† builtn.

Etymology: < build v.; mode of formation uncertain; compare gilt , < gild ; also build n. and builth n.

Obsolete.

1. Style of construction (of a ship, etc.), build.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > style of creation or construction

shaft888

suitc1330

generationa1382

makinga1398

frame?1520

workmanship1578

imagerya1592

model1597

fabricaturec1600

builtc1615

fabric1644

module1649

get-up1857

fashioning1870

c1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses xi. 146 A sail Of foreign built.

1658 in Hist. Glasgow (1881) 243 Excelling the model and usual built of townhalls.

1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 lx. 16 And as the built, so different is the fight.

1764 T. Reid Inq. Human Mind vi. §20 The sailor sees the burthen, the built, and the distance of a ship at sea.

1793 W. Roberts Looker-on No. 84. 671 Friendship and love require..a peculiar built of mind.

2. Action of building.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > [noun]

bigginga1325

rearinga1325

buildingc1394

edifying1432

upbringing1484

rising?a1500

upmaking1513

upbigging1525

edification1549

erecting1553

structure1604

erection1614

compilementa1639

architecture1646

exstruction1652

built1654

edifice1663

fabric1730

upbuilding1732

builth1805

1654 G. Goddard in T. Burton Diary (1828) (modernized text) I. Introd. p. lxxxviii A constant and continual built of ships.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

builtadj.

Brit.

/bɪlt/, U.S.

/bɪlt/

Forms: see build v. (Forms 3γ. ).

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: built , build v.

Etymology: < built, past participle of build v. (compare Forms 3γ. at that entry). Compare earlier builded adj.

a. Of a building or other architectural structure: that has been constructed or erected.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > [adjective] > built

ybuldc1380

upbiggedc1425

biggit1513

upwroughtc1540

upframeda1560

builded1563

built1570

erected1603

exstructed1642

upbuilded1859

a1500 (?a1400) Stanzaic Life of Christ (Harl. 3909) (1926) l. 8383 Al bilt thing in that plas felle doun & mich peple shent.

1662 B. Gerbier Brief Disc. Princ. Building 40 His built Banquetting House.

1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. viii. 88 The built and tower-like shaft.

1939 V. G. Childe Dawn European Civilization (ed. 3) xii. 206 A porthole stone often enhances the resemblance of a built tomb's doorway to the entry into a natural or artificial cave.

2008 Idaho Bus. Rev. (Nexis) 12 Nov. Most of the built homes are intended for residents, though a couple are spec homes.

b. Esp. of a tool, piece of equipment, etc.: constructed from separate parts or sections; = built-up adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [adjective] > manufactured or produced > constructed of parts prepared separately

built1860

?1812 Edinb. Encycl. (1830) V. 512/2 This built beam of three pieces may, in some cases, be much stronger than an entire one.

1860 All Year Round 15 Sept. 549 The Armstrong gun..is a built gun.

1909 Westm. Gaz. 20 Mar. 8/3 Three-bladed propellers of the ‘built’ type.

2022 Legal Monitor Worldwide (Nexis) 7 Jan. The gun was a built gun, for which he had ordered the parts from a website.

2. With modifier. Constructed or formed in a specified manner or place, or with a specified quality, as in Clyde-built, strange-built, wooden-built, etc.See also American-built adj., custom-built adj., frigate-built adj., hand-built adj., ill-built adj., new-built adj., purpose-built adj. well built adj., etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > [adjective] > built of wood

wooden-built1860

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [adjective] > made or constructed of wood

treenc1000

stockya1400

treea1400

timberedc1412

timber?1530

wooden1538

woodya1540

ligneal1599

ligneous1812

carpentered1837

betimbered1847

wooden-built1860

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > [adjective] > built in specific place

Clyde-built1582

English-built1622

homebuilt1676

British-built1707

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 1 A long buylt citty theare stood, Carthago so named.

1602 T. Dekker Satiro-mastix sig. H4^v The goodliest & most glorious strange-built wonder, Which that great Architect hath made, is heauen.

1769 D'Alenzon tr. ‘Hoamchi-Vam’ Bonze I. 83 There uprose gaily grand an elegant throne, flower-built, sweetly festooned with roses.

1860 Mercantile Marine Mag. 7 245 She [sc. a ship] is wooden built.

1955 A. MacLean H.M.S. Ulysses ii. 42 Stern dug in like a hydroplane, vibrating in every Clyde-built rivet.

2015 N. Carr Glass Cage (2016) viii. 183 You recently bought your first autonomous car—a Google-programmed, Mercedes-built eSmart electric sedan—and the software is at the wheel.

3. colloquial (originally U.S.). Of a person: having an attractive figure or physique; (now spec.) having an impressively muscular physique.See also build v. 5b.

1933 V. F. Nelson Prison Days & Nights ix. 205 One of these platinum blondes with blue eyes. And is she built!

1964 M. Kosloff Dial ‘P’ for Pleasure v. 76 The bell captain stared openly at Bruce. ‘Say, you're really built.’

1996 L. Alberts Price of Land in Shelby (1997) 98 The guy's built like Schwarzenegger. Busting out of his shirts, he's so built.

2016 J. R. Brown Georgia Peaches & Other Forbidden Fruit xii. 124 She squeezes my arm. ‘You're the best.’ She squeezes again. ‘And kind of built. How'd you get those arms?’

Phrases

Originally U.S. Followed by an infinitive or to and a noun, forming adjectival phrases designating or relating to something (esp. a building, vehicle, equipment, etc.) made or constructed in accordance with that which is specified by the verb or noun, as in built-to-last, built-to-order, built-to-purpose, built-to-sell, etc. Cf. build v. Phrases 3.

1893 Illustr. Amer. 4 Mar. 285/1 Few enough men and scarcely any women can tell the difference between the good custom made and the built to order brougham [carriage].

1911 Rochester (N.Y.) Democrat & Chron. 11 June 9/2 Do you want to buy it [sc. this home] as cheaply and on as easy terms as you can buy a new, ‘built to sell’ house?

1960 Courier-Post (Camden, N.J.) 9 Aug. 18/5 (advt.) Drive in today..and drive out with a built-to-last, gas-saving 1960 Rambler.

1971 Los Angeles Times 28 Jan. (Orange County ed.) 28/1 Two homes nearing completion will serve to preview the many built-to-specification homes that Thorman's company will be producing.

1996 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 22 May b1 Pureland was building buildings on a built-to-suit..basis as the market demanded.

2020 Ghana News Agency (Nexis) 26 June This [sc. the construction of toilets] is to ensure that the pupils have access to a convenient and built-to-purpose facility.

Compounds

C1.

built environment n. the human-made structures, features, and facilities created and maintained to support people's life, work, and health, considered collectively as a distinct environment.Sometimes contrasted with natural environment.In quot. 1942 probably not a fixed collocation.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > [noun] > town- or city-scape

cityscape1856

townscape1867

built environment1942

urbanscape1958

1942 H. Leipziger City, Housing & Community Plan 38 ‘The perception of a spatial order’ such as presented, for example, in ‘built’ environment or architecture.

1964 Times 20 Feb. 13/3 The built environment is now acknowledged to be as clearly identifiable a subject of national concern as medicine and agriculture.

1990 Lifestyle Summer 103/2 Acid rain wears down both the natural and built environments.

2000 Building Design 11 Feb. 13/1 Developers, property owners..and local authorities have visions of regenerating our capital city and of beautifying our built environment.

C2.

built-over adj. that has been constructed on; that has been crowded or covered with buildings.

ΘΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [adjective] > covered > covered over > with buildings

built-over1863

1863 Lady's Newspaper 14 Mar. 346/2 In this half-built-over desert there are two oases.

1935 E. Bowen House in Paris ii. i. 88 A smoky built-over hill.

2018 Keighley News (Nexis) 8 June He fears that water run-off from the built-over fields will have nowhere else to go but the beck.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2022).

单词	built
释义	† builtn. Etymology: < build v.; mode of formation uncertain; compare gilt , < gild ; also build n. and builth n. Obsolete. 1. Style of construction (of a ship, etc.), build. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > style of creation or construction shaft888 suitc1330 generationa1382 makinga1398 frame?1520 workmanship1578 imagerya1592 model1597 fabricaturec1600 builtc1615 fabric1644 module1649 get-up1857 fashioning1870 c1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses xi. 146 A sail Of foreign built. 1658 in Hist. Glasgow (1881) 243 Excelling the model and usual built of townhalls. 1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 lx. 16 And as the built, so different is the fight. 1764 T. Reid Inq. Human Mind vi. §20 The sailor sees the burthen, the built, and the distance of a ship at sea. 1793 W. Roberts Looker-on No. 84. 671 Friendship and love require..a peculiar built of mind. 2. Action of building. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > [noun] bigginga1325 rearinga1325 buildingc1394 edifying1432 upbringing1484 rising?a1500 upmaking1513 upbigging1525 edification1549 erecting1553 structure1604 erection1614 compilementa1639 architecture1646 exstruction1652 built1654 edifice1663 fabric1730 upbuilding1732 builth1805 1654 G. Goddard in T. Burton Diary (1828) (modernized text) I. Introd. p. lxxxviii A constant and continual built of ships. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021). builtadj. Brit. /bɪlt/, U.S. /bɪlt/ Forms: see build v. (Forms 3γ. ). Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: built , build v. Etymology: < built, past participle of build v. (compare Forms 3γ. at that entry). Compare earlier builded adj. 1. a. Of a building or other architectural structure: that has been constructed or erected. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > [adjective] > built ybuldc1380 upbiggedc1425 biggit1513 upwroughtc1540 upframeda1560 builded1563 built1570 erected1603 exstructed1642 upbuilded1859 a1500 (?a1400) Stanzaic Life of Christ (Harl. 3909) (1926) l. 8383 Al bilt thing in that plas felle doun & mich peple shent. 1662 B. Gerbier Brief Disc. Princ. Building 40 His built Banquetting House. 1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. viii. 88 The built and tower-like shaft. 1939 V. G. Childe Dawn European Civilization (ed. 3) xii. 206 A porthole stone often enhances the resemblance of a built tomb's doorway to the entry into a natural or artificial cave. 2008 Idaho Bus. Rev. (Nexis) 12 Nov. Most of the built homes are intended for residents, though a couple are spec homes. b. Esp. of a tool, piece of equipment, etc.: constructed from separate parts or sections; = built-up adj. 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > [adjective] > manufactured or produced > constructed of parts prepared separately built1860 ?1812 Edinb. Encycl. (1830) V. 512/2 This built beam of three pieces may, in some cases, be much stronger than an entire one. 1860 All Year Round 15 Sept. 549 The Armstrong gun..is a built gun. 1909 Westm. Gaz. 20 Mar. 8/3 Three-bladed propellers of the ‘built’ type. 2022 Legal Monitor Worldwide (Nexis) 7 Jan. The gun was a built gun, for which he had ordered the parts from a website. 2. With modifier. Constructed or formed in a specified manner or place, or with a specified quality, as in Clyde-built, strange-built, wooden-built, etc.See also American-built adj., custom-built adj., frigate-built adj., hand-built adj., ill-built adj., new-built adj., purpose-built adj. well built adj., etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > [adjective] > built of wood wooden-built1860 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [adjective] > made or constructed of wood treenc1000 stockya1400 treea1400 timberedc1412 timber?1530 wooden1538 woodya1540 ligneal1599 ligneous1812 carpentered1837 betimbered1847 wooden-built1860 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > [adjective] > built in specific place Clyde-built1582 English-built1622 homebuilt1676 British-built1707 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 1 A long buylt citty theare stood, Carthago so named. 1602 T. Dekker Satiro-mastix sig. H4^v The goodliest & most glorious strange-built wonder, Which that great Architect hath made, is heauen. 1769 D'Alenzon tr. ‘Hoamchi-Vam’ Bonze I. 83 There uprose gaily grand an elegant throne, flower-built, sweetly festooned with roses. 1860 Mercantile Marine Mag. 7 245 She [sc. a ship] is wooden built. 1955 A. MacLean H.M.S. Ulysses ii. 42 Stern dug in like a hydroplane, vibrating in every Clyde-built rivet. 2015 N. Carr Glass Cage (2016) viii. 183 You recently bought your first autonomous car—a Google-programmed, Mercedes-built eSmart electric sedan—and the software is at the wheel. 3. colloquial (originally U.S.). Of a person: having an attractive figure or physique; (now spec.) having an impressively muscular physique.See also build v. 5b. Π 1933 V. F. Nelson Prison Days & Nights ix. 205 One of these platinum blondes with blue eyes. And is she built! 1964 M. Kosloff Dial ‘P’ for Pleasure v. 76 The bell captain stared openly at Bruce. ‘Say, you're really built.’ 1996 L. Alberts Price of Land in Shelby (1997) 98 The guy's built like Schwarzenegger. Busting out of his shirts, he's so built. 2016 J. R. Brown Georgia Peaches & Other Forbidden Fruit xii. 124 She squeezes my arm. ‘You're the best.’ She squeezes again. ‘And kind of built. How'd you get those arms?’ Phrases Originally U.S. Followed by an infinitive or to and a noun, forming adjectival phrases designating or relating to something (esp. a building, vehicle, equipment, etc.) made or constructed in accordance with that which is specified by the verb or noun, as in built-to-last, built-to-order, built-to-purpose, built-to-sell, etc. Cf. build v. Phrases 3. Π 1893 Illustr. Amer. 4 Mar. 285/1 Few enough men and scarcely any women can tell the difference between the good custom made and the built to order brougham [carriage]. 1911 Rochester (N.Y.) Democrat & Chron. 11 June 9/2 Do you want to buy it [sc. this home] as cheaply and on as easy terms as you can buy a new, ‘built to sell’ house? 1960 Courier-Post (Camden, N.J.) 9 Aug. 18/5 (advt.) Drive in today..and drive out with a built-to-last, gas-saving 1960 Rambler. 1971 Los Angeles Times 28 Jan. (Orange County ed.) 28/1 Two homes nearing completion will serve to preview the many built-to-specification homes that Thorman's company will be producing. 1996 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 22 May b1 Pureland was building buildings on a built-to-suit..basis as the market demanded. 2020 Ghana News Agency (Nexis) 26 June This [sc. the construction of toilets] is to ensure that the pupils have access to a convenient and built-to-purpose facility. Compounds C1. built environment n. the human-made structures, features, and facilities created and maintained to support people's life, work, and health, considered collectively as a distinct environment.Sometimes contrasted with natural environment.In quot. 1942 probably not a fixed collocation. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > [noun] > town- or city-scape cityscape1856 townscape1867 built environment1942 urbanscape1958 1942 H. Leipziger City, Housing & Community Plan 38 ‘The perception of a spatial order’ such as presented, for example, in ‘built’ environment or architecture. 1964 Times 20 Feb. 13/3 The built environment is now acknowledged to be as clearly identifiable a subject of national concern as medicine and agriculture. 1990 Lifestyle Summer 103/2 Acid rain wears down both the natural and built environments. 2000 Building Design 11 Feb. 13/1 Developers, property owners..and local authorities have visions of regenerating our capital city and of beautifying our built environment. C2. built-over adj. that has been constructed on; that has been crowded or covered with buildings. ΘΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [adjective] > covered > covered over > with buildings built-over1863 1863 Lady's Newspaper 14 Mar. 346/2 In this half-built-over desert there are two oases. 1935 E. Bowen House in Paris ii. i. 88 A smoky built-over hill. 2018 Keighley News (Nexis) 8 June He fears that water run-off from the built-over fields will have nowhere else to go but the beck. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2022). < n.c1615adj.a1500
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