2 I haue nourished and brought vp children. View more context for this quotation
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 105. ¶4 A Man who has been brought up among Books.
1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues III. 226 The doctrines in which he had been brought up.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 70/1 The ordinary farmer brings up a lot of calves every year.
3. To introduce to general notice; to bring into vogue. ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > introduction or bringing in > introduce or bring something in [verb (transitive)]
inbringc1000
induce1401
to bring up1484
invect1548
introduce1559
inject1639
usher1679
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xlvii. 69 To hasty in takynge ony newe thynges brought vp.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 470/2 He hath brought up a newe custome..To bringe up newe lawes is a perlous worke.
1693 W. Robertson Phraseologia Generalis (new ed.) 284 She brings up a fashion grown out of use.
1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 20 The Torture is not used in England; and I hope you won't bring it up.
†4. To raise, originate, give utterance to (a report), etc. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > rumour > [verb (transitive)] > originate a rumour
raisec1350
risea1400
to bring up1535
anti-rumour1655
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Num. xiii. D And of the lande that they had searched, they brought vp an euell reporte amonge the children of Israel [childrē in text].
1611 Bible (King James) Num. xiv. 36 Bringing vp a slander vpon the land. View more context for this quotation
5. To bring into the presence of authority; to bring before a tribunal, or for examination.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [verb (transitive)] > lay before court
leadc825
presenta1325
pursue1384
propone1400
to put in1447
enterc1503
table1504
to bring in1602
deduce1612
lodge1708
lay1798
to bring up1823
1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 64 Being brought up..to answer at Bow-street office.
1865 Reader 8 July 30 Candidates would be expected to bring up so many books of Scott.
1885 Law Times 79 139/1 A writ of certiorari to bring up an order made by the justices.
6. Nautical. To bring to anchor, or to a standstill.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [verb (transitive)] > set a ship's course > bring to a standstill
to bring to1753
to bring up1820
snub1841
1820 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 8 317 I was all at once..as the sailors say, brought up by an invisible fence.
1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxv. 80 They let go the other anchor..and brought the vessel up.
7. intransitive. To come to anchor; hence, to come to a stand, to stop, ‘pull up’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop
abideOE
atstandc1000
steveneta1225
atstuntc1230
to make, take, etc., stallc1275
stema1300
astandc1314
withstanda1325
stintc1374
arrestc1400
stotec1400
stayc1440
steadc1475
stop short1530
disadvance1610
come1611
consist1611
check1635
halt1656
to bring to1697
to draw up1767
to bring up1769
to pull up1781
to fetch up1838
to come to a standstill1852
1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Bring-up, a provincial phrase peculiar to the seamen in the coal-trade, signifying to anchor.
1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. 321 The Rippon..brought up against the Morne Rouge Battery.
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xxix. 386 At last the floe brought up against the rocks.
1858 E. H. Sears Athanasia iv. 32 Expect when they die to..bring up at some good place.
1884 ‘F. Anstey’ Giant's Robe vi Mr. Lightowler brought up sharply opposite the end of an inclined covered staircase..where they left the dog-cart.
8. To bring under notice or consideration; to recall to notice (a by-gone matter).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > offering for inspection or consideration > offer for inspection or consideration [verb (transitive)]
i-taechec888
to lay … beforec1000
showlOE
givec1175
to lay outc1440
produce1459
propose1548
cite1549
product1563
broach1573
offer1583
to hold up1604
to bring in1608
project1611
to bring ona1715
to trot out1838
to bring up1868
muster1904
1868 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (Brit. Libr. pre-publ. copy) I. 203 Are you such an old fool..that you bring up now what I said at first—and if I had said anything last year, I suppose that you would bring that up?
1888 N.E.D. at Bring Mod. ‘I am glad the matter has been brought up.’
9. To develop, produce.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > evolve or develop
unplight?c1400
develop1752
evolve1805
to bring up1823
evolute1874
1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 169 Chromate of potash..brings up a yellow colour.
10. To vomit. (colloquial)
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (transitive)] > vomit
spew971
aspewc1200
to gulch out?c1225
casta1300
vomea1382
brake1393
evacuec1400
to cast outa1425
deliver?a1425
voida1425
evomec1450
evomit?a1475
disgorge1477
to cast up1483
degorge1493
vomish1536
retch1538
parbreak1540
reject1540
vomit1541
evacuate1542
revomit1545
belch1558
vomit1560
to lay up1570
upvomit1582
to fetch up1599
puke1601
respew1606
inbelch1610
spew1610
to throw up1614
exgurgitate1623
out-spew1647
egurgitate1656
to throw off1660
to bring up1719
pick1828
sick1924
yark1927
barf1960
to park the tiger1970
vom1991
1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 200 Then I grew sick, and reached to vomit, but could not; for I had nothing in my Stomach to bring up.
1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 201 My Stomach loathed the Sugar, and brought it all up again.
1746 T. Tomkyns tr. G. de La Motte Gen. Treat. Midwifry ii. xxi. 213 A little cough, which kept encreasing till it brought up a little purulent spittle.
1945 M. Dickens Thursday Afternoons viii. 234 Hoping that Ugly [sc. a dog] would manage to swallow whatever it was he had taken before he brought it up.
11. to bring up arrears, to bring up lost ground, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > compensate or make up for
restorea1325
to make good1389
boot1393
rewarda1398
supplya1398
to make up1472
upset1513
to fetch again1535
redeem1590
balance1594
pay1596
unpay1600
to make out1610
requitea1613
to pay home1625
encourage1628
compensate1646
compensate1656
reprise1662
to take up1662
to fetch up1665
to pay off1717
indemnify1750
to bring up arrears1788
equalize1866
reparate1956
1788 C. Dibdin Musical Tour xii. 43 By way of clearing my ground, or, as the sailors call it, bringing up lee-way.
1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany viii. 131 The afternoon was spent in bringing up my arrears of correspondence.
1865 E. Burritt Walk to Land's End 445 Bringing up a long arrearage of writing.
1888 N.E.D. at Bring Mod. Has the narrative been brought up to date?
12. to bring up the rear (arrear): see rear n.2
13. To lead (troops, etc.) to the scene of action.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > fight (a battle, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > direct into battle
to set in1487
engage1868
to bring up1885
1885 U. S. Grant Pers. Mem. I. 415 The troops from Corinth were brought up in time to repel the threatened movement without a battle.

Draft additions December 2003

to bring off
transitive. slang. To masturbate (a person); to cause to reach orgasm, esp. by masturbation. Frequently reflexive. Cf. off adv. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > other types of sexual activity or intercourse > engage in other types of sexual activity or intercourse [verb (transitive)] > stimulate genitals of (a person)
gropec1275
feel1569
goose1879
to play with ——1879
fingerc1890
to bring off1916
to feel up1926
to jack off?1927
reef1962
fingle1996
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > other types of sexual activity or intercourse > engage in other types of sexual activity or intercourse [verb (transitive)] > stimulate genitals of (a person) > cause to have orgasm by
frig1598
milk1616
to toss off1879
wank1905
to pull off1909
to bring off1916
to jerk off1969
masturbate1974
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > other types of sexual activity or intercourse > engage in other types of sexual activity or intercourse [verb (transitive)] > stimulate genitals of (a person) > stimulate (genitals)
to play with ——1879
to bring off1916
manipulate1949
1916 H. N. Cary Slang of Venery I. 122 To bring down (or off) by hand, to masturbate.
1928 D. H. Lawrence Lady Chatterley's Lover xiv. 244 Then there's the hard sort, that are the devil to bring off at all, and bring themselves off, like my wife.
1972 ‘J. W. Wells’ Come fly with Us 156 He told me to masturbate in the phone booth, to..bring myself off.
1988 J. McInerny Story of my Life ii. 25 Dean brings me off with his hand but it's just not the same, I want more, I don't want to stop.
2002 G. Duncan I, Lucifer (2003) 36 She's already brought herself off against one of Jimmeny's nailed marble feet, ostensibly dusting the statue's armpits.

Draft additions December 2006

transitive. colloquial (chiefly U.S.). In imperative. bring it on: expressing confidence that one is equal to a challenge, or a desire for an opportunity to prove one's worth; ‘Try me!’ ‘Do your worst!’
ΚΠ
1980 Washington Post 16 Mar. k1/1 ‘I could save Chrysler if I had to,’ he says, his half-smile becoming a playful taunt. Bring it on, he seems to say.
1989 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 10 Dec. 44/1 I thought, how extreme. I would never go that far. Now I say to Patsy: Bring it on.
1996 E. Danticat Krik? Krak! 179 ‘I have a riddle for you. Can you handle it?’ he would ask. ‘Bring it on. Try me.’
2002 Time 30 June 57/3 At..Belmont..the speed horses..will be gunning for War Emblem, hoping to grind him down. Bring it on, says Baffert.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
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