请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 villein in gross
释义

> as lemmas

villein in gross
1. One of the class of serfs in the feudal system; spec. a peasant occupier or cultivator entirely subject to a lord ( villein in gross gross n.4 2e) or attached to a manor ( villein regardant regardant adj. 1); a tenant in villeinage; also applied to a person regarded as holding a similar position in other communities, a bondsman. †Hence formerly in general use, a peasant, country labourer, or low-born rustic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > villein or cottar
cotsetlac1000
grassman1282
carla1300
villeina1325
tike1377
villeiness1611
serf1761
cotset1809
cottar1809
society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific ranks of common people > [noun] > villein
laeta1000
cotsetlac1000
bondmanc1250
bondc1275
grassman1282
husbanda1300
youngerman?c1300
boundec1320
villeina1325
tike1377
carla1400
cotset1809
cottar1809
society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > serfdom > [noun] > serf
town manOE
townsmanOE
churl?c1225
carla1300
villeina1325
peasant1550
serf1611
helot1823
robotnik1945
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > by service or allegiance > in villeinage
villeina1325
villan1552
villaner1862
villar1874
α.
a1325 Statutes of Realm in MS Rawl. B.520 f. 56v Also lith assise after excepcion of villenage ȝif þat vileyn vnder his louerdes power purchasede ani lond.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 325 Nou lete we this maiden hiere, And speke of Dionise ayein And of Theophile the vilein, Of whiche I spak of nou tofore. [Cf. p. 320, l. 1358.]
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) 191 Olifauntz..that he makethe for to ben brought up amonges his Vileynes.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1913) II. l. 11625 And whiles the veleyn hadde seyd al this, Evere stood sire Vlphyn and herkened, j-wys.
1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1743/2 In case my aduersaries villaine [1587 villen] or bondman be empanelled, I may lawfully chalenge him.
1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes ii. f. 34 Amongest the second sort are comprehended such as lacke freedome, & full liberty, as bond-slaue, slaues, and villeines.
1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 146 If any Villeine or Bondman of blood hath purchased any land within his Lordship, the Lord may seise both it and such villeines goods at his pleasure.
1648 D. Jenkins Wks. 10 The Villeine of a Lord, in the presence of the King cannot be seized.
1699 W. Temple Introd. Hist. Eng. 65 The Villens, that held nothing but at the Will of the Landlord.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 72 Villeins might be enfranchised by manumission.
1775 Archaeologia 3 80 Is it probable, that two day labourers, and at that time villeins, should have any fine to compound?
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 256 After the conquest the estates of the great lords were cultivated by their villeins.
1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. i. v. 71 The villeins are many, and their hate is strong.
1875 K. E. Digby Introd. Hist. Law Real Prop. i. 42 If the villein could not depart from the land, no more could the lord remove him so long as he rendered the service due to the lord.
figurative.1607 S. Hieron Platforme Obed. in Wks. (1620) I. 333 The scorner and scoffer at the word, is euen a villen to his own profanenes.β. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. iii. 277 That..alle men of worship maye disseuer a gentylman fro a yoman, and from a yoman a vylayne.1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 148/2 It happed upon a day that he tormented a vylayn or a carle for the couetyse of hys good.1531 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student (new ed.) xliii. f. cxv Yf a vyllayn be made a preste, yet neuertheles the lorde may sease his goodes.1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. ciiij There were slain and taken foure hundred gentlemen and the villaines frankely let go.1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 366 Bondseruants, whiche we do now sence call by a strained worde Villaines ar not here talked of.1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlv. xliv. 1233 b This K[ing]..was wont..to acknowledge & cal himselfe the freed villaine and vassaile of the people of Rome.1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 156 John Cut,..Henry Wyat, and such other Caitifes and Villaines of Birth, have beene the principall Finders.1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 267 They are Preferred to no higher Employment than to Cultivate the Earth as Villains, not Inheritors.1714 Spectator No. 607. ⁋12 The Steward shall cause these two Neighbours to swear..if he be a Free-man, or a Villain.1750 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 602 An act for disabling the villains or copyholders of prelates and monasteries to purchase lands in fee.1776 D. Dalrymple Ann. Scotl. I. 320 A covenant between the Lord and the villain.1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. 168 They [the judges] were likewise required..to receive the oath of fealty from all persons from the earl down to the villain.1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. iii. 62 Time out of mind the services of the villains had been commutable for money payments.1876 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest V. 478 The villain was not a slave, but a freeman minus the very important rights of his lord. As against all men but his lord, he was free.
extracted from villeinn.
<
as lemmas
随便看

 

英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/1/31 1:17:37