addressn.

Brit.

/əˈdrɛs/, U.S.

/ˈæˌdrɛs/,

/əˈdrɛs/

Forms: 1500s addres, 1500s–1700s addresse, 1500s– address, 1600s adress.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: address v.; French adresse.

Etymology: Partly < address v., and partly < Middle French adresse, addresse (French adresse ) skill, ability, means of reaching an aim (all second half of the 14th cent.), destination (a1444), action of addressing someone, turning to someone (15th cent.; earlier in senses ‘(straight) path’ (c1177 in Old French as adresce ), ‘direction’ (a1267), ‘counsel’ (c1355)) < adresser address v.Compare the further senses of French adresse (also in form addresse ) formal request to the King (of England) (1656), formal written declaration to a king (1789), modelled on the English word. The sense ‘particulars of the destination of a message’ perhaps developed independently in each language (1690 in French). With sense 7a compare earlier addressly adv.

I. Senses relating to the action of directing or approaching a person or thing.

†1. Guidance; aid. Cf. address v. 13. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > advising or guidance

counsellingc1330

address1477

guidance?1548

instructions1665

guidage1805

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 159 He had neuer comen to the chief of this conqueste ne had ben..the ayde and adresse of Medea whiche was there present.

1562 T. Sternhold et al. Whole Bk. Psalmes xxxvii. 84 The Lord the iust mans waies doth guid and geuth him good successe: To euery thing he taketh in hande, he sendeth good addresse.

?1572 T. Paynell tr. Treasurie Amadis of Fraunce iv. iii. 91 The Lorde of all things, hath loked mercifully from heauen vpon hir, gyuing the addresse and helpe to the knightes that are nowe in this place, to assemble them as it were by a miracle.

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxvi. 98 Having thanked him for his good addresse, we fell to the Rice they gave us, which came but to two mouthfuls a piece, and so took our leaves of them, going directly to the place they had shewed us.

2. An act or instance of addressing someone.

a. Chiefly in plural. A courteous personal approach directed towards another person, esp. an approach of an amorous nature; an advance. to pay (also make) one's addresses: (of a man) to make respectful overtures to a woman as a preliminary to a romantic involvement. Now chiefly archaic.Also: spec. †appropriate or courteous conduct shown towards a king or queen; respect; an instance of this (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > courteous or deferential approach

address1539

accost1606

1539 in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) I. 544 The king looked for address: and was well pleased when he had it from such as had a repute for learning.

1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) v. v, in Wks. I. 71 Here is my mistris..to whom all my addresses of courtship shall haue their reference.

1640 W. Habington Hist. Edward IV 153 S. Paul in this distraction of thoughts endeavoured to recover a game quite lost, and made his addresses to the King of England.

1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. xix. sig. Hh8^v Procuring her to be Haunted by some, whose Vices..have reduc'd him..to make an Address which aims but at the Portion, not the Person.

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. ii. 11 She did not dislike his address, only the manner of it.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones VI. xvi. ix. 72 To make sham Addresses to the older Lady.

1853 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1854) I. ii. 17 The black footman..persecuted her with his addresses.

1857 Cape Monthly Mag. May 289 They are not allowed to pay their addresses to a girl belonging to a kraal from which they may have drunk amasi.

1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 528/1 When a young man paid his addresses to a young woman who did not reside in the same village as himself, it was the custom..to ‘pitcher’ him.

1951 G. Heyer Quiet Gentleman ii. 27 I could not..be expected to pay my addresses to anyone with so little countenance or conversation!

1998 H. Mantel Giant, O'Brien vii. 107 ‘Claffey means to pay you his proper addresses,’ Pybus said. ‘He is advanced in the art of courtship.’

b. An approach or overture, esp. for the purpose of asking or applying for aid, resolution, etc.; an application, an appeal. In later use chiefly: spec. an approach directed to God, etc., esp. expressing gratitude or praise; a prayer (now rare).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > invocation or appeal

bodec1175

stevenc1200

crya1300

askingc1330

prayerc1330

beseeching1340

invocationc1384

billc1386

conjuringa1400

pealc1400

conjurationc1450

adjuration?1473

remonstrance?1473

interpellation1526

contestation1548

address1570

vocation1574

imprecation1585

appellation1587

supplantation1590

advocation1598

application1607

invoking1611

inclamation1613

conjurement1643

bespeaking1661

vocative1747

incalling1850

appeal1859

appealing1876

appealingness1876

rogative1882

cri de cœur1897

1570 in W. Chambers Charters Burgh Peebles (1872) 325 To see gif they can haif ane addres of my lord Regent.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Acheminement, an addresse, introduction, entrie, ingression.

1632 J. Mabbe tr. J. de Santa Maria Policie Unveiled (title page) The Matters of Iustice, and Governement; The Addresses, Maxims, and Reasons of State.

1654 J. Bramhall Just Vindic. Church of Eng. iii. 35 To make his first addresse for Justice to a secular Magistrate.

1704 R. Nelson Compan. Festivals & Fasts i. iii. 37 Our Addresses to Heaven are represented by Frankincense.

a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iv. 503 Those unpremeditated addresses to heaven called ejaculations.

1917 Homiletic Rev. Jan. 51/1 While uttered in the form of an address to Jesus, we shall not miss their meaning.

2000 Ledger (Lakeland, Florida) (Nexis) 2 Sept. d1 Prayer is an act of worship. It may be individual or corporate, but it is an address to God by the inmost soul.

c. Also with capital initial. In earlier use: a formal approach to a sovereign, esp. a request, appeal, or statement of grievance; a petition; a statement arguing for or supporting something. Also in later use spec.: a formal reply required by each of the Houses of Parliament to the sovereign's speech at the opening of Parliament (see King's (or Queen's) Speech at speech n.¹ 8d). Also more fully Address to the Throne, humble address (also loyal address).

ΚΠ

1616 R. Betts tr. King James VI & I Remonstr. Right of Kings 96 Whilest all these remonstrances and addresses of the Council are on foote; behold, the Royall Maiesty of the King hangeth as it were by loose gimmals.

1662 A. Mervyn Speech to Duke of Ormond 3 It must be therefore a forc'd Put, that presseth us on to this address.

1701 (title) The humble address of the right honourable the Lords Spiritual & Temporal in Parliament assembled, presented to His Majesty on Tuesday the eighteenth day of February, 1700.

1701 D. Defoe Ye True-born Englishmen xxix A wise Address you do prepare, To have his Majesty take care Rebellion to prevent.

1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) Address, a discourse presented to the king, in the name of a considerable body of his people.

1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. ii. 154 They joined with this view, in an address to the regent.

1774 Jrnl. Proc. Congress 47 Resolved unanimously, that a loyal address to his Majesty be prepared, dutifully requesting the royal attention to the grievances that alarm and distress his Majesty's faithful subjects in North-America.

1839 Ld. Brougham Hist. Sketches Statesmen George III 3rd Ser. 135 The calumny being promulgated by an irresponsible body, and in an address to the throne, no proceedings at law were possible.

1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. i. ii. 53 The magistrates of the cities through which he passed welcomed him with complimentary addresses.

1870 Crown Hist. Eng. 808 Lord Liverpool moved the Address..the debate lasted two nights, the Address being finally carried by a majority of 163.

1931 R. MacDonald in Times 21 Jan. 7/4 It..becomes my duty to move that a humble Address be presented to his Majesty to express the deep concern of this House at the loss which his Majesty has sustained by the death of her Royal Highness the Princess Royal.

1989 Independent (Nexis) 1 June The Earl of Airlie (Lord Chamberlain) had an audience of The Queen and presented an Address from the House of Lords, to which Her Majesty was graciously pleased to make reply.

2002 R. Waller & B. Criddle Almanac Brit. Politics (ed. 7) 472 A Europhile Blairite loyalist, who has never strayed from centre-right affiliations in his party, his moving of the Loyal Address in June 2001 was considered less than Periclean.

d. A speech directed at or appealing to a particular audience; a written copy or account of this.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a speech

speakingc1275

cry1303

orisona1382

sermonc1385

exhortationc1450

oration?1504

prepositiona1513

declamation1523

concion1541

speak1567

set speech1573

speech1583

hortative1612

allocution1615

public addressa1639

address1643

presentation1714

speechification1809

speechment1826

1643 Ld. Capel (title) Address to all commanders, officers, and soldiers.

1701 W. Darrell tr. G. Daniel Disc. Cleander & Eudoxus ii. 55 I will end with an address to the Dominicans, or to others as Pascal has finish'd his thirteenth Letter with one to the Jesuits.

a1779 J. Cook Voy. Pacific Ocean (1784) I. v. 159 Soon after Taipa had delivered his address to the assembly, Feenou left them.

1827 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) IV. 155 The Bishop who delivered the valedictory address.

1840 W. H. Lewis (title) Address delivered before the Philodemic Society..on the 22d February, 1840.

1882 A. Bain James Mill iii. 87 I was at the meeting, and listened to Herschel's address.

1916 M. Gyte Diary 21 Apr. (1999) 85 Mr. Weadon took the service in Church and it was as usual. People get tired of his long addresses.

1969 Jrnl. Brit. Astron. Assoc. 79 345 The title of his address really should be ‘Gnomonics Discovered’.

1986 J. Batten Judges 6 Porter began his address to the jury. He worked without notes as he prowled in front of the jury-box.

2007 Independent 6 Mar. 27/1 The substance of his address at his party's conference on Sunday is worth revisiting.

e. A formal request to the monarch by both Houses of Parliament for the removal of a judge from office. In the U.S. (now also bill of address): a similar request, directed to the executive by both branches of the legislature (now rare). Also: the process by which a judge is so removed.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > formal request or petition > of particular type

litanyc1400

application1692

address1700

1700 Act 12 & 13 Will. III c. 2, § 3 Judges Commissions [to] be made Quamdiu se bene gesserint;..but upon the Address of both Houses of Parliament, it may be lawful to remove them.

1771 E. Burke Speech 7 Mar. in Speeches E. Burke House of Commons I. 81 We may, when we see cause of complaint, administer a remedy; it is in our choice by an address to remove an improper judge.

1822 Missouri Intelligencer 2 July 3/2 If any of the judges..must be removed, even without cause, still let it be done by address.

1882 H. Adams John Randolph 132 The Constitutions of England, of Massachusetts, of Pennsylvania, authorized the removal of an obnoxious judge on a mere address of the legislature.

1976 Economist (Nexis) 28 Feb. 30 The judge's retirement from the bench is entirely his own affair; he can be removed only by an address to the Queen by both houses of parliament.

1993 W. W. Horton Connecticut State Constit. 150 Impeachment is not the only way to remove appointed judicial officers. They can be removed by address under Article Fifth, §2, or by the Supreme Court under Article Fifth, §7.

2008 Union Leader (Manchester, New Hampsh.) (Nexis) 3 Apr. a1 The Legislature has the power to remove a judge by passing a bill of address or impeaching him, but Reams said that hasn't happened in recent memory.

3. The action of directing or dispatching. Now only in address commission n. at Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] > sailor's pay > types of

address1562

full pay1579

river pay1708

flag-pay1719

port pay1758

allotment1766

portage1809

1562 T. Sternhold et al. Whole Bk. Psalmes cxiiii. 290 When Israell by Gods addres, from Pharos land was bent.

4. An introductory inscription dedicating a literary work to a specified person, god, etc.; a dedication. Also: †the action of assigning or dedicating a piece of writing to a person, god, etc. (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > [noun] > by written communication

address1579

society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > matter preceding text > dedication > act of dedication

address1579

addressment1630

1579 G. Fenton in tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin Ep. Ded. sig. *iii All law of reason, of equitie, and of other impression what so euer, do chalenge to appropriate the addresse and iustification of this worke to your Maiestie only.

1644 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce (ed. 2) To Parl. sig. A4^v The addresse of these lines chiefly to the Parlament of England might have seem'd ingratefull.

1664 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders (new ed.) i. sig. c5 The Addresse of this Little Treatise to your Lordship.

1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy Pref. sig. A2^v [I] can have no other Design in this Address, than to declare that I am, [My Lord,] your lordship's most Obliged.

a1743 J. Relph Misc. of Poems (1747) 55 Your poëm thus drawn to a stop, Clap on a kind address at top: At bottom protestation fervent; Then close and send it to your servant.

1778 R. Potter Notes Tragedies Æschylus 563 This ode..begins with a sublime and manly address to Jupiter.

1923 D. A. Mackenzie Myths China & Japan xiii. 240 ‘Thou hast departed to the West, from whence there is no returning in the barge of mercy’, runs an address to the corpse.

1993 Independent on Sunday 3 Oct. (Review Suppl.) 42/1 ‘From A to B and Back Again’ is a maternity hospital poem..and the loyal address to ‘my brave love’ falls awkwardly among its scalpelwork.

5. A manner or style of speaking or writing; the manner a person employs in conversation or writing; language.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > [noun]

speechc1000

saying1340

accenta1398

tonguec1460

diction1563

address1581

elocution1604

tone1687

the world > action or operation > behaviour > [noun] > in social intercourse > in conversation

address1581

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. i. f. 18^v Al these solitarinesses of place taken & vsed in due season, haue great force to stir vp the spirits, & to prepare them a more easie and sure addresse to the works and actions belonging to conuersation.

1659 J. Evelyn Char. Eng. 44 Ill Courtiers, unplyant, morose and of vulgar address.

1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 17 With a goodly income of Learning, and a right handsome address of words, and well air'd periods.

1697 J. Addison Ess. Georgics in J. Dryden tr. Virgil Wks. sig. ¶3^v The Precepts of Husbandry are not to be deliver'd with the Simplicity of a Plow-Man, but with the Address of a Poet.

1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 17 Dec. (1965) I. 289 A Princesse of great Addresse and good breeding.

1736 D. Neal Hist. Puritans III. 542 He [sc. Charles I] was unaffable and difficult of address.

1755 S. Johnson in J. Boswell Life Johnson (1816) I. 240 I was overpowered..by the enchantment of your address.

1807 G. Crabbe Birth Flattery in Poems 192 And who that modest Nymph of meek Address?

1851 T. Carlyle Life J. Sterling ii. ii. 140 His address, I perceived, was abrupt, unceremonious.

1935 H. H. Hudson in J. Hoskins Direct. Speech & Style p. xv We have, then, a text-book in rhetoric, but one written in the language of familiar address.

1971 Physics Bull. Dec. 738/1 To adopt the laconic address of film reviews they are (1) pedagogic, (2) technical, [etc.].

1998 H. Ragsdale tr. E. Zubkova Russia after War ix. 82 Officials'..crude manner of address to the people..provoked the discontent of those living around them.

a. The particulars of the place where a person lives or an organization is situated, typically consisting of a number, street name, the name of a town or district, and often a postal code; these particulars considered as a location where a person or organization can be contacted by post.Sometimes this also includes the name of the person or organization to be contacted.home, post-office address, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > sending items > [noun] > addressing letter > address

superscription1464

direction1586

superscript1598

address1622

inscription1741

home address1847

post-office address1849

1622 H. Wotton Let. in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1672) 357 If I had not been absent when Mr. B. came last, I would have said much more in private between us; which shall be supplied by Letter, if I may receive a safe form of address from you.

1665 J. Evelyn Let. 4 Apr. in Diary & Corr. (1857) III. 155 I will charge you with some addresses to friends of mine there, that shall exceedingly cherish you.

1712 E. Budgell Spectator No. 277. ¶6 Having learnt the Milliner's Addresse, I went directly to her house.

1752 G. G. Beekman Let. 14 Feb. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 139 If you should send any..goods to my Address I shall always to the best I can for your Interist..as follows, [etc.].

1797 A. M. Bennett Beggar Girl V. viii. 228 He wanted to leave his address, and she flounced away and would not take it.

1848 Vest. Creation (ed. 3) 312 The number of letters put in without addresses is year by year the same.

1863 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis lxxi. 606 His address was to his brother's house in Suffolk.

1905 Vegetarian Messenger Apr. 105 I will send any readers who wish for it an address where nut-foods can be had guaranteed free of pea-nuts.

1955 ‘A. Gilbert’ Is she Dead Too? xiii. 227 Seems to have pulled up his stumps now he's married again. Wonder if they left an address.

1971 Times 27 Nov. 16/1 Their address is 2 Chesmea Court, Avondale, Salisbury.

2006 Independent 22 May (Property section) 5/5 Nowadays..every mail order company can summon up your address from your postcode.

b. The building or other location where a person lives or an organization is situated. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > [noun]

earneOE

wickc900

bottleeOE

innOE

boldOE

wonningc1000

wanea1225

wonea1250

bidea1300

dwelling1340

habitaculec1374

habitaclec1384

habitationc1384

mansionc1385

placea1387

manantie?a1400

dungeonc1460

longhousec1460

folda1500

residencea1522

abode1549

bield1570

lodgement1598

bidinga1600

sit-house1743

location1795

wigwam1817

address1855

yard1865

res1882

nivas1914

multifamily1952

1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South I. vii. 90 Her father took her through the entrance of the hotel, and leaving her at the foot of the staircase, went to the address of the landlord of the house they had fixed upon.

1863 M. Oliphant Salem Chapel I. xii. 203 I shall go up to town, and to his address to-morrow, and see what is to be found there.

1888 A. C. Gunter Mr. Potter xix He doesn't know where his son is to be found,..otherwise he would drive to his address at once.

1906 G. R. Sims Living London (rev. ed.) II. 216/1 The fashionable house-hunter cannot go very far afield in search of his new address.

1934 G. B. Shaw Too True to be Good ii. 65 What you think is love, and interest, and all that, is not real love at all: three quarters of it is only unsatisfied curiosity. Ive lived at that address myself.

1989 Eng. Today July 58/3 Instead of being in their offices doctors work out of their offices and another chap operates his business out of his address.

2001 C. Fowler Devil in Me (2005) 150 It was an unassuming suit of offices on a third floor with an ancient trellis lift, overlooking the Charing Cross Road. You could have mistaken it for the address of a notary public.

c. Computing. A number, usually encoded as a sequence of bits, which identifies a particular location in a data storage system, computer, or computer network; a string of characters which identifies a location on the internet or other network; esp. = email address n. at email n.² Compounds 2.immediate, indirect, relative, symbolic address, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > programming language > program or code > [noun] > address

address1946

1946 C. B. Sheppard in Moore School Lect. (1985) 136 In a 2048 register machine each address must have 11 pulse positions since 2048 = 2¹¹.

1951 M. V. Wilkes et al. Prepar. Programs for Electronic Digital Computer i. i. 10 The address specified in this particular order is then increased by one.

1967 M. Klerer & G. A. Korn Digital Computer User's Handbk. i. 20 Relative addressing is done with addresses that are generated relative to some preset location whose relative address is 0.

1982 List of Lists in net.sources (Usenet newsgroup) 30 Oct. Due to past problems with messages deemed in bad taste..messages sent to this address are manually screened..before being remailed to the BBoards.

1989 PC Mag. (U.K. ed.) May 50/1 The 486 paging unit maps 32-bit linear addresses to a 32-bit physical address.

1994 .net Dec. 29/1 You have to sort out your IP addresses, assigning every host on your network a valid address from the range allocated to you by your Internet Registry.

1998 P. Gralla How Internet Works (ed. 4) xvii. 94 Some email software allows you to filter out messages from certain addresses.

2005 D. A. Patterson et al. Computer Organization & Design (ed. 3) ii. 97 The program counter (PC) contains the address of the current instruction.

2008 Irish Times (Nexis) 6 June (Finance section) 7 Websites using .com addresses have advertised Irish prostitutes for many years.

II. Preparation and related uses.

a. The state or quality of being prepared or ready to do something; adroitness, resourcefulness; ability, skill, dexterity; an instance of this. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skill or adroitness

subtletyc1300

sleightc1385

subtiltyc1405

subtilityc1415

facility1532

handsomeness1550

address?1577

neatnessa1627

adroitness1683

hability1840

deftness1853

niftiness1878

slickness1895

eptitude1967

the mind > attention and judgement > attention > notice, observation > [noun] > alertness, readiness

address?1577

presentness1598

alertness1714

awaredom1752

wide-awakeness1841

wide-awakedness1845

wide-awakefulness1851

wide-awakeativeness1859

?1577 F. T. Debate Pride & Lowlines sig. Ei They answeared, and that with quicke addresse, And this was all the ffect of their sentence.

1592 A. Munday tr. E. de Maisonneufve Gerileon of Englande: 2nd Pt. xvi. sig. S2 He is a riche and puissant Lorde, a man of great valour and addresse at armes.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. vi. 194 The quicke, proud Courser, which the rest doth passe For apt addresse.

1644 J. Evelyn Mem. I. 94 Being built exceedingly reclining, by a rare address of the architect.

1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 3. ⁋6 His Royal Highness employs all his Address in alarming the enemy.

1733 P. Shaw tr. F. Bacon Civil Char. Julius Cæsar in Philos. Wks. I. 310 His ready Address, to extricate himself both in Action and Discourse; for no Man ever resolved quicker, or spoke clearer.

1778 F. Burney Evelina II. ii. 20 The prisoner had had the address to escape.

1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. i. 14 Miss Griselda..had not address enough to follow the lead.

1855 Harper's Mag. July 224/1 When I saw the two chiefs meet, the huge Savromates brandishing a blade like an enormous claymore, his antagonist armed with the common gladius it delighted me to watch the superior address of the latter.

1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. i. vi. 180 The French commander had the address to obtain instructions to the same effect from his own court.

1955 Times 1 Oct. 9/3 A task that he carried out with great address in cooperation with his subordinates.

†b. The action of making ready or getting prepared; preparation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [noun]

yarkingc1000

forgraithinga1300

apparellingc1315

ordinancec1330

purveyancec1330

graithinga1340

purveying1340

providencea1382

making readyc1384

preparationa1393

paring1393

provisiona1398

parelc1425

apparelc1430

parelling?a1440

ablingc1450

munition1480

preparing1497

arraya1500

readyinga1500

repurveancea1500

ordaining1509

apparation1533

preparementa1538

apprest1539

preparaturea1540

preparance1543

order1545

apparance1546

prepare1548

fore-preparationa1586

ettlingc1600

apparelment1607

parationa1617

comparation1623

address1633

apparatus1638

prep1920

1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 408 I beheld a present representation of addresse unto a terrible judgement.

1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. To Sophronia sig. A5 Your Importunity ingaged me (though not to the Address, yet) to the Publication of these Papers.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 731 But now again she makes address to speak.

1788 J. Priestley Lect. Hist. 20 By proper address, they are as capable of entering into any subject of speculation as they ever will be.

†8. Clothing, equipment, etc., esp. for a particular occasion or purpose; attire, apparel, dress. Cf. address v. 10a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun]

clothesc888

hattersOE

shroudc1000

weedOE

shrouda1122

clothc1175

hatteringa1200

atourc1220

back-clout?c1225

habit?c1225

clothingc1275

cleadinga1300

dubbinga1300

shroudinga1300

attirec1300

coverturec1300

suitc1325

apparel1330

buskingc1330

farec1330

harness1340

tire1340

backs1341

geara1350

apparelmentc1374

attiringa1375

vesturec1385

heelinga1387

vestmentc1386

arraya1400

graitha1400

livery1399

tirementa1400

warnementa1400

arrayment1400

parelc1400

werlec1400

raiment?a1425

robinga1450

rayc1450

implements1454

willokc1460

habiliment1470

emparelc1475

atourement1481

indumenta1513

reparel1521

wearing gear1542

revesture1548

claesc1550

case1559

attirement1566

furniture1566

investuring1566

apparelling1567

dud1567

hilback1573

wear1576

dress1586

enfolding1586

caparison1589

plight1590

address1592

ward-ware1598

garnish1600

investments1600

ditement1603

dressing1603

waith1603

thing1605

vestry1606

garb1608

outwall1608

accoutrementa1610

wearing apparel1617

coutrement1621

vestament1632

vestiment1637

equipage1645

cask1646

aguise1647

back-timbera1656

investiture1660

rigging1664

drapery1686

vest1694

plumage1707

bussingc1712

hull1718

paraphernalia1736

togs1779

body clothing1802

slough1808

toggery1812

traps1813

garniture1827

body-clothes1828

garmenture1832

costume1838

fig1839

outfit1840

vestiture1841

outer womana1845

outward man1846

vestiary1846

rag1855

drag1870

clo'1874

parapherna1876

clobber1879

threads1926

mocker1939

schmatte1959

vine1959

kit1989

1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie v. 100 Foorth I proceed in order clad, In weldie armes and in right fair addresse.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 203 Secondly, here must be a light address; no Man that goes to sojourn in a strange Country will carry his lumber along with him.

1720 R. Welton tr. T. Alvares de Andrade Sufferings Son of God II. xvi. 430 This very same Temptation oftentimes attacks the Servants of God, in a more Masquerade Address.

†9. Something designed to fulfil a particular function; an appliance. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > equipment for any action or undertaking > a device or contrivance

compassinga1300

graithc1375

jetc1380

cautelc1440

quaint?a1450

invention1546

trick1548

frame1558

fashion1562

device1570

conveyance1596

address1598

molition1598

fabric1600

machine1648

fancy1665

art1667

fanglementa1670

convenience1671

conveniency1725

contraption1825

affair1835

rig1845

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 132 Bridges, barks and boats, and other Addresses and engines..to be framed to passe riuers.

1632 H. Hawkins tr. G. P. Maffei Fuga Sæculi 117 He had yet, so fresh, and fayre a skynne, as if he had beene alwayes trayned vp in feasts, and banquets, stoues, and baths, and other addresses of human delicacyes.

10. Golf. The action of bringing the head of the club up to the ball as a means of adjusting one's position prior to swinging. Frequently in at address. Cf. address v. 21.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > golf > [noun] > movements

swing-back1862

waggle1885

address1887

downswing1891

follow-through1891

overswing1902

soling1909

upswing1922

takeaway1957

1887 W. G. Simpson Art of Golf ii. 53 The swing of the golfer may be divided into three parts: 1st, Position; 2nd, Address; 3rd, Swing proper.

1915 Golf Illustr. Nov. 27 (caption) Note the bent right knee, denoting the standing-sitting position at address.

1991 Golf Monthly Feb. 56/1 Playing from sloping lies causes problems if you don't feel comfortable at the address position.

2001 Golf Mag. Feb. 88/2 Almost everyone has been told to adopt an open stance and open clubface at address.

Phrases

P1. to be to the address of: (of a statement, proposal, etc.) to be addressed to. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1859 Times 5 May 10/1 The hint about the ‘incorrigible men of those old parties who are seen constantly to unite with our enemies’ is to the address of the Legitimists and Orleanists.

1894 M. Oliphant Sir Robert's Fortune xliv. 408 The majority of..[women] went to their graves without ever knowing it, except in a jibe, which was to the address of all women.

1937 B. E. C. Dugdale A. J. Balfour iv. 63 It was to the address of Joseph Chamberlain that Mr. Gladstone framed his proposals to ‘consider’ the question of Irish self-government.

P2. (of) no fixed address: (having) no permanent address (cf. no fixed abode at abode n.¹ Phrases 1). Frequently euphemistic, implying homelessness.

ΚΠ

1861 Times 11 June 11/5 He had no fixed address, but, being of an inquiring mind, he was anxious to visit all the fourpenny lodging houses in London to see ‘what they were made of’.

1928 Washington Post 21 Dec. 1/6 The man,..of no fixed address, is said to have admitted a number of robberies.

1942 Punch 9 Sept. 216/1 In spite of a succession of London town-houses he had—this perhaps was worst of all—no fixed address.

1989 Guardian 11 July 4/2 An unemployed production engineer of no fixed address.

2008 Daily Star (Nexis) 20 May 11 [Her] family said she had left home some time ago and had no fixed address.

P3. form of address: a title, name, etc., used in speaking, writing, or referring to a person of a specified rank, function, or relationship; the appropriate or polite term or terms to use when addressing a person.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > naming > name or appellation > [noun] > name used to address a person

compellation1643

compellative1656

form of address1675

1675 W. Cave Antiquitates Apostolicæ 169 The stile of most excellent is attributed to him [sc. Theophilus], the usual title and form of address in those times to Princes and great men.

1681 J.M. Let. to Author 29 Dec. in Guide Juries (1699) 105 Letters which yet must want the Ceremonial Form of Address.

1751 J. Harris Hermes i. viii. 145 The Vocative..was nothing more than the Form of Address in point of names, titles, and epithets.

1828 Times 5 July 7/3 [Don Miguel] has been styled King..and ‘your Majesty’ in all addresses from individuals or corporate bodies for months... To these forms of address he made no objection.

1855 Harper's Mag. June 44/1 In the ‘Week of Love to St. Antony’, the form of address on Mondays is ‘Oh, my Saint Antony! Wonder of wonders! Credit to Omnipotence!’.

1919 Athenæum 25 July 664/1 ‘Major’, for Sergeant-major—a polite form of address by an N.C.O.

1957 R. Hoggart Uses of Literacy ii. 34 ‘Our Mam’, ‘our Dad’, ‘our Alice’ are normal forms of address.

2007 Miami Herald (Nexis) 29 Mar. You must provide their name, address, form of address (Mr., Mrs., Ms.), date of birth, [etc.].

Compounds

C1. General attributive in sense 6c, as address code, address modification, etc.

ΚΠ

1948 Math. Tables & Other Aids Computation 3 288 Most orders consist of four address codes and one operation code.

1954 Jrnl. Assoc. Computing Machinery 1 4/1 Speedcoding also provides automatic address modification.

1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing vi. 102 In computers which can read magnetic tape backwards, the corresponding address registers must be capable of counting backwards.

1980 C. S. French Computer Sci. xxv. 191 There are two common ways of returning from subroutines using either Indirect addressing or Address modification.

1989 PC Mag. (U.K. ed.) May 50/1 Using a translation lookaside buffer..that can hold 32 entries, a linear-to-physical address translation can be done in a single clock cycle.

1994 New Scientist 8 Oct. 28/1 A hacker could..set up a ‘sniffer’ program that examines the address header accompanying each message that passes through the node.

2007 P. Scherz Pract. Electronics for Inventors (ed. 2) xii. 634 A 20-bit address code used to identify 1 of 1 million memory locations can be replaced with a hexadecimal code.

C2.

address bar n. Computing a text box in a browser which displays the address of the web page currently being viewed, into which a user can enter a particular address in order to visit a different page.

ΚΠ

1995 C. Stinson Running Microsoft Windows 95 xxvi. 705 The address bar displays the Internet address of the World Wide Web page you're currently viewing.

2009 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 14 Apr. 11 When your browser displays ‘https’ rather than ‘http’ in the address bar, it is using encryption.

address book n. (a) a book containing the names and addresses of a particular group of people; spec. a book for recording the names, addresses and other personal details of a person's acquaintances, organizations of personal relevance, etc., typically arranged alphabetically; (b) a facility on a computer, mobile phone, etc., which allows a user to store details of their personal contacts.

ΚΠ

1847 Times 30 Mar. 1/4 (advt.) According to the address..in the Shareholder's Address Book.

1913 E. Ferber Roast Beef Medium vii. 174 You'll find the address under J. in my address book in my handbag.

1980 InfoWorld 18 Feb. 5/3 All a micro's capabilities will need to link to each other effortlessly and transparently. The address book should link to the phone dialer and letter writer.

1995 Family PC Dec. 100/2 The address book contains fields for home and business addresses.

2005 T. Hall Salaam Brick Lane iii. 55 Some evenings, I'd mentally tick through my address book, realising that there was no one to call or share my own troubles with.

2008 C. Newkey-Burden in J. Burchill & C. Newkey-Burden Not in my Name 130 He texts everyone in his mobile phone address book the message: ‘Hi, how are you? Up to much tonight?’

address bus n. Computing a bus (bus n.¹ 2b) used only for the transmission of address information.

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > hardware > [noun] > electronic component, circuitry > signal path

bus1946

data path1947

highway1949

address bus1956

1956 U.S. Patent 2,764,343 7 Similar connections exist between the parallel-set bus, the counting bus, the address bus, the clamping bus, etc.

1977 E. Klingman Microprocessor Syst. Design x. 263 The processor then places the address on the address bus, the four most significant address bits and the four status bits on the data bus.

2007 I. R. Sinclair & J. Dunton Pract. Electronics Handbk. (ed. 6) xi. 315 The address bus is usually driven by the address output port of the microprocessor.

address card n. a small card with a person's name and address written or printed on it.

ΚΠ

1824 Times 17 Sept. 1/2 Address cards may be had at Mr. Middleton's, 47, Lamb's, Conduit-street.

1974 P. Larkin Let. 11 July in Sel. Lett. (1992) 511 Many thanks for your letter. Here's another address card. I moved on 27th June.

2002 Grand Rapids (Mich.) Press (Nexis) 20 Feb. a1 He told investigators he was not far from the computer, looking up address cards in a filing system.

address commission n. a commission paid to the agent of a shipping charterer for arranging the loading of a ship (see address v. 15b).

ΚΠ

1862 T. C. Foster & W. F. Finlason Rep. Cases Nisi Prius & Crown Side II. 506 He admitted that, in the course of the discussions on the charter, nothing was said about ‘address commission’; but also said that when not intended to be applied to the homeward cargo it was struck out.

1880 Private Telegraph Code Hamilton, Fraser & Co., Liverpool 92 Address commission 5 per cent. divisible equally between yourself and us.

1914 Times 7 May 21/6 The campaign for the abolition of address commission in Russian ports.

2003 SinoCast (Nexis) 24 Feb. Some shipping lines reduced and even canceled the address commissions without negotiating with related trade representatives... [This] wrong behavior had caused direct losses to China freight forwarders.

address label n. a label on which an address may be written or printed, esp. one on an envelope, package, etc., indicating the sender or receiver.

ΚΠ

1828 Times 22 Jan. 4 The new sort [of bottle] is sent out with a label of very difficult construction, distinguished by a white letter on a blue ground, mixed with letter-press, so as to form a compound plate and an address label.

1870 D. Macrae Americans I. 80 He showed me also what he called the ‘Identifier’—a slip of parchment about the size of an address label.

1929 Kansas City (Missouri) Star 7 Jan. The severest blow that can be handed a publicity-minded man is to have his picture appear on the first page of a newspaper and then have the demon mailer slap the address label squarely over his phiz.

2002 Washington Post 4 Jan. (Home ed.) c9/1 ‘We like to show that we have manners,’ he said. That's why his magazine uses honorifics on address labels.

address space n. Computing the available range of locations in memory or on a network (esp. the internet) which can be given a unique and valid address.

ΚΠ

1969 U.S. Patent 3,466,613 10 When another CLI instruction would be executed, the previous contents of IM would be overwritten by the program section following, in the Main Memory address space, that other CLI instruction.

1989 Byte Aug. 196/2 The current Mac operating system is limited to a 24-bit address space.

2005 Miami Herald (Nexis) 29 Nov. c15 Internet domain names may be getting longer or more complex as websites creatively squeeze into the crowded ‘.com’ address space.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

addressv.

Brit.

/əˈdrɛs/, U.S.

/əˈdrɛs/

Forms: Middle English adresce, Middle English 1600s adress, Middle English–1500s adresse, Middle English–1600s addresse, Middle English–1600s adres, Middle English– address, 1500s–1600s addres; Scottish pre-1700 addres, pre-1700 addresse, pre-1700 adres, pre-1700 adrese, pre-1700 adress, pre-1700 1700s– address.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French adresser.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French adrescer, adresser, addresser, adrecer, adrecier, etc. (French adresser ) to direct, guide, to make straight, to set up, raise, to stand up (also reflexive), to put right (a wrong), to make amends, to set to rights, to reform (an institution), to speak to, (reflexive) to direct one's course, to go directly (all 12th cent.), to make ready, to prepare (beginning of the 13th cent. or earlier), (reflexive) to turn to (beginning of the 14th cent. or earlier) < a- a- prefix⁵ + dresser dress v. Compare Old Occitan adreisar , adresar , Catalan adreçar (14th cent.), Spanish aderezar (13th cent. as adereçar ), Portuguese adereçar (13th cent.), Italian addirizzare , addrizzare (end of the 13th cent.), and post-classical Latin addretiare , adresciare to redress, set right (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), adressare to put in place (1320 in a British source). Compare dress v., redress v.¹

I. To send in a particular direction or towards a particular location. (Senses relating to communication.)

1. transitive (chiefly in passive). To direct (a written communication) to a specific person or destination; spec. (in early use) to write and send (a writ, a petition, a letter, etc.) to a specific person or place; (in later use) to write an address (address n. 6) on (a letter, envelope, or parcel). Now also: to direct (an email) to a specific person or address.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > letter-writing > write (a letter) [verb (transitive)] > write to

addressa1325

bepistle1589

beletter1655

epistolize1702

epistle1741

to tip (one) a stave1838

society > communication > correspondence > sending items > send items [verb (transitive)] > address letter

redressa1393

superscribe1472

direct1598

dedicate1688

back1825

address1880

a1325 Act 27 Edward I in MS Rawl. B.520 f. 31 And wite hoem wel þe schirreues þat..hoe ne retornen none oþer names of Mainpernors ne of Iururs..ne of none oþere..bote of þulke Mainpernours..Iururs..oþer oþere..after þat te tenour of oure writes þer of þe schirreue adressez.

c1437 Chancery Proc. Ser. C1 File 9 No. 269 (MED) To graunte seueral writtes adressed to the seid John Tanner..to appiere before you.

1453 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1837) VI. 162 (MED) Notwithstanding oure lettres late addressed unto you, bering date at Westm. the xxvij day of Juyll..ye ne have in any wyse obeyed.

a1500 in Memorials St. Edmund's Abbey (1896) 3 270 (MED) Oure oþer lettres and credences undre oure prive seel, herebefore to you adressed, delivered.

1546 in Acts Privy Council (1890) I. 495 Letters were addressed to the Lord Deputie of Boloyne for the placing of Mr. Arnold at the Master of thorses Campe according to the Kinges Majestes former determynacion.

1583 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (ed. 4) II. 1786/2 The Popes letters, which the Legat did of late sende vnto him, addressed to him from Rome.

1663 B. Furly Worlds Honour Detected 10 His Judgment then I find recorded in a Letter of his, written and addressed to his dear Friends, the Saints or Church of God at Corinth.

1684 tr. Eve Revived 60 He found the means of Writing to each of 'em in particular, insomuch that the Letters he Addressed to 'em, fell into their Hands.

1753 Trial J. Stewart 24 Principal holograph letter, by Allan Stewart..addressed to Duncan Stewart of Glenbucky.

1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. V. 5 That the chancery of Worms..should open the writings addressed to the summonary office of the Circle.

1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. i. ii. 37 Previous to his embarkation, Charles addressed a letter to his son.

1880 P.O. Guide 16 Letters for well-known firms and persons in London are sometimes addressed ‘London’ only; but this practice often causes delay.

1919 J. Thurber Let. 18 Mar. (2002) 30 I am addressing this letter to you because I want to send you the enclosed check for 10 beans.

1940 R. S. Lambert Ariel & all his Quality ix. 244 A letter was delivered..addressed ‘H. Brown, Esq., Broadcasting House’.

1963 B.S.I. News May 7/2 BSI's telegraphic addresses have been changed. Overseas cables should now be addressed to ‘Standards London W 1’.

2007 Ecologist July–Aug. 6/3 The question remains, how did emails addressed to the above recipients and not CC-ed to the Agency end up in their files?

2. transitive. To direct to the attention of, communicate to; to frame for a particular audience; (also, more narrowly) to dedicate to.In quot. a1774 intransitive: to write something for a particular audience.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > [verb (transitive)]

showc1175

conveyc1386

directa1400

address1490

communicate1529

participate1531

import1565

discourse1591

tradit1657

to set out1695

trajecta1711

society > communication > [verb (transitive)] > send as a written message to someone

address1725

1490 Arte & Crafte to knowe well to Dye (Caxton) sig. Bj^v The oraysons and prayers, whiche [thei] adressen vnto our lorde.

1650 T. Hobbes De Corpore Politico 190 Now in those Laws which are simply Laws, the Commandement is addressed to every man.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxiii. 126 For the Advice is addressed to the Soveraign only.

1725 D. Cotes tr. L. E. Du Pin New Eccl. Hist. 17th Cent. I. v. 69 The Encyclick, Circular, or Catholick Letters, were address'd to all Churches, or to all the Faithful.

1772 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra II. lxviii. 310 This letter..is addressed, not so much to you, as to the public.

a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iv. 503 If either he had addressed to the studious, or I been to write for the better sort.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xvii. 67 In a poetical request, addressed to one of the last..of the Roman Princes who reigned in Gaul.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §15 The large copper plate print addressed to Prince George of Denmark.

1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. ii. 112 The fine arts are addressed more to the imagination; the sciences to the intellect.

1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 45 I deny that I make verses or address compositions to him.

1903 W. W. Fowler in Harvard Stud. Class. Philol. 14 22 If Virgil had not addressed the poem to Pollio..no one would have dreamt that its subject was the birth of the consul's son.

1992 Times 12 Sept. (Sat. Review) 33/4 The book is addressed not to scholars and theologians but to the general practitioners of Christianity, both ordained and lay.

a. transitive. To direct (spoken words) to (also unto).In quot. 1655 figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > speak to or address [verb (transitive)] > address words to a person

dressa1325

puta1350

shapec1400

directc1450

address1518

apply1565

1518 H. Watson tr. Hystorye Olyuer of Castylle xlviii. sig. L. iii An auncyent knyght, ye whiche adressyd his wordes vnto the kynges of Irlande.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. i. 32 Vnto your Grace do I in chiefe addresse The substance of my speech.

1655 R. Baker et al. tr. J. L. G. de Balzac Lett. 134 They have addressed incense to Apes and Crocadiles.

1717 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad III. xi. 178 These Words..The Youths address'd to unrelenting Ears.

1791 N. Tucker tr. E. Swedenborg Apocalypse Revealed II. xiv. §655 To whom the draconic spirit addressed the same words.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 623 Her husband received her very coldly, and addressed almost all his discourse to Clarendon.

1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table xi. 323 I never addressed one word of love to the schoolmistress.

1952 T. Armstrong Adam Brunskill iv. 123 Richard Blenkiron, as master of ceremonies, addressed a few serious and extremely audible words to the central figure.

1990 A. Wilkinson Uncommitted Crime in Riverkeeper (1991) 139 The Indians would greet the first salmon to arrive as if it were a chief paying a visit and address speeches to it.

†b. intransitive. To direct spoken words to (also toward) a person or audience. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > address someone [verb (intransitive)]

to call on ——a1400

to call upon ——c1405

address1608

speech1826

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear i. 180 My L. of Burgundie, we first addres towards you.

1661 G. Havers tr. M. de Scudéry Clelia V. ii. 146 I address to you, to advertise you that Sextus will carry you away by violence, if you do not take care to prevent it.

c. transitive (reflexive). To direct one's words to.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > address [verb (reflexive)]

address1665

1665 J. Spencer Disc. Vulgar Prophecies iii. 53 in Disc. Prodigies (ed. 2) God addrest him to men in more natural and familiar ways.

1743 H. Fielding Journey from this World i. ix. 70 A Croud of Spirits now joined us... I now saw Achilles and Ulysses addressing themselves to Homer, and Æneas and Julius Cæsar to Virgil.

1775 F. Burney Jrnl. 3 Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 101 Mr. Bruce was quite the Thing; he addressed himself with great gallantry to us all alternately.

1817 Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 568 He addressed himself principally to his friends on his right and left, and in so inaudible a voice that his remarks did not reach the gallery.

1896 A. Cahan Yekl vi. 120 ‘One might as well talk to the wall as to her!’ she proceeded, actually addressing herself to the opposite wall of her kitchen, and referring to her interlocutrice in the third person.

1926 D. L. Sayers Clouds of Witness xi. 205 To the grumpy ostler who took the horse Peter, with his most companionable manner, addressed himself.

1973 G. Rose Clear Road to Archangel 35 The old josser..addressed himself to me. In German.

2002 I. Knight Don't you want Me? xi. 156 ‘Excellent wine list,’ says Rupert, butchly addressing himself to Frank, who looks up grumpily.

d. transitive. To direct spoken words to (a person); to speak directly to.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > speak to or address [verb (transitive)]

speakc950

beclepec1220

enreason1297

saluec1300

calla1325

clepe1362

to speak on ——?1370

salutec1380

to call upon ——c1405

escry1483

assaya1522

treatc1540

accost1567

encounter1578

bespeaka1593

affront1598

parley1611

address1683

chin-chin1817

chat1898

1683 T. D'Urfey New Coll. Songs 53 Sly Tony made hast to address him, And swore none so Loyal as he.

1716 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad II. v. 518 And, calling Venus, thus addrest his Child.

1760 C. Johnstone Chrysal I. i. iii. 13 He addressed me in these words; words which dear experience has now printed deeply on my heart.

1834 T. De Quincey Cæsars in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 962/1 The custom was..that the candidate should address every voter by his name.

1870 Daily News 1 Oct. 6/2 Yonder sergeant of Zouaves..comes promptly to attention when an officer addresses him.

1887 A. Nicols Wild Life & Adventure 135 The overseer entered into conversation with a white-haired old man, addressing him in the native language.

1925 J. Street in B. C. Williams O. Henry Prize Stories (1926) 6 The lady..turned and addressed him, saying: ‘If you wish to smoke, it will not in the least trouble me.’

2003 Independent 17 Dec. i. 1/5 Addressing him directly, she said: ‘I am so delighted that His Royal Highness came from Saudia Arabia.’

†a. transitive (reflexive). To apply in speech to a person; (also with little or no implication of speech) to appeal to a person, esp. for something. Cf. address n. 2b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > [verb (reflexive)] > appeal

reportc1425

address1567

apply1591

ply1668

1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. f. 215^v He addressed him to one of his neighbors..whom he so coniured with the charme of his pleasant tounge..that shee promised to become the solicitor of his cause.

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. iii. f.42^v Afterwardes he addressed hymselfe to the other, and went about by many pleasant deuises to make him vnderstand.

1654 R. Codrington tr. Justinus Hist. iv. 77 In a most slovenly and deformed posture, to move compassion, did address themselves to the Assembly.

1705 R. Blackmore Eliza ii. 51 Those who their Nuptial Honour have betray'd, Address themselves to her, to give them Aid.

1792 T. Holcroft Anna St. Ives VII. 232 It is at present the sole study of Mr. Henley, which way best to address himself to a heart and understanding so capable of generous sensations, and noble energies.

1824 J. H. Payne Two Sons-in-law i My son, aid him—There was a time when I might myself have fulfilled so enviable a duty; but now, I am compelled to address myself to you.

1849 F. H. Doyle tr. Sophocles Oedipus, King of Thebes 27 All who Ask aught of thee, address themselves to me, Since through my favour comes success in all.

b. transitive. To deliver a formal address to (an audience, a meeting, etc.); (also) to appeal to or seek to persuade by means of a speech or oration.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speech-making > deliver (a speech) [verb (transitive)] > address with a speech

address1724

speech1818

speechify1862

1724 M. Concanen Misc. Poems 26 At length Old Hobbinol the Crowd address'd, And Words like these, with sounding Voice express'd.

1783 H. Cowley Which is the Man? v. ii Coming down from the Top [of the room], addressing the Company.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. II. 280 It was now the presiding Judge's turn to address the jury. He did so briefly and distinctly.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. vi. 208 He now addressed the House of Peers for the first time.

1870 Crown Hist. Eng. 818 Mr. Hunt began to address the assembly amidst a profound silence.

1906 N.Y. Evening Post 8 Sept. (Sat. Suppl.) 1 When he was called upon to address the conference he got a rip~roaring welcome.

1966 Guardian 11 Aug. 8/2 Pictures not only of the member addressing the House..but of other members reacting to his speech.

2006 New Yorker 17 Apr. 64/3 The evangelical megachurch pastor Rick Warren also addressed the gathering in Pittsburgh.

†a. intransitive. With to. To court a person; esp. to pay court to a woman with a view to marriage, to woo. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > courtship or wooing > court or engage in courtship [verb (intransitive)]

to make love1567

address1677

to keep company (with)1725

suitor1777

spark1807

pitch1903

to pitch (the) woo1935

1677 W. Smith Two Serm. preached at Norwich 34 God then restored him..when the Usurpers were grown so considerable, as to be courted and addressed to, by several neighbouring Princes.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 118. ⁋2 The Lady is addressed to, presented and flattered, only by Proxy, in her Woman.

1713 R. Steele in Guardian 2 May 1/1 A Man of greater Fortune than she could expect would Address to her upon honourable Terms.

1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xxxix Miss Clements is addressed to by a Yorkshire gentleman.

b. transitive. To make romantic advances to (a woman); to court, to woo. Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > courtship or wooing > court or woo [verb (transitive)]

wooc1290

court1580

suitc1586

accourt1590

suitor1672

address1700

gallantize1728

philander1787

to stick up1830

spark1888

romance1931

lumber1938

1700 J. Hopkins Amasia III. ii. 105 (title of poem) To a Gentleman, whose Life was indanger'd by his Endeavouring to address a Lady in a Sphere above him.

1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals iii. v. 57 To prevent the confusion that might arise..from our both addressing the same lady..I shall expect the honour of your company..to settle our pretensions..in King's Mead Fields.

1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park III. i. 19 You may live eighteen years longer..without being addressed by a man of half Mr. Crawford's estate.

1835 Fraser's Mag. 12 68/1 It appears that when little more than a girl, she had been addressed by a young gentleman abroad.

1927 G. S. Doyle Old Time Songs & Poetry Newfoundland 68 If you address my daughter, I'll send her far away, And she never will return again, While you're in Logy Bay.

2006 N. K. Abrams Spy's Reward 107 If, after we have returned to London,..you should wish to address my daughter, I would not object.

6. Politics.

a. intransitive. To present a formal argument or declaration for or against a person, cause, etc.; to petition. Cf. address n. 2c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > petition or appeal for

suea1393

wooc1440

address1679

1679 W. Douglas Matter Admin. Affairs in Scotl. 3 He hath upon all occasions spoken of the House of Commons with the greatest contempt and..said, if they would Address against him, he would fart against them.

1704 Addr. 31 Mar. in Compl. Coll. State Trials (1816) XIV. 966 Thus far these instances may be of use, to shew by what steps the Commons rose to this way of addressing against the House of Lords.

1757 D. Hume Hist. Great Brit. II. 235 The Commons..addressed against the King's guards, which they represented as dangerous to liberty, and even as illegal, since they never had yet received the sanction of Parliament.

1802 Parl. Reg. III. 239 When uses are found out, such as were neither voted nor addressed for, it is a misapplication of the public money.

a1868 Ld. Brougham Life & Times (1872) III. xxi. 81 Another difficulty was the probability of the Commons addressing against dissolution, in which the Lords would certainly have joined.

2006 C. A. Whatley Scots & Union ix. 351 Presbyterians..would not concur in anything that made the king ‘uneasy’, including addressing against the union.

b. transitive. To present a formal declaration or argument to (a monarch, minister, or legislative body); to petition. Cf. address n. 2c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > petition

procurea1387

motion1476

solicit1530

supplication1593

supplicate1601

petition1607

petitionate1624

move1633

address1698

bill1722

1698 D. Jones Compl. Hist. Europe 1676–97 219 The Commons debated it, and addrest the King to turn out the Popish Officers.

1701 D. Defoe Memorial Addressing the King to displace his Friends upon bare Surmises, before a Legal Tryal or Article prov'd, is Illegal.

1714 J. Collier Eccl. Hist. Great Brit. II. vii. 622/2 The Archbishop..address'd the Queen for a Pardon.

1723 T. Salmon Chronol. Historian 267/2 The Commons addressed her Majesty to bestow a Bounty on the Soldiers and Seamen for their Bravery.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. viii. 114 The house of commons addressed the king, to send an embassador forthwith.

1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. II. xi. 244 The commons..instantly addressed the king to disband his army.

1862 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 3) xv. 238 An obsequious assembly, which addressed him to take the title of King.

1904 O. Airy Charles II (new ed.) iv. 314 Both Houses addressed the King to recall the troops serving in the French army.

2004 J. K. Clark Whig's Progr. vi. 68 The Commons addressed the king to intervene on the side of William and his confederates.

c. transitive. U.S. With out (of office). To force out of office (a judge) by means of a petition to the executive. Cf. address n. 2e. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1822 Missouri Intelligencer 2 July 3/2 If any of the judges have corruptly discharged their duties, impeach them. If they are incompetent, address them out.

1874 L. Collins & R. H. Collins Hist. Sketches Kentucky (rev. ed.) I. 27 David Ballengall, an assistant judge..[was] ‘addressed’ out of office, because a Scotchman unnaturalized.

1887 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 3 Apr. 4/2 The Senate's action today in refusing to pass the house concurrent resolution addressing Judge Willis out of office.

1912 E. P. Johnson Hist. Kentucky & Kentuckians I. 240 The legislature had attempted to ‘address’ Judge Clark out of office and had failed.

7. transitive. To speak or write to (a person) as (a specified name or title); to call by (a particular name).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > naming > give a name to [verb (transitive)] > address by name

beclepec1220

compellatea1638

address1796

1796 M. G. Lewis Monk II. v. 170 If the sanction of your relations authorises your addressing her as your wife, my doors fly open to you.

1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. 118 The slaves address him as Sieur (lord).

1852 R. Cecil Diary 31 Mar. (1935) 36 When the diggers address a policeman in uniform they always call him ‘Sir’, but they always address a fellow in a blue shirt with a carbine as ‘Mate’.

1888 E. A. T. W. Budge in Proc. Soc. Biblical Archæol. 10 554 On the Tell el-Amarna tablets Amenophis III is addressed by his prenomen.

1910 A. Bennett Clayhanger ii. i. 153 The young man's name was Stifford, and he was addressed as ‘Stiff’.

1954 T. S. Eliot Confidential Clerk iii. 120 In order to avoid any danger of confusion You may address me as Aunt Elizabeth.

1976 Debrett's Correct Form (rev. ed.) vi. 353 A Senator's wife is addressed as Mrs. Doolittle.

2001 J. Chance Lord of Rings: Mythol. of Power 120 Gollum addresses himself as Smeagol, the name of his better..side.

8. transitive (chiefly in passive). Computing. To specify a location in (memory) or the location of (data) by means of an address (address n. 6c), with a view to transferring data; to access (a file, database, etc.) in this way. Cf. access v.² 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > programming language > program or code > [verb (transitive)] > specify location

address1953

society > computing and information technology > data > database > use data [verb (transitive)] > store > locate in memory

address1953

map1971

1953 Proc. IRE 41 1415/1 Core #7 in all ten decade switches is excited if the 7th line in every digit subplane is to be addressed.

1976 New Scientist 15 Jan. 120 The size of control task is limited only by the amount of memory which can be addressed.

1982 Sci. Amer. Feb. 59/2 The chips are random-access memories, or RAM's, meaning that each memory cell of the chip can be addressed independently.

2007 K. R. Irvine Assembly Lang. Intel-based Computers (ed. 5) ii. 37 It..used a segmented memory model permitting programs to address up to 1MB of RAM.

II. To set in order; to make ready or make right.

†9. transitive. To right what is wrong; to redress (wrongs), reform (abuses). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > put right (a wrong or loss)

winc1220

righta1275

astorec1300

addressa1325

reform1405

dressc1410

redressa1413

arightc1420

refound1497

richa1500

redub1531

repair1533

to make good1569

reducec1592

remend1592

to set up1610

to get up1688

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xli. 107 Þre kniȝttes þat bez assignede þoruout alle schiren for to adresse þe þinges þat bez idon aȝen þe Grete Chartrene.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. lxxx. [lxxvi.] 238 I say not this to you, bycause ye sholde addresse my wrongs..by hym ye maye be addressed of all your complayntes.

?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses v. 72 Vlysses shall with his returne addresse His wooers wrongs.

1822 Alfred the Great i. v. 22 To see their wrongs address'd, to scourge the Danes, To raise again the smiling form of peace.

†10.

a. transitive. To clothe or attire (a person), esp. for a special purpose or occasion; (also) to clothe (a person) in a particular garment or type of apparel, to array. Cf. dress v. 23a(a). Obsolete.In quot. 1629 with garment as subject.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)]

wrya901

clothec950

shride971

aturnc1220

begoa1225

array1297

graith1297

agraithc1300

geara1325

cleadc1325

adightc1330

apparel1362

back1362

shape1362

attirea1375

parela1375

tirea1375

rayc1390

addressa1393

coverc1394

aguisea1400

scredea1400

shrouda1400

bedightc1400

buskc1400

harnessc1400

hatterc1400

revesta1449

able1449

dressa1450

reparel?c1450

adub?1473

endue?a1475

afaite1484

revestera1500

beclothe1509

trimc1516

riga1535

invest1540

vesture1555

suit1577

clad1579

investure1582

vest1582

deck1587

habit1594

to make ready1596

caparison1597

skin1601

shadow1608

garment1614

riga1625

raiment1656

garb1673

equip1695

to fit out1722

encase1725

tog1793

trick1821

to fig out1825

enclothe1832

toilet1842

to get up1858

habilitate1885

tailor1885

kit1919

the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > equip or outfit

frameOE

dightc1275

fayc1275

graith1297

attire1330

purveyc1330

shapec1330

apparel1366

harnessc1380

ordaina1387

addressa1393

array1393

pare1393

feata1400

point1449

reparel?c1450

provide1465

fortify1470

emparel1480

appoint1490

deck?15..

equip1523

trim1523

accoutre1533

furnish1548

accommodate1552

fraught1571

suit1572

to furnish up1573

to furnish out1577

rig1579

to set out1585

equipage1590

outreik1591

befit1598

to furnish forth1600

fita1616

to fit up1670

outrig1681

to fit out1722

mount?1775

outfit1798

habilitate1824

arm1860

to fake out1871

heel1873

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > with specific garments > other

wimple?c1225

pricka1275

clothe1382

addressa1393

haspc1400

to-cloutc1430

shirtc1450

gownc1485

tuft1535

passement1539

kerchief1600

muff1607

inshirt1611

insmock1611

mode1656

costume1802

slop1803

shawl1812

cravat1818

sur-invest1827

frock1828

pinafore1843

smock1847

panoply1851

underclothe1857

upholster1873

fancy dress1878

sleeve1887

to suit up1912

crinoline1915

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 1722 (MED) As he hire couthe best adresce—In ragges, as sche was, totore—He set hire on his hors tofore.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vi. 118 Þar renge, þar scepter and þar crownys..ar dewotly blest, Or thai in to thaim be addrest.

1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados iv. iv. 40 [He] vmquhyle thaym, gan balmyng and anoynt And into gold, addres at ful gud poynt.

1567 J. Jewel Def. Apol. Churche Eng. 349 Tecla sometime addressed her selfe in Mans apparell.

1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres v. xxxi. sig. Bb2 When fayre Europa sate With many goodly Diadems addrest.

1626 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VIII. O.T. xxi. 450 That soule which should be addressed a fit Bride for thine holy and glorious Maiestie.

1629 F. Quarles Argalus & Parthenia ii. 77 A Pilgrims weed her liuelesse limmes addrest From hand to foot.

b. transitive. To put on (a garment); to don. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > put on

to do oneOE

graitha1375

puta1382

to take on1389

to let falla1400

takea1400

to put on?a1425

endow1484

addressa1522

to get on1549

to draw on1565

don1567

to pull on1578

dight1590

sumpterc1595

to get into ——1600

on with1600

array1611

mount1785

to cast on1801

endoss1805

endue1814

ship1829

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xi. x. 2 Turnus hym self, als fers as ony gleid, Ful bissely addressyt on his weid.

1835 R. Browning Paracelsus iii. 106 I have address'd a frock of heavy mail.

c. transitive. To arrange or style (hair). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify (the hair) [verb (transitive)]

dressa1400

cherish1519

addressa1522

barbera1616

do1750

coif1835

coiffure1906

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) x. xiii. 178 Hys ȝallow lokis brycht, That ayr war kemmyt and addressyt rycht.

1598 B. Yong tr. J. de Montemayor Diana 157 Kembe and adresse (louely Shepherdesse) thy silke soft haire.

†11. transitive. To set to rights; to order, arrange; spec. to cause to line up (a body of troops). Cf. dress v. 7a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrange [verb (transitive)]

stightc825

fadec1020

orderc1225

adightc1275

dightc1275

castc1320

raila1350

form1362

stightlea1375

rayc1380

informa1382

disposea1387

throwc1390

addressa1393

shifta1400

rengea1425

to set forth?c1450

rule1488

rummage1544

marshalc1547

place1548

suit1552

dispone1558

plat1587

enrange1590

draw1663

range1711

arrange1791

to lay out1848

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > draw up (troops) > in battle array

setc1275

host1297

ordainc1300

devisec1325

battle1330

arraya1375

stuffc1390

addressa1393

embattle1393

fit?a1400

stedilla1400

fewterc1440

to pitch (also set) a fielda1500

order1509

pitcha1513

deraign1528

marshal1543

re-embattle1590

size1802

form1816

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 4882 (MED) Hou hir yelwe her was tresced And hire atir so wel adresced.

a1460 tr. Dicts & Sayings Philosophers (Helm.) (1999) 113 (MED) Adresse youreself and correcte youreself, and thann do your peyne to amende and correcte othir.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiv. 263 His men addressit [1489 Adv. dressyt] he thame agane.

1598 R. Barnfield Remembrance Eng. Poets in Encomion Lady Pecunia sig. E2^v The rest; Whose stately Numbers are so well addrest.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 445 Put to their shifts, and forced for to addresse themselues, and range a nauall battell in order.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 123 The spitefull Scorpion next the Skale adrest, With two bright Lampes couers his loathsome brest.

†12.

a. transitive. To order or arrange for a particular purpose; to prepare, make ready. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)]

yarec888

yarkc1000

graithc1175

readya1225

biredienc1275

to make yarec1290

forgraitha1300

adightc1330

buskc1330

purveyc1330

agraith1340

disposec1375

before-graithea1382

to forge and filec1381

to make readya1382

devisec1385

bounc1390

buss?a1400

address?a1425

parel?a1425

to get upc1425

providec1425

prepare1449

bakec1450

aready1470

arm?a1505

prevenea1522

get?1530

to get ready1530

to set in readiness1575

apply1577

compose1612

predy1627

make1637

to dispose of1655

do1660

fallowa1764

to line up1934

prep1936

tee1938

?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford Chron. (1940) l. 20786 (MED) Þar cites neve þai adreste, Castells and haldes þai made neve, Adrest qwar þai defautes kneve.

1485 W. Caxton tr. Paris & Vienne (1957) 34 Eche departed fro other for tadresse suche thynges as to them shold be necessarye.

a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 103 (MED) Þat he be entendant to enquere tidynges of all þinges þat mowe comforte subgitz, & to adresse þaire werkys, & do hem solas in aduersyte.

1560 Queen Elizabeth I in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) II. 265 We will that you shall from time to time address several Schedules containing the names of all such hable Scholers.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 84 The Ele being killed & addressed in wine whosoeuer chaunceth to drinke of that wine so vsed, shall euer after lothe wine.

1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades v. 730 And Hebe, she proceeds T' address her chariot.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 5 Our nauie is addrest, our power collected.

1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 394 They were accordingly addressed for their execution upon the third part of the inhabitants.

1762 T. Godfrey Court of Fancy in Specimens Amer. Poetry (1829) I. 99 See flowery orators with out-stretched hand Addressed to speak, in glowing marble stand!

b. transitive (reflexive). To make ready; esp. to prepare oneself to do something or for a particular purpose. Cf. sense 17. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (reflexive)]

yarec888

yarkc1000

graithc1230

dightc1275

to make yarec1290

arrayc1320

tirec1330

agraith1340

buska1350

readya1350

dressc1350

shapec1374

disposec1375

ordainc1380

rayc1380

makec1390

bouna1400

updressa1400

fettlec1400

address1447

ettlec1450

aready1470

to make oneself forth1488

busklea1555

poise1639

arrange1865

1447 in J. Robertson Illustr. Topogr. & Antiq. Aberdeen & Banff. (1862) IV. 197 We adres vs..to visy the said partis.

1568 Scott i. 179 Ȝung gentilmen for dansing thame addres.

1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 117 He..did addresse himself for the stroke of death.

1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 201 He addressed himself to go over the River.

1761 H. Brooke Earl of Essex v. 76 The earl, as he address'd him to the block, Requested but the time to write these lines.

1762 G. Cockings War iii. 18 With collected ire, Saw him again, address himself to fight; Hew; and tread down; and put the foe to flight.

1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II ii. lxviii. 95 When he did address Himself to quit at length this mountain land.

1825 E. Irving Jrnl. 29 Nov. in M. Oliphant Life E. Irving (1862) I. xi. 368 I returned home about seven, and addressed myself to write my action sermon.

1855 W. H. Foote Sketches of Virginia 554 When he saw it was his Lord's will that he should now depart, he bowed in submission and addressed himself for the last act of life.

c. intransitive. To prepare oneself. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare or get ready [verb (intransitive)]

buskc1330

agraith1340

to make readya1382

arraya1387

providec1425

prepare1517

addressa1522

apparel1523

bouna1525

buckle1563

to make frecka1572

fettle?c1600

fix1716

to set into ——1825

to show foot1825

ready1878

to fang a pump, (loosely) a well1883

prep1900

to get (oneself) organized1926

to sharpen one's pencil1957

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. iv. 2 Sibillais commandment Ene addressis perform incontinent.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida (1623) iv. v. 146 Let vs addresse to tend on Hectors heeles.

1678 E. Howard Man of Newmarket sig. A. 2 (stage-direct.) Enter Prologue at one Door; and just as he addresses to speak, enter Shatteril and Haines at t'other.

III. To send or guide (a person, etc.) in a particular direction; to dispatch or refer to.

†13. transitive. To give direction to (a person, a person's course), esp. in a helpful or corrective manner; to guide, redirect. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > [verb (transitive)] > guide

wieldeOE

steera1000

wisc1000

wiseOE

turnc1175

kenc1200

conduec1330

dressc1330

govern1340

addressc1350

guidea1400

conducec1475

conduct1481

rectifya1500

besteer1603

helm1607

engineer1831

beacon1835

c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) v. 9 (MED) Lade me, Lord, in þy ryȝtfulnes..adresce [L. dirige] my way in þy siȝt.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 417/2 I am nowe out of the waye, who shall nowe adresse me?

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxv. 96 Entering into the little wood, he heard the sound of a bell, which addressed him to another Hermitage, far richer then that wherein we were the day before.

14.

†a. transitive (reflexive). To direct one's course, make one's way; to betake oneself. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (reflexive)]

turnc1175

stretcha1225

bowc1275

steer1399

straighta1400

ready?a1425

purposec1425

address1436

applya1450

shape1480

make1488

aima1500

bound1821

1436–7 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) V. 418 (MED) Ye woll adresse you & goo personelly to everyche of the townes.

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 39 He addressid him on that parte where he sawe the banyer royall.

a1525 ( J. C. Nichols Chron. Rebellion Lincs. 9 in Camden Misc. (1847) I (MED) The king..drew hym to felde and addressed hym towardes Stanford.

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 124 Into Italie, whether warde he bothe addressed him selfe with all speede.

1607 in C. Innes Registrum Honoris de Morton (1853) I. 192 We..desyre you..with all convenient speid to address your self hither.

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre ii. iii. 46 Such Pilgrimes as were disposed to return, addressed themselves for their countrey.

b. transitive. Chiefly poetic. To direct or turn (one's steps, etc.) to (also toward) a destination. rare and archaic in later use.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)]

stretcha1225

turnc1275

ready?a1400

seta1400

incline?c1400

apply?a1425

raika1500

rechec1540

make1548

address1554

frame1576

bend1579

to shape one's course1593

intend1596

tend1611

direct1632

steer1815

1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 2358 in Wks. (1931) I Sum to Iuno..Thair pilgramage thay wald addres.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. iv. 15 Therefore good youth, addresse thy gate vnto her.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 496 So spake the Enemie of Mankind..and toward Eve Address'd his way.

1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey III. xiii. 19 Then all their steps addrest To sep'rate mansions.

1776 J. Beattie Poems Several Occasions 72 What now remains? To what recess Shall we our weary steps address.

1902 J. Payne Poet. Wks. I. 48 Then with slow feet they did address Their further steps..Toward the temple of the Grail.

†15.

a. transitive. To direct or refer (a person) to another; (also) to introduce. Also reflexive: to present or introduce oneself to. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > use courteous action or expression [verb (reflexive)] > introduce oneself

acquaintc1325

address1477

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 14 I pray yow if ye knowe ony in this contre that hit may plese yow to adresse me to them.

?1566–7 G. Buchanan Opinion Reformation Univ. St. Andros in Vernacular Writings (1892) 8 The scholaris that cumis of new sal addresse thayme to the principal.

1651 Royall Story sig. **5 [He] expresseth a great desire..to offer Her Majesty his service, which they very readily encourage him in, and addresse him to some of Her Majesties servants.

1660 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 355 I addressed him to Lord Mordaunt.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 167 He was addressed first to the Earl of Clarendon.

1850 tr. L. A. Cahagnet Celestial Telegraph (2003) 73 In heaven he is in societies that follow such pursuits, and for that reason I addressed him to you.

1883 F. Nightingale Let. 30 July in Coll. Wks. (2004) VI. 569 Hearing of your return, I have addressed him to you. Please keep him straight about cholera.

b. transitive. To consign or entrust the care of (a ship) to an agent, factor, etc. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1796 Let. 20 Apr. in C. Robinson Rep. High Court Admiralty (1802) 3 86 I have, therefore, been obliged to leave it to captain Joy to address the ship to such house at Surinam as he should find would transact his business.

1828 D. Hughes Treat. Law Insurance (1833) i. v. 105 If the insured fraudulently procure the broker to give credit to him..by representing that the ship shall be addressed to the broker, and that he shall receive the freight, and the insured afterwards address the ship to another person, the insured will be answerable to the underwriter.

1854 Ship Captain's Guide 29 Do not agree to address the ship to Charterers' Agents at the port of discharge; it will incur brokerage.

1889 Times 30 July 3/3 The buyer to adopt the charter-party and the ship to be addressed to him.

16. transitive. To cause to travel to (also towards); to send, aim; to dispatch. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > transference > sending > send [verb (transitive)]

i-send971

sendOE

address1577

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 349/2 in Chron. I King Edward addressed his Orators into Scotland.

1599 Queen Elizabeth I Let. 27 Dec. in Gentleman's Mag. (1860) Jan. 139 Besides certeyn nombres of fotemen alredy addressed towards our frontiers we do presently determyn to sende a nombre of horsmen.

1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads 159 Paris..To him an arrow unperceiv'd addrest.

1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama x. 107 The shaft, unerringly addrest, Unerring flew, and smote Ereenia's breast.

1841 W. G. Simms Kinsmen I. xix. 241 His left arm was tightly clasped about the form of Clarence, while his right..addressed a blow at the heart of the latter.

1925 F. M. Ford No More Parades ii. i. 154 No, never again for me, father, she addressed her voice towards the ceiling.

1960 E. P. C. Cotter Tackle Croquet this Way iv. 27 I address Blue and roquet Black..to a position 2 feet below and slightly right of 1.

IV. To turn or orientate (something); to turn to face, confront.

17.

a. transitive (reflexive). To direct one's skill or energies to some task, goal, or purpose; to devote oneself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake or apply oneself [verb (reflexive)]

atil1297

putc1300

addressa1393

richc1400

steadc1475

embark1584

familiarize1593

the world > action or operation > cause to operate [verb (transitive)] > put in effective operation

yieldc1315

underbear1382

to put forthc1390

showa1398

apply?c1400

to put outc1400

exercisec1405

to put toc1410

employ?1473

enforce1490

exerce1535

adhibit?1538

addict1562

endeavour?1575

work1591

address1598

to give stream to?1611

to lay out1651

exsert1665

exert1682

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 4988 (MED) He, which al him hadde adresced To lust, tok thanne what him liste.

c1525 J. Skelton Against Scottes 89 And now to begyn I will me adres, To you rehersyng the somme of my proces.

?a1534 H. Medwall Nature sig. a.ii My selfe addresse to do hys hygh pleasurs.

1598 E. Ford Parismus vi. sig. F Parismus, and the rest of the companie, addressed themselues to that pastime.

1601 Bp. W. Barlow Serm. Paules Crosse Martij 1600 Pref. 3 The addressing my selfe to this sermon.

1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 348 The captive Jewes..shall soone addresse themselves to their returne.

1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. i. 6 To address yourself to the Work of improving your reasoning Powers.

1816 J. Wilson City of Plague i. iv. 30 We may address ourselves to revelry.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 67 These men addressed themselves to the task of subverting the treasurer's power.

1853 Knickerbocker Apr. 375 Now and then he looks up recognizingly,..yawns slowly..and again addresses himself to sleep.

1937 W. Lewis Revenge for Love v. ii. 230 Filled with new and peculiar suspicions, she addressed herself to a fresh cross-examination.

1972 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 91 248 The last chapter addresses itself to a comparison of mechanical and electrolytical polishing methods.

2002 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 24 Oct. 3/1 Speer addressed himself to the..crisis in munitions production, accusing the assembled Gauleiters of sabotaging his program.

†b. intransitive. To direct one's efforts towards a particular goal; to endeavour to do something. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake or set oneself to do [verb (intransitive)]

found12..

to take on (also upon) one(self)a1300

assay1330

study1340

to put (also lay, set, etc.) one's hand to the ploughc1384

intendc1385

pressc1390

to put oneself in pressc1390

gatherc1400

undertakec1405

sayc1425

to fall in hand with (also to do (something))c1450

setc1485

obligea1500

essay?1515

attend1523

supprise1532

to set in foot1542

enterprise1547

address1548

to set in hand1548

prove1612

to make it one's businessa1628

engage1646

embark1647

bend1694

to take hold1868

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xix. p. cliii The dyscyples departed, they founde the colte tyed, they addresse to looce hym.

1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 9 Which I shall forthwith addresse to prove.

1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey II. vi. 131 But Pallas now addrest To break the bands of all-composing rest.

c. transitive. To take on as a topic for discussion or inquiry, or as a problem to be solved; to deal with, tackle, or confront.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > occupy or engage (a person) [verb (transitive)] > conduct (an affair) > deal with (a matter)

takec1175

speedc1374

handc1440

to deal with1469

deduce1528

deal1586

wield1595

cope with1641

tractate1657

handlea1774

job1825

absorb1826

address1838

1838 Lit. Gaz. 26 May 322/2 After the splendid work of Mr. Savage Landor in the Imaginary Conversations of Shakspere, it was an especially daring attempt to address the subject.

1889 B. Quaritch Coll. Facsimiles Bk.-binding 17 After the preliminary general remarks offered above, it is time to address the subject in its particular bearings.

1918 Times 12 Dec. 9/2 One of the chief assets of this country in addressing the problem of the restoration of British shipping to its pre-war prosperity is the technical knowledge and long experience of experts.

1980 San Francisco Bay Guardian 16–23 Oct. 13/5 Polydrug treatment program addresses the needs of women who use and abuse mood-altering drugs.

2008 Scotsman (Nexis) 25 Apr. 24 By focusing principally on the issue of physical viability, doctors have in some ways failed to address the heart of the matter: the foetus's ‘human’ viability.

†18. transitive. To turn (a thing) to an object or purpose. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. xiv. sig. d. 1 The axe doeth nothynge but cutte, And he that holdeth it addressith it to what parte he wylle.

1668 T. Douglas tr. J. Porrée Vitis Degeneris 75 Some Hereticks affect to retain the use of this same Vnction, though now vacated of its pristine efficacy, addressing it to another end.

†19.

a. transitive (reflexive). To straighten oneself; to stand up or upright. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > upright or erect posture > assume upright or erect position [verb (reflexive)]

stretchc1325

to pull upa1393

sustainc1405

address1483

to draw up1751

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. lxxxvij/2 The first day that he was wasshen and bayned he addressid hym right vp in the basyn.

1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. iii. i. 116 He arose, remaining bended in the midst of the way, like unto a Turkish Bow, without being able to address himself.

b. transitive. To set up, raise. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre 300 To carry Ladders and such Engines, to addresse and reare them to the breach.

1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. C4 She..like a goodly beacon high addrest.

20.

a. transitive. To point or orientate to (also towards); to turn towards, face.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > opposite position > be opposite (something) [verb (transitive)] > place facing

address1483

to face (a person) with1583

front1617

confront1627

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. cciiij^v/1 My crosse shall shewe my hede to therth, and adresse my feet to heuen.

1843 C. Dickens Christmas Carol in Dublin Rev. Dec. 519 The curtains of his bed were drawn aside... Not the curtains at his feet, nor the curtains at his back, but those to which his face was addressed.

1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son xxxiii. 230 They were a little surprised at first to see..a round-headed lad, with his chubby face addressed towards the sky.

1979 P. Anthony Source of Magic x. 205 The centaur faced about so that his better half addressed the wall in question. Then he kicked.

2006 C. O. Hurst Torchlight ix. 114 ‘Address your partner,’ Mr. Dewey called out, and the music began again.

b. intransitive. To be orientated; to point (in a straight line). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > point or lie in a direction [verb (intransitive)]

goeOE

wendOE

runOE

stretchc1400

strike1456

extend1481

point?1518

address1523

passc1550

tend1574

trend1598

conduce1624

direct1665

verge1726

shape1769

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxii. 237 All Iles addressing to the landes..we helde in the tyme of the sayd treatye.

21. transitive. Golf. Take up a stance and place the club behind (the ball) in preparation for hitting it.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > golf > play golf [verb (transitive)] > address the ball

address1867

waggle1897

1773 in C. B. Clapcott Rules of Golf (1935) 24 Every Golfer addressing himself to his Ball.]

1867 Cornhill Mag. Apr. 494 The moment [a golfer] begins to ‘address’ his ball, as it is called, he expects that as a matter of course, everybody near him will become dumb and motionless.

1886 H. G. Hutchinson Hints on Golf 17 Golfers have gone so far as to instruct their caddies to say to them, ‘Slow back,’ so as to keep them in mind of this precept each time they addressed themselves to drive the ball.]

1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 464 In taking aim or addressing the ball, it is the almost invariable practice to pass or flourish the club head a few times backwards and forwards over the top of the ball in the direction of the proposed stroke.

1909 P. A. Vaile Mod. Golf 27 Nearly all professionals, when addressing their ball for the put, sole the putter in front of the ball.

2005 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 18 July 23 You know you're gripping your driver too tight, while addressing the ball, when the clubhead doubles its size.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	address
释义	addressn. Brit. /əˈdrɛs/, U.S. /ˈæˌdrɛs/, /əˈdrɛs/ Forms: 1500s addres, 1500s–1700s addresse, 1500s– address, 1600s adress. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: address v.; French adresse. Etymology: Partly < address v., and partly < Middle French adresse, addresse (French adresse ) skill, ability, means of reaching an aim (all second half of the 14th cent.), destination (a1444), action of addressing someone, turning to someone (15th cent.; earlier in senses ‘(straight) path’ (c1177 in Old French as adresce ), ‘direction’ (a1267), ‘counsel’ (c1355)) < adresser address v.Compare the further senses of French adresse (also in form addresse ) formal request to the King (of England) (1656), formal written declaration to a king (1789), modelled on the English word. The sense ‘particulars of the destination of a message’ perhaps developed independently in each language (1690 in French). With sense 7a compare earlier addressly adv. I. Senses relating to the action of directing or approaching a person or thing. †1. Guidance; aid. Cf. address v. 13. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > advising or guidance counsellingc1330 address1477 guidance?1548 instructions1665 guidage1805 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 159 He had neuer comen to the chief of this conqueste ne had ben..the ayde and adresse of Medea whiche was there present. 1562 T. Sternhold et al. Whole Bk. Psalmes xxxvii. 84 The Lord the iust mans waies doth guid and geuth him good successe: To euery thing he taketh in hande, he sendeth good addresse. ?1572 T. Paynell tr. Treasurie Amadis of Fraunce iv. iii. 91 The Lorde of all things, hath loked mercifully from heauen vpon hir, gyuing the addresse and helpe to the knightes that are nowe in this place, to assemble them as it were by a miracle. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxvi. 98 Having thanked him for his good addresse, we fell to the Rice they gave us, which came but to two mouthfuls a piece, and so took our leaves of them, going directly to the place they had shewed us. 2. An act or instance of addressing someone. a. Chiefly in plural. A courteous personal approach directed towards another person, esp. an approach of an amorous nature; an advance. to pay (also make) one's addresses: (of a man) to make respectful overtures to a woman as a preliminary to a romantic involvement. Now chiefly archaic.Also: spec. †appropriate or courteous conduct shown towards a king or queen; respect; an instance of this (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > courteous or deferential approach address1539 accost1606 1539 in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) I. 544 The king looked for address: and was well pleased when he had it from such as had a repute for learning. 1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) v. v, in Wks. I. 71 Here is my mistris..to whom all my addresses of courtship shall haue their reference. 1640 W. Habington Hist. Edward IV 153 S. Paul in this distraction of thoughts endeavoured to recover a game quite lost, and made his addresses to the King of England. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. xix. sig. Hh8^v Procuring her to be Haunted by some, whose Vices..have reduc'd him..to make an Address which aims but at the Portion, not the Person. 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. ii. 11 She did not dislike his address, only the manner of it. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones VI. xvi. ix. 72 To make sham Addresses to the older Lady. View more context for this quotation 1853 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1854) I. ii. 17 The black footman..persecuted her with his addresses. 1857 Cape Monthly Mag. May 289 They are not allowed to pay their addresses to a girl belonging to a kraal from which they may have drunk amasi. 1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 528/1 When a young man paid his addresses to a young woman who did not reside in the same village as himself, it was the custom..to ‘pitcher’ him. 1951 G. Heyer Quiet Gentleman ii. 27 I could not..be expected to pay my addresses to anyone with so little countenance or conversation! 1998 H. Mantel Giant, O'Brien vii. 107 ‘Claffey means to pay you his proper addresses,’ Pybus said. ‘He is advanced in the art of courtship.’ b. An approach or overture, esp. for the purpose of asking or applying for aid, resolution, etc.; an application, an appeal. In later use chiefly: spec. an approach directed to God, etc., esp. expressing gratitude or praise; a prayer (now rare). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > invocation or appeal bodec1175 stevenc1200 crya1300 askingc1330 prayerc1330 beseeching1340 invocationc1384 billc1386 conjuringa1400 pealc1400 conjurationc1450 adjuration?1473 remonstrance?1473 interpellation1526 contestation1548 address1570 vocation1574 imprecation1585 appellation1587 supplantation1590 advocation1598 application1607 invoking1611 inclamation1613 conjurement1643 bespeaking1661 vocative1747 incalling1850 appeal1859 appealing1876 appealingness1876 rogative1882 cri de cœur1897 1570 in W. Chambers Charters Burgh Peebles (1872) 325 To see gif they can haif ane addres of my lord Regent. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Acheminement, an addresse, introduction, entrie, ingression. 1632 J. Mabbe tr. J. de Santa Maria Policie Unveiled (title page) The Matters of Iustice, and Governement; The Addresses, Maxims, and Reasons of State. 1654 J. Bramhall Just Vindic. Church of Eng. iii. 35 To make his first addresse for Justice to a secular Magistrate. 1704 R. Nelson Compan. Festivals & Fasts i. iii. 37 Our Addresses to Heaven are represented by Frankincense. a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iv. 503 Those unpremeditated addresses to heaven called ejaculations. 1917 Homiletic Rev. Jan. 51/1 While uttered in the form of an address to Jesus, we shall not miss their meaning. 2000 Ledger (Lakeland, Florida) (Nexis) 2 Sept. d1 Prayer is an act of worship. It may be individual or corporate, but it is an address to God by the inmost soul. c. Also with capital initial. In earlier use: a formal approach to a sovereign, esp. a request, appeal, or statement of grievance; a petition; a statement arguing for or supporting something. Also in later use spec.: a formal reply required by each of the Houses of Parliament to the sovereign's speech at the opening of Parliament (see King's (or Queen's) Speech at speech n.¹ 8d). Also more fully Address to the Throne, humble address (also loyal address). ΚΠ 1616 R. Betts tr. King James VI & I Remonstr. Right of Kings 96 Whilest all these remonstrances and addresses of the Council are on foote; behold, the Royall Maiesty of the King hangeth as it were by loose gimmals. 1662 A. Mervyn Speech to Duke of Ormond 3 It must be therefore a forc'd Put, that presseth us on to this address. 1701 (title) The humble address of the right honourable the Lords Spiritual & Temporal in Parliament assembled, presented to His Majesty on Tuesday the eighteenth day of February, 1700. 1701 D. Defoe Ye True-born Englishmen xxix A wise Address you do prepare, To have his Majesty take care Rebellion to prevent. 1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) Address, a discourse presented to the king, in the name of a considerable body of his people. 1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. ii. 154 They joined with this view, in an address to the regent. 1774 Jrnl. Proc. Congress 47 Resolved unanimously, that a loyal address to his Majesty be prepared, dutifully requesting the royal attention to the grievances that alarm and distress his Majesty's faithful subjects in North-America. 1839 Ld. Brougham Hist. Sketches Statesmen George III 3rd Ser. 135 The calumny being promulgated by an irresponsible body, and in an address to the throne, no proceedings at law were possible. 1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. i. ii. 53 The magistrates of the cities through which he passed welcomed him with complimentary addresses. 1870 Crown Hist. Eng. 808 Lord Liverpool moved the Address..the debate lasted two nights, the Address being finally carried by a majority of 163. 1931 R. MacDonald in Times 21 Jan. 7/4 It..becomes my duty to move that a humble Address be presented to his Majesty to express the deep concern of this House at the loss which his Majesty has sustained by the death of her Royal Highness the Princess Royal. 1989 Independent (Nexis) 1 June The Earl of Airlie (Lord Chamberlain) had an audience of The Queen and presented an Address from the House of Lords, to which Her Majesty was graciously pleased to make reply. 2002 R. Waller & B. Criddle Almanac Brit. Politics (ed. 7) 472 A Europhile Blairite loyalist, who has never strayed from centre-right affiliations in his party, his moving of the Loyal Address in June 2001 was considered less than Periclean. d. A speech directed at or appealing to a particular audience; a written copy or account of this. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a speech speakingc1275 cry1303 orisona1382 sermonc1385 exhortationc1450 oration?1504 prepositiona1513 declamation1523 concion1541 speak1567 set speech1573 speech1583 hortative1612 allocution1615 public addressa1639 address1643 presentation1714 speechification1809 speechment1826 1643 Ld. Capel (title) Address to all commanders, officers, and soldiers. 1701 W. Darrell tr. G. Daniel Disc. Cleander & Eudoxus ii. 55 I will end with an address to the Dominicans, or to others as Pascal has finish'd his thirteenth Letter with one to the Jesuits. a1779 J. Cook Voy. Pacific Ocean (1784) I. v. 159 Soon after Taipa had delivered his address to the assembly, Feenou left them. 1827 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) IV. 155 The Bishop who delivered the valedictory address. 1840 W. H. Lewis (title) Address delivered before the Philodemic Society..on the 22d February, 1840. 1882 A. Bain James Mill iii. 87 I was at the meeting, and listened to Herschel's address. 1916 M. Gyte Diary 21 Apr. (1999) 85 Mr. Weadon took the service in Church and it was as usual. People get tired of his long addresses. 1969 Jrnl. Brit. Astron. Assoc. 79 345 The title of his address really should be ‘Gnomonics Discovered’. 1986 J. Batten Judges 6 Porter began his address to the jury. He worked without notes as he prowled in front of the jury-box. 2007 Independent 6 Mar. 27/1 The substance of his address at his party's conference on Sunday is worth revisiting. e. A formal request to the monarch by both Houses of Parliament for the removal of a judge from office. In the U.S. (now also bill of address): a similar request, directed to the executive by both branches of the legislature (now rare). Also: the process by which a judge is so removed. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > formal request or petition > of particular type litanyc1400 application1692 address1700 1700 Act 12 & 13 Will. III c. 2, § 3 Judges Commissions [to] be made Quamdiu se bene gesserint;..but upon the Address of both Houses of Parliament, it may be lawful to remove them. 1771 E. Burke Speech 7 Mar. in Speeches E. Burke House of Commons I. 81 We may, when we see cause of complaint, administer a remedy; it is in our choice by an address to remove an improper judge. 1822 Missouri Intelligencer 2 July 3/2 If any of the judges..must be removed, even without cause, still let it be done by address. 1882 H. Adams John Randolph 132 The Constitutions of England, of Massachusetts, of Pennsylvania, authorized the removal of an obnoxious judge on a mere address of the legislature. 1976 Economist (Nexis) 28 Feb. 30 The judge's retirement from the bench is entirely his own affair; he can be removed only by an address to the Queen by both houses of parliament. 1993 W. W. Horton Connecticut State Constit. 150 Impeachment is not the only way to remove appointed judicial officers. They can be removed by address under Article Fifth, §2, or by the Supreme Court under Article Fifth, §7. 2008 Union Leader (Manchester, New Hampsh.) (Nexis) 3 Apr. a1 The Legislature has the power to remove a judge by passing a bill of address or impeaching him, but Reams said that hasn't happened in recent memory. 3. The action of directing or dispatching. Now only in address commission n. at Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] > sailor's pay > types of address1562 full pay1579 river pay1708 flag-pay1719 port pay1758 allotment1766 portage1809 1562 T. Sternhold et al. Whole Bk. Psalmes cxiiii. 290 When Israell by Gods addres, from Pharos land was bent. 4. An introductory inscription dedicating a literary work to a specified person, god, etc.; a dedication. Also: †the action of assigning or dedicating a piece of writing to a person, god, etc. (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > communication > [noun] > by written communication address1579 society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > matter preceding text > dedication > act of dedication address1579 addressment1630 1579 G. Fenton in tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin Ep. Ded. sig. iii All law of reason, of equitie, and of other impression what so euer, do chalenge to appropriate the addresse and iustification of this worke to your Maiestie only. 1644 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce* (ed. 2) To Parl. sig. A4^v The addresse of these lines chiefly to the Parlament of England might have seem'd ingratefull. 1664 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders (new ed.) i. sig. c5 The Addresse of this Little Treatise to your Lordship. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy Pref. sig. A2^v [I] can have no other Design in this Address, than to declare that I am, [My Lord,] your lordship's most Obliged. a1743 J. Relph Misc. of Poems (1747) 55 Your poëm thus drawn to a stop, Clap on a kind address at top: At bottom protestation fervent; Then close and send it to your servant. 1778 R. Potter Notes Tragedies Æschylus 563 This ode..begins with a sublime and manly address to Jupiter. 1923 D. A. Mackenzie Myths China & Japan xiii. 240 ‘Thou hast departed to the West, from whence there is no returning in the barge of mercy’, runs an address to the corpse. 1993 Independent on Sunday 3 Oct. (Review Suppl.) 42/1 ‘From A to B and Back Again’ is a maternity hospital poem..and the loyal address to ‘my brave love’ falls awkwardly among its scalpelwork. 5. A manner or style of speaking or writing; the manner a person employs in conversation or writing; language. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > [noun] speechc1000 saying1340 accenta1398 tonguec1460 diction1563 address1581 elocution1604 tone1687 the world > action or operation > behaviour > [noun] > in social intercourse > in conversation address1581 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. i. f. 18^v Al these solitarinesses of place taken & vsed in due season, haue great force to stir vp the spirits, & to prepare them a more easie and sure addresse to the works and actions belonging to conuersation. 1659 J. Evelyn Char. Eng. 44 Ill Courtiers, unplyant, morose and of vulgar address. 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 17 With a goodly income of Learning, and a right handsome address of words, and well air'd periods. 1697 J. Addison Ess. Georgics in J. Dryden tr. Virgil Wks. sig. ¶3^v The Precepts of Husbandry are not to be deliver'd with the Simplicity of a Plow-Man, but with the Address of a Poet. 1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 17 Dec. (1965) I. 289 A Princesse of great Addresse and good breeding. 1736 D. Neal Hist. Puritans III. 542 He [sc. Charles I] was unaffable and difficult of address. 1755 S. Johnson in J. Boswell Life Johnson (1816) I. 240 I was overpowered..by the enchantment of your address. 1807 G. Crabbe Birth Flattery in Poems 192 And who that modest Nymph of meek Address? 1851 T. Carlyle Life J. Sterling ii. ii. 140 His address, I perceived, was abrupt, unceremonious. 1935 H. H. Hudson in J. Hoskins Direct. Speech & Style p. xv We have, then, a text-book in rhetoric, but one written in the language of familiar address. 1971 Physics Bull. Dec. 738/1 To adopt the laconic address of film reviews they are (1) pedagogic, (2) technical, [etc.]. 1998 H. Ragsdale tr. E. Zubkova Russia after War ix. 82 Officials'..crude manner of address to the people..provoked the discontent of those living around them. 6. a. The particulars of the place where a person lives or an organization is situated, typically consisting of a number, street name, the name of a town or district, and often a postal code; these particulars considered as a location where a person or organization can be contacted by post.Sometimes this also includes the name of the person or organization to be contacted.home, post-office address, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > sending items > [noun] > addressing letter > address superscription1464 direction1586 superscript1598 address1622 inscription1741 home address1847 post-office address1849 1622 H. Wotton Let. in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1672) 357 If I had not been absent when Mr. B. came last, I would have said much more in private between us; which shall be supplied by Letter, if I may receive a safe form of address from you. 1665 J. Evelyn Let. 4 Apr. in Diary & Corr. (1857) III. 155 I will charge you with some addresses to friends of mine there, that shall exceedingly cherish you. 1712 E. Budgell Spectator No. 277. ¶6 Having learnt the Milliner's Addresse, I went directly to her house. 1752 G. G. Beekman Let. 14 Feb. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 139 If you should send any..goods to my Address I shall always to the best I can for your Interist..as follows, [etc.]. 1797 A. M. Bennett Beggar Girl V. viii. 228 He wanted to leave his address, and she flounced away and would not take it. 1848 Vest. Creation (ed. 3) 312 The number of letters put in without addresses is year by year the same. 1863 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis lxxi. 606 His address was to his brother's house in Suffolk. 1905 Vegetarian Messenger Apr. 105 I will send any readers who wish for it an address where nut-foods can be had guaranteed free of pea-nuts. 1955 ‘A. Gilbert’ Is she Dead Too? xiii. 227 Seems to have pulled up his stumps now he's married again. Wonder if they left an address. 1971 Times 27 Nov. 16/1 Their address is 2 Chesmea Court, Avondale, Salisbury. 2006 Independent 22 May (Property section) 5/5 Nowadays..every mail order company can summon up your address from your postcode. b. The building or other location where a person lives or an organization is situated. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > [noun] earneOE wickc900 bottleeOE innOE boldOE wonningc1000 wanea1225 wonea1250 bidea1300 dwelling1340 habitaculec1374 habitaclec1384 habitationc1384 mansionc1385 placea1387 manantie?a1400 dungeonc1460 longhousec1460 folda1500 residencea1522 abode1549 bield1570 lodgement1598 bidinga1600 sit-house1743 location1795 wigwam1817 address1855 yard1865 res1882 nivas1914 multifamily1952 1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South I. vii. 90 Her father took her through the entrance of the hotel, and leaving her at the foot of the staircase, went to the address of the landlord of the house they had fixed upon. 1863 M. Oliphant Salem Chapel I. xii. 203 I shall go up to town, and to his address to-morrow, and see what is to be found there. 1888 A. C. Gunter Mr. Potter xix He doesn't know where his son is to be found,..otherwise he would drive to his address at once. 1906 G. R. Sims Living London (rev. ed.) II. 216/1 The fashionable house-hunter cannot go very far afield in search of his new address. 1934 G. B. Shaw Too True to be Good ii. 65 What you think is love, and interest, and all that, is not real love at all: three quarters of it is only unsatisfied curiosity. Ive lived at that address myself. 1989 Eng. Today July 58/3 Instead of being in their offices doctors work out of their offices and another chap operates his business out of his address. 2001 C. Fowler Devil in Me (2005) 150 It was an unassuming suit of offices on a third floor with an ancient trellis lift, overlooking the Charing Cross Road. You could have mistaken it for the address of a notary public. c. Computing. A number, usually encoded as a sequence of bits, which identifies a particular location in a data storage system, computer, or computer network; a string of characters which identifies a location on the internet or other network; esp. = email address n. at email n.² Compounds 2.immediate, indirect, relative, symbolic address, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > programming language > program or code > [noun] > address address1946 1946 C. B. Sheppard in Moore School Lect. (1985) 136 In a 2048 register machine each address must have 11 pulse positions since 2048 = 2¹¹. 1951 M. V. Wilkes et al. Prepar. Programs for Electronic Digital Computer i. i. 10 The address specified in this particular order is then increased by one. 1967 M. Klerer & G. A. Korn Digital Computer User's Handbk. i. 20 Relative addressing is done with addresses that are generated relative to some preset location whose relative address is 0. 1982 List of Lists in net.sources (Usenet newsgroup) 30 Oct. Due to past problems with messages deemed in bad taste..messages sent to this address are manually screened..before being remailed to the BBoards. 1989 PC Mag. (U.K. ed.) May 50/1 The 486 paging unit maps 32-bit linear addresses to a 32-bit physical address. 1994 .net Dec. 29/1 You have to sort out your IP addresses, assigning every host on your network a valid address from the range allocated to you by your Internet Registry. 1998 P. Gralla How Internet Works (ed. 4) xvii. 94 Some email software allows you to filter out messages from certain addresses. 2005 D. A. Patterson et al. Computer Organization & Design (ed. 3) ii. 97 The program counter (PC) contains the address of the current instruction. 2008 Irish Times (Nexis) 6 June (Finance section) 7 Websites using .com addresses have advertised Irish prostitutes for many years. II. Preparation and related uses. 7. a. The state or quality of being prepared or ready to do something; adroitness, resourcefulness; ability, skill, dexterity; an instance of this. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > skill or adroitness subtletyc1300 sleightc1385 subtiltyc1405 subtilityc1415 facility1532 handsomeness1550 address?1577 neatnessa1627 adroitness1683 hability1840 deftness1853 niftiness1878 slickness1895 eptitude1967 the mind > attention and judgement > attention > notice, observation > [noun] > alertness, readiness address?1577 presentness1598 alertness1714 awaredom1752 wide-awakeness1841 wide-awakedness1845 wide-awakefulness1851 wide-awakeativeness1859 ?1577 F. T. Debate Pride & Lowlines sig. Ei They answeared, and that with quicke addresse, And this was all the ffect of their sentence. 1592 A. Munday tr. E. de Maisonneufve Gerileon of Englande: 2nd Pt. xvi. sig. S2 He is a riche and puissant Lorde, a man of great valour and addresse at armes. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. vi. 194 The quicke, proud Courser, which the rest doth passe For apt addresse. 1644 J. Evelyn Mem. I. 94 Being built exceedingly reclining, by a rare address of the architect. 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 3. ⁋6 His Royal Highness employs all his Address in alarming the enemy. 1733 P. Shaw tr. F. Bacon Civil Char. Julius Cæsar in Philos. Wks. I. 310 His ready Address, to extricate himself both in Action and Discourse; for no Man ever resolved quicker, or spoke clearer. 1778 F. Burney Evelina II. ii. 20 The prisoner had had the address to escape. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. i. 14 Miss Griselda..had not address enough to follow the lead. 1855 Harper's Mag. July 224/1 When I saw the two chiefs meet, the huge Savromates brandishing a blade like an enormous claymore, his antagonist armed with the common gladius it delighted me to watch the superior address of the latter. 1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. i. vi. 180 The French commander had the address to obtain instructions to the same effect from his own court. 1955 Times 1 Oct. 9/3 A task that he carried out with great address in cooperation with his subordinates. †b. The action of making ready or getting prepared; preparation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [noun] yarkingc1000 forgraithinga1300 apparellingc1315 ordinancec1330 purveyancec1330 graithinga1340 purveying1340 providencea1382 making readyc1384 preparationa1393 paring1393 provisiona1398 parelc1425 apparelc1430 parelling?a1440 ablingc1450 munition1480 preparing1497 arraya1500 readyinga1500 repurveancea1500 ordaining1509 apparation1533 preparementa1538 apprest1539 preparaturea1540 preparance1543 order1545 apparance1546 prepare1548 fore-preparationa1586 ettlingc1600 apparelment1607 parationa1617 comparation1623 address1633 apparatus1638 prep1920 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 408 I beheld a present representation of addresse unto a terrible judgement. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. To Sophronia sig. A5 Your Importunity ingaged me (though not to the Address, yet) to the Publication of these Papers. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 731 But now again she makes address to speak. View more context for this quotation 1788 J. Priestley Lect. Hist. 20 By proper address, they are as capable of entering into any subject of speculation as they ever will be. †8. Clothing, equipment, etc., esp. for a particular occasion or purpose; attire, apparel, dress. Cf. address v. 10a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] clothesc888 hattersOE shroudc1000 weedOE shrouda1122 clothc1175 hatteringa1200 atourc1220 back-clout?c1225 habit?c1225 clothingc1275 cleadinga1300 dubbinga1300 shroudinga1300 attirec1300 coverturec1300 suitc1325 apparel1330 buskingc1330 farec1330 harness1340 tire1340 backs1341 geara1350 apparelmentc1374 attiringa1375 vesturec1385 heelinga1387 vestmentc1386 arraya1400 graitha1400 livery1399 tirementa1400 warnementa1400 arrayment1400 parelc1400 werlec1400 raiment?a1425 robinga1450 rayc1450 implements1454 willokc1460 habiliment1470 emparelc1475 atourement1481 indumenta1513 reparel1521 wearing gear1542 revesture1548 claesc1550 case1559 attirement1566 furniture1566 investuring1566 apparelling1567 dud1567 hilback1573 wear1576 dress1586 enfolding1586 caparison1589 plight1590 address1592 ward-ware1598 garnish1600 investments1600 ditement1603 dressing1603 waith1603 thing1605 vestry1606 garb1608 outwall1608 accoutrementa1610 wearing apparel1617 coutrement1621 vestament1632 vestiment1637 equipage1645 cask1646 aguise1647 back-timbera1656 investiture1660 rigging1664 drapery1686 vest1694 plumage1707 bussingc1712 hull1718 paraphernalia1736 togs1779 body clothing1802 slough1808 toggery1812 traps1813 garniture1827 body-clothes1828 garmenture1832 costume1838 fig1839 outfit1840 vestiture1841 outer womana1845 outward man1846 vestiary1846 rag1855 drag1870 clo'1874 parapherna1876 clobber1879 threads1926 mocker1939 schmatte1959 vine1959 kit1989 1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie v. 100 Foorth I proceed in order clad, In weldie armes and in right fair addresse. a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 203 Secondly, here must be a light address; no Man that goes to sojourn in a strange Country will carry his lumber along with him. 1720 R. Welton tr. T. Alvares de Andrade Sufferings Son of God II. xvi. 430 This very same Temptation oftentimes attacks the Servants of God, in a more Masquerade Address. †9. Something designed to fulfil a particular function; an appliance. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > equipment for any action or undertaking > a device or contrivance compassinga1300 graithc1375 jetc1380 cautelc1440 quaint?a1450 invention1546 trick1548 frame1558 fashion1562 device1570 conveyance1596 address1598 molition1598 fabric1600 machine1648 fancy1665 art1667 fanglementa1670 convenience1671 conveniency1725 contraption1825 affair1835 rig1845 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 132 Bridges, barks and boats, and other Addresses and engines..to be framed to passe riuers. 1632 H. Hawkins tr. G. P. Maffei Fuga Sæculi 117 He had yet, so fresh, and fayre a skynne, as if he had beene alwayes trayned vp in feasts, and banquets, stoues, and baths, and other addresses of human delicacyes. 10. Golf. The action of bringing the head of the club up to the ball as a means of adjusting one's position prior to swinging. Frequently in at address. Cf. address v. 21. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > golf > [noun] > movements swing-back1862 waggle1885 address1887 downswing1891 follow-through1891 overswing1902 soling1909 upswing1922 takeaway1957 1887 W. G. Simpson Art of Golf ii. 53 The swing of the golfer may be divided into three parts: 1st, Position; 2nd, Address; 3rd, Swing proper. 1915 Golf Illustr. Nov. 27 (caption) Note the bent right knee, denoting the standing-sitting position at address. 1991 Golf Monthly Feb. 56/1 Playing from sloping lies causes problems if you don't feel comfortable at the address position. 2001 Golf Mag. Feb. 88/2 Almost everyone has been told to adopt an open stance and open clubface at address. Phrases P1. to be to the address of: (of a statement, proposal, etc.) to be addressed to. Now rare. ΚΠ 1859 Times 5 May 10/1 The hint about the ‘incorrigible men of those old parties who are seen constantly to unite with our enemies’ is to the address of the Legitimists and Orleanists. 1894 M. Oliphant Sir Robert's Fortune xliv. 408 The majority of..[women] went to their graves without ever knowing it, except in a jibe, which was to the address of all women. 1937 B. E. C. Dugdale A. J. Balfour iv. 63 It was to the address of Joseph Chamberlain that Mr. Gladstone framed his proposals to ‘consider’ the question of Irish self-government. P2. (of) no fixed address: (having) no permanent address (cf. no fixed abode at abode n.¹ Phrases 1). Frequently euphemistic, implying homelessness. ΚΠ 1861 Times 11 June 11/5 He had no fixed address, but, being of an inquiring mind, he was anxious to visit all the fourpenny lodging houses in London to see ‘what they were made of’. 1928 Washington Post 21 Dec. 1/6 The man,..of no fixed address, is said to have admitted a number of robberies. 1942 Punch 9 Sept. 216/1 In spite of a succession of London town-houses he had—this perhaps was worst of all—no fixed address. 1989 Guardian 11 July 4/2 An unemployed production engineer of no fixed address. 2008 Daily Star (Nexis) 20 May 11 [Her] family said she had left home some time ago and had no fixed address. P3. form of address: a title, name, etc., used in speaking, writing, or referring to a person of a specified rank, function, or relationship; the appropriate or polite term or terms to use when addressing a person. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > naming > name or appellation > [noun] > name used to address a person compellation1643 compellative1656 form of address1675 1675 W. Cave Antiquitates Apostolicæ 169 The stile of most excellent is attributed to him [sc. Theophilus], the usual title and form of address in those times to Princes and great men. 1681 J.M. Let. to Author 29 Dec. in Guide Juries (1699) 105 Letters which yet must want the Ceremonial Form of Address. 1751 J. Harris Hermes i. viii. 145 The Vocative..was nothing more than the Form of Address in point of names, titles, and epithets. 1828 Times 5 July 7/3 [Don Miguel] has been styled King..and ‘your Majesty’ in all addresses from individuals or corporate bodies for months... To these forms of address he made no objection. 1855 Harper's Mag. June 44/1 In the ‘Week of Love to St. Antony’, the form of address on Mondays is ‘Oh, my Saint Antony! Wonder of wonders! Credit to Omnipotence!’. 1919 Athenæum 25 July 664/1 ‘Major’, for Sergeant-major—a polite form of address by an N.C.O. 1957 R. Hoggart Uses of Literacy ii. 34 ‘Our Mam’, ‘our Dad’, ‘our Alice’ are normal forms of address. 2007 Miami Herald (Nexis) 29 Mar. You must provide their name, address, form of address (Mr., Mrs., Ms.), date of birth, [etc.]. Compounds C1. General attributive in sense 6c, as address code, address modification, etc. ΚΠ 1948 Math. Tables & Other Aids Computation 3 288 Most orders consist of four address codes and one operation code. 1954 Jrnl. Assoc. Computing Machinery 1 4/1 Speedcoding also provides automatic address modification. 1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing vi. 102 In computers which can read magnetic tape backwards, the corresponding address registers must be capable of counting backwards. 1980 C. S. French Computer Sci. xxv. 191 There are two common ways of returning from subroutines using either Indirect addressing or Address modification. 1989 PC Mag. (U.K. ed.) May 50/1 Using a translation lookaside buffer..that can hold 32 entries, a linear-to-physical address translation can be done in a single clock cycle. 1994 New Scientist 8 Oct. 28/1 A hacker could..set up a ‘sniffer’ program that examines the address header accompanying each message that passes through the node. 2007 P. Scherz Pract. Electronics for Inventors (ed. 2) xii. 634 A 20-bit address code used to identify 1 of 1 million memory locations can be replaced with a hexadecimal code. C2. address bar n. Computing a text box in a browser which displays the address of the web page currently being viewed, into which a user can enter a particular address in order to visit a different page. ΚΠ 1995 C. Stinson Running Microsoft Windows 95 xxvi. 705 The address bar displays the Internet address of the World Wide Web page you're currently viewing. 2009 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 14 Apr. 11 When your browser displays ‘https’ rather than ‘http’ in the address bar, it is using encryption. address book n. (a) a book containing the names and addresses of a particular group of people; spec. a book for recording the names, addresses and other personal details of a person's acquaintances, organizations of personal relevance, etc., typically arranged alphabetically; (b) a facility on a computer, mobile phone, etc., which allows a user to store details of their personal contacts. ΚΠ 1847 Times 30 Mar. 1/4 (advt.) According to the address..in the Shareholder's Address Book. 1913 E. Ferber Roast Beef Medium vii. 174 You'll find the address under J. in my address book in my handbag. 1980 InfoWorld 18 Feb. 5/3 All a micro's capabilities will need to link to each other effortlessly and transparently. The address book should link to the phone dialer and letter writer. 1995 Family PC Dec. 100/2 The address book contains fields for home and business addresses. 2005 T. Hall Salaam Brick Lane iii. 55 Some evenings, I'd mentally tick through my address book, realising that there was no one to call or share my own troubles with. 2008 C. Newkey-Burden in J. Burchill & C. Newkey-Burden Not in my Name 130 He texts everyone in his mobile phone address book the message: ‘Hi, how are you? Up to much tonight?’ address bus n. Computing a bus (bus n.¹ 2b) used only for the transmission of address information. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > hardware > [noun] > electronic component, circuitry > signal path bus1946 data path1947 highway1949 address bus1956 1956 U.S. Patent 2,764,343 7 Similar connections exist between the parallel-set bus, the counting bus, the address bus, the clamping bus, etc. 1977 E. Klingman Microprocessor Syst. Design x. 263 The processor then places the address on the address bus, the four most significant address bits and the four status bits on the data bus. 2007 I. R. Sinclair & J. Dunton Pract. Electronics Handbk. (ed. 6) xi. 315 The address bus is usually driven by the address output port of the microprocessor. address card n. a small card with a person's name and address written or printed on it. ΚΠ 1824 Times 17 Sept. 1/2 Address cards may be had at Mr. Middleton's, 47, Lamb's, Conduit-street. 1974 P. Larkin Let. 11 July in Sel. Lett. (1992) 511 Many thanks for your letter. Here's another address card. I moved on 27th June. 2002 Grand Rapids (Mich.) Press (Nexis) 20 Feb. a1 He told investigators he was not far from the computer, looking up address cards in a filing system. address commission n. a commission paid to the agent of a shipping charterer for arranging the loading of a ship (see address v. 15b). ΚΠ 1862 T. C. Foster & W. F. Finlason Rep. Cases Nisi Prius & Crown Side II. 506 He admitted that, in the course of the discussions on the charter, nothing was said about ‘address commission’; but also said that when not intended to be applied to the homeward cargo it was struck out. 1880 Private Telegraph Code Hamilton, Fraser & Co., Liverpool 92 Address commission 5 per cent. divisible equally between yourself and us. 1914 Times 7 May 21/6 The campaign for the abolition of address commission in Russian ports. 2003 SinoCast (Nexis) 24 Feb. Some shipping lines reduced and even canceled the address commissions without negotiating with related trade representatives... [This] wrong behavior had caused direct losses to China freight forwarders. address label n. a label on which an address may be written or printed, esp. one on an envelope, package, etc., indicating the sender or receiver. ΚΠ 1828 Times 22 Jan. 4 The new sort [of bottle] is sent out with a label of very difficult construction, distinguished by a white letter on a blue ground, mixed with letter-press, so as to form a compound plate and an address label. 1870 D. Macrae Americans I. 80 He showed me also what he called the ‘Identifier’—a slip of parchment about the size of an address label. 1929 Kansas City (Missouri) Star 7 Jan. The severest blow that can be handed a publicity-minded man is to have his picture appear on the first page of a newspaper and then have the demon mailer slap the address label squarely over his phiz. 2002 Washington Post 4 Jan. (Home ed.) c9/1 ‘We like to show that we have manners,’ he said. That's why his magazine uses honorifics on address labels. address space n. Computing the available range of locations in memory or on a network (esp. the internet) which can be given a unique and valid address. ΚΠ 1969 U.S. Patent 3,466,613 10 When another CLI instruction would be executed, the previous contents of IM would be overwritten by the program section following, in the Main Memory address space, that other CLI instruction. 1989 Byte Aug. 196/2 The current Mac operating system is limited to a 24-bit address space. 2005 Miami Herald (Nexis) 29 Nov. c15 Internet domain names may be getting longer or more complex as websites creatively squeeze into the crowded ‘.com’ address space. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). addressv. Brit. /əˈdrɛs/, U.S. /əˈdrɛs/ Forms: Middle English adresce, Middle English 1600s adress, Middle English–1500s adresse, Middle English–1600s addresse, Middle English–1600s adres, Middle English– address, 1500s–1600s addres; Scottish pre-1700 addres, pre-1700 addresse, pre-1700 adres, pre-1700 adrese, pre-1700 adress, pre-1700 1700s– address. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French adresser. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French adrescer, adresser, addresser, adrecer, adrecier, etc. (French adresser ) to direct, guide, to make straight, to set up, raise, to stand up (also reflexive), to put right (a wrong), to make amends, to set to rights, to reform (an institution), to speak to, (reflexive) to direct one's course, to go directly (all 12th cent.), to make ready, to prepare (beginning of the 13th cent. or earlier), (reflexive) to turn to (beginning of the 14th cent. or earlier) < a- a- prefix⁵ + dresser dress v. Compare Old Occitan adreisar , adresar , Catalan adreçar (14th cent.), Spanish aderezar (13th cent. as adereçar ), Portuguese adereçar (13th cent.), Italian addirizzare , addrizzare (end of the 13th cent.), and post-classical Latin addretiare , adresciare to redress, set right (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), adressare to put in place (1320 in a British source). Compare dress v., redress v.¹ I. To send in a particular direction or towards a particular location. (Senses relating to communication.) 1. transitive (chiefly in passive). To direct (a written communication) to a specific person or destination; spec. (in early use) to write and send (a writ, a petition, a letter, etc.) to a specific person or place; (in later use) to write an address (address n. 6) on (a letter, envelope, or parcel). Now also: to direct (an email) to a specific person or address. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > letter-writing > write (a letter) [verb (transitive)] > write to addressa1325 bepistle1589 beletter1655 epistolize1702 epistle1741 to tip (one) a stave1838 society > communication > correspondence > sending items > send items [verb (transitive)] > address letter redressa1393 superscribe1472 direct1598 dedicate1688 back1825 address1880 a1325 Act 27 Edward I in MS Rawl. B.520 f. 31 And wite hoem wel þe schirreues þat..hoe ne retornen none oþer names of Mainpernors ne of Iururs..ne of none oþere..bote of þulke Mainpernours..Iururs..oþer oþere..after þat te tenour of oure writes þer of þe schirreue adressez. c1437 Chancery Proc. Ser. C1 File 9 No. 269 (MED) To graunte seueral writtes adressed to the seid John Tanner..to appiere before you. 1453 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1837) VI. 162 (MED) Notwithstanding oure lettres late addressed unto you, bering date at Westm. the xxvij day of Juyll..ye ne have in any wyse obeyed. a1500 in Memorials St. Edmund's Abbey (1896) 3 270 (MED) Oure oþer lettres and credences undre oure prive seel, herebefore to you adressed, delivered. 1546 in Acts Privy Council (1890) I. 495 Letters were addressed to the Lord Deputie of Boloyne for the placing of Mr. Arnold at the Master of thorses Campe according to the Kinges Majestes former determynacion. 1583 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (ed. 4) II. 1786/2 The Popes letters, which the Legat did of late sende vnto him, addressed to him from Rome. 1663 B. Furly Worlds Honour Detected 10 His Judgment then I find recorded in a Letter of his, written and addressed to his dear Friends, the Saints or Church of God at Corinth. 1684 tr. Eve Revived 60 He found the means of Writing to each of 'em in particular, insomuch that the Letters he Addressed to 'em, fell into their Hands. 1753 Trial J. Stewart 24 Principal holograph letter, by Allan Stewart..addressed to Duncan Stewart of Glenbucky. 1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. V. 5 That the chancery of Worms..should open the writings addressed to the summonary office of the Circle. 1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. i. ii. 37 Previous to his embarkation, Charles addressed a letter to his son. 1880 P.O. Guide 16 Letters for well-known firms and persons in London are sometimes addressed ‘London’ only; but this practice often causes delay. 1919 J. Thurber Let. 18 Mar. (2002) 30 I am addressing this letter to you because I want to send you the enclosed check for 10 beans. 1940 R. S. Lambert Ariel & all his Quality ix. 244 A letter was delivered..addressed ‘H. Brown, Esq., Broadcasting House’. 1963 B.S.I. News May 7/2 BSI's telegraphic addresses have been changed. Overseas cables should now be addressed to ‘Standards London W 1’. 2007 Ecologist July–Aug. 6/3 The question remains, how did emails addressed to the above recipients and not CC-ed to the Agency end up in their files? 2. transitive. To direct to the attention of, communicate to; to frame for a particular audience; (also, more narrowly) to dedicate to.In quot. a1774 intransitive: to write something for a particular audience. ΘΚΠ society > communication > [verb (transitive)] showc1175 conveyc1386 directa1400 address1490 communicate1529 participate1531 import1565 discourse1591 tradit1657 to set out1695 trajecta1711 society > communication > [verb (transitive)] > send as a written message to someone address1725 1490 Arte & Crafte to knowe well to Dye (Caxton) sig. Bj^v The oraysons and prayers, whiche [thei] adressen vnto our lorde. 1650 T. Hobbes De Corpore Politico 190 Now in those Laws which are simply Laws, the Commandement is addressed to every man. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxiii. 126 For the Advice is addressed to the Soveraign only. 1725 D. Cotes tr. L. E. Du Pin New Eccl. Hist. 17th Cent. I. v. 69 The Encyclick, Circular, or Catholick Letters, were address'd to all Churches, or to all the Faithful. 1772 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra II. lxviii. 310 This letter..is addressed, not so much to you, as to the public. a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iv. 503 If either he had addressed to the studious, or I been to write for the better sort. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xvii. 67 In a poetical request, addressed to one of the last..of the Roman Princes who reigned in Gaul. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §15 The large copper plate print addressed to Prince George of Denmark. 1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. ii. 112 The fine arts are addressed more to the imagination; the sciences to the intellect. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 45 I deny that I make verses or address compositions to him. 1903 W. W. Fowler in Harvard Stud. Class. Philol. 14 22 If Virgil had not addressed the poem to Pollio..no one would have dreamt that its subject was the birth of the consul's son. 1992 Times 12 Sept. (Sat. Review) 33/4 The book is addressed not to scholars and theologians but to the general practitioners of Christianity, both ordained and lay. 3. a. transitive. To direct (spoken words) to (also unto).In quot. 1655 figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > speak to or address [verb (transitive)] > address words to a person dressa1325 puta1350 shapec1400 directc1450 address1518 apply1565 1518 H. Watson tr. Hystorye Olyuer of Castylle xlviii. sig. L. iii An auncyent knyght, ye whiche adressyd his wordes vnto the kynges of Irlande. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. i. 32 Vnto your Grace do I in chiefe addresse The substance of my speech. View more context for this quotation 1655 R. Baker et al. tr. J. L. G. de Balzac Lett. 134 They have addressed incense to Apes and Crocadiles. 1717 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad III. xi. 178 These Words..The Youths address'd to unrelenting Ears. 1791 N. Tucker tr. E. Swedenborg Apocalypse Revealed II. xiv. §655 To whom the draconic spirit addressed the same words. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 623 Her husband received her very coldly, and addressed almost all his discourse to Clarendon. 1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table xi. 323 I never addressed one word of love to the schoolmistress. 1952 T. Armstrong Adam Brunskill iv. 123 Richard Blenkiron, as master of ceremonies, addressed a few serious and extremely audible words to the central figure. 1990 A. Wilkinson Uncommitted Crime in Riverkeeper (1991) 139 The Indians would greet the first salmon to arrive as if it were a chief paying a visit and address speeches to it. †b. intransitive. To direct spoken words to (also toward) a person or audience. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > address someone [verb (intransitive)] to call on ——a1400 to call upon ——c1405 address1608 speech1826 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear i. 180 My L. of Burgundie, we first addres towards you. View more context for this quotation 1661 G. Havers tr. M. de Scudéry Clelia V. ii. 146 I address to you, to advertise you that Sextus will carry you away by violence, if you do not take care to prevent it. c. transitive (reflexive). To direct one's words to. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > address [verb (reflexive)] address1665 1665 J. Spencer Disc. Vulgar Prophecies iii. 53 in Disc. Prodigies (ed. 2) God addrest him to men in more natural and familiar ways. 1743 H. Fielding Journey from this World i. ix. 70 A Croud of Spirits now joined us... I now saw Achilles and Ulysses addressing themselves to Homer, and Æneas and Julius Cæsar to Virgil. 1775 F. Burney Jrnl. 3 Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 101 Mr. Bruce was quite the Thing; he addressed himself with great gallantry to us all alternately. 1817 Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 568 He addressed himself principally to his friends on his right and left, and in so inaudible a voice that his remarks did not reach the gallery. 1896 A. Cahan Yekl vi. 120 ‘One might as well talk to the wall as to her!’ she proceeded, actually addressing herself to the opposite wall of her kitchen, and referring to her interlocutrice in the third person. 1926 D. L. Sayers Clouds of Witness xi. 205 To the grumpy ostler who took the horse Peter, with his most companionable manner, addressed himself. 1973 G. Rose Clear Road to Archangel 35 The old josser..addressed himself to me. In German. 2002 I. Knight Don't you want Me? xi. 156 ‘Excellent wine list,’ says Rupert, butchly addressing himself to Frank, who looks up grumpily. d. transitive. To direct spoken words to (a person); to speak directly to. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > speak to or address [verb (transitive)] speakc950 beclepec1220 enreason1297 saluec1300 calla1325 clepe1362 to speak on ——?1370 salutec1380 to call upon ——c1405 escry1483 assaya1522 treatc1540 accost1567 encounter1578 bespeaka1593 affront1598 parley1611 address1683 chin-chin1817 chat1898 1683 T. D'Urfey New Coll. Songs 53 Sly Tony made hast to address him, And swore none so Loyal as he. 1716 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad II. v. 518 And, calling Venus, thus addrest his Child. 1760 C. Johnstone Chrysal I. i. iii. 13 He addressed me in these words; words which dear experience has now printed deeply on my heart. 1834 T. De Quincey Cæsars in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 962/1 The custom was..that the candidate should address every voter by his name. 1870 Daily News 1 Oct. 6/2 Yonder sergeant of Zouaves..comes promptly to attention when an officer addresses him. 1887 A. Nicols Wild Life & Adventure 135 The overseer entered into conversation with a white-haired old man, addressing him in the native language. 1925 J. Street in B. C. Williams O. Henry Prize Stories (1926) 6 The lady..turned and addressed him, saying: ‘If you wish to smoke, it will not in the least trouble me.’ 2003 Independent 17 Dec. i. 1/5 Addressing him directly, she said: ‘I am so delighted that His Royal Highness came from Saudia Arabia.’ 4. †a. transitive (reflexive). To apply in speech to a person; (also with little or no implication of speech) to appeal to a person, esp. for something. Cf. address n. 2b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > [verb (reflexive)] > appeal reportc1425 address1567 apply1591 ply1668 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. f. 215^v He addressed him to one of his neighbors..whom he so coniured with the charme of his pleasant tounge..that shee promised to become the solicitor of his cause. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. iii. f.42^v Afterwardes he addressed hymselfe to the other, and went about by many pleasant deuises to make him vnderstand. 1654 R. Codrington tr. Justinus Hist. iv. 77 In a most slovenly and deformed posture, to move compassion, did address themselves to the Assembly. 1705 R. Blackmore Eliza ii. 51 Those who their Nuptial Honour have betray'd, Address themselves to her, to give them Aid. 1792 T. Holcroft Anna St. Ives VII. 232 It is at present the sole study of Mr. Henley, which way best to address himself to a heart and understanding so capable of generous sensations, and noble energies. 1824 J. H. Payne Two Sons-in-law i My son, aid him—There was a time when I might myself have fulfilled so enviable a duty; but now, I am compelled to address myself to you. 1849 F. H. Doyle tr. Sophocles Oedipus, King of Thebes 27 All who Ask aught of thee, address themselves to me, Since through my favour comes success in all. b. transitive. To deliver a formal address to (an audience, a meeting, etc.); (also) to appeal to or seek to persuade by means of a speech or oration. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speech-making > deliver (a speech) [verb (transitive)] > address with a speech address1724 speech1818 speechify1862 1724 M. Concanen Misc. Poems 26 At length Old Hobbinol the Crowd address'd, And Words like these, with sounding Voice express'd. 1783 H. Cowley Which is the Man? v. ii Coming down from the Top [of the room], addressing the Company. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. II. 280 It was now the presiding Judge's turn to address the jury. He did so briefly and distinctly. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. vi. 208 He now addressed the House of Peers for the first time. 1870 Crown Hist. Eng. 818 Mr. Hunt began to address the assembly amidst a profound silence. 1906 N.Y. Evening Post 8 Sept. (Sat. Suppl.) 1 When he was called upon to address the conference he got a rip~roaring welcome. 1966 Guardian 11 Aug. 8/2 Pictures not only of the member addressing the House..but of other members reacting to his speech. 2006 New Yorker 17 Apr. 64/3 The evangelical megachurch pastor Rick Warren also addressed the gathering in Pittsburgh. 5. †a. intransitive. With to. To court a person; esp. to pay court to a woman with a view to marriage, to woo. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > courtship or wooing > court or engage in courtship [verb (intransitive)] to make love1567 address1677 to keep company (with)1725 suitor1777 spark1807 pitch1903 to pitch (the) woo1935 1677 W. Smith Two Serm. preached at Norwich 34 God then restored him..when the Usurpers were grown so considerable, as to be courted and addressed to, by several neighbouring Princes. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 118. ⁋2 The Lady is addressed to, presented and flattered, only by Proxy, in her Woman. 1713 R. Steele in Guardian 2 May 1/1 A Man of greater Fortune than she could expect would Address to her upon honourable Terms. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xxxix Miss Clements is addressed to by a Yorkshire gentleman. b. transitive. To make romantic advances to (a woman); to court, to woo. Now archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > courtship or wooing > court or woo [verb (transitive)] wooc1290 court1580 suitc1586 accourt1590 suitor1672 address1700 gallantize1728 philander1787 to stick up1830 spark1888 romance1931 lumber1938 1700 J. Hopkins Amasia III. ii. 105 (title of poem) To a Gentleman, whose Life was indanger'd by his Endeavouring to address a Lady in a Sphere above him. 1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals iii. v. 57 To prevent the confusion that might arise..from our both addressing the same lady..I shall expect the honour of your company..to settle our pretensions..in King's Mead Fields. 1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park III. i. 19 You may live eighteen years longer..without being addressed by a man of half Mr. Crawford's estate. View more context for this quotation 1835 Fraser's Mag. 12 68/1 It appears that when little more than a girl, she had been addressed by a young gentleman abroad. 1927 G. S. Doyle Old Time Songs & Poetry Newfoundland 68 If you address my daughter, I'll send her far away, And she never will return again, While you're in Logy Bay. 2006 N. K. Abrams Spy's Reward 107 If, after we have returned to London,..you should wish to address my daughter, I would not object. 6. Politics. a. intransitive. To present a formal argument or declaration for or against a person, cause, etc.; to petition. Cf. address n. 2c. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > petition or appeal for suea1393 wooc1440 address1679 1679 W. Douglas Matter Admin. Affairs in Scotl. 3 He hath upon all occasions spoken of the House of Commons with the greatest contempt and..said, if they would Address against him, he would fart against them. 1704 Addr. 31 Mar. in Compl. Coll. State Trials (1816) XIV. 966 Thus far these instances may be of use, to shew by what steps the Commons rose to this way of addressing against the House of Lords. 1757 D. Hume Hist. Great Brit. II. 235 The Commons..addressed against the King's guards, which they represented as dangerous to liberty, and even as illegal, since they never had yet received the sanction of Parliament. 1802 Parl. Reg. III. 239 When uses are found out, such as were neither voted nor addressed for, it is a misapplication of the public money. a1868 Ld. Brougham Life & Times (1872) III. xxi. 81 Another difficulty was the probability of the Commons addressing against dissolution, in which the Lords would certainly have joined. 2006 C. A. Whatley Scots & Union ix. 351 Presbyterians..would not concur in anything that made the king ‘uneasy’, including addressing against the union. b. transitive. To present a formal declaration or argument to (a monarch, minister, or legislative body); to petition. Cf. address n. 2c. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > petition procurea1387 motion1476 solicit1530 supplication1593 supplicate1601 petition1607 petitionate1624 move1633 address1698 bill1722 1698 D. Jones Compl. Hist. Europe 1676–97 219 The Commons debated it, and addrest the King to turn out the Popish Officers. 1701 D. Defoe Memorial Addressing the King to displace his Friends upon bare Surmises, before a Legal Tryal or Article prov'd, is Illegal. 1714 J. Collier Eccl. Hist. Great Brit. II. vii. 622/2 The Archbishop..address'd the Queen for a Pardon. 1723 T. Salmon Chronol. Historian 267/2 The Commons addressed her Majesty to bestow a Bounty on the Soldiers and Seamen for their Bravery. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. viii. 114 The house of commons addressed the king, to send an embassador forthwith. 1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. II. xi. 244 The commons..instantly addressed the king to disband his army. 1862 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 3) xv. 238 An obsequious assembly, which addressed him to take the title of King. 1904 O. Airy Charles II (new ed.) iv. 314 Both Houses addressed the King to recall the troops serving in the French army. 2004 J. K. Clark Whig's Progr. vi. 68 The Commons addressed the king to intervene on the side of William and his confederates. c. transitive. U.S. With out (of office). To force out of office (a judge) by means of a petition to the executive. Cf. address n. 2e. Now historical. ΚΠ 1822 Missouri Intelligencer 2 July 3/2 If any of the judges have corruptly discharged their duties, impeach them. If they are incompetent, address them out. 1874 L. Collins & R. H. Collins Hist. Sketches Kentucky (rev. ed.) I. 27 David Ballengall, an assistant judge..[was] ‘addressed’ out of office, because a Scotchman unnaturalized. 1887 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 3 Apr. 4/2 The Senate's action today in refusing to pass the house concurrent resolution addressing Judge Willis out of office. 1912 E. P. Johnson Hist. Kentucky & Kentuckians I. 240 The legislature had attempted to ‘address’ Judge Clark out of office and had failed. 7. transitive. To speak or write to (a person) as (a specified name or title); to call by (a particular name). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > naming > give a name to [verb (transitive)] > address by name beclepec1220 compellatea1638 address1796 1796 M. G. Lewis Monk II. v. 170 If the sanction of your relations authorises your addressing her as your wife, my doors fly open to you. 1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. 118 The slaves address him as Sieur (lord). 1852 R. Cecil Diary 31 Mar. (1935) 36 When the diggers address a policeman in uniform they always call him ‘Sir’, but they always address a fellow in a blue shirt with a carbine as ‘Mate’. 1888 E. A. T. W. Budge in Proc. Soc. Biblical Archæol. 10 554 On the Tell el-Amarna tablets Amenophis III is addressed by his prenomen. 1910 A. Bennett Clayhanger ii. i. 153 The young man's name was Stifford, and he was addressed as ‘Stiff’. 1954 T. S. Eliot Confidential Clerk iii. 120 In order to avoid any danger of confusion You may address me as Aunt Elizabeth. 1976 Debrett's Correct Form (rev. ed.) vi. 353 A Senator's wife is addressed as Mrs. Doolittle. 2001 J. Chance Lord of Rings: Mythol. of Power 120 Gollum addresses himself as Smeagol, the name of his better..side. 8. transitive (chiefly in passive). Computing. To specify a location in (memory) or the location of (data) by means of an address (address n. 6c), with a view to transferring data; to access (a file, database, etc.) in this way. Cf. access v.² 2. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > programming language > program or code > [verb (transitive)] > specify location address1953 society > computing and information technology > data > database > use data [verb (transitive)] > store > locate in memory address1953 map1971 1953 Proc. IRE 41 1415/1 Core #7 in all ten decade switches is excited if the 7th line in every digit subplane is to be addressed. 1976 New Scientist 15 Jan. 120 The size of control task is limited only by the amount of memory which can be addressed. 1982 Sci. Amer. Feb. 59/2 The chips are random-access memories, or RAM's, meaning that each memory cell of the chip can be addressed independently. 2007 K. R. Irvine Assembly Lang. Intel-based Computers (ed. 5) ii. 37 It..used a segmented memory model permitting programs to address up to 1MB of RAM. II. To set in order; to make ready or make right. †9. transitive. To right what is wrong; to redress (wrongs), reform (abuses). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > put right (a wrong or loss) winc1220 righta1275 astorec1300 addressa1325 reform1405 dressc1410 redressa1413 arightc1420 refound1497 richa1500 redub1531 repair1533 to make good1569 reducec1592 remend1592 to set up1610 to get up1688 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xli. 107 Þre kniȝttes þat bez assignede þoruout alle schiren for to adresse þe þinges þat bez idon aȝen þe Grete Chartrene. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. lxxx. [lxxvi.] 238 I say not this to you, bycause ye sholde addresse my wrongs..by hym ye maye be addressed of all your complayntes. ?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses v. 72 Vlysses shall with his returne addresse His wooers wrongs. 1822 Alfred the Great i. v. 22 To see their wrongs address'd, to scourge the Danes, To raise again the smiling form of peace. †10. a. transitive. To clothe or attire (a person), esp. for a special purpose or occasion; (also) to clothe (a person) in a particular garment or type of apparel, to array. Cf. dress v. 23a(a). Obsolete.In quot. 1629 with garment as subject. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] wrya901 clothec950 shride971 aturnc1220 begoa1225 array1297 graith1297 agraithc1300 geara1325 cleadc1325 adightc1330 apparel1362 back1362 shape1362 attirea1375 parela1375 tirea1375 rayc1390 addressa1393 coverc1394 aguisea1400 scredea1400 shrouda1400 bedightc1400 buskc1400 harnessc1400 hatterc1400 revesta1449 able1449 dressa1450 reparel?c1450 adub?1473 endue?a1475 afaite1484 revestera1500 beclothe1509 trimc1516 riga1535 invest1540 vesture1555 suit1577 clad1579 investure1582 vest1582 deck1587 habit1594 to make ready1596 caparison1597 skin1601 shadow1608 garment1614 riga1625 raiment1656 garb1673 equip1695 to fit out1722 encase1725 tog1793 trick1821 to fig out1825 enclothe1832 toilet1842 to get up1858 habilitate1885 tailor1885 kit1919 the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > equip or outfit frameOE dightc1275 fayc1275 graith1297 attire1330 purveyc1330 shapec1330 apparel1366 harnessc1380 ordaina1387 addressa1393 array1393 pare1393 feata1400 point1449 reparel?c1450 provide1465 fortify1470 emparel1480 appoint1490 deck?15.. equip1523 trim1523 accoutre1533 furnish1548 accommodate1552 fraught1571 suit1572 to furnish up1573 to furnish out1577 rig1579 to set out1585 equipage1590 outreik1591 befit1598 to furnish forth1600 fita1616 to fit up1670 outrig1681 to fit out1722 mount?1775 outfit1798 habilitate1824 arm1860 to fake out1871 heel1873 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > with specific garments > other wimple?c1225 pricka1275 clothe1382 addressa1393 haspc1400 to-cloutc1430 shirtc1450 gownc1485 tuft1535 passement1539 kerchief1600 muff1607 inshirt1611 insmock1611 mode1656 costume1802 slop1803 shawl1812 cravat1818 sur-invest1827 frock1828 pinafore1843 smock1847 panoply1851 underclothe1857 upholster1873 fancy dress1878 sleeve1887 to suit up1912 crinoline1915 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 1722 (MED) As he hire couthe best adresce—In ragges, as sche was, totore—He set hire on his hors tofore. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vi. 118 Þar renge, þar scepter and þar crownys..ar dewotly blest, Or thai in to thaim be addrest. 1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados iv. iv. 40 [He] vmquhyle thaym, gan balmyng and anoynt And into gold, addres at ful gud poynt. 1567 J. Jewel Def. Apol. Churche Eng. 349 Tecla sometime addressed her selfe in Mans apparell. 1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres v. xxxi. sig. Bb2 When fayre Europa sate With many goodly Diadems addrest. 1626 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VIII. O.T. xxi. 450 That soule which should be addressed a fit Bride for thine holy and glorious Maiestie. 1629 F. Quarles Argalus & Parthenia ii. 77 A Pilgrims weed her liuelesse limmes addrest From hand to foot. b. transitive. To put on (a garment); to don. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > put on to do oneOE graitha1375 puta1382 to take on1389 to let falla1400 takea1400 to put on?a1425 endow1484 addressa1522 to get on1549 to draw on1565 don1567 to pull on1578 dight1590 sumpterc1595 to get into ——1600 on with1600 array1611 mount1785 to cast on1801 endoss1805 endue1814 ship1829 a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xi. x. 2 Turnus hym self, als fers as ony gleid, Ful bissely addressyt on his weid. 1835 R. Browning Paracelsus iii. 106 I have address'd a frock of heavy mail. c. transitive. To arrange or style (hair). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify (the hair) [verb (transitive)] dressa1400 cherish1519 addressa1522 barbera1616 do1750 coif1835 coiffure1906 a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) x. xiii. 178 Hys ȝallow lokis brycht, That ayr war kemmyt and addressyt rycht. 1598 B. Yong tr. J. de Montemayor Diana 157 Kembe and adresse (louely Shepherdesse) thy silke soft haire. †11. transitive. To set to rights; to order, arrange; spec. to cause to line up (a body of troops). Cf. dress v. 7a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrange [verb (transitive)] stightc825 fadec1020 orderc1225 adightc1275 dightc1275 castc1320 raila1350 form1362 stightlea1375 rayc1380 informa1382 disposea1387 throwc1390 addressa1393 shifta1400 rengea1425 to set forth?c1450 rule1488 rummage1544 marshalc1547 place1548 suit1552 dispone1558 plat1587 enrange1590 draw1663 range1711 arrange1791 to lay out1848 society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > draw up (troops) > in battle array setc1275 host1297 ordainc1300 devisec1325 battle1330 arraya1375 stuffc1390 addressa1393 embattle1393 fit?a1400 stedilla1400 fewterc1440 to pitch (also set) a fielda1500 order1509 pitcha1513 deraign1528 marshal1543 re-embattle1590 size1802 form1816 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 4882 (MED) Hou hir yelwe her was tresced And hire atir so wel adresced. a1460 tr. Dicts & Sayings Philosophers (Helm.) (1999) 113 (MED) Adresse youreself and correcte youreself, and thann do your peyne to amende and correcte othir. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiv. 263 His men addressit [1489 Adv. dressyt] he thame agane. 1598 R. Barnfield Remembrance Eng. Poets in Encomion Lady Pecunia sig. E2^v The rest; Whose stately Numbers are so well addrest. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 445 Put to their shifts, and forced for to addresse themselues, and range a nauall battell in order. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 123 The spitefull Scorpion next the Skale adrest, With two bright Lampes couers his loathsome brest. †12. a. transitive. To order or arrange for a particular purpose; to prepare, make ready. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] yarec888 yarkc1000 graithc1175 readya1225 biredienc1275 to make yarec1290 forgraitha1300 adightc1330 buskc1330 purveyc1330 agraith1340 disposec1375 before-graithea1382 to forge and filec1381 to make readya1382 devisec1385 bounc1390 buss?a1400 address?a1425 parel?a1425 to get upc1425 providec1425 prepare1449 bakec1450 aready1470 arm?a1505 prevenea1522 get?1530 to get ready1530 to get ready1530 to set in readiness1575 apply1577 compose1612 predy1627 make1637 to dispose of1655 do1660 fallowa1764 to line up1934 prep1936 tee1938 ?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford Chron. (1940) l. 20786 (MED) Þar cites neve þai adreste, Castells and haldes þai made neve, Adrest qwar þai defautes kneve. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Paris & Vienne (1957) 34 Eche departed fro other for tadresse suche thynges as to them shold be necessarye. a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 103 (MED) Þat he be entendant to enquere tidynges of all þinges þat mowe comforte subgitz, & to adresse þaire werkys, & do hem solas in aduersyte. 1560 Queen Elizabeth I in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) II. 265 We will that you shall from time to time address several Schedules containing the names of all such hable Scholers. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 84 The Ele being killed & addressed in wine whosoeuer chaunceth to drinke of that wine so vsed, shall euer after lothe wine. 1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades v. 730 And Hebe, she proceeds T' address her chariot. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 5 Our nauie is addrest, our power collected. View more context for this quotation 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 394 They were accordingly addressed for their execution upon the third part of the inhabitants. 1762 T. Godfrey Court of Fancy in Specimens Amer. Poetry (1829) I. 99 See flowery orators with out-stretched hand Addressed to speak, in glowing marble stand! b. transitive (reflexive). To make ready; esp. to prepare oneself to do something or for a particular purpose. Cf. sense 17. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (reflexive)] yarec888 yarkc1000 graithc1230 dightc1275 to make yarec1290 arrayc1320 tirec1330 agraith1340 buska1350 readya1350 dressc1350 shapec1374 disposec1375 ordainc1380 rayc1380 makec1390 bouna1400 updressa1400 fettlec1400 address1447 ettlec1450 aready1470 to make oneself forth1488 busklea1555 poise1639 arrange1865 1447 in J. Robertson Illustr. Topogr. & Antiq. Aberdeen & Banff. (1862) IV. 197 We adres vs..to visy the said partis. 1568 Scott i. 179 Ȝung gentilmen for dansing thame addres. 1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 117 He..did addresse himself for the stroke of death. 1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 201 He addressed himself to go over the River. View more context for this quotation 1761 H. Brooke Earl of Essex v. 76 The earl, as he address'd him to the block, Requested but the time to write these lines. 1762 G. Cockings War iii. 18 With collected ire, Saw him again, address himself to fight; Hew; and tread down; and put the foe to flight. 1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II ii. lxviii. 95 When he did address Himself to quit at length this mountain land. 1825 E. Irving Jrnl. 29 Nov. in M. Oliphant Life E. Irving (1862) I. xi. 368 I returned home about seven, and addressed myself to write my action sermon. 1855 W. H. Foote Sketches of Virginia 554 When he saw it was his Lord's will that he should now depart, he bowed in submission and addressed himself for the last act of life. c. intransitive. To prepare oneself. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare or get ready [verb (intransitive)] buskc1330 agraith1340 to make readya1382 arraya1387 providec1425 prepare1517 addressa1522 apparel1523 bouna1525 buckle1563 to make frecka1572 fettle?c1600 fix1716 to set into ——1825 to show foot1825 ready1878 to fang a pump, (loosely) a well1883 prep1900 to get (oneself) organized1926 to sharpen one's pencil1957 a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. iv. 2 Sibillais commandment Ene addressis perform incontinent. a1616 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida (1623) iv. v. 146 Let vs addresse to tend on Hectors heeles. 1678 E. Howard Man of Newmarket sig. A. 2 (stage-direct.) Enter Prologue at one Door; and just as he addresses to speak, enter Shatteril and Haines at t'other. III. To send or guide (a person, etc.) in a particular direction; to dispatch or refer to. †13. transitive. To give direction to (a person, a person's course), esp. in a helpful or corrective manner; to guide, redirect. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > [verb (transitive)] > guide wieldeOE steera1000 wisc1000 wiseOE turnc1175 kenc1200 conduec1330 dressc1330 govern1340 addressc1350 guidea1400 conducec1475 conduct1481 rectifya1500 besteer1603 helm1607 engineer1831 beacon1835 c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) v. 9 (MED) Lade me, Lord, in þy ryȝtfulnes..adresce [L. dirige] my way in þy siȝt. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 417/2 I am nowe out of the waye, who shall nowe adresse me? 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxv. 96 Entering into the little wood, he heard the sound of a bell, which addressed him to another Hermitage, far richer then that wherein we were the day before. 14. †a. transitive (reflexive). To direct one's course, make one's way; to betake oneself. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (reflexive)] turnc1175 stretcha1225 bowc1275 steer1399 straighta1400 ready?a1425 purposec1425 address1436 applya1450 shape1480 make1488 aima1500 bound1821 1436–7 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) V. 418 (MED) Ye woll adresse you & goo personelly to everyche of the townes. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 39 He addressid him on that parte where he sawe the banyer royall. a1525 ( J. C. Nichols Chron. Rebellion Lincs. 9 in Camden Misc. (1847) I (MED) The king..drew hym to felde and addressed hym towardes Stanford. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 124 Into Italie, whether warde he bothe addressed him selfe with all speede. 1607 in C. Innes Registrum Honoris de Morton (1853) I. 192 We..desyre you..with all convenient speid to address your self hither. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre ii. iii. 46 Such Pilgrimes as were disposed to return, addressed themselves for their countrey. b. transitive. Chiefly poetic. To direct or turn (one's steps, etc.) to (also toward) a destination. rare and archaic in later use. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] stretcha1225 turnc1275 ready?a1400 seta1400 incline?c1400 apply?a1425 raika1500 rechec1540 make1548 address1554 frame1576 bend1579 to shape one's course1593 intend1596 tend1611 direct1632 steer1815 1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 2358 in Wks. (1931) I Sum to Iuno..Thair pilgramage thay wald addres. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. iv. 15 Therefore good youth, addresse thy gate vnto her. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 496 So spake the Enemie of Mankind..and toward Eve Address'd his way. View more context for this quotation 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey III. xiii. 19 Then all their steps addrest To sep'rate mansions. 1776 J. Beattie Poems Several Occasions 72 What now remains? To what recess Shall we our weary steps address. 1902 J. Payne Poet. Wks. I. 48 Then with slow feet they did address Their further steps..Toward the temple of the Grail. †15. a. transitive. To direct or refer (a person) to another; (also) to introduce. Also reflexive: to present or introduce oneself to. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > use courteous action or expression [verb (reflexive)] > introduce oneself acquaintc1325 address1477 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 14 I pray yow if ye knowe ony in this contre that hit may plese yow to adresse me to them. ?1566–7 G. Buchanan Opinion Reformation Univ. St. Andros in Vernacular Writings (1892) 8 The scholaris that cumis of new sal addresse thayme to the principal. 1651 Royall Story sig. *5 [He] expresseth a great desire..to offer Her Majesty his service, which they very readily encourage him in, and addresse him to some of Her Majesties servants. 1660 J. Evelyn Mem.* (1857) I. 355 I addressed him to Lord Mordaunt. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 167 He was addressed first to the Earl of Clarendon. 1850 tr. L. A. Cahagnet Celestial Telegraph (2003) 73 In heaven he is in societies that follow such pursuits, and for that reason I addressed him to you. 1883 F. Nightingale Let. 30 July in Coll. Wks. (2004) VI. 569 Hearing of your return, I have addressed him to you. Please keep him straight about cholera. b. transitive. To consign or entrust the care of (a ship) to an agent, factor, etc. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1796 Let. 20 Apr. in C. Robinson Rep. High Court Admiralty (1802) 3 86 I have, therefore, been obliged to leave it to captain Joy to address the ship to such house at Surinam as he should find would transact his business. 1828 D. Hughes Treat. Law Insurance (1833) i. v. 105 If the insured fraudulently procure the broker to give credit to him..by representing that the ship shall be addressed to the broker, and that he shall receive the freight, and the insured afterwards address the ship to another person, the insured will be answerable to the underwriter. 1854 Ship Captain's Guide 29 Do not agree to address the ship to Charterers' Agents at the port of discharge; it will incur brokerage. 1889 Times 30 July 3/3 The buyer to adopt the charter-party and the ship to be addressed to him. 16. transitive. To cause to travel to (also towards); to send, aim; to dispatch. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > transference > sending > send [verb (transitive)] i-send971 sendOE address1577 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 349/2 in Chron. I King Edward addressed his Orators into Scotland. 1599 Queen Elizabeth I Let. 27 Dec. in Gentleman's Mag. (1860) Jan. 139 Besides certeyn nombres of fotemen alredy addressed towards our frontiers we do presently determyn to sende a nombre of horsmen. 1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads 159 Paris..To him an arrow unperceiv'd addrest. 1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama x. 107 The shaft, unerringly addrest, Unerring flew, and smote Ereenia's breast. 1841 W. G. Simms Kinsmen I. xix. 241 His left arm was tightly clasped about the form of Clarence, while his right..addressed a blow at the heart of the latter. 1925 F. M. Ford No More Parades ii. i. 154 No, never again for me, father, she addressed her voice towards the ceiling. 1960 E. P. C. Cotter Tackle Croquet this Way iv. 27 I address Blue and roquet Black..to a position 2 feet below and slightly right of 1. IV. To turn or orientate (something); to turn to face, confront. 17. a. transitive (reflexive). To direct one's skill or energies to some task, goal, or purpose; to devote oneself. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake or apply oneself [verb (reflexive)] atil1297 putc1300 addressa1393 richc1400 steadc1475 embark1584 familiarize1593 the world > action or operation > cause to operate [verb (transitive)] > put in effective operation yieldc1315 underbear1382 to put forthc1390 showa1398 apply?c1400 to put outc1400 exercisec1405 to put toc1410 employ?1473 enforce1490 exerce1535 adhibit?1538 addict1562 endeavour?1575 work1591 address1598 to give stream to?1611 to lay out1651 exsert1665 exert1682 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 4988 (MED) He, which al him hadde adresced To lust, tok thanne what him liste. c1525 J. Skelton Against Scottes 89 And now to begyn I will me adres, To you rehersyng the somme of my proces. ?a1534 H. Medwall Nature sig. a.ii My selfe addresse to do hys hygh pleasurs. 1598 E. Ford Parismus vi. sig. F Parismus, and the rest of the companie, addressed themselues to that pastime. 1601 Bp. W. Barlow Serm. Paules Crosse Martij 1600 Pref. 3 The addressing my selfe to this sermon. 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 348 The captive Jewes..shall soone addresse themselves to their returne. 1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. i. 6 To address yourself to the Work of improving your reasoning Powers. 1816 J. Wilson City of Plague i. iv. 30 We may address ourselves to revelry. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 67 These men addressed themselves to the task of subverting the treasurer's power. 1853 Knickerbocker Apr. 375 Now and then he looks up recognizingly,..yawns slowly..and again addresses himself to sleep. 1937 W. Lewis Revenge for Love v. ii. 230 Filled with new and peculiar suspicions, she addressed herself to a fresh cross-examination. 1972 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 91 248 The last chapter addresses itself to a comparison of mechanical and electrolytical polishing methods. 2002 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 24 Oct. 3/1 Speer addressed himself to the..crisis in munitions production, accusing the assembled Gauleiters of sabotaging his program. †b. intransitive. To direct one's efforts towards a particular goal; to endeavour to do something. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake or set oneself to do [verb (intransitive)] found12.. to take on (also upon) one(self)a1300 assay1330 study1340 to put (also lay, set, etc.) one's hand to the ploughc1384 intendc1385 pressc1390 to put oneself in pressc1390 gatherc1400 undertakec1405 sayc1425 to fall in hand with (also to do (something))c1450 setc1485 obligea1500 essay?1515 attend1523 supprise1532 to set in foot1542 enterprise1547 address1548 to set in hand1548 prove1612 to make it one's businessa1628 engage1646 embark1647 bend1694 to take hold1868 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xix. p. cliii The dyscyples departed, they founde the colte tyed, they addresse to looce hym. 1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 9 Which I shall forthwith addresse to prove. 1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey II. vi. 131 But Pallas now addrest To break the bands of all-composing rest. c. transitive. To take on as a topic for discussion or inquiry, or as a problem to be solved; to deal with, tackle, or confront. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > occupy or engage (a person) [verb (transitive)] > conduct (an affair) > deal with (a matter) takec1175 speedc1374 handc1440 to deal with1469 deduce1528 deal1586 wield1595 cope with1641 tractate1657 handlea1774 job1825 absorb1826 address1838 1838 Lit. Gaz. 26 May 322/2 After the splendid work of Mr. Savage Landor in the Imaginary Conversations of Shakspere, it was an especially daring attempt to address the subject. 1889 B. Quaritch Coll. Facsimiles Bk.-binding 17 After the preliminary general remarks offered above, it is time to address the subject in its particular bearings. 1918 Times 12 Dec. 9/2 One of the chief assets of this country in addressing the problem of the restoration of British shipping to its pre-war prosperity is the technical knowledge and long experience of experts. 1980 San Francisco Bay Guardian 16–23 Oct. 13/5 Polydrug treatment program addresses the needs of women who use and abuse mood-altering drugs. 2008 Scotsman (Nexis) 25 Apr. 24 By focusing principally on the issue of physical viability, doctors have in some ways failed to address the heart of the matter: the foetus's ‘human’ viability. †18. transitive. To turn (a thing) to an object or purpose. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. xiv. sig. d. 1 The axe doeth nothynge but cutte, And he that holdeth it addressith it to what parte he wylle. 1668 T. Douglas tr. J. Porrée Vitis Degeneris 75 Some Hereticks affect to retain the use of this same Vnction, though now vacated of its pristine efficacy, addressing it to another end. †19. a. transitive (reflexive). To straighten oneself; to stand up or upright. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > upright or erect posture > assume upright or erect position [verb (reflexive)] stretchc1325 to pull upa1393 sustainc1405 address1483 to draw up1751 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. lxxxvij/2 The first day that he was wasshen and bayned he addressid hym right vp in the basyn. 1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. iii. i. 116 He arose, remaining bended in the midst of the way, like unto a Turkish Bow, without being able to address himself. b. transitive. To set up, raise. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre 300 To carry Ladders and such Engines, to addresse and reare them to the breach. 1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. C4 She..like a goodly beacon high addrest. 20. a. transitive. To point or orientate to (also towards); to turn towards, face. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > opposite position > be opposite (something) [verb (transitive)] > place facing address1483 to face (a person) with1583 front1617 confront1627 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. cciiij^v/1 My crosse shall shewe my hede to therth, and adresse my feet to heuen. 1843 C. Dickens Christmas Carol in Dublin Rev. Dec. 519 The curtains of his bed were drawn aside... Not the curtains at his feet, nor the curtains at his back, but those to which his face was addressed. 1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son xxxiii. 230 They were a little surprised at first to see..a round-headed lad, with his chubby face addressed towards the sky. 1979 P. Anthony Source of Magic x. 205 The centaur faced about so that his better half addressed the wall in question. Then he kicked. 2006 C. O. Hurst Torchlight ix. 114 ‘Address your partner,’ Mr. Dewey called out, and the music began again. b. intransitive. To be orientated; to point (in a straight line). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > point or lie in a direction [verb (intransitive)] goeOE wendOE runOE stretchc1400 strike1456 extend1481 point?1518 address1523 passc1550 tend1574 trend1598 conduce1624 direct1665 verge1726 shape1769 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxii. 237 All Iles addressing to the landes..we helde in the tyme of the sayd treatye. 21. transitive. Golf. Take up a stance and place the club behind (the ball) in preparation for hitting it. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > golf > play golf [verb (transitive)] > address the ball address1867 waggle1897 1773 in C. B. Clapcott Rules of Golf (1935) 24 Every Golfer addressing himself to his Ball.] 1867 Cornhill Mag. Apr. 494 The moment [a golfer] begins to ‘address’ his ball, as it is called, he expects that as a matter of course, everybody near him will become dumb and motionless. 1886 H. G. Hutchinson Hints on Golf 17 Golfers have gone so far as to instruct their caddies to say to them, ‘Slow back,’ so as to keep them in mind of this precept each time they addressed themselves to drive the ball.] 1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 464 In taking aim or addressing the ball, it is the almost invariable practice to pass or flourish the club head a few times backwards and forwards over the top of the ball in the direction of the proposed stroke. 1909 P. A. Vaile Mod. Golf 27 Nearly all professionals, when addressing their ball for the put, sole the putter in front of the ball. 2005 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 18 July 23 You know you're gripping your driver too tight, while addressing the ball, when the clubhead doubles its size. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1477v.a1325
随便看	dulcitamine dulcitan dulcitanide dulcite dulcitol dulcitone dulcitones dulcitude dulcity dulcoacid dulcoamare dulcorate dulcorated dulcorateed dulcorateing dulcorates dulcorating dulcoration dulcorous dulcose dulcour dule duledge dules dulia