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单词 vesta
释义

Vestan.

Brit. /ˈvɛstə/, U.S. /ˈvɛstə/
Forms: Also Middle English Veste.
Etymology: < Latin Vesta, the goddess of that name (see sense 1) answering to the Greek Ἑστία, identical with ἑστία hearth, house, household.
1. Mythology. A Roman female divinity, the daughter of Saturn, goddess of the hearth and household.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Vesta
Vestaa1387
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 73 He ȝaf a temple..wiþ fyre to þe goddes Vesta and here maydenes to be worschipped.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 157 Sche which was the Prioresse In Vestes temple the goddesse.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ii. v. 91 The..garlandis Of Vesta, goddes of the erd and fyre.
1589 R. Greene Ciceronis Amor 23 Vestas virgins with their holy fires: Doe cleanse the thoughts that fancie hath defilde.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxviii. xi. 676 The minds of men were put in feare, for the going out of the fire in the chappell of Vesta.
1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 38 Yet thou art higher far descended, Thee bright-hair'd Vesta..To solitary Saturn bore.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 246 He said, and brought me..The venerable Statues of the Gods: With ancient Vesta from the sacred Quire.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Vestals The Romans were not the only People who kept the perpetual Fire of Vesta, in imitation of the celestial Fires.
a1822 P. B. Shelley Witch of Atlas xxxiv, in Posthumous Poems (1824) 40 Couched..as on Vesta's sceptre a swift flame.
1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 285/1 Vesta was regarded as the goddess of domestic union and happiness.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 193/1 If ever the sacred fire of Vesta did go out, the negligent vestal was to be punished by scourging.
attributive.1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 193/1 Fire was solemnly sent from the prytaneum or Vesta temple of the mother colony.
2. Astronomy. One of the minor planets, revolving in an orbit between Mars and Jupiter.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > minor planet or asteroid > [noun] > specific
Vesta1807
Juno1834
Victoria1851
psyche1852
Urania1855
iris1858
Sappho1864
Clio1867
Euterpe1867
Virginia1868
Eros1900
Trojan1918
Amor1932
1807 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 97 245 Observations and Measurements of the Planet Vesta.
1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 285/2 Vesta performs its revolution in about 1326 mean solar days.
1868 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 3) 214 The distance, and other elements of the orbit of Vesta, presented serious differences both with this theory and Bode's law.
3. Used as the distinctive name of a special make of household stove.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > stove > types of stove
bath-stove1591
pech1591
stewpot1688
kitchen range1733
cockle1775
copper-hole1785
Franklin stove1787
kitchen stove1795
gas stove1818
calefactor1831
thermometer-stove1838
Vesta1843
airtight1844
ship-hearth1858
base-burner1861
wood-stove1875
box1878
tortoise1884
wood-burner1901
Quebec heater1903
pot belly1920
cosy stove1926–7
oil stove1934
paraffin stove1995
1843 Penny Cycl. XXVII. 68/2 In..the ‘Vesta stove’,..the ashes can be raked from the grate..without any dust rising into the room.
1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 422/2 The various stoves, Vesta, Chunk, &c.,..are all founded on the Arnott Stove.
4. A kind of wax match. Originally attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > match, spill, or taper for lighting > specifically ignited by friction
allumette1601
fire cane1644
paper match1780
Strasbourg match1825
match1830
lucifer match1831
fusee1832
loco-foco1835
oxymuriatic match1835
Congreve1839
Vesta1839
friction-match1847
safety match1850
German Congreve1851
Vesuvian1853
star1862
safety1876
tandstickor1884
post-and-railsa1890
book match1899
Swan Vesta1908
1839 C. Sinclair Holiday House ii. 25 Laura afterwards singed a hole in her muslin frock, while lighting one of the Vesta matches to seal these numerous notes.
1857 Act 20 & 21 Victoria c. 62 §2 The following Duties of Customs shall be charged:..Lucifers, Vesta, of Wax, the 1,000 Matches, 0. 0. 0½.
1859 K. Cornwallis Panorama New World I. 326 Wax vestas, pipes, maccaroni, and candles.
1863 F. A. Abel in London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 26 356 Varieties of wax or Vesta matches.
1864 G. L. M. Strauss et al. England's Workshops 233 The vesta boxes are put in parcels of half-a-dozen and one dozen.
1886 D. C. Murray First Person Sing. xix Frost's trembling fingers had to strike one or two vestas.
1899 T. M. Ellis Three Cat's-eye Rings 68 The major pulled a vesta-case from his pocket.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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