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单词 transition state
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transition state
transition state n. a state that is intermediate between two other states; (in a chemical reaction) a short-lived association of atoms representing the state of highest potential energy of the reaction pathway.The atoms subsequently dissociate to form the reaction products.With quot. 1806 cf. sense Compounds 1b.
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1806 Brit. Critic Oct. 433 From the general nature of the rocks of that country, he suspects it is transition state, or fine grained graywacke.
1841 J. S. Buckingham Amer. I. 461 Baltimore..appears from the very first to have been peopled by a race that never had this transition-state to pass through.
1936 S. Glasstone Recent Adv. in Gen. Chem. vii. 308 At the top of the barrier the system is in the form known as the ‘activated complex’ (Eyring) or ‘transition state’ (Polanyi): it then has energy E, the activation energy, in excess of the zero-point energy of the initial state.
1964 Q. Rev. Chem. Soc. 18 45 If the transition state of a rate-determining step is stabilised in this way, an increased reaction rate results.
2000 Sci. Amer. Jan. 11/2 Transition states last only 10 to 100 femtoseconds, so the laser pulses needed to probe them must be extraordinarily short.
2005 Guardian (Nexis) 19 Apr. 23 I experienced..a hypnagogic hallucination, a product of the transition state of semi-consciousness between sleeping and waking.
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更新时间:2024/12/25 12:29:24