typhoonn.

Brit.

/tʌɪˈfuːn/, U.S.

/taɪˈfun/

Forms: α. 1500s touffon, 1600s tuffon, tuffone, tuffin, tufon, tufaon, tufan, 1700s typhawn, 1800s tuphan, toofan, touffan, tūfān. β. 1600s–1800s tuffoon, 1700s–1800s tiffoon. γ. 1700s tay-fun, 1800s ty-foong, tifoon, tyfoon, typhoon.

Etymology: Two different eastern words are included here: (1) the α-forms (like Portuguese tufão , †tufõe ) are < Urdu (Persian and Arabic) ṭūfān a violent storm of wind and rain, a tempest, hurricane, tornado, commonly referred to Arabic ṭāfa , to turn round (nouns of action ṭauf , ṭawafān ), but possibly an adoption of Greek τῡϕῶν typhon n.²; (2) the β- and γ- forms represent Chinese tai fung , common dialect forms (as in Cantonese) of ta big, and fêng wind (hence also German teifun ). The spelling of the β-forms has apparently been influenced by that of the earlier-known Indian word, while that now current is due to association with typhon n.²

(a) A violent storm or tempest occurring in India (†occasionally with reference to other localities). (b) A violent cyclonic storm or hurricane occurring in the China seas and adjacent regions, chiefly during the period from July to October.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [noun] > stormy weather > a storm > violent storm > specific types

hurricane1555

typhoon1588

oliphant1616

elephant1702

elephanta1725

typhon1783

tropical storm1809

tropical cyclone1852

hustler1882

hurricano-

α.

1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 34^v I went a boord of the Shippe of Bengala, at which time it was the yeere of Touffon.

1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 35 This Touffon or cruell storme endured three dayes and three nightes.

1614 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iv. xix. 448 The winde, which they call Tufan is so violent, that it driueth ships on the land, ouerthroweth men and houses.

1616 R. Cocks Diary (1883) I. 163 Over~cast wether, with a stiff gale wynd..towardes night proved a tuffon.

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. i. vi. 20 Tempests, Huricanos, Tufons, Water-spouts.

1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 11 It may also be remembred, that during this late tuffon, lightning was seen to fall and hang like fire.

1674 J. Josselyn Acct. Two Voy. 54 In the West-Indies in August and September the forcible North-wind, which though some call Tuffins or Hurricanes we must distinguish.

1793 W. Hodges Trav. India 132 The country people call them aundees, and typhawns.

1811 M. M. Sherwood in Life (1847) xxiii. 382 During a most tremendous touffan.

1826 W. B. Hockley Pandurang Hari I. iv. 48 I..inquired how this toofan or storm had arisen.

1850 F. Parks Wanderings of Pilgrim II. xliii. 53 The whirling clouds of the tūfān.

1885 T. H. Lewin Fly on Wheel ii. 61 We ought to make ready for the coming ‘tuphan’ or tempest.

β. 1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. i. ii. 35 The violent Storms, called Tuffoons, (Typhones).1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies II. xxxix. 89 September, they reacht the Coast of China, where meeting with a Tuffoon, or a North-east Storm, that often blows violently about that Season, they were forced to bear away.1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 274 Those dreadful Gusts of Wind called here [i.e. near Canton] by the Name of Tuffoons, of which the Chinese relate very amazing and incredible Effects.1774 Ann. Reg. 1773 202/1 We had another tiffoon in August, when all the European ships at Wampoo drove with three anchors a-head.1802 Capt. Elmore in Naval Chron. 8 381 In the event of a tuffoon coming on.1831 E. J. Trelawny Adventures Younger Son I. 281 I should as soon have thought of anchoring on the sand-heads in a tiffoon.γ. 1771 J. R. Forster tr. P. Osbeck Voy. China I. 169 Exceeding great storms (called Tay-fun by the Chinese).1806 Naval Chron. 15 465 A Danish..ship..encountered a Ty-foong.1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound ii. iv. 90 My coursers..outstrip the Typhoon [rhyme moon].1832 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 2) II. 98 Captain W. H. Smyth informs me, that when cruizing..amidst the Philippine Islands, he has..seen, after those dreadful hurricanes called typhoons, floating islands of wood, with trees growing upon them.1848 S. W. Williams Middle Kingdom I. ii. 49 The increased temperature on the southern coast during..June and July operates..to produce violent storms along the seaboard, called tyfoons, from the Chinese ta-fung, or ‘great wind’.1900 Jrnl. School Geogr. (U.S.) June 224 The typhoon of the western Pacific Ocean is in many respects the counterpart of the West Indian hurricane.figurative.1851 J. Milne Poems 295 Thoughts have their Typhoons.1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 807 Its [the heart's] workings..lie..in the track of emotional gales and typhoons.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations.

1880 I. L. Bird Unbeaten Tracks Japan II. 124 It was what they call a ‘typhoon rain’, without the typhoon.

1901 D. B. Hall & A. Osborne Sunshine & Surf ii. 17 Our track was well out of the typhoon district.

1907 Manila Cablenews 21 Aug. 8/5 The building is of concrete, earthquake- and typhoon-proof.

Derivatives

typhoon v. (transitive) to batter with the force of a typhoon.Apparently an isolated use.

a1953 D. Thomas Under Milk Wood (1954) 50 But with blue lazy eyes the fishermen gaze at that milkmaid whispering water with no ruck or ripple as though it blew great guns and serpents and typhooned the town.

tyˈphoonish adj. resembling or portending a typhoon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [adjective] > stormy > associated with storms > resembling or portending a typhoon

typhoonish1880

1880 W. C. Russell Sailor's Sweetheart vi That was a bright flash! Gad! That looked typhoonish!

1893 K. T. Webber in Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch 22 Nov. The weather..had been very ‘typhoonish’.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	typhoon
释义	typhoonn. Brit. /tʌɪˈfuːn/, U.S. /taɪˈfun/ Forms: α. 1500s touffon, 1600s tuffon, tuffone, tuffin, tufon, tufaon, tufan, 1700s typhawn, 1800s tuphan, toofan, touffan, tūfān. β. 1600s–1800s tuffoon, 1700s–1800s tiffoon. γ. 1700s tay-fun, 1800s ty-foong, tifoon, tyfoon, typhoon. Etymology: Two different eastern words are included here: (1) the α-forms (like Portuguese tufão , †tufõe ) are < Urdu (Persian and Arabic) ṭūfān a violent storm of wind and rain, a tempest, hurricane, tornado, commonly referred to Arabic ṭāfa , to turn round (nouns of action ṭauf , ṭawafān ), but possibly an adoption of Greek τῡϕῶν typhon n.²; (2) the β- and γ- forms represent Chinese tai fung , common dialect forms (as in Cantonese) of ta big, and fêng wind (hence also German teifun ). The spelling of the β-forms has apparently been influenced by that of the earlier-known Indian word, while that now current is due to association with typhon n.² (a) A violent storm or tempest occurring in India (†occasionally with reference to other localities). (b) A violent cyclonic storm or hurricane occurring in the China seas and adjacent regions, chiefly during the period from July to October. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [noun] > stormy weather > a storm > violent storm > specific types hurricane1555 typhoon1588 oliphant1616 elephant1702 elephanta1725 typhon1783 tropical storm1809 tropical cyclone1852 hustler1882 hurricano- α. 1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 34^v I went a boord of the Shippe of Bengala, at which time it was the yeere of Touffon. 1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 35 This Touffon or cruell storme endured three dayes and three nightes. 1614 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iv. xix. 448 The winde, which they call Tufan is so violent, that it driueth ships on the land, ouerthroweth men and houses. 1616 R. Cocks Diary (1883) I. 163 Over~cast wether, with a stiff gale wynd..towardes night proved a tuffon. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. i. vi. 20 Tempests, Huricanos, Tufons, Water-spouts. 1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 11 It may also be remembred, that during this late tuffon, lightning was seen to fall and hang like fire. 1674 J. Josselyn Acct. Two Voy. 54 In the West-Indies in August and September the forcible North-wind, which though some call Tuffins or Hurricanes we must distinguish. 1793 W. Hodges Trav. India 132 The country people call them aundees, and typhawns. 1811 M. M. Sherwood in Life (1847) xxiii. 382 During a most tremendous touffan. 1826 W. B. Hockley Pandurang Hari I. iv. 48 I..inquired how this toofan or storm had arisen. 1850 F. Parks Wanderings of Pilgrim II. xliii. 53 The whirling clouds of the tūfān. 1885 T. H. Lewin Fly on Wheel ii. 61 We ought to make ready for the coming ‘tuphan’ or tempest. β. 1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. i. ii. 35 The violent Storms, called Tuffoons, (Typhones).1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies II. xxxix. 89 September, they reacht the Coast of China, where meeting with a Tuffoon, or a North-east Storm, that often blows violently about that Season, they were forced to bear away.1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 274 Those dreadful Gusts of Wind called here [i.e. near Canton] by the Name of Tuffoons, of which the Chinese relate very amazing and incredible Effects.1774 Ann. Reg. 1773 202/1 We had another tiffoon in August, when all the European ships at Wampoo drove with three anchors a-head.1802 Capt. Elmore in Naval Chron. 8 381 In the event of a tuffoon coming on.1831 E. J. Trelawny Adventures Younger Son I. 281 I should as soon have thought of anchoring on the sand-heads in a tiffoon.γ. 1771 J. R. Forster tr. P. Osbeck Voy. China I. 169 Exceeding great storms (called Tay-fun by the Chinese).1806 Naval Chron. 15 465 A Danish..ship..encountered a Ty-foong.1820 P. B. Shelley Prometheus Unbound ii. iv. 90 My coursers..outstrip the Typhoon [rhyme moon].1832 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 2) II. 98 Captain W. H. Smyth informs me, that when cruizing..amidst the Philippine Islands, he has..seen, after those dreadful hurricanes called typhoons, floating islands of wood, with trees growing upon them.1848 S. W. Williams Middle Kingdom I. ii. 49 The increased temperature on the southern coast during..June and July operates..to produce violent storms along the seaboard, called tyfoons, from the Chinese ta-fung, or ‘great wind’.1900 Jrnl. School Geogr. (U.S.) June 224 The typhoon of the western Pacific Ocean is in many respects the counterpart of the West Indian hurricane.figurative.1851 J. Milne Poems 295 Thoughts have their Typhoons.1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 807 Its [the heart's] workings..lie..in the track of emotional gales and typhoons. Compounds attributive and in other combinations. Π 1880 I. L. Bird Unbeaten Tracks Japan II. 124 It was what they call a ‘typhoon rain’, without the typhoon. 1901 D. B. Hall & A. Osborne Sunshine & Surf ii. 17 Our track was well out of the typhoon district. 1907 Manila Cablenews 21 Aug. 8/5 The building is of concrete, earthquake- and typhoon-proof. Derivatives typhoon v. (transitive) to batter with the force of a typhoon.Apparently an isolated use. Π a1953 D. Thomas Under Milk Wood (1954) 50 But with blue lazy eyes the fishermen gaze at that milkmaid whispering water with no ruck or ripple as though it blew great guns and serpents and typhooned the town. tyˈphoonish adj. resembling or portending a typhoon. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [adjective] > stormy > associated with storms > resembling or portending a typhoon typhoonish1880 1880 W. C. Russell Sailor's Sweetheart vi That was a bright flash! Gad! That looked typhoonish! 1893 K. T. Webber in Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch 22 Nov. The weather..had been very ‘typhoonish’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1588
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