Tumbukan.adj.

Brit.

/tʊmˈbuːkə/, U.S.

/tʊmˈbukə/, East African English

/tumˈbuka/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, Tumbukas.

Forms: 1800s–1900s Tumbuca, 1800s– Tambuka, 1800s– Tumbuka, 1900s Tomboka, 1900s– Tamboka, 1900s– Timbuka, 1900s– Tombuca, 1900s– Tombuka, 1900s– Tumboka.

Origin: A borrowing from Tumbuka. Etymon: Tumbuka -tumbuka.

Etymology: < Tumbuka -tumbuka, self-designation (in Batumbuka, Ŵatumbuka, denoting the people (singular Mtumbuka) and Chitumbuka, Citumbuka, denoting the language). Compare ( < Tumbuka) Portuguese Mutumbuca, Botombucas (1798; also occasionally cited in English contexts in the mid 19th cent.).The plural form Tumbukas is an English development.

A. n.

1. A member of a Bantu-speaking people of northern Malawi, eastern Zambia, and southern Tanzania.

ΘΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [noun] > Bantu peoples

Swahili1814

Chagga1823

Mashona1835

Wagogo1840

Wachagga1849

Tumbuka1850

Sukuma1860

Wanyamwezi1860

Babemba1867

Kavirondo1870

Nyamwezi1885

Bemba1887

Chewa1887

Shangaan1887

Rwanda1889

Awemba1890

Yao1894

Ngoni1899

Nyanja1899

Kisii1905

Ganda1906

Meru1908

Lamba1909

Hutu1922

Lozi1935

Ila1956

Gogo1957

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [adjective] > Bantu peoples

Wagogo1840

Swahilian1846

Tumbuka1850

Wanyamwezi1860

Rwanda1864

Nyasa1887

Ngoni1891

Mashona1893

Ganda1894

Ila1907

Meru1908

Chewa1909

Yao1910

Nyanja1923

Lozi1937

Nyamwezi1939

Sukuma1953

Lamba1956

Gogo1969

1850 J. R. Logan in Jrnl. Indian Archipel. & Eastern Asia 5 328 One of the great Kafir tribes to the southward, the Tambukas.

1924 A. Werner in G. Lagden Native Races of Empire iii. 88 A Nyanja and a Tumbuka might understand each other.

2019 Maravi Post (Nexis) 15 Nov. For the Tumbuka, Vimbuza [dance] has artistic value and a therapeutic function that complements other forms of medical treatment.

2. The Bantu language of the Tumbuka.

ΘΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > African languages > Niger-Kordofanian > [noun] > Niger-Congo > Niger-Congo proper languages > Kwa family > Bantu languages

Kaffir1820

Swahilese1833

Sesotho1846

Chagga1849

Kikuyu1849

Mitshi1854

Manganja1859

Bantu1866

Kavirondo1870

Luganda1876

Sotho1876

Fan1883

Gogo1883

Lunda1883

Nyamwezi1883

Kioko1884

Barotse1888

Ganda1891

Tumbuka1891

Chichewa1897

Bemba1902

Nyanja1902

Rwanda1902

Lingala1903

Sepedi1905

Ila1907

Lamba1907

Chewa1908

Venda1908

Ngoni1911

Munchi1913

Meru1921

Yao1924

Lozi1937

Nguni1939

Ndembu1945

Mwera1947

Sango1948

Ovambo1953

Sukuma1969

Tiv1976

1891 Missionary Rev. of World Nov. 812 There are various forms of Tumbuka known to exist, but future investigation must show the position and relations of Tumbuka.

1948 M. Guthrie Classif. Bantu Lang. iv. 62 In Tumbuka tone is not used at all, but in most of the other groups grammatical tone plays a not inconsiderable part in distinguishing tenses.

2016 Africa News (Nexis) 29 Nov. The church is going to use..Tumbuka in its services as the resident Pastor is conversant with the language.

B. adj.

Of, belonging to, or relating to the Tumbuka or their language.

1891 Missionary Rev. of World Nov. 812 The numerous Tumbuka tribe, living under the Ngoni, have not only retained the use of their own tongue, but have impressed it on their masters.

1933 Man 33 20/2 The many interesting features of the Tumbuka language.

2012 Times of Zambia (Nexis) 12 Jan. His mother..was born..of a Malawian father who was Tumbuka.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	tumbuka
释义	Tumbukan.adj. Brit. /tʊmˈbuːkə/, U.S. /tʊmˈbukə/, East African English /tumˈbuka/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, Tumbukas. Forms: 1800s–1900s Tumbuca, 1800s– Tambuka, 1800s– Tumbuka, 1900s Tomboka, 1900s– Tamboka, 1900s– Timbuka, 1900s– Tombuca, 1900s– Tombuka, 1900s– Tumboka. Origin: A borrowing from Tumbuka. Etymon: Tumbuka -tumbuka. Etymology: < Tumbuka -tumbuka, self-designation (in Batumbuka, Ŵatumbuka, denoting the people (singular Mtumbuka) and Chitumbuka, Citumbuka, denoting the language). Compare ( < Tumbuka) Portuguese Mutumbuca, Botombucas (1798; also occasionally cited in English contexts in the mid 19th cent.).The plural form Tumbukas is an English development. A. n. 1. A member of a Bantu-speaking people of northern Malawi, eastern Zambia, and southern Tanzania. ΘΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [noun] > Bantu peoples Swahili1814 Chagga1823 Mashona1835 Wagogo1840 Wachagga1849 Tumbuka1850 Sukuma1860 Wanyamwezi1860 Babemba1867 Kavirondo1870 Nyamwezi1885 Bemba1887 Chewa1887 Shangaan1887 Rwanda1889 Awemba1890 Yao1894 Ngoni1899 Nyanja1899 Kisii1905 Ganda1906 Meru1908 Lamba1909 Hutu1922 Lozi1935 Ila1956 Gogo1957 the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [adjective] > Bantu peoples Wagogo1840 Swahilian1846 Tumbuka1850 Wanyamwezi1860 Rwanda1864 Nyasa1887 Ngoni1891 Mashona1893 Ganda1894 Ila1907 Meru1908 Chewa1909 Yao1910 Nyanja1923 Lozi1937 Nyamwezi1939 Sukuma1953 Lamba1956 Gogo1969 1850 J. R. Logan in Jrnl. Indian Archipel. & Eastern Asia 5 328 One of the great Kafir tribes to the southward, the Tambukas. 1924 A. Werner in G. Lagden Native Races of Empire iii. 88 A Nyanja and a Tumbuka might understand each other. 2019 Maravi Post (Nexis) 15 Nov. For the Tumbuka, Vimbuza [dance] has artistic value and a therapeutic function that complements other forms of medical treatment. 2. The Bantu language of the Tumbuka. ΘΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > African languages > Niger-Kordofanian > [noun] > Niger-Congo > Niger-Congo proper languages > Kwa family > Bantu languages Kaffir1820 Swahilese1833 Sesotho1846 Chagga1849 Kikuyu1849 Mitshi1854 Manganja1859 Bantu1866 Kavirondo1870 Luganda1876 Sotho1876 Fan1883 Gogo1883 Lunda1883 Nyamwezi1883 Kioko1884 Barotse1888 Ganda1891 Tumbuka1891 Chichewa1897 Bemba1902 Nyanja1902 Rwanda1902 Lingala1903 Sepedi1905 Ila1907 Lamba1907 Chewa1908 Venda1908 Ngoni1911 Munchi1913 Meru1921 Yao1924 Lozi1937 Nguni1939 Ndembu1945 Mwera1947 Sango1948 Ovambo1953 Sukuma1969 Tiv1976 1891 Missionary Rev. of World Nov. 812 There are various forms of Tumbuka known to exist, but future investigation must show the position and relations of Tumbuka. 1948 M. Guthrie Classif. Bantu Lang. iv. 62 In Tumbuka tone is not used at all, but in most of the other groups grammatical tone plays a not inconsiderable part in distinguishing tenses. 2016 Africa News (Nexis) 29 Nov. The church is going to use..Tumbuka in its services as the resident Pastor is conversant with the language. B. adj. Of, belonging to, or relating to the Tumbuka or their language. Π 1891 Missionary Rev. of World Nov. 812 The numerous Tumbuka tribe, living under the Ngoni, have not only retained the use of their own tongue, but have impressed it on their masters. 1933 Man 33 20/2 The many interesting features of the Tumbuka language. 2012 Times of Zambia (Nexis) 12 Jan. His mother..was born..of a Malawian father who was Tumbuka. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.adj.1850
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