actonn.

Brit.

/ˈaktən/, U.S.

/ˈæktən/

Forms: Middle English acketoun, Middle English acketton, Middle English acotoun, Middle English actoune, Middle English akatown, Middle English akedoun, Middle English aketoun, Middle English akton, Middle English– acton, Middle English– aketon, 1700s acketon; also Scottish pre-1700 actone, pre-1700 actoun, pre-1700 actowne; N.E.D. (1884) also records forms late Middle English acketon, late Middle English aktone.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French aketoun.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman aketoun, aketon, aketun, aketoune, aketune, actone, Anglo-Norman and Old French auqueton (12th cent. in Old French as alqueton; also 12th cent. in sense ‘cotton fabric’) < Spanish †alcoton cotton (late 13th cent. or earlier; 950 as †algoton ; now algodón (late 13th cent.)) or its etymon Spanish Arabic al-quṭūn cotton, regional variant of classical Arabic al-quṭn < al the + quṭn cotton n.¹ Compare Old Occitan aucoton (c1150), alcoto (late 12th cent.) padded military tunic (Occitan auqueton child's jerkin). Compare also haqueton n. and its etymons Anglo-Norman hauketon , haketon , Middle French hauqueton (2nd half of the 15th cent.), Middle French, French hoqueton (14th cent.), with h- probably by association with Old French heuque , huque huke n.The following probably shows the Anglo-Norman rather than the English word.1338 Exchequer Accts. (Public Rec. Office) 20/37 Aketon pro defensione hominum ad arma.

Chiefly historical in later use.

A padded jacket or jerkin worn under armour for protection; (also) such a garment worn on its own. Also figurative. Cf. haqueton n.Recorded earliest in acton-maker.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > plate-coat or -jacket

coatc1300

acton1328

jackc1380

haquetona1400

jazeranta1400

coat of fence1490

halkrig1516

plate-coat1521

coat-armour1603

coat of arms1613

plate-jackc1720

jacket1916

flak jacket1956

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > stuffed jacket

gambeson1306

pourpointa1325

campesonc1325

acton1328

stuffc1330

haquetona1400

quilta1425

trussing-coat1493

wambais1761

1328 in G. Fransson Middle Eng. Surnames (1935) 114 (MED) Ric. le Aketonmaker.

c1350 Nominale in MS Cambr. Ee.4.20 563 Basenet et aketoun, basenet and aketoun.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Sir Thopas (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 148 And next his Sherte an Aketoun And ouer that an haubergeoun.

c1440 (?a1400) Sir Perceval (1930) l. 1102 (MED) Bloderede was his stede, His akton and his oþer wede.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xlv. l. 474 Here hors, here Armures, here Akatowns.

1496 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (de Worde) x. vi. sig. zvi^v/1 We muste do aboue the Jacke or the acton of charyte.

a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xi. Prol. l. 117 Of fre will thyne acton is sa wight Nane may it pers, wilt thou resist.

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 879/1 The Byshoppe had vpon him a certayne coate of defence, whiche was called an Aketon.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 25 That ilk laick landed man haueand ten punds in gudes and geir, sall haue for his bodie, and for defence of the Realme, ane sufficient Acton, ane basnet, and ane gloue of plate.

1656 W. Dugdale Antiq. Warwickshire 611/1 C. to have Aketones and Hauberts, and CCC with Haketones and Bacinets, besides those which ought to be armed according to the Statute of Winchester.

1786 F. Grose Treat. Anc. Armour 18 The acketon was occasionally put on under the jazerant or coat of mail.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iii. vi. 68 But Cranstoun's lance, of more avail..Through shield, and jack, and acton, past.

1831 Fraser's Mag. 4 299 The remains of actons and plaids were whirled high upon the precipices.

1908 Chambers's Jrnl. Nov. 807/2 Every lay person..should be bound to have..one sufficient aketon or tunic (probably padded and studded with small bits of iron).

1956 Speculum 31 103 The ‘five-pound’ class were to arm themselves with a horse, aketon, basinet, and plate gauntlets.

1988 J. Seabrook Leisure Society v. 115 During the probation period for newcomers, they have to make their own sword and an ackton—that's a padded jacket with mail sleeves.

1999 A. Ayton in M. Keen Medieval Warfare ix. 202 A front-line Scottish pikeman might have been equipped in mail haubergeon or quilted aketon.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	acton
释义	actonn. Brit. /ˈaktən/, U.S. /ˈæktən/ Forms: Middle English acketoun, Middle English acketton, Middle English acotoun, Middle English actoune, Middle English akatown, Middle English akedoun, Middle English aketoun, Middle English akton, Middle English– acton, Middle English– aketon, 1700s acketon; also Scottish pre-1700 actone, pre-1700 actoun, pre-1700 actowne; N.E.D. (1884) also records forms late Middle English acketon, late Middle English aktone. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French aketoun. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman aketoun, aketon, aketun, aketoune, aketune, actone, Anglo-Norman and Old French auqueton (12th cent. in Old French as alqueton; also 12th cent. in sense ‘cotton fabric’) < Spanish †alcoton cotton (late 13th cent. or earlier; 950 as †algoton ; now algodón (late 13th cent.)) or its etymon Spanish Arabic al-quṭūn cotton, regional variant of classical Arabic al-quṭn < al the + quṭn cotton n.¹ Compare Old Occitan aucoton (c1150), alcoto (late 12th cent.) padded military tunic (Occitan auqueton child's jerkin). Compare also haqueton n. and its etymons Anglo-Norman hauketon , haketon , Middle French hauqueton (2nd half of the 15th cent.), Middle French, French hoqueton (14th cent.), with h- probably by association with Old French heuque , huque huke n.The following probably shows the Anglo-Norman rather than the English word.1338 Exchequer Accts. (Public Rec. Office) 20/37 Aketon pro defensione hominum ad arma. Chiefly historical in later use. A padded jacket or jerkin worn under armour for protection; (also) such a garment worn on its own. Also figurative. Cf. haqueton n.Recorded earliest in acton-maker. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > plate-coat or -jacket coatc1300 acton1328 jackc1380 haquetona1400 jazeranta1400 coat of fence1490 halkrig1516 plate-coat1521 coat-armour1603 coat of arms1613 plate-jackc1720 jacket1916 flak jacket1956 society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > stuffed jacket gambeson1306 pourpointa1325 campesonc1325 acton1328 stuffc1330 haquetona1400 quilta1425 trussing-coat1493 wambais1761 1328 in G. Fransson Middle Eng. Surnames (1935) 114 (MED) Ric. le Aketonmaker. c1350 Nominale in MS Cambr. Ee.4.20 563 Basenet et aketoun, basenet and aketoun. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Sir Thopas (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 148 And next his Sherte an Aketoun And ouer that an haubergeoun. c1440 (?a1400) Sir Perceval (1930) l. 1102 (MED) Bloderede was his stede, His akton and his oþer wede. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xlv. l. 474 Here hors, here Armures, here Akatowns. 1496 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (de Worde) x. vi. sig. zvi^v/1 We muste do aboue the Jacke or the acton of charyte. a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xi. Prol. l. 117 Of fre will thyne acton is sa wight Nane may it pers, wilt thou resist. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 879/1 The Byshoppe had vpon him a certayne coate of defence, whiche was called an Aketon. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 25 That ilk laick landed man haueand ten punds in gudes and geir, sall haue for his bodie, and for defence of the Realme, ane sufficient Acton, ane basnet, and ane gloue of plate. 1656 W. Dugdale Antiq. Warwickshire 611/1 C. to have Aketones and Hauberts, and CCC with Haketones and Bacinets, besides those which ought to be armed according to the Statute of Winchester. 1786 F. Grose Treat. Anc. Armour 18 The acketon was occasionally put on under the jazerant or coat of mail. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iii. vi. 68 But Cranstoun's lance, of more avail..Through shield, and jack, and acton, past. 1831 Fraser's Mag. 4 299 The remains of actons and plaids were whirled high upon the precipices. 1908 Chambers's Jrnl. Nov. 807/2 Every lay person..should be bound to have..one sufficient aketon or tunic (probably padded and studded with small bits of iron). 1956 Speculum 31 103 The ‘five-pound’ class were to arm themselves with a horse, aketon, basinet, and plate gauntlets. 1988 J. Seabrook Leisure Society v. 115 During the probation period for newcomers, they have to make their own sword and an ackton—that's a padded jacket with mail sleeves. 1999 A. Ayton in M. Keen Medieval Warfare ix. 202 A front-line Scottish pikeman might have been equipped in mail haubergeon or quilted aketon. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1328
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