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单词 unmask
释义

unmaskv.

Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnˈmɑːsk/, /(ˌ)ʌnˈmask/, U.S. /ˌənˈmæsk/
Forms: 1500s–1600s vnmaske, 1500s– unmask, 1600s unmaske, 1600s vnmasque, 1600s–1700s unmasque.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: un- prefix2, mask n.3; un- prefix2, mask v.4
Etymology: Partly < un- prefix2 + mask n.3, and partly (especially in senses 3a and 4) < un- prefix2 + mask v.4Compare Dutch ontmasken (1645), German entmasken (1696 or earlier).
1.
a. intransitive and transitive (reflexive). To take off a mask; to reveal one's face by removing a mask, veil, or other covering.In quot. 1683 in figurative context.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > undressing or removing clothing > undress or remove clothing [verb (intransitive)] > remove specific garments > headgear
disvisor1548
capa1555
unmask1562
vail1597
off-capa1616
unbonnet1810
uncap1875
uncasque1880
1562 A. Brooke tr. M. Bandello Tragicall Hist. Romeus & Iuliet f. 5v When they had maskd a whyle, with dames in courtly wise: All dyd vnmaske, the rest dyd shew them to theyr ladies eyes.
?1592 Trag. Solyman & Perseda sig. B3v But now vnmaske thy selfe, that we may see, What warlike wrinckles time hath charactered, With ages print vpon thy warlike face.
1611 G. Chapman May-day v. 74 Quint. O no, you must not vnmaske. Innoc. No, no, Ile kisse her with my maske and all.
1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 2 At the first sight of me, you all unmasque, and appear in more lively colours.
1696 T. Scott Mock-marriage iv. i. 42 (stage direction) She unmasques her self.
1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 349 A female bed-fellow, who never unmasks till she comes into the bed-chamber.
1818 Lady Morgan in Passages from Autobiogr. (1859) 299 I was obliged to unmask from the heat, and soon got a crowd about me.
1855 J. S. Coyne Secret Agent ii. 30 Well I've given you fair warning, and now I have to request that you will unmask, that I may know my antagonist?
1875 Belgravia Jan. 416 As soon as they were seated, Aïchouna unmasked herself completely, while Haoua merely drew her muslin veil slightly on one side so as to show her face to her friends.
1909 M. L. Ryley Mice & Men iii. 45 (stage direction) Joanna unmasks, and he steps back in surprise.
2007 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 13 July b1 In the mosque, the Overbrook High graduate ‘unmasks’ herself and reveals an expressive face with almond-shaped eyes.
b. transitive. To remove a mask or other covering from (a person's face); to reveal by taking off a mask, veil, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > undressing or removing clothing > undress or remove clothing [verb (transitive)] > strip or undress a person > divest of specific garments > headgear > veil or mask
disshroud1577
unmask1594
discurtain1616
unveil1770
disenshroud1835
1594 Zepheria ii. sig. B1v When I empris'd..The siluer lustre of thy brow t' unmask, Though hath my Muse hyperboliz'd trajections: Yet stands it aye deficient to such task.
1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. iii. 37 The Chariest maide is prodigall enough, If she vnmaske hir beautie to the Moone.
1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 163 The Bridge..was..full of women,..many of which..in a fair deportment unmasqued their faces.
1727 E. Haywood tr. M.-A. de Gomez Belle Assemblée (new ed.) II. 29 The Demand I am about to make..is to follow my Example, and immediately be all unmask'd.
1841 R. W. Emerson Lect. on Times (1844) 72 To-day is a king in disguise... Let us unmask the king as he passes.
1876 J. Saunders Lion in Path xxxvii We must unmask you, pretty Mistress Preston.
1907 J. Conrad Secret Agent xi. 364 He..dragged the veil off, unmasking a still, unreadable face.
2000 New Straits Times (Malaysia) (Nexis) 12 July 5 Omar is followed by the ubiquitous Ejim who, at the right moment, unmasks his face for the terrified Omar to behold.
c. transitive. To remove (a covering of some kind) from the face as if it were a mask. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > uncover or remove covering from [verb (transitive)] > uncover and expose > remove like a mask
unmask1613
1613 Golden Meane 37 To vnmaske the vizour that hides the deformitie of this customarie vilenesse, much guilt is to be laid on the change of the times.
1624 G. Raleigh in E. Farr Sel. Poetry Reign James I (1847) 242 Our tender muse hath labored as she could; Her sable vaile she must of force unmaske.
2.
a. transitive. To reveal, disclose, or uncover (something hidden or obscured); to discover, expose, or reveal the identity of (a person).Frequent as past participle in work titles from the early 17th cent. onwards.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] > the presence or identity of
wrayc1290
discoverc1330
unmask1582
1582 G. Whetstone Heptameron Ciuill Disc. vi. sig. Si In Theologie, he reade those bookes, that cleared the mistes of Ignoraunce, and vnmasked the deceiptes of the superstitious Monkes.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. L3 Vnmaske..this moodie heauinesse, And tell thy griefe. View more context for this quotation
1612 J. Speed Theatre of Empire of Great Brit. i. xlii. 81/2 Since the true God hath vnmasked the errors of those times by the truth of his word.
1621 P. Heylyn Microcosmus 106 Alexander the sixt, setting aside all modesty, was the first that vnmasked his Nephewes, acknowledging them to be his sonnes.
1672 Bp. J. Wilkins Of Princ. Nat. Relig. 44 Time..doth by degrees discover & unmask the fallacy of ungrounded perswasions.
1798 Monthly Mag. 6 552 In unmasking the popular heathenism, and in revealing the immortality of the soul.
1844 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VIII. 241 The accuser..unmasked their conspiracy with Apelles.
1869 J. B. Mozley Univ. Serm. (1876) ii. 43 That judicial mission which was to unmask false goodness.
1873 Cornhill Mag. Mar. 349 Unmasking the villain who has supplanted him with his mistress.
a1901 J. Fiske Ess. Hist. & Literary (1902) i. vi. 262 This bold measure..unmasked the duplicity of the governor.
1917 Washington Post 15 Apr. (Mag. section) 4/2 Internal revenue officers..admit that they are baffled in their efforts to unmask the drug barons in the inner shrine of the dope hierarchy.
1972 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 4 Mar. 587/2 This..suggests that lack of exogenous oral corticosteroid in the blood stream..had unmasked latent allergic symptoms in the nasal mucosa or skin.
2011 Guardian (Nexis) 20 July 34 Most dramatists would be happy with a plot that unmasked skulduggery inside the world's most powerful media organisation.
b. intransitive and transitive (reflexive). To reveal one's true identity, character, intentions, feelings, etc.; to cease to dissemble. Also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or make revelations [verb (intransitive)] > reveal one's true character
unmaska1586
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. xxiii. sig. Dd3v (heading) Zelmane thought-sicke, vnmaskes her selfe.
1598 J. Marston Certaine Satyres i, in Metamorph. Pigmalions Image 28 For shame vnmaske, leaue for to cloke intent, And show thou art vaine-glorious, impudent.
1639 C. Allen tr. Pope Pius II Hist. Eurialus & Lucretia 37 Confident of his loyall integritie, shee reveal'd her dissembled love, and unmask'd her selfe in this Letter.
1668 W. Temple Let. to Ld. Arlington in Wks. (1720) II. 97 They must now suddenly unmask themselves in one way or other, no farther Pretences being left.
1733 P. Shaw tr. F. Bacon Civil Char. Julius Cæsar in Philos. Wks. I. 312 Tho' this was ever his Scheme, and at last put in execution, yet he did not unmask.
1827 O. Oakwood Village Tales 176 When the spirits are up, and all reserve thrown off, the heart unmasks itself.
1868 Atlantic Monthly July 105/1 To him he unmasked, and said boldly that at last he was really in love.
1900 L. Strachey tr. A. Potocka Mem. Countess Potocka iii. 199 At the moment his fortunes ceased Madame Walewska felt at liberty to unmask, and followed the emperor to the Island of Elba.
2012 Slavic Rev. 71 99 Stein responds to his new situation..not by unmasking himself as a Jew, but by engaging in concrete action.
c. transitive. To disclose the true nature of, or reveal the hidden truth about, (a person or thing); to expose as.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)]
unwryc825
unhelec1000
to draw forthc1175
unhillc1200
to bring forth?c1225
unsteekc1250
let witc1275
uncovera1300
wraya1300
knowc1300
barea1325
shrivec1374
unwrapc1374
again-covera1382
nakena1382
outc1390
tellc1390
disclosea1393
cough1393
unhidea1400
unclosec1400
unhaspc1400
bewrayc1405
reveal1409
accusea1413
reveil1424
unlocka1425
unrekec1425
disclude?1440
uncurec1440
utter1444
detect1447
break1463
expose1483
divinec1500
revelate1514
to bring (also put) to light1526
decipher1529
rake1547
rip1549
unshadow1550
to lay to sight1563
uppen1565
unlace1567
unvisor?1571
resign1572
uncloak1574
disshroud1577
spill1577
reap1578
unrip1579
scour1585
unharboura1586
unmask1586
uncase1587
descrya1591
unclasp?1592
unrive1592
discover1594
unburden1594
untomb1594
unhusk1596
dismask1598
to open upc1600
untruss1600
divulge1602
unshale1606
unbrace1607
unveil1609
rave1610
disveil1611
unface1611
unsecret1612
unvizard1620
to open up1624
uncurtain1628
unscreen1628
unbare1630
disenvelop1632
unclothe1632
to lay forth1633
unshroud1633
unmuffle1637
midwife1638
dissecret1640
unseal1640
unmantle1643
to fetch out1644
undisguise1655
disvelop1658
decorticate1660
clash1667
exert1692
disinter1711
to up with1715
unbundlea1739
develop1741
disembosom1745
to open out1814
to let out1833
unsack1846
uncrown1849
to bring (out) in (also into) the open1861
unfrock1866
disbosom1868
to blow the lid off1928
flush1950
surface1955
to take or pull the wraps off1964
1586 G. Whetstone Eng. Myrror vii. 134 Noble King Henry the eight first vnmasked this proude Pope.
1610 J. Donne Pseudo-martyr iv. 150 Wordes of him..who cals himself Clarus Bonarscius, but is unmask'd and disanagrammatiz'd by his fellow, who calls him, Carolus Scribanius.
1640 W. Mure Counter-buff 6 Now thy piece I must anatomize... The frontespiece unmaskes an hypocrite.
1704 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World II. iii. 257 Could we but unmask nature, and strip it of all those false ornaments wherewith our prejudiced imagination has cloathed it.
1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. ix. 265 ‘The hypocrite!’ said he to himself..‘but I will unmask him.’
1819 G. Crabbe Tales of Hall II. xii. 17 No sooner was it [sc. her hand in marriage] ask'd Than she the lovely Jezebel unmask'd.
1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 4 Christian charity feels constrained to unmask a demon from the depths of the pit.
1959 K. R. Popper Logic of Sci. Discov. ii. 51 Nothing is easier than to unmask a problem as ‘meaningless’ or ‘pseudo’.
2012 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 23 Feb. 27/2 Newt Gingrich..attacked Romney from the left by unmasking him as a corporate raider who had devised clever ways to loot a company legally and leave many of its workers without a job.
3. Military.
a. transitive. To reveal (troops, a weapon, a manoeuvre, etc.) to the enemy; esp. to reveal the presence or location of (a gun, battery, etc.) either by making it visible to the enemy, or by opening fire (cf. mask v.4 2b(a)).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military operations > [verb (transitive)] > reconnoitre (a place) > the enemy or his position
discover1487
recognize1637
recognosce1637
reconnoitre1705
unmask1733
to feel for ——?1795
observe1853
spot1914
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > operate (artillery) [verb (transitive)] > reveal position by firing
unmask1733
1733 E. Budgell Bee 4 67 A new Battery was unmasked upon the Platform, and another to the Right of the Attack.
1747 Gentleman's Mag. Sept. 450/1 The besieged unmask'd 4 batteries.
1816 H. Douglas Ess. Mil. Bridges iv. 110 The other divisions..hastened their march as soon as the movement was unmasked.
1879 C. R. Low Afghan War 100 With a view of making the Afghan commandant..unmask his force.
1884 Manch. Examiner 9 Sept. 8/4 The Chinese, unmasking a mountain gun, fired on the Bayard.
1904 Engineering 21 Oct. 546/2 Unmasked batteries may be destroyed; each general will exhaust his ingenuity in forcing his adversary to unmask his position while remaining sheltered himself.
1986 T. Clancy Red Storm Rising (1988) xx. 290 All ships turn as necessary to unmask batteries.
2004 W. B. Cisco Wade Hampton v. 76 Hidden by trees were two field guns and a 32-pounder... Only when the work was complete were the trees felled, unmasking the position.
b. transitive. Of a body of troops: to move out of the line of fire of (a friendly force); to clear the line of attack for (a force). Cf. mask v.4 2b(c). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military operations > manoeuvre > [verb (transitive)] > other manoeuvres
geta1400
to get the sun of1598
to get the back of1653
attenda1674
unmask1779
1779 Regulations Order & Discipline Troops U.S. I. 45 So soon as the fourth platoon has unmasked the fifth, its officer commands, Halt! Front! March!
1814 W. Duane Syst. Mil. Discipline iii. ii. 149 At the command march, the even platoons only will move out by the right flank, to unmask the odd platoons the guides who have faced to the right about will not move.
1862 S. Casey Infantry Tactics II. v. 268 When the platoons or sections placed in the interior of a square or column, are to be deployed, they will be marched out by the flank..and as soon as they have unmasked the column or square, they will be deployed.
1925 A. French Day of Concord & Lexington xxii. 195 To maintain a fixed position, the second platoon was to move forward as soon as the first had vacated its place... To retire, it fired from its own place as soon as the first platoon had unmasked it.
4. intransitive. To emerge into view; to become visible. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > be visible [verb (intransitive)] > appear or become visible
ariseOE
to come in (also to, on, etc.) placec1225
'peara1382
appear1382
kithea1400
to show out?a1425
muster?1435
to come forthc1449
to look outa1470
apparish1483
to show forth1487
come1531
to come out?1548
peer1568
to look through1573
glimpse1596
loom1605
rise1615
emicate1657
emike1657
present1664
opena1691
emerge1700
dawn1744
to come down the pike1812
to open out1813
to crop out1849
unmask1858
to come through1868
to show up1879
to come (etc.) out of thin air1932
surface1961
1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 227 Two Obelisks..on the strand..will..unmask.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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