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单词 unfriendly
释义

unfriendlyadj.

Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnˈfrɛn(d)li/, U.S. /ˌənˈfrɛn(d)li/
Etymology: un- prefix1 1. Compare West Frisian on-, ûnfrjeonlik, Middle Dutch onvriendelijc (Dutch -lijk), Middle High German unvriuntlîch (German unfreundlich).
1. Not characteristic of a friend or friends; exhibiting dislike or hostility.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [adjective]
witherwardc888
unholdc900
fremda1000
foeOE
hatelyOE
onwardOE
fiendlyc1050
witherc1175
unbaina1300
quedec1300
wrong1340
aliena1382
enemiablea1382
enemyfula1382
enemyc1384
ingrate1393
unfriendly1425
undisposed1456
oppugnanta1513
infest1513
enemious?1529
cold1557
enemylike1561
enemyly1573
ingratefulc1575
opposed1584
misliking1586
infestuous1593
infensive1596
infestious1597
affrontous1598
foe-hearted1598
ill-affecteda1599
inimicous1598
friendless?1611
haggardly1635
infensea1641
inimicitious1641
inimicitial1656
inimical1678
inamicable1683
indisposed1702
uneasy1725
hostile1791
adversarial1839
chilly1841
1425 Rolls of Parl. IV. 274/1 Þis delaye, of which were like to growe unease and unfrendely love betwene me and my said Cousyn.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cxxxiiii They mette with vnfrendely countenaunce, &..departyd with lytle loue or charyte.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxix The French kyng..knewe by his espials..the vnfrendly departyng of the Duke of Burgoyne.
1663 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim xxxvii Nor have you given me cause to be less your Friend than heretofore; unless it be by this unfriendly jealousie.
1757 S. Foote Author ii. 33 It was, d'ye see, a very unfriendly Thing to make Love to Becky in my Absence.
1834 T. De Quincey S. T. Coleridge in Tait's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 510/2 Discoverers who would make a more unfriendly use of the discovery.
1898 Westm. Gaz. 21 Jan. 2/2 We are very much afraid that this would be looked upon by other countries as an ‘unfriendly act’.
2. Not having the qualities or disposition of a friend; esp. unfavourably disposed, inimical, hostile.
ΚΠ
1483 Cath. Angl. 142/2 Vn Frendly, inhumanus, inimicus.
1553 R. Ascham Rep. Affaires Germany in Wks. (1904) 127 I am not so vnaduised..nor you so vnfrendly to looke for so much from me.
1579 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 58 To his very unfrendly frende that procurid ye edition of his slender and extemporall devises.
a1627 W. Rowley & T. Middleton Wit at Severall Weapons v. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Llllll3v/2 Sure some unfriendly Messenger Is imployed betwixt you.
1629 in W. Foster Eng. Factories India 1624–9 (1909) 358 Our unfriendlie neighbours the Dutch.
1794 S. Williams Nat. & Civil Hist. Vermont 170 The Indians became unfriendly.
1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. 379 They put forward some of their partizans, who were not so notoriously unfriendly to him.
1884 R. W. Church Bacon 18 His unsympathetic and suspicious, but probably not unfriendly relative.
3. Not propitious or favourable (for or to).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > [adjective] > unfavourable
contrariousc1320
bada1325
contraryinga1340
adversea1393
frowarda1400
contrairc1400
fremd1423
adversant?a1425
sinister1432
perversea1450
undisposed1456
sinistral?a1475
contrary1477
favourless1509
unfriendlya1513
thwarting1530
wayward?1544
contrariant1548
disfavourable1561
cross1565
unindifferent1565
sinistrous1566
haggard1578
unkindly1579
backward1582
awkward1587
improsperous1598
thwart1610
unpropitious1613
averted1619
untoward1621
averse1623
impropitious1638
sinister1726
unfavourable1748
untowardly1756
unfavouring1835
a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) ii. xiv. sig. p.iiii By fortune vnfrendly..Both horse and man fell to grounde sodendly.
1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles xi. 56 No light, no fire, th'vnfriendly elements, Forgot thee vtterly. View more context for this quotation
1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 41 The Wind that blows from thence..is always unfriendly to Vegetation.
1784 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 74 468 It must be supposed to have arisen from some unfriendly mixture in the tin, probably from Arsenic.
1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 406 It frequently happens that..a coarse, unfriendly, stiff soil, is brought up.
1816 J. Austen Emma I. xvi. 295 The atmosphere in that unsettled state..which is..the most unfriendly for exercise. View more context for this quotation
a1831 R. Whately Logic in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) I. 225/1 Qualities unfriendly to each other are rarely combined.

Draft additions 1993

b. Originally Computing. Not user-friendly. Also transferred, esp. with qualifying adverb: destructive or harmful to the environment, etc. Cf. friendly adj. 2f.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > [adverb] > not easy to use
unfriendly1978
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > to or for some thing or person > to the environment
ecocidal1970
ecotoxic1978
unfriendly1978
ungreen1988
1978 Forbes 24 July 60/1 The difference between a computer and a calculator..is that the former is unfriendly and the latter is friendly.
1982 Computerworld 8 Mar. 11/4 For many users, the software of the near future will have to be very different and infinitely simpler to execute than today's ‘unfriendly’ IMS-like subsystems.
1989 Boston Globe 23 Jan. 30/5 Chemical reactions take place..transforming..‘friendly’ non-destructive chlorine and bromine into an ‘unfriendly’ radical form that destroys ozone.
1990 Economist 21 Apr. 84 Special teams should begin the operation by the end of April, using 30 tonnes of environmentally unfriendly dynamite.
c. With defining word: not designed with the needs of (the user, etc.) in mind; harmful or detrimental to. Originally Computing.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > [adjective] > relating to user interface > easy to use > not
kludgy1970
unfriendly1981
user-unfriendly1981
user-hostile1982
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > [adjective] > unfavourable > not conducive
disconducinga1631
unconducing1660
unconducive1661
unaidant1667
disconducive1819
unfurthersomec1820
inconducive1848
unfriendly1981
1981 Economist 16 May 55/1 The winners will be those whose machines do not bristle with difficulty and are ‘user-friendly’. Prestel, with its numerical codes, is, in the view of many, ‘user-unfriendly’.
1986 Hawaii Business Jan. i. 30/2 They and their staffs made the rules and the decisions that led the state into more and more complex laws, most of them business-unfriendly.
1988 Green Line Oct. 5/3 A useful document for anyone campaigning on the ozone issue or wishing to avoid ozone-unfriendly packaging.
1990 Blitz Oct. 69 ‘Take Me Back’ by Nottingham's Rhythmatic..was a bleeping classic with its deranged coda and speaker-unfriendly bass.

Draft additions 1993

A person or thing that is unfriendly, harmful, or hostile; a member of the opposition, an enemy. colloquial (chiefly U.S.).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > enemy > [noun]
witherwinc897
foemaneOE
i-foeOE
withersakec960
fiendc975
foeOE
witherlingc1000
unwine1050
unholda1200
andsetec1200
unfriendc1275
un-i-winec1275
adversaryc1350
enemy1362
hatera1382
evil-willinga1400
fedea1400
contraryc1405
inimi1423
overthwarter?c1450
evil-willer1460
Moabitea1461
heavy friend?1518
Satanas1530
adverse1593
malengine1601
distresser1616
viand1616
hostile1838
unfriendly1973
the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [noun] > act of hostility > hostile person
foea1393
malignerc1425
pray away1601
unfriendly1973
1973 E. Arnold Proving Ground iv. 56 A couple of unfriendlies turned up and I had to scoot off... It was absolutely no fun sitting in an unarmed airplane while people who didn't like you took pot shots at you.
1982 ‘S. F. X. Dean’ Such Pretty Toys (1983) x. 146 The old model [missiles] you can buy... Makes a big difference if the friendlies or the unfriendlies get 'em.
1987 Observer 23 Aug. 29/1 Last month, Klesch was all set to launch an ‘unfriendly’, when Gunn revealed his..recommended deal.
1990 Charlotte (N. Carolina) Observer 2 Jan. a5/4 We violated the sovereign nation's borders with our troops; shot and killed ‘unfriendlies’ as well as that nation's civilians.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

unfriendlyadv.

Brit. /(ˌ)ʌnˈfrɛn(d)li/, U.S. /ˌənˈfrɛn(d)li/
Etymology: un- prefix1 5.
Now rare.
In an unfriendly manner.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [adverb]
unfriendlyOE
witherc1200
enemylike1382
enemylyc1384
unsaughtly?a1400
unfriendfully1513
enemiously1529
enemyfully1530
coldly1550
inimicously1598
hostilely1609
inimicitiously1662
inimically1836
unfriendlily1864
OE Genesis 2690 Þu us leanast nu, unfreondlice fremena þancast!
1483 Cath. Angl. 142/2 Vn Frendly,..inhumane, inhumaniter.
1548 T. Cooper Bibliotheca Eliotæ (rev. ed.) Insequor,..to speake vnfrendly agaynst one.
1553 R. Ascham Rep. Affaires Germany in Wks. (1904) 127 I am not so vnaduised..nor you so vnfrendly to looke for so much from me.
1570 G. Harvey Let.-bk. 3 I delaied thus unfrendly.
1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature vi. §15 To covet to obtain what is another man's by just means, and with his consent,..has nothing surely that looks unfriendly upon truth, or is blameable, in it.
1757 W. Thompson Royal Navy-men's Advocate 46 [This] I leave to be determined by the..Wisdom of the Contracting Coopers that undermine one another unfriendly.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1924; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1425adv.OE
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更新时间:2025/1/11 13:46:49