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单词 unlight
释义

unlightn.

Brit. /ˌʌnˈlʌɪt/, /ˈʌnlʌɪt/, U.S. /ˌənˈlaɪt/, /ˈənˌlaɪt/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: un- prefix1, light n.1
Etymology: < un- prefix1 + light n.1 Compare earlier unlight adj.4In quot. 1883 after Old Icelandic úljóss, lit. ‘unlight’ (an apparently isolated formation).
Darkness; shadow; the absence or opposite of light.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > [noun]
thesternessc888
thesterc897
murkOE
theosterleykc1000
darkc1300
darkheadc1300
murknessa1325
therknessa1325
darknessc1350
tenebres1413
tenebrousa1450
obscurity1481
tenebrosity1490
obscureness1509
dern?a1513
sable?a1513
darksomeness1571
fuliginousness1576
darkishness1583
murksomeness1625
obscure1667
soot1789
tenebrity1789
nightness1839
raylessness1843
lightlessness1845
darkling1882
unlight1883
1883 G. Vigfusson & F. York Powell tr. Poetic Edda in Corpus Poeticum Boreale I. ii. 86 What is Night..called in each of the worlds?..‘Night’ among Men,..‘Unlight’ the Giants [Icel. Óliós Iǫtnar].
1920 Argosy-Allstory Weekly 21 Aug. 474/2 Whence came the force, the mechanism that produced this cone of clarity, this not searchlight, but unlight in the midst of light?
a1973 J. R. R. Tolkien Silmarillion (1977) viii. 74 A cloak of darkness she wove about them..an Unlight, in which things seemed to be no more, and which eyes could not pierce, for it was void.
2004 C. Miéville Iron Council xxix. 399 The shadows became a cloud of unlight, and like water coiling down a plughole they wound into the cone.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

unlightadj.1

Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnˈlʌɪt/, U.S. /ˌənˈlaɪt/
Forms: see un- prefix1 and light adj.1
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: un- prefix1, light adj.1
Etymology: < un- prefix1 + light adj.1 Compare German †unleicht (early 15th cent.), Old Icelandic úléttr, Old Swedish olätter (Swedish †olätt).Apparently re-formed in the 20th cent.
rare after Middle English.
Not light (in various senses of light adj.1); heavy.In quot. ?1486 perhaps: massive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective]
ungladc888
wearyc888
drearyc1000
dreary-moodOE
heavyc1000
unmerryOE
droopy?c1225
mournc1275
sada1300
languishinga1325
amayedc1330
matec1330
unlightc1330
unblissful1340
lowa1382
mishappyc1390
dullc1393
elengely1393
droopinga1400
heavy-hearteda1400
joylessa1400
sytefula1400
mornifc1400
tristy?c1400
lightless?1406
heartlessa1413
tristc1420
amatec1425
languoring?c1425
mirthlessc1430
heavisome1435
darkc1440
gloomingc1440
comfortlessc1460
amateda1470
chermatc1475
tristfula1492
lustless?1507
dolorous1513
ruthful1513
downcast1521
deject1528
heartsicka1529
lumpisha1535
coolc1540
dowlyc1540
glum1547
discouraged1548
uncheerfulc1555
dumpish1560
out of heart1565
sadded1566
amoped1573
tristive1578
desolated1580
dejected1581
à la mort1586
delightless1589
afflicted1590
gladless1590
groanful1590
gloomya1593
muddy1592
sitheful1592
cloudy1594
leaden-hearted1596
disconsolated1598
clum1599
life-weary1599
spiritless1600
dusky1602
chop-fallen1604
flat1604
disanimated1605
jaw-fallen1605
moped1606
chap-fallen1608
decheerful1608
uncheerful1612
lacklustrea1616
pulled1616
dumpya1618
depressed1621
head-hung1632
grum1640
downa1644
dispirited1647
down-at-mouth1649
down in (rarely of) the mouth1649
unhearted1650
sunlessa1658
sadful1658
unlightened1659
chagrin1665
saddened1665
damp1667
moping1674
desponding1688
tristitious1694
unenjoying1697
unraised1697
unheartya1699
unked1698
despondent1699
dismal1705
unjoyful1709
unrejoiced1714
dreara1717
disheartened1720
mumpish1721
unrejoicing1726
downhearted1742
out of spirits1745
chagrineda1754
low-spirited1753
sombrea1767
black-blooded1771
glumpy1780
oorie1787
sombrous1789
morose1791
Novemberish1793
glumpish1800
mopeful1800
die-away1802
blue-devilish1804
blue-devilled1807
malagrugrous1818
down in the hip1826
yonderly1828
sunshineless1831
downfaced1832
broody1851
in a (or the) trough1856
blue-devilly1871
drooped1873
glummy1884
pippy1886
humpy1889
pipped1914
lousy1933
pissed1943
crappy1956
doomy1961
bummed1970
the world > matter > properties of materials > weight or relative heaviness > [adjective] > heavy
heavyc1000
unlightc1330
sada1375
chargeousa1382
lumpinga1400
ponderousa1400
weighingc1400
poisant1477
peisant1483
wieldlya1500
weighty1500
peiseda1522
burdenous1529
weightful1530
grave1570
leaden1578
plumbeousa1586
wieldy1592
peisy1599
well-weighing?1615
lead-like1816
hefty1867
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 419 He toke his lod vnliȝt.
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2383 (MED) Vrgan al in tene Ȝaf him astroke vnliȝt; His scheld he clef bi tvene A tvo.
in M. Stokes & T. L. Burton Medieval Lit. & Antiq. (1987) 83 (MED) For sche had wengys at her wylle and wantyd neuer a fethyr, And I vnlyght of my lymys and lyme had I none.
?1486 Speculum Christiani So riche a temple hit was..With walles and pylers here onlyght Hyled with golde that schone ful bright.
a1500 (?a1425) Ipomedon (Harl.) (1889) l. 472 He..takith hys leve with hert vnlyght.
1981 Poetry 138 107 A prime contemporary example of unlight verse is the work of Robert Penn Warren.
1991 Sunday Times (Nexis) 12 May (Features section) Nostalgia for the brilliant light and the un-light lunches of Provence.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

unlightadj.2

Forms: see un- prefix1 and light adj.3
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: un- prefix1, light adj.3
Etymology: < un- prefix1 + light adj.3
Obsolete.
= unlighted adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [adjective] > setting on fire or alight > set on fire or alight > not
unlight?a1425
unlighted1581
unfired1590
uninflamed1626
unlightenedc1650
unignited1773
?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 50 (MED) If men caste in to it [sc. the Dead Sea] a lanterne light, it fletez abouen; and, if it be casten þerin vnlight, alssone it synkez to þe ground.
c1475 tr. C. de Pisan Livre du Corps de Policie (Cambr.) (1977) 53 A laumpe..sholde at no tyme be lefte vnlyght.
1583 A. Marten tr. P. M. Vermigli Common Places i. x. 86/1 In Epyrus there is a well, wherein..vnlight torches are lighted.
a1605 (c1486) Cristenynge Prince Arthure (Lamb. 306) in J. Gairdner Three 15th-cent. Chrons. (1880) 104 The torches unlight met hym at the steyre foote.., and so went by fore hym unlyght to the chirche.
a1650 S. D'Ewes Jrnls. Parl. Queen Elizabeth anno 1571 (1682) 152/2 Were it not a meer madness for a man to provide fair Torches.., and when he should use them in the dark, to carry them unlight?
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

unlightadj.3

Forms: Middle English (in a late copy) vnlight.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: un- prefix1, English light , light v.1
Etymology: < un- prefix1 + light, past participle of light v.1 (compare light v.1 II.).
Obsolete. rare.
Not dismounted; on horseback.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > rider > [adjective] > dismounted > not
unlightc1540
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 54v He raght to the reynes of þe riche qwene..And led hir vnlight into a large halle.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

unlightadj.4

Forms: 1500s vnlight.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: un- prefix1, light adj.2
Etymology: < un- prefix1 + light adj.2
Obsolete. rare. Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
Not light or bright; dark.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > dimness or absence of brightness > [adjective]
dima1000
darkOE
troublea1327
palec1385
dullc1430
unclearc1440
unbright1534
cloudy1556
unlight1570
muddy1600
wan1601
opacous1616
filmy1642
illuminous1656
crepuscular1668
dumb1720
rayless1754
opaque1794
veilya1802
turbid1811
unlucent1819
ineffulgent1824
blear1830
unrefulgent1856
subluminous1860
subaqueous1875
shineless1882
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Kii v/1 Vnlight, obscurus.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

unlightv.

Forms:

α. Middle English unleght, 1600s vnlight, 1600s–1900s unlight.

β. 1800s–1900s onlight.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: alight v.1
Etymology: Alteration (with prefix substitution: see un- prefix2) of alight v.1
Obsolete.
1. transitive. To lighten or alleviate (something regarded as a burden); to relieve of. rare.In quot. with reference to the burden of sin.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > lightness > make light or lighter [verb (transitive)] > relieve of a weight or load
lightenc1390
unlighta1425
light1545
a1425 in R. H. Bowers Three Middle Eng. Relig. Poems (1963) 27 (MED) He may no thyng there unleght So he may unloke hys heght; Of al hys lyf he sal yeld acownte Wat hys whyt & hys gode amownte.
2. intransitive. To alight; to dismount. English regional (south-western) in later use.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride a horse (or other animal) [verb (intransitive)] > dismount
lighteOE
alightOE
falla1300
avoid1485
demountc1540
elight1542
descend1548
avale1590
dismount1594
alighten1600
unlight1623
unhorse1633
unmount1655
to get off1688
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > riding in a vehicle > ride in a vehicle [verb (intransitive)] > alight from a vehicle
dismount1594
avale1596
land1693
alight1704
to step out1753
unlight1796
to hop in (also out)1955
deboard1960
α.
1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. i Degresse, to vnlight from a Horse.
1667 J. Yonge Jrnl. (1963) (modernized text) 109 He did not unlight, but as we rode through it we saw the Judges sit in Judicature.
1701 M. D'Assigny Hist. Earls & Earldom Flanders 100 He advanc'd.., and commanded them [sc. his French Cavalry] to unlight that they might fight on Foot.
1796 M. Robinson Angelina II. 174 I'm sure you hadn't no companion when you unlighted.
1869 E. W. Sunday Evenings at Brocklegh Hall 233 The wagon soon arrived. ‘A terrible job them w'll have to unlight from that high thing,’ remarked Sally.
1901 J. F. Jane Ever Mohun 218 She unlighted and walked, pushing her machine.
1910 Jrnl. Folk-Song Soc. 4 117 ‘Unlight, unlight, my pretty Polly, Unlight, unlight,’ cries he.
β. 1884 Edinb. Monthly Mag. Dec. 786/2 One or two had onlighted and was standing by their hunters, but most of 'em was in the saddle.1893 F. E. M. Steele Encore Reciter 32/2 An as we rode on, we talked zoft and tender..when we onlighted down to the White Hart, We tramped off in dwoos and in drees.1910 E. Phillpotts Tales of Tenements 304 She onlighted off the horse then.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.1883adj.1c1330adj.2?a1425adj.3c1540adj.41570v.a1425
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