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单词 typho-
释义

typho-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: typhus n., typhoid adj., -o- connective.
Etymology: < typh- (in typhus n. or typhoid adj.) + -o- connective. Compare post-classical Latin typho- and its etymon ancient Greek τῡϕο- (see typhomania n.).Found in a small number of formations illustrated below. Compare also typhomania n.
Medicine.
Forming terms relating to typhus or typhoid fever.
typho-adynamic adj.
Brit. /ˌtʌɪfəʊeɪdʌɪˈnamɪk/
,
/ˌtʌɪfəʊadʌɪˈnamɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌtaɪfoʊˌeɪdaɪˈnæmɪk/
,
/ˌtaɪfoʊˌædaɪˈnæmɪk/
now disused characterized by great weakness or debility (as seen in typhus).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [adjective] > typhoid
typhoidal1809
typho-adynamic1835
typho-malarial1862
typhogenic1866
typhoid1873
1835 J. Copland Dict. Pract. Med. I. iii. 903/1 The types and forms [of fever]..are..typho-adynamic, or associated with severe cerebral affection.
1843 Edinb. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 60 50 If the disease should..pass into its third stage, or that which we would call its typhoid or typho-adynamic stage, into that which we have so fully described as the third stage of the ataxoid remittent, our means must be varied.
1898 P. Manson Trop. Dis. ii. 66 The fever may assume the typho-adynamic type.
1907 Dublin Jrnl. Med. Sci. 124 117 In severe cases death usually follows, and is brought about by (1) the fever taking on a typho-adynamic type, or cerebral or hyperpyrexial symptoms may supervene.
typhogenic adj.
Brit. /ˌtʌɪfə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌtaɪfəˈdʒɛnɪk/
now rare producing typhoid fever or typhus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [adjective] > typhoid
typhoidal1809
typho-adynamic1835
typho-malarial1862
typhogenic1866
typhoid1873
1866 Brit. Jrnl. Homœopathy 24 85 It is thus proved by numerous facts that arsenic can excite morbid states similar to typhoid fever, and that in this respect it derives the epithet typhogenic.
1882 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 6 May 646/1 It..is regarded as the result of the combined action of a malarial and typhogenic poison.
1911 Public Health Rep. (U.S. Public Health & Marine-Hosp. Service) 26 1528 In that country the typhogenic foci are dense and numerous.
2004 Emerging Infectious Dis. 10 549/3 The risk of transmission of epidemic typhus in the state of Mexico was assessed by analyzing serum specimens from 393 residents of previous typhogenic areas for immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies against Rickettsia prowazekii.
typholysin n.
Brit. /tʌɪˈfɒlᵻsɪn/
,
U.S. /taɪˈfɑləs(ə)n/
[after German Typhushämolysin (E. Levy & P. Levy 1901, in Centralbl. f. Bakteriol., Parasitenkunde u. Infektionskrankheiten: Erste Abt. 30 406)] now rare or disused a haemolysin produced by the bacterium that causes typhoid fever ( Salmonella typhi).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > substances acting on bacteria > [noun] > bactericide > specific
alexin1891
typholysin1902
optochin1914
marfanil1942
1902 Lancet 15 Feb. 438/2 Hæmolysins, such as the pyocyanolysin and typholysin..seem to possess very great heat-resisting powers.
1909 W. D. Emery Immunity & Specific Therapy ii. 53 Typholysin appears to be less resistant, but is definitely thermostable.
1920 H. G. Wells Chem. Pathol. (ed. 4) 219 Among the best known hemolytic bacterial toxins are tetanolysin, pyocyanolysin, typholysin, [etc.].
typho-malarial adj.
Brit. /ˌtʌɪfə(ʊ)məˈlɛːrɪəl/
,
U.S. /ˌtaɪfoʊməˈlɛriəl/
now historical designating a fever believed to exhibit features of both typhoid fever and malaria; of or relating to this fever.The disease known as typho-malarial fever was probably usually typhoid fever, and sometimes Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [adjective] > typhoid
typhoidal1809
typho-adynamic1835
typho-malarial1862
typhogenic1866
typhoid1873
1862 R. A. Wells Physician's Rep. 1 Dec. in Jrnl. Senate Missouri (22nd Gen. Assembly, 1st Sess.) (1863) App. 109 (table) Typho Malarial Fever.
1884 Lisbon (Dakota Territory) Star 29 Aug. A severe attack of typho-malarial fever.
1898 P. Manson Trop. Dis. vi. 109 These cases are typho-malarial,..typhoid with a malarial complication.
1971 P. Berton Last Spike ix. iii. 391 Steele was felled by a massive attack of fever, which he described as a Rocky Mountain typho-malarial fever (probably Rocky Mountain spotted fever, which had been identified only a few years before).
2002 R. Sallares Malaria & Rome 128 Before the true aetiology of malaria was established, this similarity between P. falciparum malaria and typhoid fever led many doctors to assimilate the two in the form of a syndrome, called typho-malarial fever, whose reality is no longer accepted by modern doctors.
typho-pneumonia n.
Brit. /ˌtʌɪfə(ʊ)njuːˈməʊnɪə/
,
/ˌtʌɪfə(ʊ)njᵿˈməʊnɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌtaɪfoʊnəˈmoʊnjə/
,
/ˌtaɪfoʊˌn(j)uˈmoʊnjə/
now disused pneumonia occurring during the course of typhoid fever or accompanied by the typhoid state.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorder of respiratory organs > [noun] > disorders of lungs > pneumonia > types of pneumonia
typho-pneumonia1854
broncho-pneumonia1858
walking pneumonia1888
virus pneumonia1936
pneumocystis pneumonia1956
PCP1975
Legion disease1976
legionnaires' disease1976
1854 Philadelphia Jrnl. Homœopathy 3 15 The entire characteristics of Hyoscyamus are those of disordered nervous action, affecting the vascular system secondarily. Hence in high grades of inflammation it is never indicated, but is often useful in low typhoid states, typho-pneumonia, and typhoid fever attended with its peculiar cough.
1878 A. M. Hamilton Nerv. Dis. 62 Typhoid, in some of its forms, or typho-pneumonia, may resemble tubercular meningitis.
1927 Lancet 17 Dec. 1289/2 Dr. Sidney Phillips recorded at the Clinical Society in 1905 a case of typho-pneumonia, where small hæmorrhagic infarctions were found microscopically scattered throughout the lungs.
typhotoxin n.
Brit. /ˌtʌɪfə(ʊ)ˈtɒksɪn/
,
U.S. /ˌtaɪfoʊˈtɑks(ə)n/
(also typhotoxine) [after German Typhotoxin ( L. Brieger Ueber Ptomaine (1886) iii. 86)] now disused a toxic substance, identified as a ptomaine, obtained from cultures of the bacterium which causes typhoid fever ( Salmonella typhi).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > from putrefying matter > specific
sausage poison1843
septine1866
neurine1868
tyrotoxicon1886
mydaleine1887
tetanine1888
typhotoxin1888
tyrotoxin1890
1888 Med. Rec. 28 Apr. 462/1 Brieger isolated from pure cultures of the typhoid bacillus a very poisonous ptomaïne, or toxin as he prefers to call this group of substances. He has given to it the name typho-toxin.
1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Typhotoxine, C7H17NO2.
1901 W. Osler Princ. & Pract. Med. (ed. 4) i. 8 Brieger isolated from cultures [of typhoid bacilli] a poison belonging to the group of ptomaines—typhotoxin.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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comb. form1835
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