traitn.

Brit.

/treɪt/,

/treɪ/, U.S.

/treɪt/

Forms: Also 1500s traite, 1600s traict.

Etymology: < French trait, in obsolete French traict , tret , draught, stroke, touch, line = Provençal trait feature < Latin tractus drawing, draught: see tract n.³ O.E.D. (1989) noted: 'The pronunciation /treɪ/, after modern French, in the 19th cent. considered in England the correct one, is becoming less general; in U.S. /treɪt/ is the established one.'

†1. ‘Shot’ of any kind, missiles; originally arrows. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > [noun] > collectively

trait1477

ammunition?1588

missilery1866

ballistics1989

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 149 Shoting on them arowes & other trait [Fr. tirerent sur eulx saietes et aultre trait].

†2. A drawing out; protraction; = tract n.³ 1. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > [noun] > long duration or lasting through time > lengthening in duration or prolonging

continuancec1374

prorogationc1400

prolongation?a1425

training1440

lengthingc1480

enlonging1509

prolonging1528

protraction1535

protract of time1536

productionc1540

trait1545

lengthening1574

continuation1587

prolongment1593

conserving1610

extensiona1631

wire-drawing1640

continuing1643

spinning1644

permansion1646

1545 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 169 Then..tapper [= to appear] for heryng of the matter without any further traite of tyme.

†3. That which is drawn; a line, streak, stripe. Scottish. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > condition of being long in relation to breadth > [noun] > long narrow object (varied general uses)

straina1529

trait1561

thread1593

stream1597

wire1601

streak1726

1561 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 133 Item ane claith of estate of fresit claith of gold and traitis of violet silk partit equalie with violet velvot. [Cf. below Drauchtis of violett silk partit equalie with violett velvot.]

a. A stroke made with pen or pencil; a short line; a touch (in a picture).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > [noun] > stroke of pen or brush

draughtc1305

hand1567

trait1589

hair-stroke1634

masterstroke1679

stroke1815

slick1881

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. i. 115 The skilfull painters [chief praise] is in the good conueyance of his coulours and shadowing traits of his pensill.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. xi. 550 In these [unfinished paintings] a man may (as it were) see what traicts and lineaments remaine to bee done.

1756 J. Kennedy Curiosities of Wilton House (1786) 45 The Traits are most beautiful, and the Sculpture of the very best Ages.

1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 141 The copy..is correct to a trait.

figurative.1860 B. F. Westcott Introd. Study Gospels (1881) vi. 340 The picture which he draws can be completed by traits taken from the other Evangelists.1863 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Greece & Greeks I. vi. 160 Let me now sketch some traits from that grand vision.

†b. Something penned; a line, passage, or piece of writing. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > layout > [noun] > line

lineOE

rowc1450

trait1572

1572 Abp. M. Parker Let. 25 Dec. in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 414 In reading some words thereof..ye may think he hath mine information, but before God that trait was only of himself.

5. A line or lineament of the face; a feature.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > feature > [noun]

track1513

lineamenta1535

delineament1596

tract1606

miniature1630

remark1660

trait1773

signalment1779

feature1828

1773 Life N. Frowde 52 The ten Thousand lovely Traits, that dwelt in every Feature of her radiant Face.

1809 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 21 329 The latter inherits the general exterior resemblance of his father, or even his shape, characteristic traits, looks, or voice.

1821 P. B. Shelley Let. 15 Aug. (1964) II. 334 Her face is somewhat altered—The traits have become more delicate.

1860 R. W. Emerson Behaviour in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 160 A man finds room in the few square inches of the face for the traits of all his ancestors.

a. A particular feature of mind or character; a distinguishing quality; a characteristic; spec. of a culture or social group. Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > disposition or character > [noun] > distinguishing feature

thewc888

qualitya1400

vein1536

trick1608

idiosyncrasy1661

personality1710

turn1729

trait1752

character trait1792

society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > [noun]

tokenc1000

distinctionc1374

differencea1398

signeta1425

knowledge?c1475

smell?a1505

markc1522

badge1529

note1583

impress1590

monument1590

type1595

stamp1600

pressure1604

mintage1612

criterion1613

impressa1628

differencer1633

lineament1638

mole1644

discrimination1646

tessera1647

diagnostic1651

monumental1657

discretive1660

signate1662

footmark1666

trait1752

memorandum1766

fingerprint1792

insignia1796

identifier1807

designative1824

cachet1840

differentiator1854

tanga1867

trademark1869

signature1873

totem1875

differential1883

earmarkings1888

paw print1894

discriminator1943

ident1952

1752 H. Walpole Lett. to H. Mann 28 Oct. A most sensible trait of the King.

1797 Monthly Mag. 3 494 That love of order, which is a remarkable trait in his character.

1803 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. p. ccxxxi A very excellent young man, and has all the traits for making an excellent seaman and naval officer.

1807 Salmagundi 13 Feb. 41 Who have no national trait about them but their language.

1859 F. C. L. Wraxall tr. J. E. Robert-Houdin Mem. xviii. 258 A pleasing trait of English manners and customs.

1897 Gen. H. Porter in Cent. Mag. Sept. 744/1 Sheridan now began to exhibit those traits which always made him a tower of strength.

1916 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 21 656 In maize culture as practiced by American farmers we have a fine example of a borrowed culture trait.

1916 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 21 659 The colonists took over all the essential parts of the trait-complex.

1936 R. Linton Study of Man xvi. 280 During this [trial] period both the new trait and the old trait or traits with which it is competing become Alternatives within the total culture complex.

1936 R. Linton Study of Man xxii. 397 Every trait is intimately associated with some other trait or traits to form a larger functional unit commonly known as a trait complex.

1947 G. Murphy Personality xxi. 506 Most of the trait names that are used represent general action tendencies; and as soon as they are applied to oneself, or..to others, they stimulate a trait psychology in their user.

1976 A. Haley Roots vii. 21 Kunta would always turn and walk away, thus displaying the dignity and self-command that his mother had taught him were the proudest traits of the Mandinka tribe.

1977 R. Holland Self & Social Context v. 165 Trait models of professions attempt to list the characteristics of professional activity..as though some essential quality will be revealed by describing and comparing the many examples.

b. Of a thing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > [noun] > a characteristic

privilegec1225

distinctionc1374

propertyc1390

tachea1400

pointa1425

specialty?a1425

difference?c1425

conditionc1460

markc1522

touch1528

specialty1532

differentia1551

character?1569

formality1570

particularity1585

peculiar1589

accent1591

appropriation1600

characterism1603

peculiarity1606

resemblance1622

propera1626

speciality1625

specificationa1631

appropriament1633

characteristic1646

discrimination1646

diagnostic1651

characteristical1660

stroke1666

talent1670

physiognomya1680

oddity1713

distinctive1816

spécialité1836

trait1864

flavour1866

middle name1905

discriminant1920

discriminator1943

1864 F. C. Bowen Logic (1870) i. 7 The Concept refers to all the things whose common or similar attributes or traits it conceives.

1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi xxiv. 496 This trait was confined to the cool highlands.

1869 H. F. Tozer Res. Highlands of Turkey II. 269 The character of the tales has been altered.., yet..the original traits have..been preserved.

1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues I. 254 Some lesser traits of the dialogue may be noted.

c. A ‘touch’ of some quality. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > a small quantity or amount > a slight touch or trace

specec1330

taste1390

lisounc1400

savourc1400

smatcha1500

smell?a1505

spice1531

smack1539

shadow1586

surmise1586

relish1590

tang1593

touch1597

stain1609

tincture1612

dasha1616

soula1616

twanga1640

whiff1644

haut-goût1650

casta1661

stricturea1672

tinge1736

tinct1752

vestige1756

smattering1764

soupçon1766

smutch1776

shade1791

suspicion1809

lineament1811

trait1815

tint1817

trace1827

skiff1839

spicing1844

smudgea1871

ghost1887

1815 W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 56 (note) A poem..wherein are to be found many traits of exuberant genius.

1830 T. Moore Byron I. 328 A trait of pathos or high feeling, in comedy, has a peculiar charm.

1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 343 Many traits of almost parental kindness on the part of the masters.

7. A stroke:

†a. of skill or cunning. double trait, a stroke of double dealing. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > [noun] > double-dealing, duplicity > instance of

double traita1625

double-cross1896

a1625 in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) I. 187 You deal with a Nation that hath playd more double Traits..than all the World beside.

b. of wit, sarcasm, pleasantry.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [noun] > instance of

gesta1387

quippy1519

quip1532

irony1534

nip1549

taunta1566

slent?1567

gamegall1577

yark1577

veny1586

jerk1590

wipe1596

glance1602

satire1606

by-wipe1641

quib1656

trait1704

skit1727

slant1825

ironism1842

wiper1846

by-quip1855

satirization1868

snapper1890

crack1896

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > wit with words > sarcasm > [noun] > instance of

quippy1519

quip1532

taunta1566

slent?1567

wipe1596

quib1656

trait1704

slant1825

wisecrack1924

1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub Ep. Ded. 10 Embelish'd with Traits of Wit so poignant and so apposite.

1781 H. Walpole Let. to H. S. Conway 16 Sept. In Voltaire's letters are some bitter traits on the King of Prussia.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 164 When he fell From talk of war to traits of pleasantry.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	trait
释义	traitn. Brit. /treɪt/, /treɪ/, U.S. /treɪt/ Forms: Also 1500s traite, 1600s traict. Etymology: < French trait, in obsolete French traict , tret , draught, stroke, touch, line = Provençal trait feature < Latin tractus drawing, draught: see tract n.³ O.E.D. (1989) noted: 'The pronunciation /treɪ/, after modern French, in the 19th cent. considered in England the correct one, is becoming less general; in U.S. /treɪt/ is the established one.' †1. ‘Shot’ of any kind, missiles; originally arrows. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > [noun] > collectively trait1477 ammunition?1588 missilery1866 ballistics1989 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 149 Shoting on them arowes & other trait [Fr. tirerent sur eulx saietes et aultre trait]. †2. A drawing out; protraction; = tract n.³ 1. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > [noun] > long duration or lasting through time > lengthening in duration or prolonging continuancec1374 prorogationc1400 prolongation?a1425 training1440 lengthingc1480 enlonging1509 prolonging1528 protraction1535 protract of time1536 productionc1540 trait1545 lengthening1574 continuation1587 prolongment1593 conserving1610 extensiona1631 wire-drawing1640 continuing1643 spinning1644 permansion1646 1545 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 169 Then..tapper [= to appear] for heryng of the matter without any further traite of tyme. †3. That which is drawn; a line, streak, stripe. Scottish. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > condition of being long in relation to breadth > [noun] > long narrow object (varied general uses) straina1529 trait1561 thread1593 stream1597 wire1601 streak1726 1561 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 133 Item ane claith of estate of fresit claith of gold and traitis of violet silk partit equalie with violet velvot. [Cf. below Drauchtis of violett silk partit equalie with violett velvot.] 4. a. A stroke made with pen or pencil; a short line; a touch (in a picture). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > [noun] > stroke of pen or brush draughtc1305 hand1567 trait1589 hair-stroke1634 masterstroke1679 stroke1815 slick1881 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. i. 115 The skilfull painters [chief praise] is in the good conueyance of his coulours and shadowing traits of his pensill. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. xi. 550 In these [unfinished paintings] a man may (as it were) see what traicts and lineaments remaine to bee done. 1756 J. Kennedy Curiosities of Wilton House (1786) 45 The Traits are most beautiful, and the Sculpture of the very best Ages. 1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 141 The copy..is correct to a trait. figurative.1860 B. F. Westcott Introd. Study Gospels (1881) vi. 340 The picture which he draws can be completed by traits taken from the other Evangelists.1863 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Greece & Greeks I. vi. 160 Let me now sketch some traits from that grand vision. †b. Something penned; a line, passage, or piece of writing. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > layout > [noun] > line lineOE rowc1450 trait1572 1572 Abp. M. Parker Let. 25 Dec. in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 414 In reading some words thereof..ye may think he hath mine information, but before God that trait was only of himself. 5. A line or lineament of the face; a feature. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > feature > [noun] track1513 lineamenta1535 delineament1596 tract1606 miniature1630 remark1660 trait1773 signalment1779 feature1828 1773 Life N. Frowde 52 The ten Thousand lovely Traits, that dwelt in every Feature of her radiant Face. 1809 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 21 329 The latter inherits the general exterior resemblance of his father, or even his shape, characteristic traits, looks, or voice. 1821 P. B. Shelley Let. 15 Aug. (1964) II. 334 Her face is somewhat altered—The traits have become more delicate. 1860 R. W. Emerson Behaviour in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 160 A man finds room in the few square inches of the face for the traits of all his ancestors. 6. a. A particular feature of mind or character; a distinguishing quality; a characteristic; spec. of a culture or social group. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > disposition or character > [noun] > distinguishing feature thewc888 qualitya1400 vein1536 trick1608 idiosyncrasy1661 personality1710 turn1729 trait1752 character trait1792 society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > [noun] tokenc1000 distinctionc1374 differencea1398 signeta1425 knowledge?c1475 smell?a1505 markc1522 badge1529 note1583 impress1590 monument1590 type1595 stamp1600 pressure1604 mintage1612 criterion1613 impressa1628 differencer1633 lineament1638 mole1644 discrimination1646 tessera1647 diagnostic1651 monumental1657 discretive1660 signate1662 footmark1666 trait1752 memorandum1766 fingerprint1792 insignia1796 identifier1807 designative1824 cachet1840 differentiator1854 tanga1867 trademark1869 signature1873 totem1875 differential1883 earmarkings1888 paw print1894 discriminator1943 ident1952 1752 H. Walpole Lett. to H. Mann 28 Oct. A most sensible trait of the King. 1797 Monthly Mag. 3 494 That love of order, which is a remarkable trait in his character. 1803 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. p. ccxxxi A very excellent young man, and has all the traits for making an excellent seaman and naval officer. 1807 Salmagundi 13 Feb. 41 Who have no national trait about them but their language. 1859 F. C. L. Wraxall tr. J. E. Robert-Houdin Mem. xviii. 258 A pleasing trait of English manners and customs. 1897 Gen. H. Porter in Cent. Mag. Sept. 744/1 Sheridan now began to exhibit those traits which always made him a tower of strength. 1916 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 21 656 In maize culture as practiced by American farmers we have a fine example of a borrowed culture trait. 1916 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 21 659 The colonists took over all the essential parts of the trait-complex. 1936 R. Linton Study of Man xvi. 280 During this [trial] period both the new trait and the old trait or traits with which it is competing become Alternatives within the total culture complex. 1936 R. Linton Study of Man xxii. 397 Every trait is intimately associated with some other trait or traits to form a larger functional unit commonly known as a trait complex. 1947 G. Murphy Personality xxi. 506 Most of the trait names that are used represent general action tendencies; and as soon as they are applied to oneself, or..to others, they stimulate a trait psychology in their user. 1976 A. Haley Roots vii. 21 Kunta would always turn and walk away, thus displaying the dignity and self-command that his mother had taught him were the proudest traits of the Mandinka tribe. 1977 R. Holland Self & Social Context v. 165 Trait models of professions attempt to list the characteristics of professional activity..as though some essential quality will be revealed by describing and comparing the many examples. b. Of a thing. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > [noun] > a characteristic privilegec1225 distinctionc1374 propertyc1390 tachea1400 pointa1425 specialty?a1425 difference?c1425 conditionc1460 markc1522 touch1528 specialty1532 differentia1551 character?1569 formality1570 particularity1585 peculiar1589 accent1591 appropriation1600 characterism1603 peculiarity1606 resemblance1622 propera1626 speciality1625 specificationa1631 appropriament1633 characteristic1646 discrimination1646 diagnostic1651 characteristical1660 stroke1666 talent1670 physiognomya1680 oddity1713 distinctive1816 spécialité1836 trait1864 flavour1866 middle name1905 discriminant1920 discriminator1943 1864 F. C. Bowen Logic (1870) i. 7 The Concept refers to all the things whose common or similar attributes or traits it conceives. 1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi xxiv. 496 This trait was confined to the cool highlands. 1869 H. F. Tozer Res. Highlands of Turkey II. 269 The character of the tales has been altered.., yet..the original traits have..been preserved. 1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues I. 254 Some lesser traits of the dialogue may be noted. c. A ‘touch’ of some quality. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > a small quantity or amount > a slight touch or trace specec1330 taste1390 lisounc1400 savourc1400 smatcha1500 smell?a1505 spice1531 smack1539 shadow1586 surmise1586 relish1590 tang1593 touch1597 stain1609 tincture1612 dasha1616 soula1616 twanga1640 whiff1644 haut-goût1650 casta1661 stricturea1672 tinge1736 tinct1752 vestige1756 smattering1764 soupçon1766 smutch1776 shade1791 suspicion1809 lineament1811 trait1815 tint1817 trace1827 skiff1839 spicing1844 smudgea1871 ghost1887 1815 W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 56 (note) A poem..wherein are to be found many traits of exuberant genius. 1830 T. Moore Byron I. 328 A trait of pathos or high feeling, in comedy, has a peculiar charm. 1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 343 Many traits of almost parental kindness on the part of the masters. 7. A stroke: †a. of skill or cunning. double trait, a stroke of double dealing. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > [noun] > double-dealing, duplicity > instance of double traita1625 double-cross1896 a1625 in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) I. 187 You deal with a Nation that hath playd more double Traits..than all the World beside. b. of wit, sarcasm, pleasantry. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [noun] > instance of gesta1387 quippy1519 quip1532 irony1534 nip1549 taunta1566 slent?1567 gamegall1577 yark1577 veny1586 jerk1590 wipe1596 glance1602 satire1606 by-wipe1641 quib1656 trait1704 skit1727 slant1825 ironism1842 wiper1846 by-quip1855 satirization1868 snapper1890 crack1896 the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > wit with words > sarcasm > [noun] > instance of quippy1519 quip1532 taunta1566 slent?1567 wipe1596 quib1656 trait1704 slant1825 wisecrack1924 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub Ep. Ded. 10 Embelish'd with Traits of Wit so poignant and so apposite. 1781 H. Walpole Let. to H. S. Conway 16 Sept. In Voltaire's letters are some bitter traits on the King of Prussia. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 164 When he fell From talk of war to traits of pleasantry. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1477
随便看	uncardinal uncared for uncared-for uncaredfor uncaredly uncareful uncarefully uncarefulness uncaressed uncaricatured uncaring uncaringly uncaringness uncarnate uncarnating uncarnivorous uncarpeted uncarried uncart uncartable uncarted uncarting uncarts uncarved uncase