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单词 truce
释义

trucen.

Brit. /truːs/, U.S. /trus/
Forms: α. singular Middle English truwe, Middle English trewe, Middle English tru, Middle English–1500s trew, Middle English–1600s true. β. plural Middle English triwes, triws, Middle English treus, treuwes, Scottish trowis, Middle English–1500s trewes, trues, Middle English trewys, triew(i)s, trieux, tryew(e)s, trowes, truwes, truwys, trwes, trwys, trux, Middle English–1500s trews, treux, Middle English (Middle English–1600s Scottish) trewis, 1500s treuis, treuys; treuges. γ. Middle English trewysse, truyse, Middle English–1500s trewse, truxe, Middle English–1600s truse, 1500s trewice, trewyce, treuce, trewce, trwce, trusse, 1600s trousse, Middle English– truce.
Etymology: Middle English trewe and triewe , mostly in plural form trewes and triewes < Old English tréow , noun masculine (feminine plural tréwa ), ‘truth or fidelity to a promise, good faith, assurance of faith or truth, promise, engagement, covenant, league’, = Old East Frisian tríuwe , Old West Frisian and Middle Dutch trouwe (Dutch trouw ), Old Saxon treuwa , tríuwa , Old High German tríuwa (Middle High German triuwe , German treue ) < West German *trewwa , Gothic triggwa ‘covenant’ (whence late Latin and Romanic tregua , treuga , French trève ); also, in ablaut form, Old English trúwa , noun masculine and plural -an ; = Old Norse trúa , trú , Norwegian trū , Swedish trōa : see true adj. Already in Old English the plural tréwa was often used in the sense of the singular; this became still more frequent with the Middle English plural trewes, triues, triwes, trues, and finally this, as trews, trewse, truse, truce, became the received singular (apparently in reference to the pledges or engagements given by both parties), with a new plural truses, truces, when required. Compare cherries, pease. See also trève from French, and the rare treuges after Medieval Latin treugas.
1.
a. A suspension of hostilities for a specified period between armies at war (formerly also between combatants in a private feud or quarrel); a temporary peace or cessation from arms; an armistice; also, an agreement or treaty effecting this. to take, cry, call (a) truce, to make, call for a truce. flag of truce: see flag n.4 1b.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > peace > [noun] > cessation of hostilities > suspension of hostilities
truce?c1225
abstinence1386
induces1490
abstinence, prorogation of war1517
surseance1523
stay1563
surceasance1587
treague1590
suspension of arms or hostilities1603
cessation1628
still-stand1637
armistice1677
ceasefire1918
α.
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 193 If þou pes wille ȝerne,..& trewe for seuen ȝere, I consent þertille.
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 275 For þre days trewe þe Inglis him hete.
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 1284–6 (1312–4) It is now a truwe..And er þat truwe is don I shal ben here.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. clxxxi. f. cvv To requyre a trewe or trewse for .iii. Monethes.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7874 Then takyn was the true.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8372 For a trew to be takon of a tyme short.
1575 T. Churchyard 1st Pt. Chippes f. 2 But ere the heate, of this great skirmishe grew The Dowager, with trumpet toke a trew.
β. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 210 He..brekeð þe triwes & wrekeð him o þe oðer him seoluen.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 10005 He..triwes nom of saladin.c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 7843 Þorow trist of trues..Þey sette a day of Parlement.a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 413 Whan Hector was i-buried, were trewes i-take for a ȝere.1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 337 Trewes [v.r. truwes] were i-take bytwene þe kynges.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 26768 As trewes þat is tane.1442 Rolls of Parl. V. 44/2 Ayenst þe fourme of trieux..betwixt..England and Scotland had and concludyd.1483 in T. Rymer Fœdera (1711) XII. 174/1 By thies Presentis is made..assured Treux and Abstinence of Werre for oon hool Yere.1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 306 b/1 The Crysten men tooke triews for thre dayes.1496 Act 12 Hen. VII c. 13 §15 After the seid perfite peas be had and concluded, or such abstynence of Warre, Trux and Peax for a tyme be had and made.1524 J. Alen in J. S. Brewer & W. Bullen Cal. Carew MSS. (1867) I. 25 The patched and inhonorable treuges, which by inforcement of pure necessity be tolerated.1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 75 Trues ar bund, mariages ar maid with sum of the Inhabitouris.γ. 14.. in Wars Eng. in France (1864) II. 526 The tyme that the last truxe was take betwene Herre the VI...and his aduersarie of Fraunce.c1440 Generydes 5882 To graunt them truse for ij monethis day.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 503/2 Truwys, or truce of pees.1483 Cath. Angl. 393/1 Trewysse, inducie. a1513Trewse [see α. ]. 1538 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) II. 124 To offer therfor a longer treux.1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Trewice, fœdus,..induciæ.1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xlj Yt eyther a suer peace, or els a long treuce may be taken.1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 634 They obserue three dayes in a week truce, when euery man may travell or barter safely.1621 in W. Foster Eng. Factories India 1618–21 (1906) 306 Truse taken betwene the Mogull and them.a1780 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip III (1839) 145 To put a period to the miseries attendant upon war, by a peace or truce.1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. II. xiv. 148 A truce which in the following November became a permanent peace.
b. Loosely or vaguely: Cessation or absence of hostilities (without limitation of time); peace.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > peace > [noun] > cessation of hostilities
truce1377
treve1406
truenessa1425
surseance1523
society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > [noun] > cessation from hostile proceedings
truce1377
recess1516
truce1560
armistice1736
pax1843
cool1958
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 416 Trewes, quod treuth..Clippe we in couenaunt, & vch of vs cusse other.
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 154 Nocht brekand gude faith, and namely fra trewis be gevin our and diffiaunce maid.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Macc. vi. 49 The kynge toke truce with them that were in Bethsura.
1578 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. (new ed.) Table RRRR vj/1 I will put my couenaunt betwene me and thee: and betwene thy seede after thee..by an euerlasting truce.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. ii. 399 Behold the peacefull Doue Brings in her beake the Peace-branch, boading weale And truce with God.
c. A document recording the terms of a truce. Scottish. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > agreement > [noun] > terms of agreement > document recording terms
truce1502
blank chart1707
carte blanche1707
1502 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 350 To illumyn the trewis and the conjunct infeftment.
d. Scots Law. A suspension of judicial proceedings; a stay. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [noun] > a stay or suspension of proceedings
stay1542
suspension1581
truce1609
sisting1648
sist1686
1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem ii. 112 And therfore this time is called induciæ deliberatoriæ, because..the pley ceases, and stayes: and trewis are taken betwixt the parties.
e. day of truce, a court held by the Wardens of the Marches (of England and Scotland), or the day appointed for this, on which a truce was observed. Also called truce-day n. at Compounds 1).
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > of battles, wars, treaties, etc.
day of truce1486
Evil May Dayc1590
Bonfire Night1661
Pope Day1769
Pope Night1773
the Fourth (of July)1779
Town Taking Day1788
Independence Day1791
Independent Day1803
Guy Fawkes day1825
Bastille Day1837
Trafalgar Day1837
Turkey Day1870
Canada Day1882
Juneteenth1890
flag-day1894
Patriots' Day1894
Remembrance Day1895
twelfth1896
Quatorze Juillet1899
quatorze1915
Armistice Day1918
Poppy Day1921
Remembrance Sunday1925
VJ-day1944
Commonwealth Day1958
society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > courts held by Wardens of Marches
march1398
Warden-court1434
day of truce1486
society > armed hostility > peace > [noun] > cessation of hostilities > suspension of hostilities > day of
day of truce1486
1486–7 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 56 Ye prepared yourselfe to have ridden with me to this day of trewe.
1564 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 282 Accustumat to serve and await upoun the wardane at all dayis of trew.
1863 S. S. Jones Northumberland 162 The days of Trews, or Warden Courts, had to be held frequently.
f. truce of God, a suspension of hostilities between armies, or of private feuds, ordered by the Church during certain days and seasons in medieval times. Hence allusively.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > peace > [noun] > cessation of hostilities > suspension of hostilities > type of
truce of God1728
burial-truce1850
market-peace1872
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > [noun] > truce during
truce of God1728
a867 in G. Mansi Concilia XV. 448 Pax vero illa quam treguam Dei dicimus, fideliter observetur.]
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Treve de Dieu A Phrase famous in the Histories of the XIth Century; when the Disorders and Licences of private Wars..oblig'd the Bishops of France to forbid such Violences within certain Times, under Canonical Pains. Those Intervals they call'd Treve de Dieu, q.d. Truce of God.
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth xi, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 278 The Church of Rome..had decided, that during the holy season of Easter..the sword of war should be sheathed, and angry monarchs should respect the season termed the Truce of God.
1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows i. 20 It was Sunday, and I gave him the benefit of its gracious truce of God.
g. A temporary pause or respite during a game. Hence, used to demand such a truce (cf. sense 2b).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > [noun] > truce
parley1723
truce1870
1870 Notes & Queries 4th Ser. VI. 415/2 ‘Fains’, or ‘Fain it’—A term demanding a ‘truce’ during the progress of any game, which is always granted by the opposing party.
1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren viii. 142 Children were sensitive to the difference between making a truce and surrendering.
2.
a. Figurative and allusive uses (from 1).
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > [noun] > cessation from hostile proceedings
truce1377
recess1516
truce1560
armistice1736
pax1843
cool1958
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxl He would now take occasion to breake that treuce of Religion.
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. ii. 74 The seas and winds (old wranglers) tooke a truce . View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) ii. ii. 148 Keepe then faire league and truce with thy true bed. View more context for this quotation
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 220 The King foresaw the storme, and thought it safest first to cry truce with the people.
a1711 T. Ken Wks. (1721) I. 52 But jealous Fears no Truce with Tyrants make.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 159 Between the bigoted followers of Laud and the bigoted followers of Calvin there could be neither peace nor truce.
b. king's truce: a cry for the discontinuance of a game. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > [interjection] > call for truce
king's truce1608
skinch1894
1608 J. Day Humour out of Breath sig. F4v Hort. What haue I catchd you? Pa. Kisse her and let her goe. Hort. Kings truce till I breath a little.
3.
a. Hence, Respite or intermission (more loosely, freedom or liberty) from something irksome, painful, or oppressive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > completing > [noun] > an end to or break from something unpleasant
truce1567
1567 T. Drant in tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie To Rdr. sig. *v To take truce with mine other studyes,..and to become a sillye translator rythmical.
1598 J. Dickenson Greene in Conceipt 60 Till death gaue truce to hir distresses.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 526 Where he may..find Truce to his restless thoughts. View more context for this quotation
1713 J. Swift Imit. Horace Epist. (ed. 2) 11 Truce, good my lord, I beg a truce,..Your raillery is misapply'd.
1859–69 C. Heavysege Saul (ed. 3) 337 Let us dry these unavailing tears, And, with such truce to sorrow as we may, Wend each..his..several road.
b. In interjectional phrase (a) truce with, now usually (a) truce to, enough of, have done with.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ceasing > here I will stop [phrase] > have done with
no morec1385
(a) truce with1700
(a) truce to1786
1700 W. Congreve Way of World ii. i. 26 Truce with your Similitudes: For I am as sick of 'em.
1757 R. Griffith & E. Griffith Lett. Henry & Frances II. cclx. 217 But a Truce with the Subject; for I am determined never to mention it more.
1786 S. Henley tr. W. Beckford Arabian Tale 157 I am going on affairs of emergency; a truce, therefore to parade!
1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. ii. i. 187 A truce to this light conversation.
1846 R. Browning Soul's Trag. in Bells & Pomegranates No. VIII i Truce with toying for this once!
1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 249 Truce to such old sad contention.

Compounds

General attributive.
C1. General attributive.
truce-day n. (also day of truce) Obsolete
ΚΠ
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1413/2 Slaine..by a Scot..as they met vpon a true daie.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 403 In a tumult upon a True-day in the midle marches.
truce-day n.
truce-flag n.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > peace > [noun] > cessation of hostilities > suspension of hostilities > flag of
white flag1578
flag1582
white colours1614
truce-flag1876
1876 T. Hardy Hand of Ethelberta II. xlvii. 264 A little tufted white feather..like a truce-flag between the blood of noble and vassal.
truce-note n.
ΚΠ
1674 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 4) True-place, i.e. a place of Parley and Conference in Northumberland, antiently so called.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake vi. 274 Clarion and trumpet..Rung forth a truce-note.
truce-place n.
truce-place n.
C2. Objective.
a.
truce-bearer n.
ΚΠ
1853 W. J. Hickie tr. Aristophanes Comedies I. 11 This truce-bearer would not have so easily escaped.
truce-breaker n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > unfaithfulness > unfaithful person > [noun] > breaking truce
truce-breaker1534
society > armed hostility > war > militarism > [noun] > warmongering > warmonger > one who breaks peace or truce
peace-breaker?1533
truce-breaker1534
society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > unfaithfulness > [noun] > breach of truce > one who
truce-breaker1534
1534 Bible (Tyndale rev. Joye) 2 Tim. iii. 3 Vnkinde, truce-breakers, stubborn.
1625 K. Long tr. J. Barclay Argenis i. xx. 61 The Herald..rehearses a long prayer, contayning many curses against Trvce-breakers.
1949 A. Koestler Promise & Fulfilm. ii. v. 265 The Egyptians having officially been branded as truce~breakers.
truce-maker n.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > peace > pacification > [noun] > peacemaker
peacemaker?a1425
make-peacea1513
pacifier1533
compounder1539
pacificator1539
truce-maker1552
ground-layer1603
stickler1615
peace-wright1718
peacemonger1808
honest broker1878
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Trewice maker, symmachus.
truce-taker n.
ΚΠ
1483 Cath. Angl. 393/1 Trews taker.
b.
truce-breaking n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > treachery or treason > [adjective]
lewec1000
culvert?c1225
false?c1225
fokela1275
colwardc1330
treacherousc1330
traitorousc1380
traitora1400
treasonfula1400
traitorfulc1440
treasonousc1450
treasonable1487
proditiousa1500
proditorya1500
unfaithful1530
trustless1554
traitorlya1586
Punic1590
truce-breaking1592
faiterous1600
Iscarioticala1625
betraying1629
infide1663
traditoriana1734
Iscariotic1879
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > treachery or treason > treacherous action > [noun] > instance
treacheryc1300
treasonc1330
troth-breakinga1400
truce-breaking1592
double-cross1896
society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > unfaithfulness > [noun] > breach of truce
truce-breaking1592
society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > unfaithfulness > [adjective] > breaking truce
truce-breaking1719
1592 T. Tymme Plaine Discouerie Ten Eng. Lepers vii. I j A wilful trucebreaking and perjurie.
1719 Free-thinker No. 110. 1 An unjust, Truce-breaking Prince.
truce-hating n.
ΚΠ
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 39 Truce-hating Twinnes.
truce-making n.
ΚΠ
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. clxii. 197 Without any peace or trewse makynge.
truce-taking n.
ΚΠ
1533 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1905) VI. 138 For keping of gude reule during the trewis taking.
1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 471 This tranquilitie of the sea..as a trewes taking in the Winter, called the Halcions daies.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

trucev.

Brit. /truːs/, U.S. /trus/
Forms: Also 1500s truse.
Etymology: < truce n.
Now rare.
1. intransitive. To make a truce.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > peace > be at peace [verb (intransitive)] > cease hostilities
to sheathe the swordc1430
to bury the hatchet1535
truce1569
1569 T. Stocker tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Successors Alexander iii. v. 109 Who after that victorie, trused with the Aretians.
1732 H. Fielding Mod. Husband ii. 30 If you please, my Lord, to truce with your Proposals.
1893 E. L. Wakeman in Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch 25 May The factions had attacked each other, retreated, parleyed, blarneyed, scorned, truced.
2. transitive. To bring to an end by or as by means of a truce; to put an end to.
ΚΠ
1618 T. Middleton Peace-maker sig. B Spaine..betwixt whome and England, the Ocean ranne with blood.., nor euer truc'd her crimson effusion.
1703 T. Baker Tunbridge-walks ii. sig. C4v We may Truce the Debate.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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