usancen.

Brit.

/ˈjuːzns/, U.S.

/ˈjuz(ə)ns/

Forms: Middle English hewsaunce, Middle English vsaunnce, Middle English vsavnce, Middle English–1500s usaunce, Middle English–1500s (Scottish) vsans, Middle English–1500s vsaunce, Middle English–1600s vsance, Middle English– usance, 1500s ewsans, 1500s ewsaunce, 1500s usans.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French usance; Latin usantia.

Etymology: Partly < Anglo-Norman and Middle French usance custom, tradition (early 13th cent. in Old French), purpose for which something is used (late 14th cent.), enjoyment though use (1451), action of using something, employment (2nd half of the 15th cent.), habit or usual practice of an individual (a1500; < user use v. + -ance -ance suffix), and partly < post-classical Latin usantia, usancia, usanzia custom, customary due, period allowed for payment (12th cent.) < usant- , past participial stem of usare use v. + -ia -ia suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan uzansa , Catalan usança (14th cent.), Spanish usanza (mid 14th cent. as usança , or earlier), Portuguese usança (13th cent.), Italian usanza (1294). Compare earlier usage n.

a. The usual or customary practice or behaviour of a community; convention, tradition; = usage n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > custom of a society or group

i-wunec888

thewc893

wise971

law of (the) landc1175

customa1200

wonec1200

tidingc1275

orderc1300

usancea1325

usagec1330

usea1393

guisea1400

spacec1400

stylec1430

rite1467

fashion1490

frequentation1525

institution1551

tradition1597

mode1642

shibboleth1804

dastur1888

praxis1892

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xii. 66 Ase hoe þat habbez more lond, bez isomuned ase for vsauns ase wel to þe chekere ase bifore iustises of eiþer bench.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2217 Wat doþ ȝour men of fraunce. Of hure disport & ek hure play what is ȝour mest vsaunce?

c1450 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Fairf. 16) (1879) l. 586 For to conqueren regnes and honour Vnto the tovne of Rome as was vsaunce.

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 149 Efter the custum of the contree, and the vsaunce of the weris.

1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes iv. vii To doo suche a thinge, it is vsaunce of armes.

1513–14 Act 5 Hen. VIII c. 7 Accordyng to the olde usance and custome.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 134 By meane of which Proclamation, nothing was taken.., but it were streight payed for.., which vsance continued but a while.

1620 Horæ Subseciuæ 49 That must bee referred to publike vsance, not to Cæsars power.

1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso (1674) i. lxxii. 90 Obsolete Proclamations and Edicts, which have lost their validity by contrary usance.

1715 M. Davies Εἰκων Μικρο-βιβλικὴ 224 The same different Martyrologe usance obtain'd here in England.

1825 New Monthly Mag. 13 19 Ruffs..were confined by special usance to the fair sex.

a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 194 By established usance, Miss Gravity is quite amiss [etc.].

1878 J. J. Aubertin tr. Camoens Lusiad ix. i The Nereids' beauteous choir..grouped together move, In graceful dances, as of usance old.

1902 J. Payne Poet. Wks. I. 365 The little thing was somewhat dear to me, Being as white as wind-flowers newly-blown And tame beyond the usance of its kind.

1968 Jewish Q. Rev. 58 211 Jeroboam's genealogy from his father's side is nowhere given—contrary to all Biblical usance.

2005 J. J. Ginkel et al. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 73 A second motif was to present the Christian community as an ancient group, in response to the ideological usance of Antiquity and Post-Antiquity culture that age provides authority.

b. As a count noun: a custom or tradition.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > custom of a society or group > recognized as having legal force

usagec1325

usance?c1400

consuetude1496

?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iii. pr. iv. l. 2040 Þilke þing þat haþ no propre beaute of hym self resceyueþ somtyme pris and shinynge and somtyme lesiþ it by þe opinioun of vsaunces.

a1456 (c1425) J. Lydgate Valentyne (Trin. Cambr.) l. 2 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 305 (MED) Men haue an vsavnce in þis Regyoun To looke and serche Cupydes Kalundere And cheese þeyre choys by gret affeccioun.

a1500 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 171 (MED) In thyse dayes þer is a hewsaunce Þat puttyth þe pore pepylle to grett hynderaunce.

1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries iv. 40 Laudable and auncient Customes, Usances, and..particuler Rightes.

1606 S. Daniel Queenes Arcadia v. iv. sig. L1^v Custome..inchaynes our iudgements, and discourse Vnto the present vsances.

1658 F. Osborne Hist. Mem. Reigns Elizabeth & Iames Ep. sig. A3^v Strangers to the Usances of the Ancients.

1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 197 In our time this usance is not observed.

1728 R. Rawlinson tr. M. L. du Fresnoy New Method studying Hist. ii. 30 It is necessary to go to the original of these usances, because they are generally founded on some particular reason.

1860 H. T. Buckle in A. H. Huth Life & Writings H. T. Buckle (1880) II. 33 I have in this way heard something of the prospects and usances of teachers.

1902 J. Payne Poet. Wks. I. 331 A pious man they sent us and a fair, Who taught us all the ritual of prayer And all devotion's forms and usances.

2001 H. Nicholson Knights Hospitaller iv. 69 Various statutes and records of usances, or customs..state that the convent or certain committees of brothers should make certain decisions.

2. Habit or custom on the part of the individual. Also as a count noun: = usage n. 3b. rare after 17th cent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [noun]

i-wunec888

wise971

gatec1175

lawc1175

manners?c1225

wone?c1225

usec1325

hauntc1330

use1340

rotec1350

consuetude1382

customancea1393

usancea1393

practicc1395

guisea1400

usagea1400

wonta1400

spacec1400

accustomancec1405

customheada1425

urec1425

wontsomenessc1425

accustomc1440

wonningc1440

practice1502

habitudec1598

habiture1598

habit1605

wonting1665

the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [noun] > a habit or practice

thewc888

customa1200

wonec1200

moursc1250

usec1384

usancea1393

usagea1400

stylec1430

practice1502

commona1525

frequentation1525

ordinary1526

trade?1543

vein1549

habit1581

rut1581

habitude1603

mores1648

tread1817

dastur1888

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. l. 569 (MED) Of fool usance, Which don was of continuance Of hem, whiche alday drunken were, Ther was no wif ne maiden there..Whom thei ne token to defoule.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 3453 (MED) Ay he had in custom & vsaunce..For to goon vn-armyd in-to þe felde.

1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) x. xvii. sig. Biij^v This is a shameful customme and a vylaynous vsaunce for a Quene to vse.

?1555 T. Paynell tr. J. L. Vives Office of Husband sig. E^v The affections do growe after the disposition, the customes & vsaunce of the bodye, age, helth, maner, vse of liuing, time & place.

a1568 in Bannatyne MS (1896) IV. 195/42 In yowtheid vse the to temprance, And so begin the with vsance.

1862 G. A. Sala Accepted Addr. 226 I tried to recollect the things to which we have grown so accustomed.., that usance has begotten familiarity.

1910 A. G. Warner & E. Warner tr. Sháhnáma of Firdausí V. 119 Such is not the usance of a king.

a. The action of using something; the fact of being used; handling, exercising, employment. Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > [noun]

bihofthc1175

use?c1225

usinga1340

notingc1400

usage?c1400

occupationa1425

employment1437

employing1459

usancec1475

occupying1535

trade1552

wear1571

usury1607

adoperation1608

use-making1608

improvement1620

employ1677

exploiting1842

utilization1847

nuse1848

utilizing1864

c1475 Wisdom (Folger) (1969) l. 1027 Lo, wakynge ys a holy thynge; Þer yt ys hade with goode vsance, Many gracys of yt doth sprynge.

1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) vii. 30 She fell doune dyuerse tymes in a swoune..or euer thusaunce of speche was in her restored.

1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) i. iv. sig. e.ii As soone as he cometh to haue discrecyon & vsaunce of vnderstandynge.

1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 207 He a nonne had rauyshed to his vsaunce.

1591 E. Spenser Daphnaïda 503 Riches, beautie,..nought of them is yours, but th' onely vsance Of a small time.

1615 T. Adams Mystical Bedlam ii. 59 But why doe you call this benefit made of our money, vsurie..? It is but vsance, and husbandring [sic] of our stocke.

1659 T. Fuller Appeal Iniured Innocence i. 50 What was wanting..hath since sufficiently been supplyed..by usance thereof to Gods Service only.

a1802 J. Strutt Queenhoo-hall (1808) III. ix. 197 I will read to you..a profitable discourse against the heavy sin of goulardism, or glotony, and the unfit usance of strong drink.

1869 Ld. Lytton Poems (1894) 128 Life is good;..so is beauty. Mere stuff Are all these for Love's usance.

a1916 J. Payne Way of Winepress (1920) 67 Wherein fish dwell of strange and sombre hue, Which, having there, whilst ages ran their round, In unenlightened gloom abidden drowned, Have vision lost, for lack of usance due.

†b. Enjoyment through use. Obsolete. rare. In quot. with reference to God's use of the thrones (throne n. 4) as a means of dispensing divine justice.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > [noun] > beneficial use

usance1483

usufruct1811

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. cccvi/1 Perpetuel fruycion or vsaunce, As touchynge the thrones, whiche ben sayd syttynge, For god sytteth and resteth in them.

4. A period of time (varying between countries) allowed by commercial custom or law for the payment of short-term foreign bills of exchange. Recorded earliest in at usance: see at usance phr. 1 at Phrases.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > use of bills of exchange > state of being due for payment > time allowed for payment

usance1487

grace1697

uso1704

indulgence1827

tenor1866

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > [noun] > arranging of loans > arrangement of loan repayment > period of repayment

usance1487

1487 W. Cely Let. 12 Sept. in Cely Lett. (1975) 232 I haue made yow over be exchaunge..an Ciiij^xx nobullys sterlyng, payabull at vsaunce.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 278 Touching the exchange from London to Venice farther distant, by the word vsance three moneths are signified, and by double vsance six moneths.

1651 J. Marius Advice Bills of Exchange 20 You must not count every 30 Days a Usance,..but a moneth by denomination.

1682 J. Scarlett Stile of Exchanges 101 Sometimes Usance is taken for some certain time after the date of the Bill, sometimes for some certain time after sight.

1725 D. Defoe Compl. Eng. Tradesman I. xxv. 438 Usance from Antwerp or Amsterdam, payable at Venice, is two months, payable in Bank.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) At London, Usance is a Calendar Month; and double Usance, two Months.

1759 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 2 Feb. (1932) (modernized text) V. 2338 The Specie, the Banco, Usances, Agio, and a thousand other particulars.

1834 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce (ed. 2) 560 The usance and days of grace for bills drawn upon some of the principal commercial cities.

1875 W. S. Jevons Money 246 Government bonds..differ..in the fact that they have very long, or even interminable, usance.

1909 Times 6 Jan. 13/2 Buyers showed a strong preference for bills of short usance.

1962 P. Einzig Hist. Foreign Exchange xv. 175 The ‘usance’ was thirty days for bills on Paris or Geneva, one calendar month for Germany and Holland, two months for New York, three months for Italy and South America, etc.

1976 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 36 200 Foreign exchange in the eighteenth century was traded by means of bills of exchange which were drawn either at sight or on usance.

1998 Platt's Petrochem. Rep. (Nexis) 15 Jan. 1 Southeast Asian buyers have asked for payment terms that include a more generous 60-120 day usance.

a. The practice or fact of lending or borrowing money at interest. Cf. use n. 5. rare after 17th cent.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest

ocker?c1225

gavellingc1250

usury1303

usurea1325

lendinga1340

ockeringa1400

usea1450

usance1539

feneration1598

gombeen1862

1539 R. Taverner Second Bk. Garden of Wysdome sig. F.vii What is it to gayne by vsaunce or loue [printed lone] of money?

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 356/1 To borrow vppon vsance, to make the money which was required.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. iii. 107 Manie a time and oft In the Ryalto you haue rated me About my moneyes and my vsances .

1611 R. Fenton Treat. Vsurie i. ii. 4 They will not call it Vsurie... But it shall be termed Vse or Vsance in exchange.

1823 I. Pocock Nigel v. ii. 90 I am, so please your grace, A scrivener by my trade, and versed in gold And precious stones, no less than in the drift Of honest usance.

1963 G. Tucker Dawn like Thunder vii. 117 Eaton's main problem was with the inordinate appetite of Tunisian officialdom for usance, which was plain extortion, or bribery.

†b. = interest n. 10. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest > interest

gavela700

usure1338

usuryc1450

interess1529

interest1545

fenory1572

usance1584

use1595

advantage1600

excess1600

interest-money1618

premium1669

service1817

usage1822

vigorish1935

1584 T. Lodge Alarum against Vsurers D ij My stocke might lye without vsaunce to my vtter vndooing.

1592 G. Harvey Foure Lett. iii. 48 Vse heauenly Eloquence indeede: and employ thy golden talent with amounting vsance indeede.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. iii. 43 He..brings downe The rate of vsance heere.

1615 J. Mellis Record's Ground of Artes 211 Sir, this is yet within the compasse of some reasonable vsance.

1743 H. Fielding Journey from this World i. xi, in Misc. II. 93 I did not always confine my self strictly to what I had set down, however extravagant that was; but I reconciled taking the Overplus to my self as Usance.

1823 Ld. Byron Let. 18 Jan. (1980) X. 87 An investment of any spare monies—as may render some usance to the owner.

1862 T. A. Trollope Marietta I. 30 The old Catholic doctrine that no usance whatever could be unsinfully received for the use of money.

†c. A document acknowledging a loan of money. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > loan > documents acknowledging loan

debenturec1455

usance1843

1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present ii. iv. 80 One almost hopes he..had his [sc. a Jew's] usances and quittances and horseleech papers summarily set fire to!

Phrases

at usance phr.

1. At the expiry of the period of usance (see sense 4); so as to be payable at the end of this period. Also with modifying word denoting the length of the period allowed, as at half usance, at double usance, etc.

ΚΠ

1487At vsaunce [see sense 4].

1572 T. Wilson Disc. Vsurye 120 b It shal go at vsance, which is a moneths time, at xxiiii.s. iiii.d. and at double vsance, which is ij. moneths time, at xxiiii.s. viii.d.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 278 Our Merchants write their bils of exchange..to bee paid, at sight, at vsance, at halfe vsance, and at double vsance.

1682 J. Scarlett Stile of Exchanges 25 At Usance, Pay this my first Bill of Exchange..to Mr. N. W. or his Order.

1704 London Gaz. No. 4070/8 A Bill of Exchange of 50l..., drawn at double Usance, on Monsieur Kesterman.

1716 London Gaz. No. 5472/4 A First Foreign Bill of Exchange.., payable to Tho. Ellis at two Usance.

1849 J. H. Freese Commerc. Class-bk. 73 A bill drawn in London upon Hamburg at usance, signifies..one month after it is dated; if at two usances, two months after date.

1878 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 795/1 No bills are now drawn in London at usance, and the practice is being gradually dropped in other countries.

2005 J. Story Comm. on Law Bills Exchange iii. 63 Sometimes they are drawn payable at usance, or at a half usance, or at double or treble usance.

2. Subject to (a certain degree or type of) interest.

ΚΠ

1585 Sir P. Sidney Let. 1 Dec. in Compl. Wks. (1923) III. 150 I have takne up three hundred powndes of Hans Barnard at usance.

1680 W. de Britaine Humane Prudence 116 There is nothing which doth more impoverish a Prince, than Imprests of Money at great usance.

1793 J. O'Keeffe London Hermit iii. iv. 101 Are you that Ham Barebones that has lent my nephew money at an exorbitant usance.

1890 J. Hatton By Order of Czar i. iv He..had made money by dint of saving his profits and lending them at fair usance.

2006 W. I. Miller Eye for Eye vi. 78 Antonio will not borrow or lend at usance.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	usance
释义	usancen. Brit. /ˈjuːzns/, U.S. /ˈjuz(ə)ns/ Forms: Middle English hewsaunce, Middle English vsaunnce, Middle English vsavnce, Middle English–1500s usaunce, Middle English–1500s (Scottish) vsans, Middle English–1500s vsaunce, Middle English–1600s vsance, Middle English– usance, 1500s ewsans, 1500s ewsaunce, 1500s usans. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French usance; Latin usantia. Etymology: Partly < Anglo-Norman and Middle French usance custom, tradition (early 13th cent. in Old French), purpose for which something is used (late 14th cent.), enjoyment though use (1451), action of using something, employment (2nd half of the 15th cent.), habit or usual practice of an individual (a1500; < user use v. + -ance -ance suffix), and partly < post-classical Latin usantia, usancia, usanzia custom, customary due, period allowed for payment (12th cent.) < usant- , past participial stem of usare use v. + -ia -ia suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan uzansa , Catalan usança (14th cent.), Spanish usanza (mid 14th cent. as usança , or earlier), Portuguese usança (13th cent.), Italian usanza (1294). Compare earlier usage n. 1. a. The usual or customary practice or behaviour of a community; convention, tradition; = usage n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > custom of a society or group i-wunec888 thewc893 wise971 law of (the) landc1175 customa1200 wonec1200 tidingc1275 orderc1300 usancea1325 usagec1330 usea1393 guisea1400 spacec1400 stylec1430 rite1467 fashion1490 frequentation1525 institution1551 tradition1597 mode1642 shibboleth1804 dastur1888 praxis1892 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xii. 66 Ase hoe þat habbez more lond, bez isomuned ase for vsauns ase wel to þe chekere ase bifore iustises of eiþer bench. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2217 Wat doþ ȝour men of fraunce. Of hure disport & ek hure play what is ȝour mest vsaunce? c1450 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Fairf. 16) (1879) l. 586 For to conqueren regnes and honour Vnto the tovne of Rome as was vsaunce. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 149 Efter the custum of the contree, and the vsaunce of the weris. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes iv. vii To doo suche a thinge, it is vsaunce of armes. 1513–14 Act 5 Hen. VIII c. 7 Accordyng to the olde usance and custome. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 134 By meane of which Proclamation, nothing was taken.., but it were streight payed for.., which vsance continued but a while. 1620 Horæ Subseciuæ 49 That must bee referred to publike vsance, not to Cæsars power. 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso (1674) i. lxxii. 90 Obsolete Proclamations and Edicts, which have lost their validity by contrary usance. 1715 M. Davies Εἰκων Μικρο-βιβλικὴ 224 The same different Martyrologe usance obtain'd here in England. 1825 New Monthly Mag. 13 19 Ruffs..were confined by special usance to the fair sex. a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 194 By established usance, Miss Gravity is quite amiss [etc.]. 1878 J. J. Aubertin tr. Camoens Lusiad ix. i The Nereids' beauteous choir..grouped together move, In graceful dances, as of usance old. 1902 J. Payne Poet. Wks. I. 365 The little thing was somewhat dear to me, Being as white as wind-flowers newly-blown And tame beyond the usance of its kind. 1968 Jewish Q. Rev. 58 211 Jeroboam's genealogy from his father's side is nowhere given—contrary to all Biblical usance. 2005 J. J. Ginkel et al. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 73 A second motif was to present the Christian community as an ancient group, in response to the ideological usance of Antiquity and Post-Antiquity culture that age provides authority. b. As a count noun: a custom or tradition. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > custom of a society or group > recognized as having legal force usagec1325 usance?c1400 consuetude1496 ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iii. pr. iv. l. 2040 Þilke þing þat haþ no propre beaute of hym self resceyueþ somtyme pris and shinynge and somtyme lesiþ it by þe opinioun of vsaunces. a1456 (c1425) J. Lydgate Valentyne (Trin. Cambr.) l. 2 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 305 (MED) Men haue an vsavnce in þis Regyoun To looke and serche Cupydes Kalundere And cheese þeyre choys by gret affeccioun. a1500 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 171 (MED) In thyse dayes þer is a hewsaunce Þat puttyth þe pore pepylle to grett hynderaunce. 1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries iv. 40 Laudable and auncient Customes, Usances, and..particuler Rightes. 1606 S. Daniel Queenes Arcadia v. iv. sig. L1^v Custome..inchaynes our iudgements, and discourse Vnto the present vsances. 1658 F. Osborne Hist. Mem. Reigns Elizabeth & Iames Ep. sig. A3^v Strangers to the Usances of the Ancients. 1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 197 In our time this usance is not observed. 1728 R. Rawlinson tr. M. L. du Fresnoy New Method studying Hist. ii. 30 It is necessary to go to the original of these usances, because they are generally founded on some particular reason. 1860 H. T. Buckle in A. H. Huth Life & Writings H. T. Buckle (1880) II. 33 I have in this way heard something of the prospects and usances of teachers. 1902 J. Payne Poet. Wks. I. 331 A pious man they sent us and a fair, Who taught us all the ritual of prayer And all devotion's forms and usances. 2001 H. Nicholson Knights Hospitaller iv. 69 Various statutes and records of usances, or customs..state that the convent or certain committees of brothers should make certain decisions. 2. Habit or custom on the part of the individual. Also as a count noun: = usage n. 3b. rare after 17th cent. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [noun] i-wunec888 wise971 gatec1175 lawc1175 manners?c1225 wone?c1225 usec1325 hauntc1330 use1340 rotec1350 consuetude1382 customancea1393 usancea1393 practicc1395 guisea1400 usagea1400 wonta1400 spacec1400 accustomancec1405 customheada1425 urec1425 wontsomenessc1425 accustomc1440 wonningc1440 practice1502 habitudec1598 habiture1598 habit1605 wonting1665 the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [noun] > a habit or practice thewc888 customa1200 wonec1200 moursc1250 usec1384 usancea1393 usagea1400 stylec1430 practice1502 commona1525 frequentation1525 ordinary1526 trade?1543 vein1549 habit1581 rut1581 habitude1603 mores1648 tread1817 dastur1888 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. l. 569 (MED) Of fool usance, Which don was of continuance Of hem, whiche alday drunken were, Ther was no wif ne maiden there..Whom thei ne token to defoule. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 3453 (MED) Ay he had in custom & vsaunce..For to goon vn-armyd in-to þe felde. 1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) x. xvii. sig. Biij^v This is a shameful customme and a vylaynous vsaunce for a Quene to vse. ?1555 T. Paynell tr. J. L. Vives Office of Husband sig. E^v The affections do growe after the disposition, the customes & vsaunce of the bodye, age, helth, maner, vse of liuing, time & place. a1568 in Bannatyne MS (1896) IV. 195/42 In yowtheid vse the to temprance, And so begin the with vsance. 1862 G. A. Sala Accepted Addr. 226 I tried to recollect the things to which we have grown so accustomed.., that usance has begotten familiarity. 1910 A. G. Warner & E. Warner tr. Sháhnáma of Firdausí V. 119 Such is not the usance of a king. 3. a. The action of using something; the fact of being used; handling, exercising, employment. Now archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > [noun] bihofthc1175 use?c1225 usinga1340 notingc1400 usage?c1400 occupationa1425 employment1437 employing1459 usancec1475 occupying1535 trade1552 wear1571 usury1607 adoperation1608 use-making1608 improvement1620 employ1677 exploiting1842 utilization1847 nuse1848 utilizing1864 c1475 Wisdom (Folger) (1969) l. 1027 Lo, wakynge ys a holy thynge; Þer yt ys hade with goode vsance, Many gracys of yt doth sprynge. 1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) vii. 30 She fell doune dyuerse tymes in a swoune..or euer thusaunce of speche was in her restored. 1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) i. iv. sig. e.ii As soone as he cometh to haue discrecyon & vsaunce of vnderstandynge. 1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 207 He a nonne had rauyshed to his vsaunce. 1591 E. Spenser Daphnaïda 503 Riches, beautie,..nought of them is yours, but th' onely vsance Of a small time. 1615 T. Adams Mystical Bedlam ii. 59 But why doe you call this benefit made of our money, vsurie..? It is but vsance, and husbandring [sic] of our stocke. 1659 T. Fuller Appeal Iniured Innocence i. 50 What was wanting..hath since sufficiently been supplyed..by usance thereof to Gods Service only. a1802 J. Strutt Queenhoo-hall (1808) III. ix. 197 I will read to you..a profitable discourse against the heavy sin of goulardism, or glotony, and the unfit usance of strong drink. 1869 Ld. Lytton Poems (1894) 128 Life is good;..so is beauty. Mere stuff Are all these for Love's usance. a1916 J. Payne Way of Winepress (1920) 67 Wherein fish dwell of strange and sombre hue, Which, having there, whilst ages ran their round, In unenlightened gloom abidden drowned, Have vision lost, for lack of usance due. †b. Enjoyment through use. Obsolete. rare. In quot. with reference to God's use of the thrones (throne n. 4) as a means of dispensing divine justice. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > [noun] > beneficial use usance1483 usufruct1811 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. cccvi/1 Perpetuel fruycion or vsaunce, As touchynge the thrones, whiche ben sayd syttynge, For god sytteth and resteth in them. 4. A period of time (varying between countries) allowed by commercial custom or law for the payment of short-term foreign bills of exchange. Recorded earliest in at usance: see at usance phr. 1 at Phrases. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > use of bills of exchange > state of being due for payment > time allowed for payment usance1487 grace1697 uso1704 indulgence1827 tenor1866 society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > [noun] > arranging of loans > arrangement of loan repayment > period of repayment usance1487 1487 W. Cely Let. 12 Sept. in Cely Lett. (1975) 232 I haue made yow over be exchaunge..an Ciiij^xx nobullys sterlyng, payabull at vsaunce. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 278 Touching the exchange from London to Venice farther distant, by the word vsance three moneths are signified, and by double vsance six moneths. 1651 J. Marius Advice Bills of Exchange 20 You must not count every 30 Days a Usance,..but a moneth by denomination. 1682 J. Scarlett Stile of Exchanges 101 Sometimes Usance is taken for some certain time after the date of the Bill, sometimes for some certain time after sight. 1725 D. Defoe Compl. Eng. Tradesman I. xxv. 438 Usance from Antwerp or Amsterdam, payable at Venice, is two months, payable in Bank. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) At London, Usance is a Calendar Month; and double Usance, two Months. 1759 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 2 Feb. (1932) (modernized text) V. 2338 The Specie, the Banco, Usances, Agio, and a thousand other particulars. 1834 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce (ed. 2) 560 The usance and days of grace for bills drawn upon some of the principal commercial cities. 1875 W. S. Jevons Money 246 Government bonds..differ..in the fact that they have very long, or even interminable, usance. 1909 Times 6 Jan. 13/2 Buyers showed a strong preference for bills of short usance. 1962 P. Einzig Hist. Foreign Exchange xv. 175 The ‘usance’ was thirty days for bills on Paris or Geneva, one calendar month for Germany and Holland, two months for New York, three months for Italy and South America, etc. 1976 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 36 200 Foreign exchange in the eighteenth century was traded by means of bills of exchange which were drawn either at sight or on usance. 1998 Platt's Petrochem. Rep. (Nexis) 15 Jan. 1 Southeast Asian buyers have asked for payment terms that include a more generous 60-120 day usance. 5. a. The practice or fact of lending or borrowing money at interest. Cf. use n. 5. rare after 17th cent. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest ocker?c1225 gavellingc1250 usury1303 usurea1325 lendinga1340 ockeringa1400 usea1450 usance1539 feneration1598 gombeen1862 1539 R. Taverner Second Bk. Garden of Wysdome sig. F.vii What is it to gayne by vsaunce or loue [printed lone] of money? 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 356/1 To borrow vppon vsance, to make the money which was required. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. iii. 107 Manie a time and oft In the Ryalto you haue rated me About my moneyes and my vsances . View more context for this quotation 1611 R. Fenton Treat. Vsurie i. ii. 4 They will not call it Vsurie... But it shall be termed Vse or Vsance in exchange. 1823 I. Pocock Nigel v. ii. 90 I am, so please your grace, A scrivener by my trade, and versed in gold And precious stones, no less than in the drift Of honest usance. 1963 G. Tucker Dawn like Thunder vii. 117 Eaton's main problem was with the inordinate appetite of Tunisian officialdom for usance, which was plain extortion, or bribery. †b. = interest n. 10. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > moneylending at interest > interest gavela700 usure1338 usuryc1450 interess1529 interest1545 fenory1572 usance1584 use1595 advantage1600 excess1600 interest-money1618 premium1669 service1817 usage1822 vigorish1935 1584 T. Lodge Alarum against Vsurers D ij My stocke might lye without vsaunce to my vtter vndooing. 1592 G. Harvey Foure Lett. iii. 48 Vse heauenly Eloquence indeede: and employ thy golden talent with amounting vsance indeede. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. iii. 43 He..brings downe The rate of vsance heere. View more context for this quotation 1615 J. Mellis Record's Ground of Artes 211 Sir, this is yet within the compasse of some reasonable vsance. 1743 H. Fielding Journey from this World i. xi, in Misc. II. 93 I did not always confine my self strictly to what I had set down, however extravagant that was; but I reconciled taking the Overplus to my self as Usance. 1823 Ld. Byron Let. 18 Jan. (1980) X. 87 An investment of any spare monies—as may render some usance to the owner. 1862 T. A. Trollope Marietta I. 30 The old Catholic doctrine that no usance whatever could be unsinfully received for the use of money. †c. A document acknowledging a loan of money. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > loan > documents acknowledging loan debenturec1455 usance1843 1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present ii. iv. 80 One almost hopes he..had his [sc. a Jew's] usances and quittances and horseleech papers summarily set fire to! Phrases at usance phr. 1. At the expiry of the period of usance (see sense 4); so as to be payable at the end of this period. Also with modifying word denoting the length of the period allowed, as at half usance, at double usance, etc. ΚΠ 1487At vsaunce [see sense 4]. 1572 T. Wilson Disc. Vsurye 120 b It shal go at vsance, which is a moneths time, at xxiiii.s. iiii.d. and at double vsance, which is ij. moneths time, at xxiiii.s. viii.d. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 278 Our Merchants write their bils of exchange..to bee paid, at sight, at vsance, at halfe vsance, and at double vsance. 1682 J. Scarlett Stile of Exchanges 25 At Usance, Pay this my first Bill of Exchange..to Mr. N. W. or his Order. 1704 London Gaz. No. 4070/8 A Bill of Exchange of 50l..., drawn at double Usance, on Monsieur Kesterman. 1716 London Gaz. No. 5472/4 A First Foreign Bill of Exchange.., payable to Tho. Ellis at two Usance. 1849 J. H. Freese Commerc. Class-bk. 73 A bill drawn in London upon Hamburg at usance, signifies..one month after it is dated; if at two usances, two months after date. 1878 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 795/1 No bills are now drawn in London at usance, and the practice is being gradually dropped in other countries. 2005 J. Story Comm. on Law Bills Exchange iii. 63 Sometimes they are drawn payable at usance, or at a half usance, or at double or treble usance. 2. Subject to (a certain degree or type of) interest. ΚΠ 1585 Sir P. Sidney Let. 1 Dec. in Compl. Wks. (1923) III. 150 I have takne up three hundred powndes of Hans Barnard at usance. 1680 W. de Britaine Humane Prudence 116 There is nothing which doth more impoverish a Prince, than Imprests of Money at great usance. 1793 J. O'Keeffe London Hermit iii. iv. 101 Are you that Ham Barebones that has lent my nephew money at an exorbitant usance. 1890 J. Hatton By Order of Czar i. iv He..had made money by dint of saving his profits and lending them at fair usance. 2006 W. I. Miller Eye for Eye vi. 78 Antonio will not borrow or lend at usance. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1325
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