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单词 brownian
释义

Brownianadj.

Brit. /ˈbraʊnɪən/, U.S. /ˈbraʊnjən/
Etymology: < the name of Dr. Robert Brown, who first described the movement in question.
Brownian movement n. the irregular oscillatory movement observed in microscopic particles or ‘molecules’ of all kinds suspended in a limpid fluid; also called molecular movement.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [noun] > irregular oscillation of free particles
Brownian motion1849
Brownian movement1871
pedesis1878
pedetic motion1878
1871 H. C. Bastian Modes Origin Lowest Organisms 46 Bacteria..which exhibit movements resembling those known as Brownian.
1874 C. H. Jones & E. H. Sieveking Man. Pathol. Anat. 28 Serum..crowded with fatty molecules, presenting an active Brownian movement.
1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants iii. 64 Small granules which exhibited Brownian movements.

Draft additions April 2011

Brownian motion n. = Brownian movement n. at main sense.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [noun] > irregular oscillation of free particles
Brownian motion1849
Brownian movement1871
pedesis1878
pedetic motion1878
1849 Buffalo Med. Jrnl. 5 552 The Brownian motion pervades nearly every field of view.
1909 Nature 7 Oct. 450/2 The author has succeeded in measuring the velocity of rotation experimentally, the result being in complete agreement with Einstein's theory. It appears probable that the molecular kinetic hypothesis affords a safe basis in the study of Brownian motion.
1976 New Scientist 5 Aug. 296/2 Time-lapse photography of the radar screen..looked like the Brownian motion of molecules.
2005 D. G. Wells Prime Numbers 242 The Riemann zeta function also shows up in the theory of Brownian motion and in the study of diffusion and percolation processes.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.1849
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