violationn.

Brit.

/ˌvʌɪəˈleɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌvaɪəˈleɪʃən/

Forms: late Middle English–1500s violacion, late Middle English–1500s vyolacion, late Middle English– violacione, late Middle English– violation, 1500s violacyon, 1500s vyolacyon; Scottish pre-1700 violacion, pre-1700 violacione, pre-1700 violacioun, pre-1700 violacioune, pre-1700 violatione, pre-1700 violatioun, pre-1700 violatioune, pre-1700 1700s– violation.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French violacion; Latin violātiōn-, violātiō.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French violacion (French violation ) the action of violating (in various senses) (13th cent. in Old French), action of violating a sacred space (mid 14th cent.), rape (late 15th cent.), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin violātiōn-, violātiō profane treatment (of something sacred), in later use also sexual assault (2nd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also infringement, transgression (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), disturbance of the peace (15th cent. in a British source) < violāt- , past participial stem of violāre violate v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan violacio, violassio (14th cent.), Catalan violació (1344), Spanish violación (15th cent.), Italian violazione (14th cent.).

a. Infringement, breach, or contravention of a rule, code, principle, etc.; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > [noun] > breach of rule or custom

breacha1382

transgression1426

violation1433

prevarication1561

forfeiture1575

contravention1579

infringement1628

temeration1641

contravening1645

infraction1673

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > violation of law

unlawOE

wrongc1270

surfeitc1400

violation1433

wrongdoing1480

unlawfulnessa1500

transgressing1535

contravention1579

anomy1595

non-reason1597

contravening1645

law-breaking1881

society > morality > dueness or propriety > moral impropriety > [noun] > transgression of rights, rules, etc.

transgression1426

violation1433

violating1523

contemeration1658

the mind > language > speech > agreement > observance > non-observance or breach > [noun]

borrow-breacha900

brucheOE

breacha1382

violation1433

rupture1439

non-observance1453

misobservance1496

violating1523

swerving1545

infringinga1575

inobservation1579

recess1601

inobservancea1626

infringement1628

misobservancy1637

egression1651

nonconformity1653

unobservance1654

brack1658

infraction1673

violence1743

non-conformance1786

inobservancy1824

1433 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) IV. 173 (MED) Þe Kynge..complayned..of..attemptates late doone..ayenst þe fourme of trieues taken betwix bothe þe landes and in violacion of þe same.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1871) III. 291 (MED) An objeccion was made to hym of the violacion [L. violatio] of his religion and beleve.

1518 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 150 The further violacion and disordryng of the ordenaunces, vsages, and auncient custumes of the said towne.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 477 It cannot faile, but by The violation of my faith.

1655 S. Ashe Funeral Serm. Gataker 18 It will be no violation of the Law of charity to affirm, that he was never truly good who doth not strive to be better.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 99. ¶7 The great Violation of the Point of Honour from Man to Man is giving the Lie.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. iii. 65 Without any violation of the principles of the constitution.

1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 96 Of this rule there are many violations to be met with.

1823 Morning Chron. 8 Feb. 3/1 The violation of the University oath..is a complete proof that the ceremony of swearing affords no security whatever for veracity in any other case.

1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea I. xviii. 360 It would be regarded by the Czar as a flagrant violation of treaty.

1911 Chicago Tribune 31 Jan. 16/5 For violation of the rules forbidding a player to enter the foul lane while a free throw is being made..the goal if made shall not count.

1954 G. C. Berkower Faith & Justif. iii. 49 It [sc. the Augsburg Confession] considers any charge of heresy against itself a violation of Christian love and unity.

1973 N.Y. Law Jrnl. 31 Aug. 1/5 The two-count indictment charged conspiracy in restraint of trade in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act.

2009 El País 24 Oct. 5/3 Nearly 61 years of violations of the UN Declaration of Human Rights.

b. Without construction.

ΚΠ

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cxiiii The Peas whiche then was proclaymed..whiche endured nat longe without vyolacion.

a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 475 Eny thyng..wherby the seid trewes & other conuencions passed betwen vs..myght fall in vyolacion or Ruptur in any wyse.

1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 138 Diuinity teacheth Christians, that Princes Edists [sic]..are propounded to alacrity of subiection, not variety of construction, much lesse to contempt by violation.

1641 H. Grimston Speech in High Court Parl. 5 To adjourne the house upon any command whatsoever, without the consent and approbation of the House it selfe; were breaches and violations that highly impeached our priviledges.

1727 R. Acherley Britannic Constit. i. 95 No Administration of Government, could be called Arbitrary, or Destructive to the Constitution, until its Violations and Oppressions came to be of a General Nature.

1787 R. Jephson Julia iii. iii. 37 Hot-breath'd vows, whose common vehemence Their common violation quickly follows.

1827 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 61 The penalty of violation is dismissal, without reprieve, from a very desirable service.

1898 A. C. Freeman Treat. Law Judgem. I. xxiii. 529 The rule inhibiting relitigation of decided issues is in no danger of violation.

1933 Social Forces 12 185/1 Amen-em-apt gives a detailed list of the special proficiences acquired by a knowledge of the precepts and the disadvantages flowing from their violation.

1983 E. Ward & A. Silver Film Director's Team ii. 77 Once set, good faith forbids willful violation by either party.

2003 Foreign Affairs May 23 If countries had ever truly intended to make the UN's use-of-force rules binding, they would have made the costs of violation even greater than the costs of compliance.

c. Chiefly North American. spec. An infringement of the law, a crime. Also: an infringement of the rules of a sport.blue law, parole violation: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > violation of law > a violation of the law

law-breachOE

trespassc1290

transgression1426

delict?1473

irregularity1483

infringement1628

violation1870

moving violation1931

1870 Ann. Rep. Dept. Marine & Fisheries 1869 (Canada) 96 I am sorry to say that I cannot report ‘no violations’ as my return of fines, etc., tell a very different tale... You will see that most of the violations have been for spearing.

1893 5th Biennial Rep. State Board Corrections & Charities Minnesota 248 When a prisoner commits a violation and his tickets are taken up..he loses good time.

1935 Sunday Jrnl. & Star (Lincoln, Nebraska) 3 Feb. a6/6 Often the offensive post player is responsible for the violation that appears to the lay eye to be on the defender.

1973 E. Caldwell Annette (1974) vii. i. 155 Jack immediately began complaining that the police had no right to follow him and charge him with a traffic violation.

1994 Official Playing Rules & Regulations Canad. Football League 20 The back judge..shall be responsible for sideline violations downfield.

2012 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 25 Oct. 16/3 ‘Warrant squads’ would arrive for unanswered summonses involving the most minor violations.

a. The destruction of chastity, virginity, etc.; in later use esp. by means of violence. Also: an instance of this.Chiefly with reference to the rape of a woman by a man.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > defilement of chastity or woman

brucheeOE

corruption1340

defoulingc1380

stuprea1382

deflorationc1400

defloweringc1400

violationc1450

vitiating1547

devirgination1606

vitiation1635

unmaidening1693

c1450 (a1400) R. Lavynham Treat. Seven Deadly Sins (Harl. 211) (1956) 24 Vyolacion of maydenhod is whan a man be nomyth a womman þe flowr of her maydenhed.

a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxxi^v Thou..conceyued thy chylde without corrupcyon or violacyon of thy virginite.

1566 W. Adlington tr. Apuleius .XI. Bks. Golden Asse ii. viii. f. 14 Temper thy selfe from the loue of thine Ostesse, and abstayne from violation of the bedde of Milo.

1612 tr. I. Casaubon Answere Epist. Peron 29 Hee [sc. Jesus] was borne of her without any violation of the virginitie of this mother.

1678 N. Wanley Wonders Little World iii. xxx. 196/1 Demetrius..chusing rather to dye than to outlive the violation of his Chastity.

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Rape,..a Ravishing, or forcible Violation of the Chastity of a Woman, or Virgin.

1762 R. Hurd Lett. Chivalry & Romance iii. 18 Violations of chastity being the most atrocious crimes they had to charge on their enemies.

1800 S. S. Smith Oration Death G. Washington 34 See the desolate regions of Europe..their brutal violations of virgin honour, and conjugal fidelity.

1864 J. Griffin Catechetical Reading-bk. ii. iv. 155 Every deliberate violation of chastity is always a mortal sin.

1905 F. D. Byrne tr. A. Beverland Law conc. Draped Virginity vii. 137 The violation of virginity does not touch the essence of matrimony, but it affords a ground for divorce.

1988 Econ. & Polit. Weekly 30 Apr. 30/1 The punishment meted out for violation of her honour.

2005 Y. Kim Women, Television & Everyday Life in Korea ii. 43 The social stigma associated with the violation of chastity turns out to be the main reason..for not wanting to report.

b. Rape or sexual assault (esp. of a woman); (also) a rape. Formerly also: †unlawful sexual intercourse (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > defilement of chastity or woman > forcible

forcinga1382

oppressionc1395

rapec1425

ravishment1436

rapt1449

violation?1506

violating1523

stuprationa1525

abuse1585

raping?1585

constupration1611

rapture?1615

gang-banging1949

?1506 M. Beaufort tr. J. de Gruytrode Mirroure of Golde (Pynson) sig. B.i^v Alas what was the cause of the distruccion of the people of Sichen, but for violacion of digne the doughter of Iacob.

a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1990) III. 125 Spoliacioun & oppressioun of the pur, violacioun of virginis.

1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. iii. f. 30 He [sc. Alexander]..absteyned from all violacion, of Darius wief.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. iii. 104 What is't to me, when you your selues are cause, If your pure Maydens fall into the hand Of hot and forcing Violation ?

1658 Further Disc. Myst. Jesuitisme i. xiii. 73 I charge them with crimes no less then those of..Murther of infants, Treason, the violation of Religious women.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 81 By violation is understood carnal knowledge, as well without force, as with it.

1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama ix. 89 Arvalan, in hour with evil fraught, For violation seiz'd the shrieking Maid.

1843 Penny Cycl. XXV. 171/2 The law [of treason] has been held to apply to a criminal connection by consent as well as to a forcible violation.

1868 Coshocton (Ohio) Herald 22 Sept. 1/4 The violation of women and the assassination of disloyal men, are hourly occurrences in the dominions of this most execrable scoundrel and tyrant.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. 673 Anal violation by male religious..of female religious.

1999 Vanity Fair Sept. 144/2 Virginity raises the specter of violation—angelic nooky bares an innocence and promise some men can't wait to paw.

3. Desecration or profanation of something sacred; sacrilege. Also: an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrilege > [noun]

sacrilegea1300

sacrilegyc1380

pollutiona1382

violation1461

profanation1536

dishallowing1562

exauguration1600

desecrationa1717

profanement1815

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrespect > irreverence > [noun] > desecration or profanation

sacrilege1390

violation1461

violating1523

profaning1547

profanation1588

temeration1641

desecrationa1717

1461–2 Rolls of Parl.: Edward IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1461 §7. m. 2 Destroiyng and spoilyng..neyther sparyng Godds chirch, the violacion therof, ne his ministres of the same.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 119 (MED) He suffrede that peyne for the violacion of the temple.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark iii. f. 26 The dumme beast might lawfully be drawen out of the hole, lest it shoulde peryshe, without anye violacion or breache of the sabboth.

1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 47 Now as the violation of Sepulchres, so the depredation of Churches, Church-robbing, or Sacriledge, was in all ages accounted most damnable.

1683 J. Kettlewell Help & Exhort. to Worthy Communicating Introd. 3 Thus are both a careless Forbearance, and an indecent unworthy Vsage of this Holy Feast,..and criminal Violations of it.

1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II I. xi. 348 The Spanish soldiers themselves..were afterwards..touched with remorse on account of their violation of the churches.

1798 Gentleman's Mag. July 584/1 Many of the most common violations of the Sabbath proceed..from religious indifference.

1849 G. P. R. James Woodman I. ii. 37 What he desires to do that he will do—even to the violation of sanctuary.

1856 C. Knight Pop. Hist. Eng. I. xxvii. 425 The violation of a sacred place by murder was considered a greater crime than the murder itself.

1924 Glasgow Herald 8 Feb. 5 Personally, I am not favourable to the violation of tombs, however old.

1989 H. Kushner Who needs God iii. 50 I was saddened by their violation of a sacred precinct, their claiming for man what had previously been reserved for God.

2005 M. Gaddis There is No Crime ii. 82 The mere presence of the uninitiated and unbaptized within the sanctuary constituted a violation of the holy mysteries.

4. The action of treating someone or something violently or roughly; damage, injury. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [noun] > damaging or injuring

spillinga1122

impairment1340

marring1357

damaginga1400

defacingc1400

spoiling1479

violation?c1500

facingc1540

deface1556

defacement1561

infection1563

spoil1575

endamageance1594

damagement1603

mismaking1615

empoisonmenta1626

vitiation1635

vitiating1669

spoilage1815

savaging1858

spoliation1867

mucking about1969

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > violent treatment or force

strong handOE

strengthOE

strenghc1300

violencec1300

mightc1325

stuntisea1327

forcea1340

enforcing138.

forcinga1382

forcenessc1400

violation?c1500

efforce1549

enforcement1577

Stafford law1589

vexation1605

club-law1612

aspertee1660

physical force1716

strong arm1836

savaging1858

muscle1879

strong-arming1906

?c1500 Conversion of St. Paul (Digby) l. 179 All..with furyous vyolacion..Thus shalbe subduyd.

1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. f. 61 Respecting chiefly to refraine from violacion of innocent blodde.

a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1658) vi. 424 Perseus..sent away the Rodians open Vessels, and Eudemus their President without Violation, nay even civilly entreated.

1691 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 8) 23 To apply the Collateral Branches of his Wall Fruits..(without violation and unnatural bending and reverting) to the Earth or Borders.

1760 W. H. Dilworth tr. Voltaire Hist. Charles XII. King of Sweden viii. 135 Gillenbourg..having offended against the law of nations.., they did not scruple in England the violation of his person.

1798 Llewellin II. x. 341 Whilst that thy peaceful cottage underwent violation, I lay hid behind yon hay-stacks.

2000 E. S. Belfiore Murder among Friends iii. 56 The violation of suppliants committed by..the Herald... The Herald threatens to tear the clothes and hair of the Danaïds, to brand them and cut off their heads.

5. The act of interrupting, disturbing, or disrupting (peace, etc.); the act of intruding upon (a person's privacy); the act of encroaching upon (space, territory, etc.).

ΚΠ

1589 tr. Restorer of French Estate i. 11 The likelihood is great, that your violation of the peace comes not through religion.

1606 B. Barnes Foure Bks. Offices i. 7 It withstandeth all reason and humane policie, with true colour emblazoning the violation and breach of peace and amitie.

1672 tr. T. Young Lords-day i. xi. 196 The punishment, with which..the violation of this rest [on the Sabbath] is attended by God.

1687 N. Tate Island-princess iii. iii. 28 So base a Violation of my Privacy?

1759 tr. E. de Vattel Law of Nations I. ii. vii. 151 This is what is called a violation of territory.

1817 Ann. Reg. 1816 State Papers 411/2 Comparatively few crimes in violation of the public peace have been committed.

1858 J. Williams Let. 31 July in Executive Documents U.S. House of Representatives (36th Congress, 2nd Sess.) (1861) IV. No. 5. 178 You had condescended..to cause..the violation of my private desk containing my papers and clothing.

1915 Times 25 Jan. 12/5 Two compartments have been turned into one and the lavatory basin stands out..in the corridor... The general sense is one of ruthless exposure and violation of privacy.

1986 I. Banks Bridge ii. ii. 111 Unspecified new measures are under evaluation with a view to preventing further violations of the bridge's airspace.

2005 N.Y. Times Mag. 20 Nov. 60/2 She laments the violation of her personal space.

6. Improper use or treatment of something; esp. unauthorized alteration or corruption of language or a text. Also: an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [noun]

abusion?1387

misusing1395

misusea1398

abusingc1450

abuse?1473

misordering1526

abusage1548

misusage1567

misemployment1597

missaw1614

misimprovement1644

abusivenessa1677

misemploying1686

violation1795

1795 J. Bryant Observ. Treat. Descr. Plain of Troy 21 It is impossible, without the greatest violation of the text, and of language in general, to suppose, that [etc.]

1822 P. B. Shelley Charles I ii. 75 Look that those merchants..take fullest compensation For violation of our royal forests.

1835 Leigh Hunt's London Jrnl. 9 Apr. 15/3 An unconscious violation of the king's English.

1837 W. H. Ainsworth Rookwood (ed. 4) Pref. p. xxiv The kid, in culpable violation of scriptural phraseology, was seen, not seethed, in its mother's milk.

1927 Irish Monthly Apr. 217 This report was not called by soul-stirring names..; and yet Children's Charter applied to it would be no violation of words.

1996 Mind 105 556 Violation of the text..must have come from failing to respect those mandatory restrictions.

Derivatives

vioˈlational adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [adjective]

litherc893

scathefulc900

balefulOE

orneOE

teenfulOE

evilc1175

venomousc1290

scathela1300

prejudiciala1325

fell?c1335

harmfula1340

grievous1340

ill1340

wicked1340

noisomea1382

venomed1382

noyfulc1384

damageousc1386

mischievousc1390

unwholesomea1400

undisposingc1400

damnablec1420

prejudiciable1429

contagiousc1440

damagefulc1449

pestiferous1458

damageable1474

pestilent?a1475

nuisable1483

nocible1490

nuisible1490

nuisant1494

noxiousa1500

nocent?c1500

pestilential1531

tortious1532

pestilentious1533

nocive1538

offensivea1548

vitiating1547

dangerous1548

offending1552

dispendious1557

injurious1559

offensible1575

offensant1578

baneful1579

incommodious1579

prejudicious1579

prejudical1595

inimicous1598

damnifiable1604

taking1608

obnoxious1612

nocivousc1616

mischieving1621

nocuous1627

nocumentous1644

disserviceable1645

inimical1645

detrimentous1648

injuring1651

detrimental1656

inimicitial1656

nocumental1657

incommodous1677

fatal1681

inimic1696

nociferous1706

damnific1727

inimicable1805

violational1821

insalutary1836

detrimentary1841

wronging1845

unsalvatory1850

damaging1856

damnous1870

wack1986

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > in tendency or detrimental

injurious1559

marring1567

inimicous1598

blemishing1603

disserviceable1645

inimical1645

detrimentous1648

detrimental1656

inimicitial1656

inimic1696

inimicable1805

violational1821

detrimentary1841

vitiating1858

blotching1865

1821 J. Bentham Elements Art of Packing 94 Something or other..‘injurious’, ‘prejudicial’, ‘hurtful’, or ‘violational’.

1948 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 13 363/1 A person is delinquent if his attitudes will lead to violational behavior.

2004 M. R. Strauss A. Hitchcock's Silent Films vi. 111 The choice of using a relatively slow panning shot..gives this shot a kind of lascivious, violational quality.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	violation
释义	violationn. Brit. /ˌvʌɪəˈleɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌvaɪəˈleɪʃən/ Forms: late Middle English–1500s violacion, late Middle English–1500s vyolacion, late Middle English– violacione, late Middle English– violation, 1500s violacyon, 1500s vyolacyon; Scottish pre-1700 violacion, pre-1700 violacione, pre-1700 violacioun, pre-1700 violacioune, pre-1700 violatione, pre-1700 violatioun, pre-1700 violatioune, pre-1700 1700s– violation. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French violacion; Latin violātiōn-, violātiō. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French violacion (French violation ) the action of violating (in various senses) (13th cent. in Old French), action of violating a sacred space (mid 14th cent.), rape (late 15th cent.), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin violātiōn-, violātiō profane treatment (of something sacred), in later use also sexual assault (2nd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also infringement, transgression (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), disturbance of the peace (15th cent. in a British source) < violāt- , past participial stem of violāre violate v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan violacio, violassio (14th cent.), Catalan violació (1344), Spanish violación (15th cent.), Italian violazione (14th cent.). 1. a. Infringement, breach, or contravention of a rule, code, principle, etc.; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > [noun] > breach of rule or custom breacha1382 transgression1426 violation1433 prevarication1561 forfeiture1575 contravention1579 infringement1628 temeration1641 contravening1645 infraction1673 society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > violation of law unlawOE wrongc1270 surfeitc1400 violation1433 wrongdoing1480 unlawfulnessa1500 transgressing1535 contravention1579 anomy1595 non-reason1597 contravening1645 law-breaking1881 society > morality > dueness or propriety > moral impropriety > [noun] > transgression of rights, rules, etc. transgression1426 violation1433 violating1523 contemeration1658 the mind > language > speech > agreement > observance > non-observance or breach > [noun] borrow-breacha900 brucheOE breacha1382 violation1433 rupture1439 non-observance1453 misobservance1496 violating1523 swerving1545 infringinga1575 inobservation1579 recess1601 inobservancea1626 infringement1628 misobservancy1637 egression1651 nonconformity1653 unobservance1654 brack1658 infraction1673 violence1743 non-conformance1786 inobservancy1824 1433 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) IV. 173 (MED) Þe Kynge..complayned..of..attemptates late doone..ayenst þe fourme of trieues taken betwix bothe þe landes and in violacion of þe same. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1871) III. 291 (MED) An objeccion was made to hym of the violacion [L. violatio] of his religion and beleve. 1518 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 150 The further violacion and disordryng of the ordenaunces, vsages, and auncient custumes of the said towne. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 477 It cannot faile, but by The violation of my faith. View more context for this quotation 1655 S. Ashe Funeral Serm. Gataker 18 It will be no violation of the Law of charity to affirm, that he was never truly good who doth not strive to be better. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 99. ¶7 The great Violation of the Point of Honour from Man to Man is giving the Lie. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. iii. 65 Without any violation of the principles of the constitution. 1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 96 Of this rule there are many violations to be met with. 1823 Morning Chron. 8 Feb. 3/1 The violation of the University oath..is a complete proof that the ceremony of swearing affords no security whatever for veracity in any other case. 1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea I. xviii. 360 It would be regarded by the Czar as a flagrant violation of treaty. 1911 Chicago Tribune 31 Jan. 16/5 For violation of the rules forbidding a player to enter the foul lane while a free throw is being made..the goal if made shall not count. 1954 G. C. Berkower Faith & Justif. iii. 49 It [sc. the Augsburg Confession] considers any charge of heresy against itself a violation of Christian love and unity. 1973 N.Y. Law Jrnl. 31 Aug. 1/5 The two-count indictment charged conspiracy in restraint of trade in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. 2009 El País 24 Oct. 5/3 Nearly 61 years of violations of the UN Declaration of Human Rights. b. Without construction. ΚΠ a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cxiiii The Peas whiche then was proclaymed..whiche endured nat longe without vyolacion. a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 475 Eny thyng..wherby the seid trewes & other conuencions passed betwen vs..myght fall in vyolacion or Ruptur in any wyse. 1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 138 Diuinity teacheth Christians, that Princes Edists [sic]..are propounded to alacrity of subiection, not variety of construction, much lesse to contempt by violation. 1641 H. Grimston Speech in High Court Parl. 5 To adjourne the house upon any command whatsoever, without the consent and approbation of the House it selfe; were breaches and violations that highly impeached our priviledges. 1727 R. Acherley Britannic Constit. i. 95 No Administration of Government, could be called Arbitrary, or Destructive to the Constitution, until its Violations and Oppressions came to be of a General Nature. 1787 R. Jephson Julia iii. iii. 37 Hot-breath'd vows, whose common vehemence Their common violation quickly follows. 1827 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 61 The penalty of violation is dismissal, without reprieve, from a very desirable service. 1898 A. C. Freeman Treat. Law Judgem. I. xxiii. 529 The rule inhibiting relitigation of decided issues is in no danger of violation. 1933 Social Forces 12 185/1 Amen-em-apt gives a detailed list of the special proficiences acquired by a knowledge of the precepts and the disadvantages flowing from their violation. 1983 E. Ward & A. Silver Film Director's Team ii. 77 Once set, good faith forbids willful violation by either party. 2003 Foreign Affairs May 23 If countries had ever truly intended to make the UN's use-of-force rules binding, they would have made the costs of violation even greater than the costs of compliance. c. Chiefly North American. spec. An infringement of the law, a crime. Also: an infringement of the rules of a sport.blue law, parole violation: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > violation of law > a violation of the law law-breachOE trespassc1290 transgression1426 delict?1473 irregularity1483 infringement1628 violation1870 moving violation1931 1870 Ann. Rep. Dept. Marine & Fisheries 1869 (Canada) 96 I am sorry to say that I cannot report ‘no violations’ as my return of fines, etc., tell a very different tale... You will see that most of the violations have been for spearing. 1893 5th Biennial Rep. State Board Corrections & Charities Minnesota 248 When a prisoner commits a violation and his tickets are taken up..he loses good time. 1935 Sunday Jrnl. & Star (Lincoln, Nebraska) 3 Feb. a6/6 Often the offensive post player is responsible for the violation that appears to the lay eye to be on the defender. 1973 E. Caldwell Annette (1974) vii. i. 155 Jack immediately began complaining that the police had no right to follow him and charge him with a traffic violation. 1994 Official Playing Rules & Regulations Canad. Football League 20 The back judge..shall be responsible for sideline violations downfield. 2012 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 25 Oct. 16/3 ‘Warrant squads’ would arrive for unanswered summonses involving the most minor violations. 2. a. The destruction of chastity, virginity, etc.; in later use esp. by means of violence. Also: an instance of this.Chiefly with reference to the rape of a woman by a man. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > defilement of chastity or woman brucheeOE corruption1340 defoulingc1380 stuprea1382 deflorationc1400 defloweringc1400 violationc1450 vitiating1547 devirgination1606 vitiation1635 unmaidening1693 c1450 (a1400) R. Lavynham Treat. Seven Deadly Sins (Harl. 211) (1956) 24 Vyolacion of maydenhod is whan a man be nomyth a womman þe flowr of her maydenhed. a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. Clxxxi^v Thou..conceyued thy chylde without corrupcyon or violacyon of thy virginite. 1566 W. Adlington tr. Apuleius .XI. Bks. Golden Asse ii. viii. f. 14 Temper thy selfe from the loue of thine Ostesse, and abstayne from violation of the bedde of Milo. 1612 tr. I. Casaubon Answere Epist. Peron 29 Hee [sc. Jesus] was borne of her without any violation of the virginitie of this mother. 1678 N. Wanley Wonders Little World iii. xxx. 196/1 Demetrius..chusing rather to dye than to outlive the violation of his Chastity. 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Rape,..a Ravishing, or forcible Violation of the Chastity of a Woman, or Virgin. 1762 R. Hurd Lett. Chivalry & Romance iii. 18 Violations of chastity being the most atrocious crimes they had to charge on their enemies. 1800 S. S. Smith Oration Death G. Washington 34 See the desolate regions of Europe..their brutal violations of virgin honour, and conjugal fidelity. 1864 J. Griffin Catechetical Reading-bk. ii. iv. 155 Every deliberate violation of chastity is always a mortal sin. 1905 F. D. Byrne tr. A. Beverland Law conc. Draped Virginity vii. 137 The violation of virginity does not touch the essence of matrimony, but it affords a ground for divorce. 1988 Econ. & Polit. Weekly 30 Apr. 30/1 The punishment meted out for violation of her honour. 2005 Y. Kim Women, Television & Everyday Life in Korea ii. 43 The social stigma associated with the violation of chastity turns out to be the main reason..for not wanting to report. b. Rape or sexual assault (esp. of a woman); (also) a rape. Formerly also: †unlawful sexual intercourse (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > defilement of chastity or woman > forcible forcinga1382 oppressionc1395 rapec1425 ravishment1436 rapt1449 violation?1506 violating1523 stuprationa1525 abuse1585 raping?1585 constupration1611 rapture?1615 gang-banging1949 ?1506 M. Beaufort tr. J. de Gruytrode Mirroure of Golde (Pynson) sig. B.i^v Alas what was the cause of the distruccion of the people of Sichen, but for violacion of digne the doughter of Iacob. a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1990) III. 125 Spoliacioun & oppressioun of the pur, violacioun of virginis. 1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. iii. f. 30 He [sc. Alexander]..absteyned from all violacion, of Darius wief. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. iii. 104 What is't to me, when you your selues are cause, If your pure Maydens fall into the hand Of hot and forcing Violation ? View more context for this quotation 1658 Further Disc. Myst. Jesuitisme i. xiii. 73 I charge them with crimes no less then those of..Murther of infants, Treason, the violation of Religious women. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 81 By violation is understood carnal knowledge, as well without force, as with it. 1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama ix. 89 Arvalan, in hour with evil fraught, For violation seiz'd the shrieking Maid. 1843 Penny Cycl. XXV. 171/2 The law [of treason] has been held to apply to a criminal connection by consent as well as to a forcible violation. 1868 Coshocton (Ohio) Herald 22 Sept. 1/4 The violation of women and the assassination of disloyal men, are hourly occurrences in the dominions of this most execrable scoundrel and tyrant. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. 673 Anal violation by male religious..of female religious. 1999 Vanity Fair Sept. 144/2 Virginity raises the specter of violation—angelic nooky bares an innocence and promise some men can't wait to paw. 3. Desecration or profanation of something sacred; sacrilege. Also: an instance of this. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrilege > [noun] sacrilegea1300 sacrilegyc1380 pollutiona1382 violation1461 profanation1536 dishallowing1562 exauguration1600 desecrationa1717 profanement1815 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrespect > irreverence > [noun] > desecration or profanation sacrilege1390 violation1461 violating1523 profaning1547 profanation1588 temeration1641 desecrationa1717 1461–2 Rolls of Parl.: Edward IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1461 §7. m. 2 Destroiyng and spoilyng..neyther sparyng Godds chirch, the violacion therof, ne his ministres of the same. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 119 (MED) He suffrede that peyne for the violacion of the temple. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark iii. f. 26 The dumme beast might lawfully be drawen out of the hole, lest it shoulde peryshe, without anye violacion or breache of the sabboth. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 47 Now as the violation of Sepulchres, so the depredation of Churches, Church-robbing, or Sacriledge, was in all ages accounted most damnable. 1683 J. Kettlewell Help & Exhort. to Worthy Communicating Introd. 3 Thus are both a careless Forbearance, and an indecent unworthy Vsage of this Holy Feast,..and criminal Violations of it. 1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II I. xi. 348 The Spanish soldiers themselves..were afterwards..touched with remorse on account of their violation of the churches. 1798 Gentleman's Mag. July 584/1 Many of the most common violations of the Sabbath proceed..from religious indifference. 1849 G. P. R. James Woodman I. ii. 37 What he desires to do that he will do—even to the violation of sanctuary. 1856 C. Knight Pop. Hist. Eng. I. xxvii. 425 The violation of a sacred place by murder was considered a greater crime than the murder itself. 1924 Glasgow Herald 8 Feb. 5 Personally, I am not favourable to the violation of tombs, however old. 1989 H. Kushner Who needs God iii. 50 I was saddened by their violation of a sacred precinct, their claiming for man what had previously been reserved for God. 2005 M. Gaddis There is No Crime ii. 82 The mere presence of the uninitiated and unbaptized within the sanctuary constituted a violation of the holy mysteries. 4. The action of treating someone or something violently or roughly; damage, injury. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [noun] > damaging or injuring spillinga1122 impairment1340 marring1357 damaginga1400 defacingc1400 spoiling1479 violation?c1500 facingc1540 deface1556 defacement1561 infection1563 spoil1575 endamageance1594 damagement1603 mismaking1615 empoisonmenta1626 vitiation1635 vitiating1669 spoilage1815 savaging1858 spoliation1867 mucking about1969 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > violent treatment or force strong handOE strengthOE strenghc1300 violencec1300 mightc1325 stuntisea1327 forcea1340 enforcing138. forcinga1382 forcenessc1400 violation?c1500 efforce1549 enforcement1577 Stafford law1589 vexation1605 club-law1612 aspertee1660 physical force1716 strong arm1836 savaging1858 muscle1879 strong-arming1906 ?c1500 Conversion of St. Paul (Digby) l. 179 All..with furyous vyolacion..Thus shalbe subduyd. 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. f. 61 Respecting chiefly to refraine from violacion of innocent blodde. a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1658) vi. 424 Perseus..sent away the Rodians open Vessels, and Eudemus their President without Violation, nay even civilly entreated. 1691 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 8) 23 To apply the Collateral Branches of his Wall Fruits..(without violation and unnatural bending and reverting) to the Earth or Borders. 1760 W. H. Dilworth tr. Voltaire Hist. Charles XII. King of Sweden viii. 135 Gillenbourg..having offended against the law of nations.., they did not scruple in England the violation of his person. 1798 Llewellin II. x. 341 Whilst that thy peaceful cottage underwent violation, I lay hid behind yon hay-stacks. 2000 E. S. Belfiore Murder among Friends iii. 56 The violation of suppliants committed by..the Herald... The Herald threatens to tear the clothes and hair of the Danaïds, to brand them and cut off their heads. 5. The act of interrupting, disturbing, or disrupting (peace, etc.); the act of intruding upon (a person's privacy); the act of encroaching upon (space, territory, etc.). ΚΠ 1589 tr. Restorer of French Estate i. 11 The likelihood is great, that your violation of the peace comes not through religion. 1606 B. Barnes Foure Bks. Offices i. 7 It withstandeth all reason and humane policie, with true colour emblazoning the violation and breach of peace and amitie. 1672 tr. T. Young Lords-day i. xi. 196 The punishment, with which..the violation of this rest [on the Sabbath] is attended by God. 1687 N. Tate Island-princess iii. iii. 28 So base a Violation of my Privacy? 1759 tr. E. de Vattel Law of Nations I. ii. vii. 151 This is what is called a violation of territory. 1817 Ann. Reg. 1816 State Papers 411/2 Comparatively few crimes in violation of the public peace have been committed. 1858 J. Williams Let. 31 July in Executive Documents U.S. House of Representatives (36th Congress, 2nd Sess.) (1861) IV. No. 5. 178 You had condescended..to cause..the violation of my private desk containing my papers and clothing. 1915 Times 25 Jan. 12/5 Two compartments have been turned into one and the lavatory basin stands out..in the corridor... The general sense is one of ruthless exposure and violation of privacy. 1986 I. Banks Bridge ii. ii. 111 Unspecified new measures are under evaluation with a view to preventing further violations of the bridge's airspace. 2005 N.Y. Times Mag. 20 Nov. 60/2 She laments the violation of her personal space. 6. Improper use or treatment of something; esp. unauthorized alteration or corruption of language or a text. Also: an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [noun] abusion?1387 misusing1395 misusea1398 abusingc1450 abuse?1473 misordering1526 abusage1548 misusage1567 misemployment1597 missaw1614 misimprovement1644 abusivenessa1677 misemploying1686 violation1795 1795 J. Bryant Observ. Treat. Descr. Plain of Troy 21 It is impossible, without the greatest violation of the text, and of language in general, to suppose, that [etc.] 1822 P. B. Shelley Charles I ii. 75 Look that those merchants..take fullest compensation For violation of our royal forests. 1835 Leigh Hunt's London Jrnl. 9 Apr. 15/3 An unconscious violation of the king's English. 1837 W. H. Ainsworth Rookwood (ed. 4) Pref. p. xxiv The kid, in culpable violation of scriptural phraseology, was seen, not seethed, in its mother's milk. 1927 Irish Monthly Apr. 217 This report was not called by soul-stirring names..; and yet Children's Charter applied to it would be no violation of words. 1996 Mind 105 556 Violation of the text..must have come from failing to respect those mandatory restrictions. Derivatives vioˈlational adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [adjective] litherc893 scathefulc900 balefulOE orneOE teenfulOE evilc1175 venomousc1290 scathela1300 prejudiciala1325 fell?c1335 harmfula1340 grievous1340 ill1340 wicked1340 noisomea1382 venomed1382 noyfulc1384 damageousc1386 mischievousc1390 unwholesomea1400 undisposingc1400 damnablec1420 prejudiciable1429 contagiousc1440 damagefulc1449 pestiferous1458 damageable1474 pestilent?a1475 nuisable1483 nocible1490 nuisible1490 nuisant1494 noxiousa1500 nocent?c1500 pestilential1531 tortious1532 pestilentious1533 nocive1538 offensivea1548 vitiating1547 dangerous1548 offending1552 dispendious1557 injurious1559 offensible1575 offensant1578 baneful1579 incommodious1579 prejudicious1579 prejudical1595 inimicous1598 damnifiable1604 taking1608 obnoxious1612 nocivousc1616 mischieving1621 nocuous1627 nocumentous1644 disserviceable1645 inimical1645 detrimentous1648 injuring1651 detrimental1656 inimicitial1656 nocumental1657 incommodous1677 fatal1681 inimic1696 nociferous1706 damnific1727 inimicable1805 violational1821 insalutary1836 detrimentary1841 wronging1845 unsalvatory1850 damaging1856 damnous1870 wack1986 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [adjective] > harmful or injurious > in tendency or detrimental injurious1559 marring1567 inimicous1598 blemishing1603 disserviceable1645 inimical1645 detrimentous1648 detrimental1656 inimicitial1656 inimic1696 inimicable1805 violational1821 detrimentary1841 vitiating1858 blotching1865 1821 J. Bentham Elements Art of Packing 94 Something or other..‘injurious’, ‘prejudicial’, ‘hurtful’, or ‘violational’. 1948 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 13 363/1 A person is delinquent if his attitudes will lead to violational behavior. 2004 M. R. Strauss A. Hitchcock's Silent Films vi. 111 The choice of using a relatively slow panning shot..gives this shot a kind of lascivious, violational quality. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1433
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