Brunswickn.

Brit.

/ˈbrʌnzwɪk/, U.S.

/ˈbrənzˌwɪk/

Forms: late Middle English Browneswyke, 1600s Brunsweik (Scottish), 1600s Brunswicke, 1600s– Brunswick.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Brunswick.

Etymology: < the name of Brunswick (Middle Low German Brūnswīk, German regional (Low German) Brūnswīk, Brunswyk; German Braunschweig), a city in northern Germany (formerly the capital of the duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel).Earlier currency of the English word is suggested by the following earlier example of the fabric name in a Latin context:a1427 in C. M. Woolgar Househ. Accts. Medieval Eng. (1992) II. 660 Pro lxiiii ulnis de canvace vocato Brouneswyk' pro duplicacione de xiiii houcez.

I. Simple uses.

†1. A kind of textile fabric originally imported from Brunswick, Germany; an article made from this fabric. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > other textile fabrics > [noun]

renciana1300

maidenhair1359

caryc1394

spinal1399

whitefolding1423

care1429

radevorec1430

queen's clothc1450

basselan1453

Brunswick1480

ragmas1480

haberjetc1503

redvorea1525

stockbridge1526

demigraine1540

fledge1542

pinned white1552

satin-reverses1554

beverneck1567

scamato1569

messellawny1604

brogetie1610

novato1614

fugeratta1638

barrateen1689

tamarine1691

masquerade1696

calandring1697

succatoon1703

russerine1710

stade1714

Chuckla1721

long ell1725

slay1745

vilderoy1769

succota1780

minorque1794

zebra1829

grising1866

Turkoman1881

cameline1886

lyocell1990

1480 Wardrobe Accts. Edward IV in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 130 Brussell clothe DCC vij elles iij quarters; Browneswyke iiij^xx ix elles.

1669 Act for Setling of Excize 86 Carpets called..Brunswicks and Gentish Carpets, stript and unstript.

1735 S.-Carolina Gaz. 24 Jan. 3/1 Brunswick, gulix, alcamar, gentish and tendam holland, fine and midling cambricks, brown hollands [etc.].

1770 J. Atkinson Tariff 15 Linen... Hollands, 15 ps. Hempen, 80 ps. Silesia, Brunswick, and Westphalia, 12 ps. Pack linen, 40 ps.

1813 Repertory of Arts 2nd Ser. 22 384 Richard Coupland and Frederick Coupland, of Leeds, in the county of York, Manufacturers; for their manufacture of shawls, cords, Brunswicks, ribbed and plain kerseymeres and milled cloths, from a mixture of animal and vegetable wool.

2. A woman's sack-back gown or jacket, popular in the later 18th cent., typically having a hood, buttoned front, and close-fitting sleeves with ruffles at the elbows, and usually worn over a matching petticoat. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > types of > other

gite13..

long dress1731

Jesuit1767

Brunswick1769

overdress1812

fancy dress1826

agbada1852

stone-bluea1855

low-neck1858

Dolly Varden1872

sundress1875

frump1886

harem dress1911

kimono gowna1922

gina-gina1923

dirndl1937

qipao1955

cheongsam1957

sack dress1957

tent dress1957

gomesi1965

minidress1965

poncho dress1968

longuette1970

anarkali1988

suit dress2017

1769 Public Advertiser 20 Mar. (advt.) Ladies Riding-Habits made, Brunswicks [etc.].

1775 Misc. in Ann. Reg. 193/2 Hats, bonnets, sacks, jesuits, brunswicks, poloneses, muffs, &c.

1794 Oracle & Public Advertiser 8 Nov. Young Ladies Dress, Undress, and Coloured Frocks, Dimity Cloaks, Petticoats, Pockets, Sleeping Gowns, Brunswicks, &c. particularly cheap.

1984 A. Ribeiro Dress in 18th Cent. Europe 105/2 A three-quarter length Brunswick ordered in 1768..was used as a garment for out-of-doors, but later in 1772, a Brunswick of blue and white checked cotton was probably..seen as an informal dress.

2016 M. D. Doering in J. Blanco Clothing & Fashion 314/2 Brunswicks..generally had form-fitting wrist-length sleeves.

II. Compounds.

3. attributive (in sense 2), as Brunswick dress, Brunswick gown, Brunswick jacket, etc. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1769 Gen. Lover vi. 22 A Brunswick habit, which was..blue, I open'd at the hands and bosom to give her air.

1774 Public Advertiser 3 May Mrs. Pelham, whole Length, in a flowered Muslin Brunswick Dress, feeding her Poultry.

1797 True Briton 19 May Book Muslin Petticoats, 41/2 yards wide, 1 guinea; Brunswick Jacket and Petticoat; Dimity Petticoats 10s.

1814 Family Politics iv. i, in J. Galt New Brit. Theatre II. 228 My Lady will be so pleased with the discovery I have made, that she will probably reward me with the old Brunswick dress.

1984 A. Ribeiro Dress in 18th Cent. Europe 105/1 (caption) The mother's hooded, sack-back Brunswick gown, has the characteristic long sleeves broken at the elbow.

2015 S. F. Craft Cassia xvii. 193 Lilyan..concentrated mightily on unfolding her favorite Brunswick jacket. The three-quarter length garment..was her favorite traveling gown.

4. Brunswick green n. any of various deep green pigments, typically containing copper, the earliest of which was perhaps a copper chloride hydroxide; (also) any of a range of shades of green produced by such pigments (or in imitation of them using mixtures such as chrome green). [After German Braunschweigisches Grün (1767), so called because the pigment was originally manufactured by the Gravenhorst Brothers' company in Brunswick, where it was invented in 1764. Compare German Braunschweiger Grün (1771 or earlier), now the more usual term.]

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [noun] > shade or tint of green > other greens

beech-greenc1450

frost on green1559

sap1572

apple green1648

sap-green1686

myrtle green1717

Brunswick green1790

pistachio1791

pistachio green1793

mountain green1794

lettuce green1834

copper-green1843

canard1872

myrtle1872

leaf-green1880

cress-green1883

cresson1883

watercress green1883

lizard-green1897

jade1921

apple1923

laurel1923

mango1930

laurel-green1938

lettuce1963

mint1967

the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > green colouring matter > [noun] > pigment or dye > other pigments

vert1481

verditer1505

green bice1548

sap1572

sap-green1578

terre-verte1658

verditer1665

ultramarine blue (or colour)1686

emerald1712

Prussian green1738

Saxon green1753

verditel1778

Brunswick green1790

mountain green1822

Vienna green1825

bladder-green1830

Verona green1835

mitis green1839

Paris green1847

Hooker's green1860

Guignet's green1862

emerald green1879

silk green1880

viridian1882

Cassel green1885

Milori green1885

Victoria green1890

Montpellier green1930

cadmium green1934

guaco1936

Monastral1936

1790 Mem. Lit. & Philos. Soc. Manch. 3 531 The modern Brunswick green is still kept secret.

1869 Bradshaw's Railway Man. 21 460 (advt.) Brunswick Green dark middle, and pale.

2012 Heritage Railway 16 Feb. 12/2 (caption) The engine is painted in Brunswick green livery but with the cylinders unlined in accordance with standard Doncaster practice.

a. Brunswick black n. now rare (chiefly historical in later use) a black varnish typically made of turpentine and asphalt or lampblack; cf. Berlin black n. at Berlin n. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [noun] > varnish > types of

lac1598

lacquer1697

amber varnish1731

spirit varnish1738

fern-oil1753

Venetian varnish1755

Brunswick black1791

thitsi1832

Japan lacquer1835

nashiji1880

1791 Diary; or, Woodfall's Reg. 6 Jan. (advt.) Skidmore's Valuable Shining Liquid Brunswick Black, for blacking Bath and other Stoves, Hearths, insides of Chimnies, &c.

1818 Literary Jrnl. June 167/2 Their back surfaces must be covered in a thin coating of Brunswick black.

1883 Science 9 Mar. 144/1 All trouble from halos may be avoided by coating the back of the plate with Brunswick black, which reflects no light to the film.

1907 A. E. Housman Let. 23 Apr. (2007) I. 205 The copy now in your possession I beg you to throw in the fire while there is a fire, before Mrs Rothenstein has had her spring cleaning and put Brunswick black on the grate.

2014 J. Ayres Art, Artisans & Apprentices xv. 324 The ferrous materials being treated with Brunswick black to minimise rusting which would stain the clay.

b. Brunswick-black v. now rare transitive to varnish with Brunswick black; (figurative) to blacken.

ΚΠ

1880 Eng. Mechanic & World of Sci. 8 Oct. 118/3 The stem connecting the arms with the copper wire was Brunswick-blacked or covered with pitch.

1908 Daily Chron. 26 Mar. 3/3 Wide enough of eye to see how he Brunswick-blacked the greys of life.

1935 C. Massie Hallelujah Chorus i. 3 The front door..was furnished with a heavy knocker in ornamental cast-iron; Brunswick-blacked and polished.

6. Brunswick Club n. now historical any of a number of Protestant organizations formed first in Ireland and later in England to oppose Daniel O'Connell's Catholic Association and the Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829. [Probably so named on account of the fact that the heirs of Sophia of Hanover, Duchess Dowager of Hanover and Brunswick (1630–1714), were designated as the lawful British monarchs by the Act of Settlement of 1701. Although it has sometimes been suggested that the first club of this kind was founded by Charles, Duke of Brunswick 1823–31, there appears to be no evidence to support such a suggestion.]

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > Irish politics > [noun] > societies or associations

levellers1762

Hearts of Steel1771

Peep o' Day Boys1780

Rightboys1786

Brunswick Club1828

Orange Order1828

Young Ireland1843

Land league1881

U.I.L.1901

Noraid1974

U.U.U.C.1974

INLA1979

1828 Standard 27 Mar. The Cork Brunswick Club, which has been formed in the maintenance of the principles which placed the present illustrious family on the throne of these realms.

1829 T. Wyse Hist. Sketch Catholic Assoc. Ireland II. 13 The Catholic Association on one hand, and Brunswick Clubs on the other.

1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 813/1 The Brunswick clubs..were sprigs from the original Orange tree.

1942 E. Bowen Bowen's Court viii. 197 The ‘Brunswickers’..were the members of the Cork Brunswick Club—composed of prominent citizens and neighbouring gentlemen.

2000 S. Farrell Rituals & Riots iii. 88 Worried by the formation and rapid expansion of the Brunswick clubs, Daniel O'Connell and other leaders of the Catholic Association quickly moved to counter their ‘new’ opponents.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	brunswick
释义	Brunswickn. Brit. /ˈbrʌnzwɪk/, U.S. /ˈbrənzˌwɪk/ Forms: late Middle English Browneswyke, 1600s Brunsweik (Scottish), 1600s Brunswicke, 1600s– Brunswick. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Brunswick. Etymology: < the name of Brunswick (Middle Low German Brūnswīk, German regional (Low German) Brūnswīk, Brunswyk; German Braunschweig), a city in northern Germany (formerly the capital of the duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel).Earlier currency of the English word is suggested by the following earlier example of the fabric name in a Latin context:a1427 in C. M. Woolgar Househ. Accts. Medieval Eng. (1992) II. 660 Pro lxiiii ulnis de canvace vocato Brouneswyk' pro duplicacione de xiiii houcez. I. Simple uses. †1. A kind of textile fabric originally imported from Brunswick, Germany; an article made from this fabric. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > other textile fabrics > [noun] renciana1300 maidenhair1359 caryc1394 spinal1399 whitefolding1423 care1429 radevorec1430 queen's clothc1450 basselan1453 Brunswick1480 ragmas1480 haberjetc1503 redvorea1525 stockbridge1526 demigraine1540 fledge1542 pinned white1552 satin-reverses1554 beverneck1567 scamato1569 messellawny1604 brogetie1610 novato1614 fugeratta1638 barrateen1689 tamarine1691 masquerade1696 calandring1697 succatoon1703 russerine1710 stade1714 Chuckla1721 long ell1725 slay1745 vilderoy1769 succota1780 minorque1794 zebra1829 grising1866 Turkoman1881 cameline1886 lyocell1990 1480 Wardrobe Accts. Edward IV in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 130 Brussell clothe DCC vij elles iij quarters; Browneswyke iiij^xx ix elles. 1669 Act for Setling of Excize 86 Carpets called..Brunswicks and Gentish Carpets, stript and unstript. 1735 S.-Carolina Gaz. 24 Jan. 3/1 Brunswick, gulix, alcamar, gentish and tendam holland, fine and midling cambricks, brown hollands [etc.]. 1770 J. Atkinson Tariff 15 Linen... Hollands, 15 ps. Hempen, 80 ps. Silesia, Brunswick, and Westphalia, 12 ps. Pack linen, 40 ps. 1813 Repertory of Arts 2nd Ser. 22 384 Richard Coupland and Frederick Coupland, of Leeds, in the county of York, Manufacturers; for their manufacture of shawls, cords, Brunswicks, ribbed and plain kerseymeres and milled cloths, from a mixture of animal and vegetable wool. 2. A woman's sack-back gown or jacket, popular in the later 18th cent., typically having a hood, buttoned front, and close-fitting sleeves with ruffles at the elbows, and usually worn over a matching petticoat. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > types of > other gite13.. long dress1731 Jesuit1767 Brunswick1769 overdress1812 fancy dress1826 agbada1852 stone-bluea1855 low-neck1858 Dolly Varden1872 sundress1875 frump1886 harem dress1911 kimono gowna1922 gina-gina1923 dirndl1937 qipao1955 cheongsam1957 sack dress1957 tent dress1957 gomesi1965 minidress1965 poncho dress1968 longuette1970 anarkali1988 suit dress2017 1769 Public Advertiser 20 Mar. (advt.) Ladies Riding-Habits made, Brunswicks [etc.]. 1775 Misc. in Ann. Reg. 193/2 Hats, bonnets, sacks, jesuits, brunswicks, poloneses, muffs, &c. 1794 Oracle & Public Advertiser 8 Nov. Young Ladies Dress, Undress, and Coloured Frocks, Dimity Cloaks, Petticoats, Pockets, Sleeping Gowns, Brunswicks, &c. particularly cheap. 1984 A. Ribeiro Dress in 18th Cent. Europe 105/2 A three-quarter length Brunswick ordered in 1768..was used as a garment for out-of-doors, but later in 1772, a Brunswick of blue and white checked cotton was probably..seen as an informal dress. 2016 M. D. Doering in J. Blanco Clothing & Fashion 314/2 Brunswicks..generally had form-fitting wrist-length sleeves. II. Compounds. 3. attributive (in sense 2), as Brunswick dress, Brunswick gown, Brunswick jacket, etc. Now historical. ΚΠ 1769 Gen. Lover vi. 22 A Brunswick habit, which was..blue, I open'd at the hands and bosom to give her air. 1774 Public Advertiser 3 May Mrs. Pelham, whole Length, in a flowered Muslin Brunswick Dress, feeding her Poultry. 1797 True Briton 19 May Book Muslin Petticoats, 41/2 yards wide, 1 guinea; Brunswick Jacket and Petticoat; Dimity Petticoats 10s. 1814 Family Politics iv. i, in J. Galt New Brit. Theatre II. 228 My Lady will be so pleased with the discovery I have made, that she will probably reward me with the old Brunswick dress. 1984 A. Ribeiro Dress in 18th Cent. Europe 105/1 (caption) The mother's hooded, sack-back Brunswick gown, has the characteristic long sleeves broken at the elbow. 2015 S. F. Craft Cassia xvii. 193 Lilyan..concentrated mightily on unfolding her favorite Brunswick jacket. The three-quarter length garment..was her favorite traveling gown. 4. Brunswick green n. any of various deep green pigments, typically containing copper, the earliest of which was perhaps a copper chloride hydroxide; (also) any of a range of shades of green produced by such pigments (or in imitation of them using mixtures such as chrome green). [After German Braunschweigisches Grün (1767), so called because the pigment was originally manufactured by the Gravenhorst Brothers' company in Brunswick, where it was invented in 1764. Compare German Braunschweiger Grün (1771 or earlier), now the more usual term.] ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [noun] > shade or tint of green > other greens beech-greenc1450 frost on green1559 sap1572 apple green1648 sap-green1686 myrtle green1717 Brunswick green1790 pistachio1791 pistachio green1793 mountain green1794 lettuce green1834 copper-green1843 canard1872 myrtle1872 leaf-green1880 cress-green1883 cresson1883 watercress green1883 lizard-green1897 jade1921 apple1923 laurel1923 mango1930 laurel-green1938 lettuce1963 mint1967 the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > green colouring matter > [noun] > pigment or dye > other pigments vert1481 verditer1505 green bice1548 sap1572 sap-green1578 terre-verte1658 verditer1665 ultramarine blue (or colour)1686 emerald1712 Prussian green1738 Saxon green1753 verditel1778 Brunswick green1790 mountain green1822 Vienna green1825 bladder-green1830 Verona green1835 mitis green1839 Paris green1847 Hooker's green1860 Guignet's green1862 emerald green1879 silk green1880 viridian1882 Cassel green1885 Milori green1885 Victoria green1890 Montpellier green1930 cadmium green1934 guaco1936 Monastral1936 1790 Mem. Lit. & Philos. Soc. Manch. 3 531 The modern Brunswick green is still kept secret. 1869 Bradshaw's Railway Man. 21 460 (advt.) Brunswick Green dark middle, and pale. 2012 Heritage Railway 16 Feb. 12/2 (caption) The engine is painted in Brunswick green livery but with the cylinders unlined in accordance with standard Doncaster practice. 5. a. Brunswick black n. now rare (chiefly historical in later use) a black varnish typically made of turpentine and asphalt or lampblack; cf. Berlin black n. at Berlin n. Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [noun] > varnish > types of lac1598 lacquer1697 amber varnish1731 spirit varnish1738 fern-oil1753 Venetian varnish1755 Brunswick black1791 thitsi1832 Japan lacquer1835 nashiji1880 1791 Diary; or, Woodfall's Reg. 6 Jan. (advt.) Skidmore's Valuable Shining Liquid Brunswick Black, for blacking Bath and other Stoves, Hearths, insides of Chimnies, &c. 1818 Literary Jrnl. June 167/2 Their back surfaces must be covered in a thin coating of Brunswick black. 1883 Science 9 Mar. 144/1 All trouble from halos may be avoided by coating the back of the plate with Brunswick black, which reflects no light to the film. 1907 A. E. Housman Let. 23 Apr. (2007) I. 205 The copy now in your possession I beg you to throw in the fire while there is a fire, before Mrs Rothenstein has had her spring cleaning and put Brunswick black on the grate. 2014 J. Ayres Art, Artisans & Apprentices xv. 324 The ferrous materials being treated with Brunswick black to minimise rusting which would stain the clay. b. Brunswick-black v. now rare transitive to varnish with Brunswick black; (figurative) to blacken. ΚΠ 1880 Eng. Mechanic & World of Sci. 8 Oct. 118/3 The stem connecting the arms with the copper wire was Brunswick-blacked or covered with pitch. 1908 Daily Chron. 26 Mar. 3/3 Wide enough of eye to see how he Brunswick-blacked the greys of life. 1935 C. Massie Hallelujah Chorus i. 3 The front door..was furnished with a heavy knocker in ornamental cast-iron; Brunswick-blacked and polished. 6. Brunswick Club n. now historical any of a number of Protestant organizations formed first in Ireland and later in England to oppose Daniel O'Connell's Catholic Association and the Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829. [Probably so named on account of the fact that the heirs of Sophia of Hanover, Duchess Dowager of Hanover and Brunswick (1630–1714), were designated as the lawful British monarchs by the Act of Settlement of 1701. Although it has sometimes been suggested that the first club of this kind was founded by Charles, Duke of Brunswick 1823–31, there appears to be no evidence to support such a suggestion.] ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > Irish politics > [noun] > societies or associations levellers1762 Hearts of Steel1771 Peep o' Day Boys1780 Rightboys1786 Brunswick Club1828 Orange Order1828 Young Ireland1843 Land league1881 U.I.L.1901 Noraid1974 U.U.U.C.1974 INLA1979 1828 Standard 27 Mar. The Cork Brunswick Club, which has been formed in the maintenance of the principles which placed the present illustrious family on the throne of these realms. 1829 T. Wyse Hist. Sketch Catholic Assoc. Ireland II. 13 The Catholic Association on one hand, and Brunswick Clubs on the other. 1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 813/1 The Brunswick clubs..were sprigs from the original Orange tree. 1942 E. Bowen Bowen's Court viii. 197 The ‘Brunswickers’..were the members of the Cork Brunswick Club—composed of prominent citizens and neighbouring gentlemen. 2000 S. Farrell Rituals & Riots iii. 88 Worried by the formation and rapid expansion of the Brunswick clubs, Daniel O'Connell and other leaders of the Catholic Association quickly moved to counter their ‘new’ opponents. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1480
随便看	selfseekingness selfselect selfselected selfselecting selfselection selfselection bias selfsentenced selfserve selfservice selfserving selfset selfsetting selfshielded selfshielding selfshifter selfship selfshot selfsimilar selfsimilarity selfslain selfslaughter selfslaughtered selfslayer selfsnatchation selfsociety