Brugesn.

Brit.

/bruːʒ/, U.S.

/bruʒ/

Forms:

α. late Middle English–1500s 1700s– Bruges, 1500s Borges, 1500s Bourgis, 1500s Bredges, 1500s Bregys, 1500s Briges, 1500s Brygs, 1500s Brygges, 1500s Burges, 1500s–1700s Bridges, 1700s Brudges; also Scottish pre-1700 Birges, pre-1700 Birgis.

β. 1500s Bridge, 1500s Broig, 1500s Brug, 1500s Brydge.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Bruges.

Etymology: < the name of Bruges (French Bruges , Dutch Brugge < brugghe bridge n.¹), a city in the Belgian province of West Flanders, and the centre of the Flemish textile trade until the 15th cent.The name of the city of Bruges is attested in English contexts from Old English onwards (Old English Brycg , Bricg , Brigg , Brig , Middle English Bruges , Brugis , Bruge ). Earlier currency in sense 1c is suggested by the following instance in a Latin context:1481 Petty Customs Acct. in H. S. Cobb Overseas Trade of London (1990) 176 Filum Brug'.

I. Compounds.

a. Bruges thread n. (also thread Bruges) now historical and rare fine linen thread of a type manufactured in Bruges.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > made from flax, hemp, or jute > linen

linea700

Bruges thread1473

inkle1545

outnal1545

spinal16..

1473 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 64 Birgis threde to mend the vestamentis.

1480 Wardrobe Accts. Edward IV in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 151 Di' lb' of white threde; di' lb' of Bruges threde.

c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxxxx^v/2 Brugis threde.

1611 Rates Marchandizes Scotl. sig. H4 Threed called Birges threed.

1721 C. King Brit. Merchant I. 290 Thred Bruges, 22 Dozen. Tregar, 306 Pieces. Verdigrease, 327 lib.

1794 D. Steel New & Compl. Tables Net Duties Payable (new ed.) 13 Bruges Thread, the dozen pound.

1840 Rep. Select Comm. Import Duties 19 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 601) V. 99 Have you any knowledge how far smuggling in Bruges thread takes place?

1911 H. Douglas-Irvine Royal Palaces of Scotl. 172 He received..Bruges thread white and blue.

1976 T. S. Willan Inland Trade i. 9 Quantities of cantelet lace, crewel fringe and yarn, Bruges thread, caddas and incle were sent to Canterbury by land.

b. Bruges satin n. (also Bruges satin) now historical a kind of satin having a warp of silk and a weft of flax or wool. Also satin of Bruges.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from mixed fibres > [noun] > other silk mixtures

Bruges satin1502

carrel1571

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > types of > with glossy or shiny surface > satin > types of

fuger1465

Bruges satin1502

cypress1509

Bruges1552

satinesco1615

siper1805

satin de chine1833

duchesse satin1878

1502 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 338 Saten of Bruges, blake.

1517 T. Allen Let. (modernized text) in E. Lodge Illustr. Brit. Hist. (1838) I. 26 Two black satin brigs.

1538 MS Rec. Aberdeen in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1825) Suppl. at Brug satine Half ellin of Brug satine.

1552 Inventory Church Goods in Coll. Hist. Staffs. (1903) New Ser. VI. i. 187 Itm on vestement of saten bruges.

1559 Inventory in C. Innes Registrum Episcopatus Aberdonensis (1845) I. Pref. p. xc Item, the covering of the sacrament house, with ane antipend for the lady altare of blew and yellow broig satin.

1607 R. C. tr. H. Estienne World of Wonders i. xvi. 127 To those that know it not, it is good Satin, to others that know it, it is Satin of Bruges.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Sattins of Bruges have their Warp of Silk, and their Woof of Thread.

1830 H. Smith Midsummer Medley I. 165 Over a figured farthingale of red Bruges satin she wore a French gown of black damask, with wide Venice sleeves.

1922 A. Tilley Mod. France i. 39 They sent for gold-thread spinners and glass blowers from Italy and weavers of high warp tapestry, of Bruges satins, and of fine linen stuffs from Flanders.

2011 C. Erickson Favored Queen 146 Jane! Where is my cloak of Bruges satin? Find it!

c. attributive and as postmodifier. Designating textiles of a type manufactured in Bruges. In later use frequently in Bruges lace; cf. Brussels lace n. at Brussels n. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric from specific place > [adjective]

Dundee1456

Rowan1488

Brugesc1503

northern1523

Ghentish1582

Naples1591

East Indy1600

Yeddo1866

toile de Jouy1885

c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxxxx^v/1 Brug' clothis.

1517 T. Alen Let. in E. Lodge Illustr. Brit. Hist. (1791) I. 23 On blacke brygs hat.

1582 Rates Custome House (new ed.) sig. E.iiii Silk called Bridges silk the pound xv. s.

1751 W. Beawes Lex Mercatoria Rediviva 383 Thread, called black and brown, or Bridges Outnal.

1839 L. Sawyer Printz Hall II. xv. 191 Lay me out my travelling suit of Bruges cloth.

1865 F. B. Palliser Hist. Lace vii. 120 Bruges lace, too, washes thick.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXX. 110/2 ‘Duchesse’ and Bruges lace are the chief pillow-made laces.

1976 T. S. Willan Inland Trade i. 9 Sandwich shipped to London quantities of cloth (Hasbrough linen, bustian, cambric, bombasines, Bruges fustian), Bruges thread, hemp, teazels and ten dozen fans.

1983 S. Baxter & A. Mitchell Let's parliamo Glasgow Again 71 Is that not the veil you wore at your wedding, Ena? It's really quaite a good imitation of Bruges lace.

1997 T. Pynchon Mason & Dixon 516 A coördinator in a single-breasted Soutane, or Cassock, of black Bruges Velvet and lin'd with Wolverine Fur, stands upon a small podium.

2. Bruges Group n. [ < the name of Bruges (alluding to a speech given in Bruges by Margaret Thatcher, then Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, in September 1988) + group n.] British Politics a political pressure group formed in 1989 with the intention of arguing against British participation in the creation of a federal European state.

ΚΠ

1989 Times 31 Jan. 12/1 Tomorrow week the Reform Club sees the launch of yet another influential, right-thinking think-tank. It calls itself the Bruges Group—after the venue of Mrs T's recent speech at which she put the boot into creeping Euro-federalism—and will gather under the leadership of Ralph Harris to do battle against such iniquities as common European currencies, Eurocracy and apostate Tories led by Lord Cockfield.

1991 Daily Tel. 10 Jan. 17/1 Joining forces under the auspices of the Bruges Group—a cross-party pressure group.

2012 Irish Times 24 Nov. 2/1 Last Monday, the Maastricht rebels received a standing ovation from the Eurosceptic Bruges Group.

†II. Simple uses.

3. A kind of satin having a warp of silk and a weft of flax or wool; = Bruges satin n. at sense 1b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

fuger1465

Bruges satin1502

cypress1509

Bruges1552

satinesco1615

siper1805

satin de chine1833

duchesse satin1878

1552 in W. Page Inventories Church Goods York, Durham & Northumberland (1897) 42 One greine vestment of sattene in Burges.

1560 in F. G. Emmison Essex Wills (1982) (modernized text) I. 94 My best gown..faced with ‘bridge’.

1596 in F. G. Emmison Essex Wills (2000) (modernized text) XII. 156 1 featherbed in the parlour with a coverlet of ‘Bredges’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	bruges
释义	Brugesn. Brit. /bruːʒ/, U.S. /bruʒ/ Forms: α. late Middle English–1500s 1700s– Bruges, 1500s Borges, 1500s Bourgis, 1500s Bredges, 1500s Bregys, 1500s Briges, 1500s Brygs, 1500s Brygges, 1500s Burges, 1500s–1700s Bridges, 1700s Brudges; also Scottish pre-1700 Birges, pre-1700 Birgis. β. 1500s Bridge, 1500s Broig, 1500s Brug, 1500s Brydge. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Bruges. Etymology: < the name of Bruges (French Bruges , Dutch Brugge < brugghe bridge n.¹), a city in the Belgian province of West Flanders, and the centre of the Flemish textile trade until the 15th cent.The name of the city of Bruges is attested in English contexts from Old English onwards (Old English Brycg , Bricg , Brigg , Brig , Middle English Bruges , Brugis , Bruge ). Earlier currency in sense 1c is suggested by the following instance in a Latin context:1481 Petty Customs Acct. in H. S. Cobb Overseas Trade of London (1990) 176 Filum Brug'. I. Compounds. 1. a. Bruges thread n. (also thread Bruges) now historical and rare fine linen thread of a type manufactured in Bruges. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > made from flax, hemp, or jute > linen linea700 Bruges thread1473 inkle1545 outnal1545 spinal16.. 1473 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 64 Birgis threde to mend the vestamentis. 1480 Wardrobe Accts. Edward IV in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 151 Di' lb' of white threde; di' lb' of Bruges threde. c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxxxx^v/2 Brugis threde. 1611 Rates Marchandizes Scotl. sig. H4 Threed called Birges threed. 1721 C. King Brit. Merchant I. 290 Thred Bruges, 22 Dozen. Tregar, 306 Pieces. Verdigrease, 327 lib. 1794 D. Steel New & Compl. Tables Net Duties Payable (new ed.) 13 Bruges Thread, the dozen pound. 1840 Rep. Select Comm. Import Duties 19 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 601) V. 99 Have you any knowledge how far smuggling in Bruges thread takes place? 1911 H. Douglas-Irvine Royal Palaces of Scotl. 172 He received..Bruges thread white and blue. 1976 T. S. Willan Inland Trade i. 9 Quantities of cantelet lace, crewel fringe and yarn, Bruges thread, caddas and incle were sent to Canterbury by land. b. Bruges satin n. (also Bruges satin) now historical a kind of satin having a warp of silk and a weft of flax or wool. Also satin of Bruges. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from mixed fibres > [noun] > other silk mixtures Bruges satin1502 carrel1571 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > types of > with glossy or shiny surface > satin > types of fuger1465 Bruges satin1502 cypress1509 Bruges1552 satinesco1615 siper1805 satin de chine1833 duchesse satin1878 1502 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 338 Saten of Bruges, blake. 1517 T. Allen Let. (modernized text) in E. Lodge Illustr. Brit. Hist. (1838) I. 26 Two black satin brigs. 1538 MS Rec. Aberdeen in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1825) Suppl. at Brug satine Half ellin of Brug satine. 1552 Inventory Church Goods in Coll. Hist. Staffs. (1903) New Ser. VI. i. 187 Itm on vestement of saten bruges. 1559 Inventory in C. Innes Registrum Episcopatus Aberdonensis (1845) I. Pref. p. xc Item, the covering of the sacrament house, with ane antipend for the lady altare of blew and yellow broig satin. 1607 R. C. tr. H. Estienne World of Wonders i. xvi. 127 To those that know it not, it is good Satin, to others that know it, it is Satin of Bruges. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Sattins of Bruges have their Warp of Silk, and their Woof of Thread. 1830 H. Smith Midsummer Medley I. 165 Over a figured farthingale of red Bruges satin she wore a French gown of black damask, with wide Venice sleeves. 1922 A. Tilley Mod. France i. 39 They sent for gold-thread spinners and glass blowers from Italy and weavers of high warp tapestry, of Bruges satins, and of fine linen stuffs from Flanders. 2011 C. Erickson Favored Queen 146 Jane! Where is my cloak of Bruges satin? Find it! c. attributive and as postmodifier. Designating textiles of a type manufactured in Bruges. In later use frequently in Bruges lace; cf. Brussels lace n. at Brussels n. Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric from specific place > [adjective] Dundee1456 Rowan1488 Brugesc1503 northern1523 Ghentish1582 Naples1591 East Indy1600 Yeddo1866 toile de Jouy1885 c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxxxx^v/1 Brug' clothis. 1517 T. Alen Let. in E. Lodge Illustr. Brit. Hist. (1791) I. 23 On blacke brygs hat. 1582 Rates Custome House (new ed.) sig. E.iiii Silk called Bridges silk the pound xv. s. 1751 W. Beawes Lex Mercatoria Rediviva 383 Thread, called black and brown, or Bridges Outnal. 1839 L. Sawyer Printz Hall II. xv. 191 Lay me out my travelling suit of Bruges cloth. 1865 F. B. Palliser Hist. Lace vii. 120 Bruges lace, too, washes thick. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXX. 110/2 ‘Duchesse’ and Bruges lace are the chief pillow-made laces. 1976 T. S. Willan Inland Trade i. 9 Sandwich shipped to London quantities of cloth (Hasbrough linen, bustian, cambric, bombasines, Bruges fustian), Bruges thread, hemp, teazels and ten dozen fans. 1983 S. Baxter & A. Mitchell Let's parliamo Glasgow Again 71 Is that not the veil you wore at your wedding, Ena? It's really quaite a good imitation of Bruges lace. 1997 T. Pynchon Mason & Dixon 516 A coördinator in a single-breasted Soutane, or Cassock, of black Bruges Velvet and lin'd with Wolverine Fur, stands upon a small podium. 2. Bruges Group n. [ < the name of Bruges (alluding to a speech given in Bruges by Margaret Thatcher, then Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, in September 1988) + group n.] British Politics a political pressure group formed in 1989 with the intention of arguing against British participation in the creation of a federal European state. ΚΠ 1989 Times 31 Jan. 12/1 Tomorrow week the Reform Club sees the launch of yet another influential, right-thinking think-tank. It calls itself the Bruges Group—after the venue of Mrs T's recent speech at which she put the boot into creeping Euro-federalism—and will gather under the leadership of Ralph Harris to do battle against such iniquities as common European currencies, Eurocracy and apostate Tories led by Lord Cockfield. 1991 Daily Tel. 10 Jan. 17/1 Joining forces under the auspices of the Bruges Group—a cross-party pressure group. 2012 Irish Times 24 Nov. 2/1 Last Monday, the Maastricht rebels received a standing ovation from the Eurosceptic Bruges Group. †II. Simple uses. 3. A kind of satin having a warp of silk and a weft of flax or wool; = Bruges satin n. at sense 1b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > types of > with glossy or shiny surface > satin > types of fuger1465 Bruges satin1502 cypress1509 Bruges1552 satinesco1615 siper1805 satin de chine1833 duchesse satin1878 1552 in W. Page Inventories Church Goods York, Durham & Northumberland (1897) 42 One greine vestment of sattene in Burges. 1560 in F. G. Emmison Essex Wills (1982) (modernized text) I. 94 My best gown..faced with ‘bridge’. 1596 in F. G. Emmison Essex Wills (2000) (modernized text) XII. 156 1 featherbed in the parlour with a coverlet of ‘Bredges’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1473
随便看	θ105052 θ105053 θ105054 θ105055 θ105056 θ105057 θ105058 θ105059 θ10506 θ105060 θ105061 θ105062 θ105063 θ105064 θ105065 θ105066 θ105067 θ105068 θ105069 θ10507 θ105070 θ105071 θ105072 θ105073 θ105074