valiantadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈvalɪənt/, U.S.

/ˈvæljənt/

Forms: α. Middle English vaillaunte, vaylaunt, vailant, Middle English -aunt, vaillant, waillant. β. Middle English, 1500s valliaunt, Middle English valya(u)nte, Middle English–1500s valya(u)nt, 1500s waly-, valiaunt(e, Scottish valliant, Middle English– valiant (1500s–1600s valient); 1500s valeaunt(e, valeant, Scottish vaill-, wailleant. γ. (Chiefly Scottish) Middle English–1500s vailȝeand, 1500s vail(l)-, wailȝeant, -ȝeand, val(l)-, wal(l)ȝeand, -ȝeant, -yeant, -ieȝeand, -ieȝeant, -ieand, etc.

Etymology: < Old French vailant (-and, Anglo-Norman vaylant), vaillant (Anglo-Norman -aunt), present participle of valoir to be of worth < Latin valēre. Compare Italian valente, Portuguese valente, Spanish valiente. The comparative valianter, superlative valiantest were formerly frequent, the latter occurring occasionally in the 16th and 17th centuries in the shortened forms valiaunst, valianst, valienst.

a. Of persons: Stalwart of body, bone, hands.Probably with some implication of sense 2. In modern Sussex dialect the sense of ‘stout, well-built’ is recorded.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective]

mightyeOE

strongOE

bigc1300

boldc1300

fort13..

steer13..

steevec1300

valiant1303

stalwortha1340

fortin1340

strengthfula1382

stout1390

pithya1400

tora1400

mighteda1470

strengthyc1485

forcy1488

nervy1598

nervous1616

whipcordy1856

Tarzanesque1933

Tarzan-like1943

the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] > robust

strongeOE

hardOE

stalworthc1175

starka1250

stiff1297

steel to the (very) backa1300

stalworthyc1300

wightc1300

stable13..

valiant1303

stithc1325

toughc1330

wrast1338

stoura1350

sadc1384

wighty14..

derfc1440

substantialc1460

well-jointed1483

felon1487

robust1490

stalwart1508

stoutya1529

robustous?1531

rankc1540

hardy1548

robustious1548

stout1576

rustical1583

rustic1620

iron1638

robustic1652

swankinga1704

strapping1707

rugged1731

solid1741

vaudy1793

flaithulach1829

ironbark1833

swankie1838

tough as (old) boots or leather1843

skookum1847

hard (also tough, sharp) as nails1862

hard-assed1954

nails1974

1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 4370 Þys Conred had a seriaunt, A wys man, and of body vaylaunt.

1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 9 So wis he was in dede, of body so valiant.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 3538 Richer kyng is non in þis world bot ȝe, no valianter of bon in cristendam als he.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cclxxxiv. 424 Sir Moreau of Fyennes..was a right valyant man of his handes.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward V f. v Antony Wooduile,..a wise, hardy and honourable personage, as valiaunte of handes as politique of counsaill.

†b. valiant beggar n. a sturdy beggar. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar > sturdy beggar

truantc1290

staff-striker1376

valiant beggar?1530

sturdy beggara1538

hallan-shaker1568

?1530 St. German's Dyaloge in Englysshe xvi. f. xxxv That no man..shuld gyue any almes to any valyant begger, that is well able to laboure.

1534 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 373 Harberor of valyeant begers and comyn woman.

1569 J. Sanford tr. H. C. Agrippa Of Vanitie Artes & Sci. 104 b The Emperoure made a streicte ordinance touching valiant beggars.

†c. Of things: Strong, firm. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by good growth > [adjective] > strong, vigorous, or plump

strongOE

thriftyc1440

well-brawneda1450

valiant1542

pubble1566

stout1573

corroborate1581

bunting1584

lusty1600

plump1600

vegetous1610

blought1611

boisterous1622

stocky1622

robust1627

steera1642

vegete1655

jollya1661

vigorous1706

well-to-do1852

the world > action or operation > safety > [adjective] > safe or secure > firm or strong

trest1508

valiant1542

1542 T. Becon Newe Pathway vnto Praier xvii. sig. H.iij For the name of the Lorde is a stronge tower & valeaunt Bulwarke.

1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1891) viii. 60 The Wheat and Rie endureth all the winter stormes & forces as a valiant and stout grayne.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 460 A Lyon hath a most valiant and strong head.

†d. Strong in respect of smell or taste. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > [adjective] > strong-tasting

strongeOE

stithc1000

violenta1398

tartc1405

froughc1420

high?c1430

lecherous1474

strong1588

brusque1601

valiant1607

pertish1635

haut-goût1645

full-flavoured1736

lively1770

gamey1820

ory1854

zestful?1855

robust1873

tangy1875

stewy1895

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [adjective] > descriptive of odours

stithc1000

violenta1398

hot1595

valiant1607

warm1720

gamey1820

weak1854

blazing1875

1607 T. Tomkis Lingua iv. iii This, if your breath be not too valiant, will make you smell as sweet as my lady's dog.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Cornw. 194 The scent thereof [i.e. garlic] is somewhat Valiant and Offensive.

a. Having or possessing courage; esp. acting with or showing boldness or bravery in fight or on the field of battle; bold, brave, courageous, stout-hearted.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > valour > [adjective]

well-doingeOE

orpedOE

eglechea1250

hendc1275

i-wihtc1275

valiantc1330

sadc1384

wighty14..

bounteousa1440

valorous1477

warlike1488

valorous1490

the mind > emotion > courage > valour > warlike valour > [adjective]

proudc1275

steepc1275

wightc1275

sturdy1297

stoutc1325

valiantc1330

stern1390

martialc1425

pertc1450

stalwartc1480

talla1529

handsome1665

α.

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 56 So that these heraldz on him crie, ‘Vailant, vailant, lo, wher he goth!’

c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 541 Sir Gawayn, knyght vailant.

1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iv. v. 176 And thus is hit of euery man the more vaillant the more honoured.

c1475 Partenay 5354 Thay were good knightes, waillant & worthy.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxiii. 423 Lepe to horse many a vailaunt knyght.

β. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 6952 I haue a broþer, sire Constaunt, God werrour, & man valliaunt.1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 9 Many tymes on Uttred Bretons bataile souht: Uttred was so valiant, he gaf of þam right nouht.?a1400 Morte Arth. 299 Of this grett velany I salle be vengede ones On ȝone venemus mene, wyth valiant knyghtes!1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. xlii. 482 The good knyghte Semound the valyaunt.c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xcii. 296 For he is so noble and so valyaunt that he fereth no man.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Rest of Esther xiii. D O Lorde Lorde, thou valeaunt and allmightie kynge.1578 T. Proctor Gorgious Gallery M iij b Wee subiect bee to griefe, eche horror feares The valiaunst harts, when death doth daunt the brest.1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. iv. 233 The inhabitants are valiant and warrelike people.1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 199 Crocodiles..cruell and yet valiant.1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads vi. 144 Glaucus.., Than whom a fairer person there was not, Nor valianter in all the Land.1706 Hist. Picts (ESTC T142053) x. 52 He levies a mighty and strong Army of the Valiantest, Warriors.1743 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Odes (new ed.) I. ii. i. 33 Panting with terror, I survey The martial host in dread array, The chiefs, how valiant and how just!1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iv. xviii. 152 It is the foe! Each valiant lord Fling by his bow, and grasp his sword!1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xii. 204 The Englishry generally respected him as a valiant, skilful, and generous enemy.1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. 68 In all these castles..William placed trusty and valiant captains.in extended use.?a1400 Morte Arth. 2573 His vesturis ryche, With the valyant blode was verrede alle ouer!a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. iii. 99 Those that leaue their valiant bones in France. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iii. i. 175 I gyrt thee with the valiant Sword of Yorke.1782 A. Highmore Ramble Coast Sussex (1873) 19 The beauteous form of woman..graced with..her smiles the feats of valiant Arms.in combination.1595 W. S. Lamentable Trag. Locrine ii. iii There might we see the valiant minded knights, Fetching carreers along the spatious plaines.1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. i. 90 I do not thinke a brauer Gentleman, More actiue, valiant, or more valiant yong,..is now aliue. γ. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. av^v The king stude..maist vailyeand to se.a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 222 Men of armes and vailȝeand knychtis.1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1890) II. 3 The wailȝeant cheiftane of God..Nehemias.1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 9 In the weiris thay war maist valȝeant, and in peace maist faithfull.

b. Const. of (courage, etc.).

ΚΠ

1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 298 Knyghtes & sergeantz, noble men fulle couth, Of prowes fulle valiantz.

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Fortis, valyant of corage.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iv. i. 47 A lad of life, an impe of fame: Of parents good, of fist most valiant.

1630 J. Taylor Jack a Lent in Wks. L 2 b I wish a plentifull encrease of good appetites and hungry stomackes, that euery one in their calling may proue valiant of their teeth.

c. absol. with the.

ΚΠ

1560 Bible (Geneva) Judges xxi. 10 Twelue thousand men of the moste valiant.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. ii. 71 b [The] most valiant of the valiauntest.

a1668 W. Davenant Poems (1672) 335 O harmless Death! whom still the valiant brave.

1718 M. Prior Henry & Emma 80 In Tilts and Turnaments the Valiant strove..to purchase Emma's Love.

1816 W. Wordsworth Ode, 1815 57 The valiant of this land.

†d. Of material things: Fine, splendid. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective]

faireOE

bremea1000

goodlyOE

goodfulc1275

noblec1300

pricec1300

specialc1325

gentlec1330

fine?c1335

singulara1340

thrivena1350

thriven and throa1350

gaya1375

properc1380

before-passinga1382

daintiful1393

principala1398

gradelya1400

burlyc1400

daintyc1400

thrivingc1400

voundec1400

virtuousc1425

hathelc1440

curiousc1475

singlerc1500

beautiful1502

rare?a1534

gallant1539

eximious1547

jolly1548

egregious?c1550

jellyc1560

goodlike1562

brawc1565

of worth1576

brave?1577

surprising1580

finger-licking1584

admirablea1586

excellinga1586

ambrosial1598

sublimated1603

excellent1604

valiant1604

fabulous1609

pure1609

starryc1610

topgallant1613

lovely1614

soaringa1616

twanging1616

preclarent1623

primea1637

prestantious1638

splendid1644

sterling1647

licking1648

spankinga1666

rattling1690

tearing1693

famous1695

capital1713

yrare1737

pure and —1742

daisy1757

immense1762

elegant1764

super-extra1774

trimming1778

grand1781

gallows1789

budgeree1793

crack1793

dandy1794

first rate1799

smick-smack1802

severe1805

neat1806

swell1810

stamming1814

divine1818

great1818

slap-up1823

slapping1825

high-grade1826

supernacular1828

heavenly1831

jam-up1832

slick1833

rip-roaring1834

boss1836

lummy1838

flash1840

slap1840

tall1840

high-graded1841

awful1843

way up1843

exalting1844

hot1845

ripsnorting1846

clipping1848

stupendous1848

stunning1849

raving1850

shrewd1851

jammy1853

slashing1854

rip-staving1856

ripping1858

screaming1859

up to dick1863

nifty1865

premier cru1866

slap-bang1866

clinking1868

marvellous1868

rorty1868

terrific1871

spiffing1872

all wool and a yard wide1882

gorgeous1883

nailing1883

stellar1883

gaudy1884

fizzing1885

réussi1885

ding-dong1887

jim-dandy1888

extra-special1889

yum-yum1890

out of sight1891

outasight1893

smooth1893

corking1895

large1895

super1895

hot dog1896

to die for1898

yummy1899

deevy1900

peachy1900

hi1901

v.g.1901

v.h.c.1901

divvy1903

doozy1903

game ball1905

goodo1905

bosker1906

crackerjack1910

smashinga1911

jake1914

keen1914

posh1914

bobby-dazzling1915

juicy1916

pie on1916

jakeloo1919

snodger1919

whizz-bang1920

wicked1920

four-star1921

wow1921

Rolls-Royce1922

whizz-bang1922

wizard1922

barry1923

nummy1923

ripe1923

shrieking1926

crazy1927

righteous1930

marvy1932

cool1933

plenty1933

brahmaa1935

smoking1934

solid1935

mellow1936

groovy1937

tough1937

bottler1938

fantastic1938

readyc1938

ridge1938

super-duper1938

extraordinaire1940

rumpty1940

sharp1940

dodger1941

grouse1941

perfecto1941

pipperoo1945

real gone1946

bosting1947

supersonic1947

whizzo1948

neato1951

peachy-keen1951

ridgey-dite1953

ridgy-didge1953

top1953

whizzing1953

badass1955

wild1955

belting1956

magic1956

bitching1957

swinging1958

ridiculous1959

a treat1959

fab1961

bad-assed1962

uptight1962

diggish1963

cracker1964

marv1964

radical1964

bakgat1965

unreal1965

pearly1966

together1968

safe1970

bad1971

brilliant1971

fabby1971

schmick1972

butt-kicking1973

ripper1973

Tiffany1973

bodacious1976

rad1976

kif1978

awesome1979

death1979

killer1979

fly1980

shiok1980

stonking1980

brill1981

dope1981

to die1982

mint1982

epic1983

kicking1983

fabbo1984

mega1985

ill1986

posho1989

pukka1991

lovely jubbly1992

awesomesauce2001

nang2002

bess2006

amazeballs2009

boasty2009

daebak2009

beaut2013

1604 T. Middleton Blacke Bk. D iij b A valiant Buffe Doublet, stuft with Points like a Legge of Mutton with Parslye.

3. Characterized by, performed with, or exhibiting valour or courage; of a valorous character or nature.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > valour > [adjective]

well-doingeOE

orpedOE

eglechea1250

hendc1275

i-wihtc1275

valiantc1330

sadc1384

wighty14..

bounteousa1440

valorous1477

warlike1488

valorous1490

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 12576 Schame hit were þat eyþer ȝede Wiþouten bataille or vaillaunte dede.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 133 He did full mony valȝeant deid In Rois and Murray land.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lv. 188 His barons stode styll to beholde his valyaunt dedes.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 304 Before Winter be past I will enter into Fraunce, in puyssaunt and valyaunt maner.

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 75 The foresaide captaine with his armie..gaue them such a valiant onset, that the greater part of them was slaine.

1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. iii. 9 The valiant Exhortation of an old man,..chang'd the minds and fortune of the whole City.

1845 T. Carlyle in O. Cromwell Lett. & Speeches I. 88 Truly with valiant patient energy,..it carried,..its Petition of Right.

1907 Trans. Devon Assoc. 51 The valiant deeds of the great reign of Elizabeth.

†4. Of great worth or merit; worthy. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > worth > [adjective]

dearc888

dearworthc888

worthlyeOE

oughtsOE

worthfulOE

aughtOE

richa1225

gildenc1225

of pricea1325

worthya1325

of (‥) valourc1330

prow1340

dearworthyc1374

of value1395

pricefula1400

presc1400

singularc1400

goldena1425

well-foundc1475

valiant1481

prized1487

prowousa1500

valuable1567

prizable1569

valorous1592

suit-worth1594

bully1600

estimable1600

treasurable1607

treasurous?1611

treasured1675

pearly1770

at a premium1828

keep-worthy1830

good value1842

1481 W. Caxton tr. Mirror of World (1913) i. v. 25 Other philosophres ther were..prudent alle and valyant, seen that they set to fore alle other thynges clergye.

†5. Marked or characterized by the use of strength. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] > characterized by use of strength

strong?c1225

valiant1531

Herculean1596

Samsonistic1849

Samsonian1861

powerhouse1928

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxvii. sig. Mviii That some be done with extending of myght, and as hit were violently, and that is called valiaunt exercise.

†6.

a. Worth (a specified sum). Also const. in (goods or property). Cf. vail v.¹. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > monetary value > [adjective] > of specified value

wortheOE

worthy1387

of value1395

of (great, little, etc.) valoura1450

of (great, etc.) valor1467

valiant1590

1590 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. IV. 557 The said Thomas is bot ane puir man.., not valiant in substance and guidis ane hundreth pundis.

1603 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1884) 1st Ser. VI. 525 All..landit gentlemen, valiant tuentie chalderis of victuall.

1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one i. sig. A3^v A rich country widdow foure hundred a yeare valiant, in Woods, in Bullocks, in Barnes and in Rye-stacks.

†b. Scottish. As n. Value or worth. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > worth > [noun]

worthOE

worthfulnessOE

price?c1225

savour?c1225

aughtshipc1275

dearworthinessc1325

worthiness1372

preciousnessc1390

richesa1400

preciosity1402

valeur1433

valurec1440

preciousheadc1450

vail1471

paragea1475

valour?a1475

availa1522

vailance1532

validity1593

carat1600

condignity1605

valiant1606

esteeming1609

self-worth1610

telling1636

valuableness?1649

worthship1664

treasurableness1898

1606 Sc. Acts, Jas. VI (1816) IV. 286 The saidis decreittis..may bring þe danger of the ȝeirlie violent proffeittis vpoun the persones,..thairby surmounting often tymes thair haill valient.

†7. Scottish. Valid, effective, decisive. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > foundation in fact, validity > [adjective]

goodOE

substantial1419

soundc1440

allowablec1443

stronga1475

stable1481

infallible1526

sore1530

sincere1536

acknowledged1548

of…validity1581

firm1600

acknowledgeable1630

valiant1632

infallid1635

valid1651

copper-bottomed1890

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iv. 143 Their..definitiue sentence in Lawe or Religion is..absolutely valiant.

8. As n. One who is valiant; a brave or courageous person.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > hero > person of mettle

heart1340

heart of oakc1384

bolda1400

doughtya1400

stalworthc1400

sternc1400

Ironsidea1470

stalwart1508

galliard1532

lada1556

stoutheart1556

hardydardy1593

valour1609

valiant1610

fireman1648

hearty1790

my (also me) hearty1839

1610 Bible (Douay) II. Jer. xlvi. 9 Get ye up on horses, and in chariots, and let the valiants come forth.

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Sam. xxi. (heading) Foure battels against the Philistines, wherein foure valiants of Dauid slay foure gyants.

a1722 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers Pref. (1795) A 4 For the most eminent Valiants among this People in the Beginning were not Men of Note or Learning, tho' of great Courage.

1909 Westm. Gaz. 25 May 4/1 Valiants of the wheel who, when they cannot drive, will tramp over the dreary marshes of Turkestan.

Derivatives

† ˈvaliant v. Obsolete (transitive) to render valiant.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)]

hearteOE

bieldc897

hardenc1175

elnea1225

hardyc1225

boldc1275

hardishc1325

endurec1384

assurec1386

emboldc1400

recomfortc1405

enharda1450

support1479

enhardy1483

animatec1487

encourage1490

emboldishc1503

hearten1524

bolden1526

spright1531

raise1533

accourage1534

enheart1545

to hearten on1555

hearten?1556

alacriate1560

bespirit1574

bebrave1576

to put in heart1579

to hearten up1580

embolden1583

bravea1593

enhearten1610

inspiritc1610

rehearten1611

blood1622

mana1625

valiant1628

flush1633

firm1639

buoy1645

embrave1648

reinhearten1652

reanimate1655

reinspirit1660

to give mettle to1689

warm1697

to lift (up) a person's spirits1711

reman1715

to make a man of1722

respirit1725

elate1726

to cocker up1762

enharden1779

nerve1799

boost1815

brace1816

high-mettle1831

braven1865

brazen1884

1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. lxxv. sig. X4 Sure, Vertue is a Defendresse, and valiants the heart of man.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	valiant
释义	valiantadj.n. Brit. /ˈvalɪənt/, U.S. /ˈvæljənt/ Forms: α. Middle English vaillaunte, vaylaunt, vailant, Middle English -aunt, vaillant, waillant. β. Middle English, 1500s valliaunt, Middle English valya(u)nte, Middle English–1500s valya(u)nt, 1500s waly-, valiaunt(e, Scottish valliant, Middle English– valiant (1500s–1600s valient); 1500s valeaunt(e, valeant, Scottish vaill-, wailleant. γ. (Chiefly Scottish) Middle English–1500s vailȝeand, 1500s vail(l)-, wailȝeant, -ȝeand, val(l)-, wal(l)ȝeand, -ȝeant, -yeant, -ieȝeand, -ieȝeant, -ieand, etc. Etymology: < Old French vailant (-and, Anglo-Norman vaylant), vaillant (Anglo-Norman -aunt), present participle of valoir to be of worth < Latin valēre. Compare Italian valente, Portuguese valente, Spanish valiente. The comparative valianter, superlative valiantest were formerly frequent, the latter occurring occasionally in the 16th and 17th centuries in the shortened forms valiaunst, valianst, valienst. 1. a. Of persons: Stalwart of body, bone, hands.Probably with some implication of sense 2. In modern Sussex dialect the sense of ‘stout, well-built’ is recorded. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] mightyeOE strongOE bigc1300 boldc1300 fort13.. steer13.. steevec1300 valiant1303 stalwortha1340 fortin1340 strengthfula1382 stout1390 pithya1400 tora1400 mighteda1470 strengthyc1485 forcy1488 nervy1598 nervous1616 whipcordy1856 Tarzanesque1933 Tarzan-like1943 the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] > robust strongeOE hardOE stalworthc1175 starka1250 stiff1297 steel to the (very) backa1300 stalworthyc1300 wightc1300 stable13.. valiant1303 stithc1325 toughc1330 wrast1338 stoura1350 sadc1384 wighty14.. derfc1440 substantialc1460 well-jointed1483 felon1487 robust1490 stalwart1508 stoutya1529 robustous?1531 rankc1540 hardy1548 robustious1548 stout1576 rustical1583 rustic1620 iron1638 robustic1652 swankinga1704 strapping1707 rugged1731 solid1741 vaudy1793 flaithulach1829 ironbark1833 swankie1838 tough as (old) boots or leather1843 skookum1847 hard (also tough, sharp) as nails1862 hard-assed1954 nails1974 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 4370 Þys Conred had a seriaunt, A wys man, and of body vaylaunt. 1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 9 So wis he was in dede, of body so valiant. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 3538 Richer kyng is non in þis world bot ȝe, no valianter of bon in cristendam als he. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cclxxxiv. 424 Sir Moreau of Fyennes..was a right valyant man of his handes. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward V f. v Antony Wooduile,..a wise, hardy and honourable personage, as valiaunte of handes as politique of counsaill. †b. valiant beggar n. a sturdy beggar. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar > sturdy beggar truantc1290 staff-striker1376 valiant beggar?1530 sturdy beggara1538 hallan-shaker1568 ?1530 St. German's Dyaloge in Englysshe xvi. f. xxxv That no man..shuld gyue any almes to any valyant begger, that is well able to laboure. 1534 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 373 Harberor of valyeant begers and comyn woman. 1569 J. Sanford tr. H. C. Agrippa Of Vanitie Artes & Sci. 104 b The Emperoure made a streicte ordinance touching valiant beggars. †c. Of things: Strong, firm. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by good growth > [adjective] > strong, vigorous, or plump strongOE thriftyc1440 well-brawneda1450 valiant1542 pubble1566 stout1573 corroborate1581 bunting1584 lusty1600 plump1600 vegetous1610 blought1611 boisterous1622 stocky1622 robust1627 steera1642 vegete1655 jollya1661 vigorous1706 well-to-do1852 the world > action or operation > safety > [adjective] > safe or secure > firm or strong trest1508 valiant1542 1542 T. Becon Newe Pathway vnto Praier xvii. sig. H.iij For the name of the Lorde is a stronge tower & valeaunt Bulwarke. 1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1891) viii. 60 The Wheat and Rie endureth all the winter stormes & forces as a valiant and stout grayne. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 460 A Lyon hath a most valiant and strong head. †d. Strong in respect of smell or taste. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > [adjective] > strong-tasting strongeOE stithc1000 violenta1398 tartc1405 froughc1420 high?c1430 lecherous1474 strong1588 brusque1601 valiant1607 pertish1635 haut-goût1645 full-flavoured1736 lively1770 gamey1820 ory1854 zestful?1855 robust1873 tangy1875 stewy1895 the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [adjective] > descriptive of odours stithc1000 violenta1398 hot1595 valiant1607 warm1720 gamey1820 weak1854 blazing1875 1607 T. Tomkis Lingua iv. iii This, if your breath be not too valiant, will make you smell as sweet as my lady's dog. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Cornw. 194 The scent thereof [i.e. garlic] is somewhat Valiant and Offensive. 2. a. Having or possessing courage; esp. acting with or showing boldness or bravery in fight or on the field of battle; bold, brave, courageous, stout-hearted. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > valour > [adjective] well-doingeOE orpedOE eglechea1250 hendc1275 i-wihtc1275 valiantc1330 valiantc1330 sadc1384 wighty14.. bounteousa1440 valorous1477 warlike1488 valorous1490 the mind > emotion > courage > valour > warlike valour > [adjective] proudc1275 steepc1275 wightc1275 sturdy1297 stoutc1325 valiantc1330 stern1390 martialc1425 pertc1450 stalwartc1480 talla1529 handsome1665 α. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 56 So that these heraldz on him crie, ‘Vailant, vailant, lo, wher he goth!’ c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 541 Sir Gawayn, knyght vailant. 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iv. v. 176 And thus is hit of euery man the more vaillant the more honoured. c1475 Partenay 5354 Thay were good knightes, waillant & worthy. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxiii. 423 Lepe to horse many a vailaunt knyght. β. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 6952 I haue a broþer, sire Constaunt, God werrour, & man valliaunt.1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 9 Many tymes on Uttred Bretons bataile souht: Uttred was so valiant, he gaf of þam right nouht.?a1400 Morte Arth. 299 Of this grett velany I salle be vengede ones On ȝone venemus mene, wyth valiant knyghtes!1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. xlii. 482 The good knyghte Semound the valyaunt.c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xcii. 296 For he is so noble and so valyaunt that he fereth no man.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Rest of Esther xiii. D O Lorde Lorde, thou valeaunt and allmightie kynge.1578 T. Proctor Gorgious Gallery M iij b Wee subiect bee to griefe, eche horror feares The valiaunst harts, when death doth daunt the brest.1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. iv. 233 The inhabitants are valiant and warrelike people.1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 199 Crocodiles..cruell and yet valiant.1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads vi. 144 Glaucus.., Than whom a fairer person there was not, Nor valianter in all the Land.1706 Hist. Picts (ESTC T142053) x. 52 He levies a mighty and strong Army of the Valiantest, Warriors.1743 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Odes (new ed.) I. ii. i. 33 Panting with terror, I survey The martial host in dread array, The chiefs, how valiant and how just!1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iv. xviii. 152 It is the foe! Each valiant lord Fling by his bow, and grasp his sword!1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xii. 204 The Englishry generally respected him as a valiant, skilful, and generous enemy.1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. 68 In all these castles..William placed trusty and valiant captains.in extended use.?a1400 Morte Arth. 2573 His vesturis ryche, With the valyant blode was verrede alle ouer!a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. iii. 99 Those that leaue their valiant bones in France. View more context for this quotationa1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iii. i. 175 I gyrt thee with the valiant Sword of Yorke.1782 A. Highmore Ramble Coast Sussex (1873) 19 The beauteous form of woman..graced with..her smiles the feats of valiant Arms.in combination.1595 W. S. Lamentable Trag. Locrine ii. iii There might we see the valiant minded knights, Fetching carreers along the spatious plaines.1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. i. 90 I do not thinke a brauer Gentleman, More actiue, valiant, or more valiant yong,..is now aliue. View more context for this quotationγ. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. av^v The king stude..maist vailyeand to se.a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 222 Men of armes and vailȝeand knychtis.1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1890) II. 3 The wailȝeant cheiftane of God..Nehemias.1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 9 In the weiris thay war maist valȝeant, and in peace maist faithfull. b. Const. of (courage, etc.). ΚΠ 1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 298 Knyghtes & sergeantz, noble men fulle couth, Of prowes fulle valiantz. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Fortis, valyant of corage. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iv. i. 47 A lad of life, an impe of fame: Of parents good, of fist most valiant. 1630 J. Taylor Jack a Lent in Wks. L 2 b I wish a plentifull encrease of good appetites and hungry stomackes, that euery one in their calling may proue valiant of their teeth. c. absol. with the. ΚΠ 1560 Bible (Geneva) Judges xxi. 10 Twelue thousand men of the moste valiant. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. ii. 71 b [The] most valiant of the valiauntest. a1668 W. Davenant Poems (1672) 335 O harmless Death! whom still the valiant brave. 1718 M. Prior Henry & Emma 80 In Tilts and Turnaments the Valiant strove..to purchase Emma's Love. 1816 W. Wordsworth Ode, 1815 57 The valiant of this land. †d. Of material things: Fine, splendid. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective] faireOE bremea1000 goodlyOE goodfulc1275 noblec1300 pricec1300 specialc1325 gentlec1330 fine?c1335 singulara1340 thrivena1350 thriven and throa1350 gaya1375 properc1380 before-passinga1382 daintiful1393 principala1398 gradelya1400 burlyc1400 daintyc1400 thrivingc1400 voundec1400 virtuousc1425 hathelc1440 curiousc1475 singlerc1500 beautiful1502 rare?a1534 gallant1539 eximious1547 jolly1548 egregious?c1550 jellyc1560 goodlike1562 brawc1565 of worth1576 brave?1577 surprising1580 finger-licking1584 admirablea1586 excellinga1586 ambrosial1598 sublimated1603 excellent1604 valiant1604 fabulous1609 pure1609 starryc1610 topgallant1613 lovely1614 soaringa1616 twanging1616 preclarent1623 primea1637 prestantious1638 splendid1644 sterling1647 licking1648 spankinga1666 rattling1690 tearing1693 famous1695 capital1713 yrare1737 pure and —1742 daisy1757 immense1762 elegant1764 super-extra1774 trimming1778 grand1781 gallows1789 budgeree1793 crack1793 dandy1794 first rate1799 smick-smack1802 severe1805 neat1806 swell1810 stamming1814 divine1818 great1818 slap-up1823 slapping1825 high-grade1826 supernacular1828 heavenly1831 jam-up1832 slick1833 rip-roaring1834 boss1836 lummy1838 flash1840 slap1840 tall1840 high-graded1841 awful1843 way up1843 exalting1844 hot1845 ripsnorting1846 clipping1848 stupendous1848 stunning1849 raving1850 shrewd1851 jammy1853 slashing1854 rip-staving1856 ripping1858 screaming1859 up to dick1863 nifty1865 premier cru1866 slap-bang1866 clinking1868 marvellous1868 rorty1868 terrific1871 spiffing1872 all wool and a yard wide1882 gorgeous1883 nailing1883 stellar1883 gaudy1884 fizzing1885 réussi1885 ding-dong1887 jim-dandy1888 extra-special1889 yum-yum1890 out of sight1891 outasight1893 smooth1893 corking1895 large1895 super1895 hot dog1896 to die for1898 yummy1899 deevy1900 peachy1900 hi1901 v.g.1901 v.h.c.1901 divvy1903 doozy1903 game ball1905 goodo1905 bosker1906 crackerjack1910 smashinga1911 jake1914 keen1914 posh1914 bobby-dazzling1915 juicy1916 pie on1916 jakeloo1919 snodger1919 whizz-bang1920 wicked1920 four-star1921 wow1921 Rolls-Royce1922 whizz-bang1922 wizard1922 barry1923 nummy1923 ripe1923 shrieking1926 crazy1927 righteous1930 marvy1932 cool1933 plenty1933 brahmaa1935 smoking1934 solid1935 mellow1936 groovy1937 tough1937 bottler1938 fantastic1938 readyc1938 ridge1938 super-duper1938 extraordinaire1940 rumpty1940 sharp1940 dodger1941 grouse1941 perfecto1941 pipperoo1945 real gone1946 bosting1947 supersonic1947 whizzo1948 neato1951 peachy-keen1951 ridgey-dite1953 ridgy-didge1953 top1953 whizzing1953 badass1955 wild1955 belting1956 magic1956 bitching1957 swinging1958 ridiculous1959 a treat1959 fab1961 bad-assed1962 uptight1962 diggish1963 cracker1964 marv1964 radical1964 bakgat1965 unreal1965 pearly1966 together1968 safe1970 bad1971 brilliant1971 fabby1971 schmick1972 butt-kicking1973 ripper1973 Tiffany1973 bodacious1976 rad1976 kif1978 awesome1979 death1979 killer1979 fly1980 shiok1980 stonking1980 brill1981 dope1981 to die1982 mint1982 epic1983 kicking1983 fabbo1984 mega1985 ill1986 posho1989 pukka1991 lovely jubbly1992 awesomesauce2001 nang2002 bess2006 amazeballs2009 boasty2009 daebak2009 beaut2013 1604 T. Middleton Blacke Bk. D iij b A valiant Buffe Doublet, stuft with Points like a Legge of Mutton with Parslye. 3. Characterized by, performed with, or exhibiting valour or courage; of a valorous character or nature. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > valour > [adjective] well-doingeOE orpedOE eglechea1250 hendc1275 i-wihtc1275 valiantc1330 valiantc1330 sadc1384 wighty14.. bounteousa1440 valorous1477 warlike1488 valorous1490 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 12576 Schame hit were þat eyþer ȝede Wiþouten bataille or vaillaunte dede. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 133 He did full mony valȝeant deid In Rois and Murray land. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lv. 188 His barons stode styll to beholde his valyaunt dedes. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 304 Before Winter be past I will enter into Fraunce, in puyssaunt and valyaunt maner. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 75 The foresaide captaine with his armie..gaue them such a valiant onset, that the greater part of them was slaine. 1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. iii. 9 The valiant Exhortation of an old man,..chang'd the minds and fortune of the whole City. 1845 T. Carlyle in O. Cromwell Lett. & Speeches I. 88 Truly with valiant patient energy,..it carried,..its Petition of Right. 1907 Trans. Devon Assoc. 51 The valiant deeds of the great reign of Elizabeth. †4. Of great worth or merit; worthy. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > worth > [adjective] dearc888 dearworthc888 worthlyeOE oughtsOE worthfulOE aughtOE richa1225 gildenc1225 of pricea1325 worthya1325 of (‥) valourc1330 prow1340 dearworthyc1374 of value1395 pricefula1400 presc1400 singularc1400 goldena1425 well-foundc1475 valiant1481 prized1487 prowousa1500 valuable1567 prizable1569 valorous1592 suit-worth1594 bully1600 estimable1600 treasurable1607 treasurous?1611 treasured1675 pearly1770 at a premium1828 keep-worthy1830 good value1842 1481 W. Caxton tr. Mirror of World (1913) i. v. 25 Other philosophres ther were..prudent alle and valyant, seen that they set to fore alle other thynges clergye. †5. Marked or characterized by the use of strength. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] > characterized by use of strength strong?c1225 valiant1531 Herculean1596 Samsonistic1849 Samsonian1861 powerhouse1928 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxvii. sig. Mviii That some be done with extending of myght, and as hit were violently, and that is called valiaunt exercise. †6. a. Worth (a specified sum). Also const. in (goods or property). Cf. vail v.¹. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > [adjective] > of specified value wortheOE worthy1387 of value1395 of (great, little, etc.) valoura1450 of (great, etc.) valor1467 valiant1590 1590 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. IV. 557 The said Thomas is bot ane puir man.., not valiant in substance and guidis ane hundreth pundis. 1603 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1884) 1st Ser. VI. 525 All..landit gentlemen, valiant tuentie chalderis of victuall. 1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one i. sig. A3^v A rich country widdow foure hundred a yeare valiant, in Woods, in Bullocks, in Barnes and in Rye-stacks. †b. Scottish. As n. Value or worth. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > worth > [noun] worthOE worthfulnessOE price?c1225 savour?c1225 aughtshipc1275 dearworthinessc1325 worthiness1372 preciousnessc1390 richesa1400 preciosity1402 valeur1433 valurec1440 preciousheadc1450 vail1471 paragea1475 valour?a1475 availa1522 vailance1532 validity1593 carat1600 condignity1605 valiant1606 esteeming1609 self-worth1610 telling1636 valuableness?1649 worthship1664 treasurableness1898 1606 Sc. Acts, Jas. VI (1816) IV. 286 The saidis decreittis..may bring þe danger of the ȝeirlie violent proffeittis vpoun the persones,..thairby surmounting often tymes thair haill valient. †7. Scottish. Valid, effective, decisive. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > foundation in fact, validity > [adjective] goodOE substantial1419 soundc1440 allowablec1443 stronga1475 stable1481 infallible1526 sore1530 sincere1536 acknowledged1548 of…validity1581 firm1600 acknowledgeable1630 valiant1632 infallid1635 valid1651 copper-bottomed1890 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iv. 143 Their..definitiue sentence in Lawe or Religion is..absolutely valiant. 8. As n. One who is valiant; a brave or courageous person. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > hero > person of mettle heart1340 heart of oakc1384 bolda1400 doughtya1400 stalworthc1400 sternc1400 Ironsidea1470 stalwart1508 galliard1532 lada1556 stoutheart1556 hardydardy1593 valour1609 valiant1610 fireman1648 hearty1790 my (also me) hearty1839 1610 Bible (Douay) II. Jer. xlvi. 9 Get ye up on horses, and in chariots, and let the valiants come forth. 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Sam. xxi. (heading) Foure battels against the Philistines, wherein foure valiants of Dauid slay foure gyants. a1722 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers Pref. (1795) A 4 For the most eminent Valiants among this People in the Beginning were not Men of Note or Learning, tho' of great Courage. 1909 Westm. Gaz. 25 May 4/1 Valiants of the wheel who, when they cannot drive, will tramp over the dreary marshes of Turkestan. Derivatives † ˈvaliant v. Obsolete (transitive) to render valiant. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)] hearteOE bieldc897 hardenc1175 elnea1225 hardyc1225 boldc1275 hardishc1325 endurec1384 assurec1386 emboldc1400 recomfortc1405 enharda1450 support1479 enhardy1483 animatec1487 encourage1490 emboldishc1503 hearten1524 bolden1526 spright1531 raise1533 accourage1534 enheart1545 to hearten on1555 hearten?1556 alacriate1560 bespirit1574 bebrave1576 to put in heart1579 to hearten up1580 embolden1583 bravea1593 enhearten1610 inspiritc1610 rehearten1611 blood1622 mana1625 valiant1628 flush1633 firm1639 buoy1645 embrave1648 reinhearten1652 reanimate1655 reinspirit1660 to give mettle to1689 warm1697 to lift (up) a person's spirits1711 reman1715 to make a man of1722 respirit1725 elate1726 to cocker up1762 enharden1779 nerve1799 boost1815 brace1816 high-mettle1831 braven1865 brazen1884 1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. lxxv. sig. X4 Sure, Vertue is a Defendresse, and valiants the heart of man. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.1303
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