venousadj.

Brit.

/ˈviːnəs/, U.S.

/ˈvinəs/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin vēnōsus.

Etymology: < classical Latin vēnōsus full of blood vessels, veiny, (of plants, leaves) full of veins, (of minerals) full of vein-like markings, in post-classical Latin also having the form or function of a vein (a1590 in the passage translated in quot. 1634 at sense 2a, or earlier), (of blood) contained in the veins (1651 in the passage translated in quot. 1653 at sense 3a, or earlier) < vēna vein n. + -ōsus -ose suffix¹; compare -ous suffix. Compare earlier veinous adj., veiny adj., venose adj. Compare also earlier arterious adj.Compare Middle French veneux, French veineux (1549), Spanish venoso (15th cent.), both earliest in sense ‘of or relating to veins’.

†1. Having numerous or prominent veins (in various senses). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [adjective] > having or not having veins

venose?a1425

venous1626

nervous1668

veiny1681

nervose1753

nerveless1783

veinless1783

nerved1793

nervated1802

trinerved1811

trinervate1813

venulose1821

penninerved1849

penniveined1855

parallelinervate1857

parallelivenous1857

penninervate1857

net-veined1860

basinerved1866

nervate1866

obtectovenose1866

palm-veined1866

parallelinerved1866

parallelivenose1866

parallelinervous1893

pinninervate1893

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [adjective] > tube or canal

venose?a1425

venous1626

canalicular1710

tubal1822

tubuliferous1822

polysiphonous1857

meatal1868

polysiphonic1898

solenial1900

tubulosaccularc1900

siphonaceous1916

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §839 The Consistences of Bodies are very diuers: Dense, Rare;..Venous, and Fibrous [etc.].

1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. iii. viii. 92 Some [Muscles] in substance are nervous, venous, arterious, because they have manifest nerves, veines and arteryes.

1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 250 [Root-leaves] above somewhat glossy, with scattered hairs; underneath venous and woolly.

1832 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. 88 If the veins diverge from the midrib towards the margin, ramifying as they proceed, such a leaf has been called a venous or reticulated leaf.

1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 373 If the more remote beds..are not thus affected,..they never could have existed, or would have been all granitic and venous gneiss.

a. Of the nature of a vein (vein n. 4a); of or relating to a vein or veins.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [adjective]

veiny?a1425

arterial1594

subclavian1615

venal1615

venous1634

phleboidal1849

perivascular1868

cerebrovascular1935

1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. vii. xxxii. 286 Yet the author of the definitions seemes to call any dilatation of any venous vessell [L. vasis venosi] by the name of an Aneurisma.

1695 H. Ridley Anat. Brain iii. 26 After having advanc'd into certain venous productions called Sinus's, they descend from thence in large Trunks.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Circulation Both Venous Sinus's are fill'd, and grow turgid at the same time.

1744 J. Armstrong Art of preserving Health i. 6 The drunken venous tubes, that yawn In countless pores o'er all the pervious skin.

1746 R. James in Moffett & Bennet's Health's Improvem. (new ed.) Introd. 10 The Blood conveyed by the Arteries, is carried to corresponding venous Canals.

1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 85/2 A fluctuating motion in the jugular vein, called ‘venous pulse’.

1876 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 2) 433 Venous hum... This is the only venous murmur..likely to be met with.

1891 F. Taylor Man. Pract. Med. (ed. 2) 677 If the stethoscope be placed over the lower end of the jugular vein..a continuous humming or rushing noise will be heard, which has been called the venous hum, or bruit de diable.

1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xix. 482 Obstruction to the venous return..by fractures, bad splinting or overtight bandaging, leads to passive congestion of the muscles, which subsequently ends in their atrophy.

2012 Take Break 26 Apr. 49/4 The venous thromboembolism risk is slightly increased for women taking combined oral contraceptives (COCs) when compared with non-users.

b. Designating the part of the circulatory system which consists of veins (in contrast with that consisting of arteries). Chiefly in venous system.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > vein > [adjective]

venial1574

venosal1621

veinous1634

venous1670

veinous1761

intravenous1849

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > vein > [noun] > system of

venous system1670

veinery1826

1670 H. Stubbe Specimen Animadversions 108 He [sc. Cæsalpinus] holds that..it is necessary that the whole venous Systeme, or contexture of Arteries and veins be continuous, lest the blood in the veins, being destitute of the cordial heat, should coagulate and putrifie.

1759 M. Flemyng Introd. Physiol. iii. 33 Hence the venous system cannot be injected and demonstrated like the arterial.

1793 E. Darwin Let. 17 Jan. (2007) 413 The inirritability of either the lymphatic or of the venous system.

1852 E. Hamilton Flora Homœopathica I. 94 Berberis..seems to act upon the venous system and mucous membranes.

1898 Jrnl. Physiol. 23 305 If we cut the systemic system in two across the middle of the capillaries, the resistance in the proximal arterial half is very much more than that in the distal venous half.

1937 C. H. Best & N. B. Taylor Physiol. Basis Med. Pract. xxxv. 581 (caption) A portion of the blood passes through unaerated channels (shunt) from the venous to the arterial system.

2006 J. C. Buckley Space Physiol. v. 108 If a right-to-left shunt exists, it is possible that bubbles from the venous system could pass into the arterial system.

a. Designating the blood contained in the veins (and in the right side of the heart and the pulmonary artery), which typically has a low level of oxygen and is thus dark red in colour. Contrasted with arterial (see arterial adj. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > types of blood > [adjective] > vein-blood > contained in veins

veinalc1484

venal1615

veinous1634

venous1653

1653 tr. J. Pecquet New Anat. Exper. v. 74 What wonder then that the Arterial Blood is excelled by the Venous [L. Venoso], in respect of the consistency of its substance?

1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 225 This experiment proves..that the deep colour of the venous blood is not owing to the combination of hydrogene air.

1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 29 In all the Vertebrata, the blood which furnishes the liver with the materials of the bile is venous blood.

1903 Denver Med. Times June 630 When the venous blood reaches the pulmonary alveoli, the marked affinity of the adrenalized plasma for oxygen causes it to absorb this gas from the alveolar air.

2012 Sci. Amer. Aug. 38/2 Warm, oxygenated arterial blood exiting the body core transfers most of its heat to cold venous blood returning toward the heart.

b. Designating the dark-red colour or the deoxygenated state of venous blood. Contrasted with arterial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > types of blood > [adjective] > vein-blood

venous1791

1791 E. Coleman Diss. Suspended Respiration iv. 38 In amputating a limb where the tourniquet has been for some time applied, the first blood issuing from an artery assumes a venous colour.

1845 G. E. Day tr. J. F. Simon Animal Chem. I. 192 These experiments are sufficient to prove that..the dark venous tint [of the blood] does not arise from carbonic acid or carbon.

1846 W. B. Carpenter Man. Physiol. vi. 324 After passing through these, it is transmitted to the general system; and on returning thence, in a completely venous state, it is mingled with the blood which has been arterialized in the lungs.

1917 Jrnl. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc. 4 28 When drawn the blood was of a venous color.

2013 N. L. Martirosyan et al. in D. H. Kim et al. Surg. Anat. & Techniques Spine (ed. 2) lxvii. 657/2 Temporary clips are removed, and the venous plexus is inspected for resumption of normal venous color and distension.

Compounds

venous–arterial adj. between a vein and an artery, or the venous and arterial systems; between venous and arterial blood.In quot. 1834 figurative.

ΚΠ

1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus iii. vii, in Fraser's Mag. July 80/1 Venous-arterial circulation, of Letters.

1935 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 11 May 966/2 Cyanotic Group: In this group there is a permanent venous-arterial shunt from right to left.

2004 Cell Stress & Chaperones 9 277/2 The cerebral venous-arterial difference for Hsp72 was negligible in all subjects at rest.

venous artery n. [after post-classical Latin arteria venosa (1536 or earlier)] now historical a pulmonary vein; cf. earlier venal artery n. at venal adj.¹ 1, veiny artery n. at veiny adj. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > artery > [noun] > specific artery

arterial vein?c1425

adorthy1525

subethal1525

temporal?1541

veiny artery1543

share artery1545

aorta1594

cephalic artery1599

subclavia1615

venous artery1650

subclavicular1656

pulmonary1707

cœliac artery or axis1713

renal1721

radial1723

carotid1741

ranine1753

femoral1754

hypogastric1774

iliac1782

pudical1803

articular1808

pudic1824

anonyma1832

internal mammary1835–6

iliac artery1840

transverse artery1842

innominate artery1866

innominate1879

thyroid axis1881

hyoid1883

medicerebral1889

coronary1893

1650 tr. R. Descartes Passions of Soule i. 6 How all the blood of the veines may..from thence passe into the Liver, by a vessell called the venous arterie.

1765 M. N. Anat. Epitomized & Illustr. 141 An Incision of the Left Auricle quite to the Venous Artery.

1857 Househ. Words 12 June 561/1 From the trachea, it [sc. air] passed into the venous artery (now called the pulmonary vein).

1955 Isis 46 321 In the one sentence which expressly claims to give the views of Galen himself, the blood is not said to have passed through the venous artery into the left ventricle.

Derivatives

ˈvenously adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > vein > [adverb]

venously1849

intravenously1897

1849 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 4 358 The calyx is at least three times the diameter of the base of the corolla, is..venously reticulated, plicated and deeply 5-angular.

1890 Lancet 5 Apr. 751/2 The membranes of the brain were venously congested.

2016 C. Egger et al. in S. Grabherr et al. Atlas Postmortem Angiogr. v. 75/1 It is possible to fill the body with contrast medium, both arterially and venously, without first having to remove blood from the vascular system.

† venousness n. [in later use probably after German Venosität (beginning of the 19th cent. or earlier)] Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > textures or states of skin > [noun] > condition of being full of veins

venousness1727

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Venousness, fulness of or having Veins.

1817 Edinb. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 13 26 What E. Speyer has said according to his principles, of the venousness of the organs affected by dysentery.

1845 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 20 431 Thus the venous condition or excessive venousness (erhöhte venosität) is developed.

1887 E. H. Grandin tr. A. Charpentier Cycl. Obstetr. & Gynecol. I. ii. iii. 235 Volkmann proved that the respiratory excitability depends upon the venousness of the blood.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	venous
释义	venousadj. Brit. /ˈviːnəs/, U.S. /ˈvinəs/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin vēnōsus. Etymology: < classical Latin vēnōsus full of blood vessels, veiny, (of plants, leaves) full of veins, (of minerals) full of vein-like markings, in post-classical Latin also having the form or function of a vein (a1590 in the passage translated in quot. 1634 at sense 2a, or earlier), (of blood) contained in the veins (1651 in the passage translated in quot. 1653 at sense 3a, or earlier) < vēna vein n. + -ōsus -ose suffix¹; compare -ous suffix. Compare earlier veinous adj., veiny adj., venose adj. Compare also earlier arterious adj.Compare Middle French veneux, French veineux (1549), Spanish venoso (15th cent.), both earliest in sense ‘of or relating to veins’. †1. Having numerous or prominent veins (in various senses). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [adjective] > having or not having veins venose?a1425 venous1626 nervous1668 veiny1681 nervose1753 nerveless1783 veinless1783 nerved1793 nervated1802 trinerved1811 trinervate1813 venulose1821 penninerved1849 penniveined1855 parallelinervate1857 parallelivenous1857 penninervate1857 net-veined1860 basinerved1866 nervate1866 obtectovenose1866 palm-veined1866 parallelinerved1866 parallelivenose1866 parallelinervous1893 pinninervate1893 the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [adjective] > tube or canal venose?a1425 venous1626 canalicular1710 tubal1822 tubuliferous1822 polysiphonous1857 meatal1868 polysiphonic1898 solenial1900 tubulosaccularc1900 siphonaceous1916 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §839 The Consistences of Bodies are very diuers: Dense, Rare;..Venous, and Fibrous [etc.]. 1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. iii. viii. 92 Some [Muscles] in substance are nervous, venous, arterious, because they have manifest nerves, veines and arteryes. 1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 250 [Root-leaves] above somewhat glossy, with scattered hairs; underneath venous and woolly. 1832 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. 88 If the veins diverge from the midrib towards the margin, ramifying as they proceed, such a leaf has been called a venous or reticulated leaf. 1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 373 If the more remote beds..are not thus affected,..they never could have existed, or would have been all granitic and venous gneiss. 2. a. Of the nature of a vein (vein n. 4a); of or relating to a vein or veins. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [adjective] veiny?a1425 arterial1594 subclavian1615 venal1615 venous1634 phleboidal1849 perivascular1868 cerebrovascular1935 1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. vii. xxxii. 286 Yet the author of the definitions seemes to call any dilatation of any venous vessell [L. vasis venosi] by the name of an Aneurisma. 1695 H. Ridley Anat. Brain iii. 26 After having advanc'd into certain venous productions called Sinus's, they descend from thence in large Trunks. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Circulation Both Venous Sinus's are fill'd, and grow turgid at the same time. 1744 J. Armstrong Art of preserving Health i. 6 The drunken venous tubes, that yawn In countless pores o'er all the pervious skin. 1746 R. James in Moffett & Bennet's Health's Improvem. (new ed.) Introd. 10 The Blood conveyed by the Arteries, is carried to corresponding venous Canals. 1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 85/2 A fluctuating motion in the jugular vein, called ‘venous pulse’. 1876 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 2) 433 Venous hum... This is the only venous murmur..likely to be met with. 1891 F. Taylor Man. Pract. Med. (ed. 2) 677 If the stethoscope be placed over the lower end of the jugular vein..a continuous humming or rushing noise will be heard, which has been called the venous hum, or bruit de diable. 1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xix. 482 Obstruction to the venous return..by fractures, bad splinting or overtight bandaging, leads to passive congestion of the muscles, which subsequently ends in their atrophy. 2012 Take Break 26 Apr. 49/4 The venous thromboembolism risk is slightly increased for women taking combined oral contraceptives (COCs) when compared with non-users. b. Designating the part of the circulatory system which consists of veins (in contrast with that consisting of arteries). Chiefly in venous system. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > vein > [adjective] venial1574 venosal1621 veinous1634 venous1670 veinous1761 intravenous1849 the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > vein > [noun] > system of venous system1670 veinery1826 1670 H. Stubbe Specimen Animadversions 108 He [sc. Cæsalpinus] holds that..it is necessary that the whole venous Systeme, or contexture of Arteries and veins be continuous, lest the blood in the veins, being destitute of the cordial heat, should coagulate and putrifie. 1759 M. Flemyng Introd. Physiol. iii. 33 Hence the venous system cannot be injected and demonstrated like the arterial. 1793 E. Darwin Let. 17 Jan. (2007) 413 The inirritability of either the lymphatic or of the venous system. 1852 E. Hamilton Flora Homœopathica I. 94 Berberis..seems to act upon the venous system and mucous membranes. 1898 Jrnl. Physiol. 23 305 If we cut the systemic system in two across the middle of the capillaries, the resistance in the proximal arterial half is very much more than that in the distal venous half. 1937 C. H. Best & N. B. Taylor Physiol. Basis Med. Pract. xxxv. 581 (caption) A portion of the blood passes through unaerated channels (shunt) from the venous to the arterial system. 2006 J. C. Buckley Space Physiol. v. 108 If a right-to-left shunt exists, it is possible that bubbles from the venous system could pass into the arterial system. 3. a. Designating the blood contained in the veins (and in the right side of the heart and the pulmonary artery), which typically has a low level of oxygen and is thus dark red in colour. Contrasted with arterial (see arterial adj. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > types of blood > [adjective] > vein-blood > contained in veins veinalc1484 venal1615 veinous1634 venous1653 1653 tr. J. Pecquet New Anat. Exper. v. 74 What wonder then that the Arterial Blood is excelled by the Venous [L. Venoso], in respect of the consistency of its substance? 1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 225 This experiment proves..that the deep colour of the venous blood is not owing to the combination of hydrogene air. 1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 29 In all the Vertebrata, the blood which furnishes the liver with the materials of the bile is venous blood. 1903 Denver Med. Times June 630 When the venous blood reaches the pulmonary alveoli, the marked affinity of the adrenalized plasma for oxygen causes it to absorb this gas from the alveolar air. 2012 Sci. Amer. Aug. 38/2 Warm, oxygenated arterial blood exiting the body core transfers most of its heat to cold venous blood returning toward the heart. b. Designating the dark-red colour or the deoxygenated state of venous blood. Contrasted with arterial. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > types of blood > [adjective] > vein-blood venous1791 1791 E. Coleman Diss. Suspended Respiration iv. 38 In amputating a limb where the tourniquet has been for some time applied, the first blood issuing from an artery assumes a venous colour. 1845 G. E. Day tr. J. F. Simon Animal Chem. I. 192 These experiments are sufficient to prove that..the dark venous tint [of the blood] does not arise from carbonic acid or carbon. 1846 W. B. Carpenter Man. Physiol. vi. 324 After passing through these, it is transmitted to the general system; and on returning thence, in a completely venous state, it is mingled with the blood which has been arterialized in the lungs. 1917 Jrnl. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc. 4 28 When drawn the blood was of a venous color. 2013 N. L. Martirosyan et al. in D. H. Kim et al. Surg. Anat. & Techniques Spine (ed. 2) lxvii. 657/2 Temporary clips are removed, and the venous plexus is inspected for resumption of normal venous color and distension. Compounds venous–arterial adj. between a vein and an artery, or the venous and arterial systems; between venous and arterial blood.In quot. 1834 figurative. ΚΠ 1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus iii. vii, in Fraser's Mag. July 80/1 Venous-arterial circulation, of Letters. 1935 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 11 May 966/2 Cyanotic Group: In this group there is a permanent venous-arterial shunt from right to left. 2004 Cell Stress & Chaperones 9 277/2 The cerebral venous-arterial difference for Hsp72 was negligible in all subjects at rest. venous artery n. [after post-classical Latin arteria venosa (1536 or earlier)] now historical a pulmonary vein; cf. earlier venal artery n. at venal adj.¹ 1, veiny artery n. at veiny adj. Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > artery > [noun] > specific artery arterial vein?c1425 adorthy1525 subethal1525 temporal?1541 veiny artery1543 share artery1545 aorta1594 cephalic artery1599 subclavia1615 venous artery1650 subclavicular1656 pulmonary1707 cœliac artery or axis1713 renal1721 radial1723 carotid1741 ranine1753 femoral1754 hypogastric1774 iliac1782 pudical1803 articular1808 pudic1824 anonyma1832 internal mammary1835–6 iliac artery1840 transverse artery1842 innominate artery1866 innominate1879 thyroid axis1881 hyoid1883 medicerebral1889 coronary1893 1650 tr. R. Descartes Passions of Soule i. 6 How all the blood of the veines may..from thence passe into the Liver, by a vessell called the venous arterie. 1765 M. N. Anat. Epitomized & Illustr. 141 An Incision of the Left Auricle quite to the Venous Artery. 1857 Househ. Words 12 June 561/1 From the trachea, it [sc. air] passed into the venous artery (now called the pulmonary vein). 1955 Isis 46 321 In the one sentence which expressly claims to give the views of Galen himself, the blood is not said to have passed through the venous artery into the left ventricle. Derivatives ˈvenously adv. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > vein > [adverb] venously1849 intravenously1897 1849 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 4 358 The calyx is at least three times the diameter of the base of the corolla, is..venously reticulated, plicated and deeply 5-angular. 1890 Lancet 5 Apr. 751/2 The membranes of the brain were venously congested. 2016 C. Egger et al. in S. Grabherr et al. Atlas Postmortem Angiogr. v. 75/1 It is possible to fill the body with contrast medium, both arterially and venously, without first having to remove blood from the vascular system. † venousness n. [in later use probably after German Venosität (beginning of the 19th cent. or earlier)] Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > textures or states of skin > [noun] > condition of being full of veins venousness1727 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Venousness, fulness of or having Veins. 1817 Edinb. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 13 26 What E. Speyer has said according to his principles, of the venousness of the organs affected by dysentery. 1845 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 20 431 Thus the venous condition or excessive venousness (erhöhte venosität) is developed. 1887 E. H. Grandin tr. A. Charpentier Cycl. Obstetr. & Gynecol. I. ii. iii. 235 Volkmann proved that the respiratory excitability depends upon the venousness of the blood. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1626
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