单词 | trained |
释义 | trainedadj.1 I. In various senses of train v.1 II. 1. Having been given sustained instruction and practice in an art, profession, occupation, or procedure; taught to perform, or accustomed to performing, a particular task or function; skilled, proficient. Also more generally: †educated (obsolete).Examples with modifying adverb have not generally been included here. college-trained, foreign-trained, governess-trained, obedience-trained, toilet-trained, etc.: see the first element. a. Of people. (a) Military. Formerly esp. in trained band: = trainband n. (now historical); †trained soldier: = train soldier n.1 (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > drill or training > [adjective] > trained trained1562 society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > [noun] > militia or citizen army trained band1562 militia1590 trainband1628 milice1635 array1643 people's army1856 1562 J. Shute in tr. A. Cambini in Two Comm. Turcks Ep. Ded. sig. **.iiv If the generall with his chiefe officers wante this perfection they are not greatly to be feared althoughe their armi be of trained souldiours. 1570–6 W. Lambard Perambulation Kent (1596) 70 The trained companies only shall resort to the places of their appointed Rendeuous. 1594 Sir H. Cocke in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. III. 175 Havinge..taken a perfect vyewe of all the Trayned Bandes. 1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xiv. 14 Abram..armed his trained seruants. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 105 To haue six thousand of the trained bands in readines. 1644 W. Prynne & C. Walker True Relation Prosecution N. Fiennes App. 25 Iames Powell of Bristoll, one of the Trained Souldiers of that City. 1707 J. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia (ed. 22) ii. xvi. 217 Of the standing Militia, or Trained-Bands. 1747 Gentleman's Mag. July 341/1 The whole French garrison of Pondicherry, consisting of about 1000 regular troops, 200 train'd peons, and many others. 1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. ix. 597 The citizens of London mustered their trained bands on holidays. 1837 T. De Quincey Revolt of Tartars in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 104/2 A body of trained cameleers (that is cuirassiers mounted on camels). 1868 Queen's Regulations & Orders Army §630 For every trained soldier in the infantry 90 rounds of ball Cartridges, and 300 rounds per Battery for Artillery. 1904 Scribner's Mag. Jan. 32/2 There did not exist in the country any nucleus of trained officers to fit them for the field. 1964 C. V. Wedgwood Trial of Charles I (1967) ii. 46 The City Trained Bands—citizen volunteers who formed no part of the Army—had long had the duty of patrolling the approaches to Parliament. 2003 Independent 20 Nov. i. 20/7 At least the Iraqi army might not have been senselessly stood down, leaving hundreds of thousands of trained, well armed men with nothing to do. (b) gen. ΘΚΠ society > education > [adjective] > educated or taught taughta1382 learnedc1384 instructc1425 induct1481 informeda1500 educate?1533 instructed1552 schooled1557 educated1569 trained?1591 teached1639 scholared1830 formed1833 educationized1835 indoctrinated1870 ?1591 H. Barrow Brief Discouerie False Church 204 What perfect lawes hath he set downe in those his epistles vnto Tiothie and Titus those two excellent workmen his trained & exercised children. 1674 R. Baxter Full & Easie Satisfaction xi. 176 Our Ministers are too few of them able to deal with a trained Sophister. 1762 R. Bremner Rudim. Music (ed. 2) p. vi An Organist or Church-clerk, with a few trained Boys around him, may, in time, teach the tractable Part of a Congregation the Tenor of a Church-tune. 1821 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 9 571 The whole of the service is to devolve upon the clergyman and the precentor, with a few hired or trained exhibitionists. 1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece VI. ii. xlviii. 117 Ships, they had few; trained seamen, yet fewer; wealth, next to none. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 855 To engage a trained hospital nurse. 1931 Year's Work Mod. Lang. Stud. I. iii. 126 Siever's ‘Schallanalyse’..is a method of restoring the accentuation of a given textual record by registering and analyzing the reaction of a trained observer. 1966 B. Took & M. Feldman in B. Took & M. Coward Best of ‘Round The Horne’ (2000) 2nd Ser. Programme 5. 84/1 I'm not a common announcer. I'm a trained thespian. 2007 Ecologist July 16/2 Today Greenpeace has a network of trained activists willing to undertake illegal non-violent direction actions. b. Of animals. ΚΠ 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. Alphabet. Table sig. a4v Elephants Royall, and trained Elephants. 1727 Trav. Several Remote Nations ii. iii. 51 As soon as ever the train'd Leopards perceive their Game, they endeavour to surround him. 1791 Ess. on Shooting (ed. 2) 249 The most crafty and best trained dog. 1859 Once a Week 9 July 33/1 There was also a trained bear, which stood on his head, and stood upright and bowed with prodigious gravity to his master. 1895 M. Saunders Charles & his Lamb iv. 41 A trained seal was by turns firing off a toy cannon, playing a tambourine, and kissing his master. 1958 J. C. Ewers Blackfeet v. 104 Two boys rode double on a trained horse, leading the bronc by a rope or halter. 2006 M. Butterfield Fall 15 (caption) A trained truffle pig looks for a rare white truffle. c. Of organs, senses, capacities, etc. ΚΠ 1627 T. Newman Andrian Woman i. v. 12 May I permit her chaste well trained minde Inforced by foule want to change it kinde? 1783 J. Price Saddle put on Right Horse iv. 65 A people so mild, so docile, so obliging, and so complaisant, both warm and charm a young and well trained mind. 1801 tr. H. F. von Storch Picture of Petersburg i. 39 Surrounded by palaces and temples, shining with marble and gold, it would be disgraced by its earthern ramparts, were not the trained eye of the spectator compensated for this defect by its fine lofty tower from which it surveys the streets diverging from it as radii from their centre. 1858 N. Hawthorne French & Ital. Note-bks. (1872) I. 21 The women..have a trained expression that supplies the place of beauty. 1887 G. T. Ladd Elem. Physiol. Psychol. ii. iii. 316 Tones may be detected by the trained ear as mingled with the noises of every-day life. 1938 J. Mulholland Beware Familiar Spirits xi. 306 A person with very exceptional eyesight, trained perception, and with trained memory can see and remember after a mere glance details which another would never realize he could get in that manner. 1978 Ebony Oct. 80/2 To the trained eye of a Secret Service operative, the man was obviously a phony. 2010 A. Harvey Pathway to Health v. 44 Motility is a very subtle inherent tissue motion perceptible by the trained hand. 2. Horticulture. Grown in a desired shape or direction, esp. against a wall or on a trellis or the like.Examples with modifying adverb have not generally been included here. cordon, fan-trained, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > wild and cultivated plants > [adjective] > cultivated or planted > trained trained1683 the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > [adjective] > trained plashed1602 trained1683 espaliered1856 splashed1886 1683 J. Reid Scots Gard'ner ii. iii. 80 Well trained Trees in a Nurserie. 1766 Compl. Farmer at Peach-tree Such trees, which are of one year's growth from the budding,..will soon overtake in growth those which are called trained trees. 1786 J. Abercrombie Gardeners Daily Assistant 311 Those ready trained, denominated trained trees. 1829 Gardener's Mag. June 331 The trained plant was in a high state of vigour when the frost commenced. 1875 Etymonia iv. 66 It [sc. a summer house] was entirely of glass, the hot rays of the sun being kept off by trained creepers which covered the roof. 1909 F. M. Crawford Stradella xxi. 370 There was a path between the inside of the wall and the trained vines. 1962 Negro Digest Feb. 72 We drove through a little Arc de Triomphe of trained trees. 2006 A. Edison & J. Rabjohn Sun Valley 168/1 The owner's artistic whims and horticultural passions add irregular touches infused with energy: trained clematis climb fruit trees, [etc.]. 3. Of a person's body: (a) made fit or firm by physical exercise or exertion; (b) made slender or shaped by corsetry.See also weight-trained adj. at weight n.1 Additions. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > [adjective] > shaped by corset trained1871 1820 Blackwood's Mag. June 305/2 To see him strip—his well-train'd form, White, glowing, muscular, and warm. 1863 E. O. Haven Universities in Amer. 21 We need civil law and a sound government, and if these cannot be secured without..the paid labor of strong and educated minds and of strong and trained bodies, let the requisite demand be met. 1871 Figure Training 90 Slender and elegantly trained figures. 1876 M. E. Braddon Dead Men's Shoes II. xi. 182 She conducted her dearest Cecilia to her apartment half an hour ago with her arm round Cecilia's severely trained waist. 1918 F. Tilden Khaki 8 His broad shoulders,..his trained figure, almost like that of a professional athlete, fulfilled the deacon's estimate of him. 2002 S. Pearce & P. Martin Collector's Voice IV. iii. 237 His inspiration, he says, was ‘entirely from Fakir’ after seeing the then 19-year-old with a ‘trained’ waist. 4. Enticed, induced, attracted. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > attraction, allurement, or enticement > [adjective] > attracted, allured, or enticed temptedc1340 allured1538 trained1579 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Oct. 24 Whereto thou list their trayned willes entice. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). trainedadj.2 1. Esp. of a robe or gown: having a train as a part, attached, or following. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > having specific parts > train or tails long-taileda1450 traineda1565 coat-tailed1902 the world > the universe > constellation > comet or meteor > meteor > [adjective] > having a train trained1686 a1565 in F. G. Emmison Essex Wills (1982) (modernized text) I. 93 To..Joan Leghe my black trained gown. 1588 in Aston's Manch. Guide (1804) 25 A traynd gowne lyned wyth chamlett. 1609 G. Chapman Euthymiae Raptus E4v We discouerd, fayre, The skipping Gote; the Horses flaming Mane; Bearded, and trained Comets; Starres in wane;..And all else Metors, that did ill abode. 1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica ii. x. 291 Tayl'd and trayn'd Meteors. 1716 J. Blanch Speculum Commercii 26 The Fashion of high Head Attire, peaked up like Horns, and long train'd Gowns for Women. 1794 A. M. Bennett Ellen IV. iii. 117 Winifred, with..a black silk trained gown, muslin flounced coat, and correspondent linen, then came swimming into the room. 1831 Philos. Mag. 2nd ser. 9 79 Two bright trained meteors appeared over it, and the thermometer rose one degree. 1847 R. Chambers Vestiges Nat. Hist. Creation (ed. 6) 182 The..Pheasant family.., comprising the trained peacock, the jungle-fowl, and common poultry. 1883 ‘Sylvia’ Lady's Guide Dressmaking 107 2 trained petticoats. 1905 Daily Chron. 13 Nov. 8/1 The average middle-class English woman..should never be tempted to wear a trained skirt out of doors. 1996 Jrnl. Zool. 238 365 There is also a significant tendency for larger-trained peacocks to have high louse loads. 1996 Jrnl. Zool. 238 370 Long-trained, reproductively successful peacocks suffer a lower predation rate than short-trained individuals with low mating success. 2008 C. N. Douglas Cat in Sapphire Slipper lxxi. 382 Miss Temple Barr was a vision in a short, trained gown made of changeable silk organza. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > retainer or follower > [adjective] > accompanied by a retinue trained1593 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 2v He sent him not roially trained & accompanied, like an Embassador. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.11562adj.2a1565 |
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