vexationn.

Brit.

/vɛkˈseɪʃn/, U.S.

/vɛkˈseɪʃən/

Forms: late Middle English vexacioun, late Middle English vexacioune, late Middle English vexacon, late Middle English vexacyone, late Middle English vexacyoun, late Middle English vexsacion, late Middle English wexacion, late Middle English wexacioun, late Middle English–1500s vexacyon, late Middle English–1600s vexacion, late Middle English– vexation, 1500s vexasion, 1500s vexasiun, 1500s vexatyon, 1500s–1600s uexation; also Scottish pre-1700 vexacione, pre-1700 vexacioun, pre-1700 vexatione, pre-1700 vexatioun, pre-1700 wexacioune, pre-1700 wexacoun, pre-1700 wexaseione, pre-1700 wexatioun.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French vexation; Latin vexātiōn-, vexātiō.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French vexation, vexacion (French vexation ) harassment (1261 in Old French; late 14th cent. or earlier with specific reference to harassment by unjustifiable claims or vexatious legal action), suffering, distress, hardship (late 14th cent. or earlier), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin vexātiōn-, vexātiō violent agitation, shaking, harassment, persecution, fact of causing suffering or distress, hardship < vexāt- , past participial stem of vexāre vex v. + -iō -ion suffix¹.Compare Catalan vexació (1392), Spanish vejación (late 14th cent.), Portuguese vexação (15th cent.), Italian vessazione (a1306), and also Middle Low German vexacie.

a. The action of troubling or harassing a person by aggression or interference, spec. (and now chiefly) by unjustifiable claims or vexatious legal action; the fact of being troubled or harassed in this way; cf. vexatious adj. 2. Also: an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > [noun]

drovinga1400

vexation1413

molestation1435

inquietation1461

inquieting1527

hershipc1540

pesterment1593

gêne1787

harassment1893

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > [noun] > harassment

baiting1303

cumbrance1377

persecutiona1382

pursuita1387

aggrievancea1400

vexing?a1425

molestation1435

stroublance1439

inquietation1461

distrouble1483

infestance1490

encumberment1509

molesting1523

vexationa1525

inquieting1527

inquietance1531

molestie1532

infestationc1540

moiling1565

plaguing1566

pesterment1593

commacerating1599

molestance1642

harass1667

harassing1689

harassment1753

aggrievement1778

badgering1785

pesteration1802

bedevilment1844

worrying1848

tail-twisting1887

bloodhounding1891

aggravation1902

static1923

crap1935

hassle1969

monstering1979

1413–19 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 227 (MED) The forsaid tenantz of Banstede aren destreyned by the Kyngges Baillife..in vexacion by diuerses tymes to þe Marchalsie.

1432 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. May 1432 §36. m. 6 The auditours..chargen þe saide bailifs ther with apoun theire accomptes, and committenn hem to prisoun, til leve be made..in grete vexation and trubble of all the pore communes of the saide schire.

1466 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 324 Suche persones as will cum to the citte..be fre withoute enny wexacion, cumyng, goyng and abydyng a day befor and a day after.

1523 Act 14 & 15 Henry VIII c. 3 §6 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 211 The said Maire..may have and use all..powers and auctorities..without trouble lette or vexacion of any of the Inhabitauntes.

a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 494 Be his longe defferynges, cautels, vexacions & troubles, he wold neuer haue conclucion, but fynde measne of trouble & vexacion to hurt & disheryte the pore comiens here of their rightfull comen.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxliiij^v They loued rather the vexation of the common wealth, than peace and quietnes.

1621 Sir T. Coventry in S. R. Gardiner Fortescue Papers (1871) 156 The vexacions of informers and other new devised straynes I shall endeavour to represse.

1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 258 Therefore the law provided a Writ of remedy against unjust vexation.

1654 tr. M. Martini Bellum Tartaricum 191 Finally..came out an Edict, which forbad all further vexation, after they had killed a hundred thousand men.

1733 Craftsman 7 Apr. 208 Many of the most constant Attenders of the Opera's resolved absolutely to renounce them, rather than go to them under such Extortion and Vexation.

1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 95 I still had hopes, my long vexations past, Here to return.

1831 W. Hamilton in Edinb. Rev. Mar. 206 He was constrained by their vexations to abandon that University.

1870 Message President U.S. in Relation to Hostilities in Cuba 148 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (41st Congr. 2nd Sess.: Senate Executive Doc. 108) III In the detention of the said sloop there could have been none of the illegal vexations which have been supposed.

1947 Lawyers Jrnl. (Manila) 30 Apr. 184/3 The last two had been arrested..for inciting to sedition..and had been duly charged..with unjust vexation and disobedience to police orders, respectively.

1994 Austral. Financial Rev. (Nexis) 3 Nov. 5 Such conduct amounted to impermissible vexation and oppression and constituted an abuse of the process of this Court.

2014 Pakistan Law Reporter (Nexis) 21 July The prosecutor or the accused..desires to recall or re-examine such witness for the purpose of vexation or delay or for defeating the ends of justice.

†b. Strict examination or calling to account. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > [noun] > intensive questioning

opposing1440

vexationa1525

Spanish Inquisition1625

pump1740

sweating1824

grilling1839

inquisition1856

third degree1900

stress interview1942

third-degreeing1944

a1525 in C. L. Kingsford Chrons. London (1905) 262 This yere was Sir William Capell ayein put in vexacion,..for thinges doon by hym in the tyme of his mairaltie.

a. The action of troubling, disturbing, or irritating a person or animal by physical means; the fact or state of being so troubled or distressed. Also: an instance of this; a physical discomfort or disorder.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > hostile interference

molestc1390

vexationa1425

molestation1435

molesting1523

molestance1642

a1425 ( H. Daniel Liber Uricrisiarum (Wellcome 225) 334 (MED) Þis het þus in þe handys & in þe fete is caused of het fumositeis comynge of þe spirituales bycaus of vexacions of þam.

c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 35 (MED) Many other men ioyid to be swagid from the vexacioun of feverys.

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 298 Abowte cockis crowe þe mayde, for gret vexacion þat she hadde with þe tempest, fell on slepe.

c1530 A. Barclay Egloges ii. sig. Kiij ^v In all that thy syght hath delectacyon Thy gredy tastynge, hath great vexacyon.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. iii^v By the tormentyng and vexacion of which sicknes,..they cast away the shetes & all the clothes liyng on the bed.

1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. viii. viii. 149 Mayming and racking, and scurging, & thousands other vexations.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iv. i. 68 That hee..May..thinke no more of this nights accidents, But as the fearce vexation of a dreame.

1611 B. Jonson Catiline iii. sig. G1^v No noise, no pulling, no vexation wakes thee, Thy Lethargie is such.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. at Assodes febris The Distemper usually arises from the Vexation of the Stomach by sharp and cholerick Humours.

1748 tr. Vegetius Of Distempers Horses iii. lx. 336 (heading) Of a Vexation or Disorder of the Intestine.

1840 Haileybury Observer 4 Nov. 50 All were nearly lost upon us, so thoroughly did our mental faculties participate in our bodily vexation.

1879 Daily News 27 Sept. 6/3 Truly delectable French cookery in modern times is confined to the preparation of a truffled fowl; and..all else is composed of obsolete culinary vanities and vexation of stomach.

1943 M. B. Freeman Herbs for Mediaeval Househ. Introd. p. x/2 An unknown writer..set down ‘a few powers of plants and some cures of the body’ for his compatriots, so that if any bodily vexation should befall them they might be cured by his science.

2009 E. Hand in G. R. R. Martin & G. Dozois Songs of Dying Earth (2010) 453 Elaborate physical vexations (boils, a variety of thrip that caused the skin..to erupt in a spectacular rash).

†b. The action of subjecting something, or the fact of being subjected, to violence or force. Also: an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > violent treatment or force

strong handOE

strengthOE

strenghc1300

violencec1300

mightc1325

stuntisea1327

forcea1340

enforcing138.

forcinga1382

forcenessc1400

violation?c1500

efforce1549

enforcement1577

Stafford law1589

vexation1605

club-law1612

aspertee1660

physical force1716

strong arm1836

savaging1858

muscle1879

strong-arming1906

1605 B. Jonson Sejanus iv. i. 70 As the wind doth try strong trees: Who by vexation grow more sound, and firme.

1612 B. Jonson Alchemist ii. v. sig. F Name the vexations, and the Martyrizations Of Mettalls, in the Worke.

1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Jewish Antiq. iv. viii, in Wks. 94 The Earth hath enough to do..without the Superfluous Vexations of the Plow over and above.

a. The state or fact of being mentally troubled or distressed; (in later use) esp. annoyance, irritation, dissatisfaction, or disappointment.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [noun]

annoy?c1225

noyancec1400

vexation?a1425

crabbingc1450

annoyance1502

grudging1530

vexation of spirit1535

fret1556

fashery1558

spitea1586

gall1591

molestation1598

annoyment1607

incommodation1664

vexednessa1670

tracasserie1715

incommodement1733

frettation1779

vex1815

balls-ache1938

sterks1941

?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 345 (MED) Men of þe world..I schal excite wiþ þe prik of conscience, or ellis wiþ vexacioun, þat þei feele in þe myddil of her herte.

1471 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 279 What vexacioun was then To the quene and the lordis... Then aftur kynge Edwarde thay cryed and did wepe.

a1500 MS Lamb. 306 in R. Brotanek Mittelengl. Dichtungen (1940) 155 Raynyng with Rewles resenable and Rightfull, The whiche for oure sake hathe sofferde grete vex [a] cion.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 275 Tak consolatioun in ȝour payne, In tribulatioun tak consolatioun, Out of vexatioun cum hame agayne.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. ii. f. 8 Contente onely to satisfie nature, without further vexation for knowelege of thinges to come.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream i. i. 22 Full of vexation, come I, with complaint Against my childe, my daughter Hermia.

1683 Britanniæ Speculum 101 Those Britains..did..so infest the Roman Province, that the very Vexation of it cost Ostorius his Life.

a1731 D. Defoe New Voy. round World (1787) I. 217 They..let it [sc. a canoe] go to the first cataract,..and had the vexation of seeing it dashed all to pieces.

1782 F. Burney Cecilia II. iii. viii. 108 She..very openly expressed her vexation and displeasure.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth viii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 247 The King..heard of this new trouble with much vexation.

1854 Poultry Chron. 2 122/2 The vexation of the poultry owner when he sees his favourites fall under the ravages of disease.

1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. i. 19 I spoke of the constant vexation I suffered because I could not draw better.

1918 W. Cather My Ántonia v. i. 215 He clenched his fists in vexation.

1961 B. Mellor in F. Hubert Poems Introd. i. p. xxxiv With growing vexation Hubert became aware that he could retain possession of the property only through constant, endless, and expensive processes against Coke himself.

2013 D. E. Scherer Bogie, Birdie, Dormie, Death xv. 273 She..turned away, disappearing into the crowd, much to Danny's vexation.

b. In vexation of mind, vexation of spirit, and variants.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > [noun]

sorec888

teeneOE

sorrowOE

workOE

wrakeOE

careOE

gramec1000

harmOE

howc1000

trayOE

woweOE

angec1175

derfnessc1175

sytec1175

unwinc1175

wosithc1200

ail?c1225

barrat?c1225

derf?c1225

grief?c1225

misease?c1225

misliking?c1225

ofthinkingc1225

passion?c1225

troublec1230

pinec1275

distress1297

grievancea1300

penancea1300

cumbermentc1300

languorc1300

cumbering1303

were1303

angera1325

strifea1325

sweama1325

woea1325

painc1330

tribulationc1330

illa1340

threst1340

constraintc1374

troublenessc1380

afflictiona1382

bruisinga1382

miseasetya1382

pressurec1384

exercisec1386

miscomfortc1390

mislikea1400

smarta1400

thronga1400

balec1400

painfulnessc1400

troublancec1400

smartness?c1425

painliness1435

perplexity?a1439

penalty?1462

calamity1490

penality1496

cumber?a1513

sussy1513

tribule1513

afflict?1529

vexation of spirit1535

troublesomeness1561

hoe1567

grievedness1571

tribulance1575

languishment1576

thrall1578

tine1590

languorment1593

aggrievedness1594

obturbation1623

afflictedness1646

erumny1657

pathos1684

shock1705

dree1791

vex1815

wrungnessa1875

dukkha1886

thinkache1892

sufferation1976

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [noun]

annoy?c1225

noyancec1400

vexation?a1425

crabbingc1450

annoyance1502

grudging1530

vexation of spirit1535

fret1556

fashery1558

spitea1586

gall1591

molestation1598

annoyment1607

incommodation1664

vexednessa1670

tracasserie1715

incommodement1733

frettation1779

vex1815

balls-ache1938

sterks1941

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. lxv. C Ye shal crie for sorow of hert, and complayne for vexacion of mynde.

a1554 J. Croke tr. Eccles. i. in Thirteen Psalms (1844) 49 Nought fynde I but vexacion Of spryte and mynde.

1560 Bible (Geneva) Ecclus. ii. 17 All is vanitie, & vexacion of the spirit.

1588 A. Fraunce Lawiers Logike Ded. sig. ¶2^v The perpetuall vexation of Spirite, and continuall consumption of body, incident to euery scholler.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Marrison,..chafing, fuming, vexation of mind.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. vii. 422 Many men spend themselues,..vpon small quarrels,..with much vexation of spirit and anguish of minde.

a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) X. 78 But that which begins in vanity, must needs determine in vexation of spirit.

1755 G. Wirgman tr. L. Heister Med., Chirurg., & Anat. Cases & Observ. 133 (heading) A woman in child-bed, who, from some vexation of mind, was seized with a severe fit of sickness.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 61 She found her reward in vanity and vexation of spirit.

1852 E. W. Benson Diary in A. C. Benson Life of E. W. Benson (1899) I. iii. 111 A time full of interest to me for my whole life..to be for ever looked back upon with vexation of spirit.

1928 Times 20 Aug. 18/1 The position of the Shorthorn breed of cattle in this country has been causing some vexation of mind.

1989 P. O'Brian Thirteen Gun Salute (1992) i. 19 Stephen went on, his vexation of spirit diminishing as he spoke.

2015 Sun (Nigeria) (Nexis) 14 May We have seen all the works and the ambitions of man done under the sun, and we beheld that all is crass vanity and vexation of spirit.

4. A source or cause of mental trouble or distress; a grief or affliction; an annoyance.insect vexation: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [noun]

sorrowOE

ail?c1225

scorpion?c1225

dolec1290

angera1325

anguishc1330

cupa1340

aggrievancea1400

discomfortc1405

afflictionc1429

sytec1440

pressurea1500

constraint1509

tenterhook1532

grief1535

annoying1566

troubler1567

griper1573

vexation1588

infliction1590

trouble1591

temptationc1595

load1600

torment1600

wringer1602

sorance1609

inflicting1611

brusha1616

freighta1631

woe-heart1637

ordeala1658

cut-up1782

unpleasure1792

iron maiden1870

mental cruelty1899

1588 G. Babington Profitable Expos. Lords Prayer iii. 268 To see the contrarie, is a vexation to his soule very vehement and great.

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. iii. 13 It is an extreame vexation, that wee must bee toyled amongst such little pettyes.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) iv. iv. 273 + 18 Your Children were vexation to your youth, But mine shall be a comfort to your Age.

1638 R. Baker tr. J. L. G. de Balzac New Epist. III. 165 Sir, I am your vexation in ordinary.

1714 M. Henry Pleasantness Relig. Life ii. 38 The Love of God reigning in the Soul..is as much a Satisfaction to the Soul, as the Love of the World is a Vexation to it.

1765 W. Cowper Let. 1 Aug. (1979) I. 108 It is a mark of their great charity for one who has been a disappointment and a vexation to them.

1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger ii. v. 94 It may be a vexation and disadvantage to us.

1882 Daily Republican-Sentinel (Milwaukee, Wisconsin) 8 Sept. 3/1 The intercourse of families..is harrassed with many worthless vexations and tormenting distinctions.

1942 H. D. Eberlein & C. Van D. Hubbard Hist. Houses Hudson Valley 189/1 There were internal difficulties, too—tardiness..of Congress;..and numerous minor vexations and perplexities.

1977 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Tribune 29 Apr. a12/1 They are a vexation, a worry, an alarm, a burden and a threat.

2015 Belfast Tel. (Nexis) 18 Aug. 27 I am going deaf myself, so I can quite see that it is a vexation.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	vexation
释义	vexationn. Brit. /vɛkˈseɪʃn/, U.S. /vɛkˈseɪʃən/ Forms: late Middle English vexacioun, late Middle English vexacioune, late Middle English vexacon, late Middle English vexacyone, late Middle English vexacyoun, late Middle English vexsacion, late Middle English wexacion, late Middle English wexacioun, late Middle English–1500s vexacyon, late Middle English–1600s vexacion, late Middle English– vexation, 1500s vexasion, 1500s vexasiun, 1500s vexatyon, 1500s–1600s uexation; also Scottish pre-1700 vexacione, pre-1700 vexacioun, pre-1700 vexatione, pre-1700 vexatioun, pre-1700 wexacioune, pre-1700 wexacoun, pre-1700 wexaseione, pre-1700 wexatioun. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French vexation; Latin vexātiōn-, vexātiō. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French vexation, vexacion (French vexation ) harassment (1261 in Old French; late 14th cent. or earlier with specific reference to harassment by unjustifiable claims or vexatious legal action), suffering, distress, hardship (late 14th cent. or earlier), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin vexātiōn-, vexātiō violent agitation, shaking, harassment, persecution, fact of causing suffering or distress, hardship < vexāt- , past participial stem of vexāre vex v. + -iō -ion suffix¹.Compare Catalan vexació (1392), Spanish vejación (late 14th cent.), Portuguese vexação (15th cent.), Italian vessazione (a1306), and also Middle Low German vexacie. 1. a. The action of troubling or harassing a person by aggression or interference, spec. (and now chiefly) by unjustifiable claims or vexatious legal action; the fact of being troubled or harassed in this way; cf. vexatious adj. 2. Also: an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > [noun] drovinga1400 vexation1413 molestation1435 inquietation1461 inquieting1527 hershipc1540 pesterment1593 gêne1787 harassment1893 the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > [noun] > harassment baiting1303 cumbrance1377 persecutiona1382 pursuita1387 aggrievancea1400 vexing?a1425 molestation1435 stroublance1439 inquietation1461 distrouble1483 infestance1490 encumberment1509 molesting1523 vexationa1525 inquieting1527 inquietance1531 molestie1532 infestationc1540 moiling1565 plaguing1566 pesterment1593 commacerating1599 molestance1642 harass1667 harassing1689 harassment1753 aggrievement1778 badgering1785 pesteration1802 bedevilment1844 worrying1848 tail-twisting1887 bloodhounding1891 aggravation1902 static1923 crap1935 hassle1969 monstering1979 1413–19 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 227 (MED) The forsaid tenantz of Banstede aren destreyned by the Kyngges Baillife..in vexacion by diuerses tymes to þe Marchalsie. 1432 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. May 1432 §36. m. 6 The auditours..chargen þe saide bailifs ther with apoun theire accomptes, and committenn hem to prisoun, til leve be made..in grete vexation and trubble of all the pore communes of the saide schire. 1466 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 324 Suche persones as will cum to the citte..be fre withoute enny wexacion, cumyng, goyng and abydyng a day befor and a day after. 1523 Act 14 & 15 Henry VIII c. 3 §6 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 211 The said Maire..may have and use all..powers and auctorities..without trouble lette or vexacion of any of the Inhabitauntes. a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 494 Be his longe defferynges, cautels, vexacions & troubles, he wold neuer haue conclucion, but fynde measne of trouble & vexacion to hurt & disheryte the pore comiens here of their rightfull comen. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxliiij^v They loued rather the vexation of the common wealth, than peace and quietnes. 1621 Sir T. Coventry in S. R. Gardiner Fortescue Papers (1871) 156 The vexacions of informers and other new devised straynes I shall endeavour to represse. 1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 258 Therefore the law provided a Writ of remedy against unjust vexation. 1654 tr. M. Martini Bellum Tartaricum 191 Finally..came out an Edict, which forbad all further vexation, after they had killed a hundred thousand men. 1733 Craftsman 7 Apr. 208 Many of the most constant Attenders of the Opera's resolved absolutely to renounce them, rather than go to them under such Extortion and Vexation. 1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 95 I still had hopes, my long vexations past, Here to return. 1831 W. Hamilton in Edinb. Rev. Mar. 206 He was constrained by their vexations to abandon that University. 1870 Message President U.S. in Relation to Hostilities in Cuba 148 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (41st Congr. 2nd Sess.: Senate Executive Doc. 108) III In the detention of the said sloop there could have been none of the illegal vexations which have been supposed. 1947 Lawyers Jrnl. (Manila) 30 Apr. 184/3 The last two had been arrested..for inciting to sedition..and had been duly charged..with unjust vexation and disobedience to police orders, respectively. 1994 Austral. Financial Rev. (Nexis) 3 Nov. 5 Such conduct amounted to impermissible vexation and oppression and constituted an abuse of the process of this Court. 2014 Pakistan Law Reporter (Nexis) 21 July The prosecutor or the accused..desires to recall or re-examine such witness for the purpose of vexation or delay or for defeating the ends of justice. †b. Strict examination or calling to account. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > [noun] > intensive questioning opposing1440 vexationa1525 Spanish Inquisition1625 pump1740 sweating1824 grilling1839 inquisition1856 third degree1900 stress interview1942 third-degreeing1944 a1525 in C. L. Kingsford Chrons. London (1905) 262 This yere was Sir William Capell ayein put in vexacion,..for thinges doon by hym in the tyme of his mairaltie. 2. a. The action of troubling, disturbing, or irritating a person or animal by physical means; the fact or state of being so troubled or distressed. Also: an instance of this; a physical discomfort or disorder. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > hostile interference molestc1390 vexationa1425 molestation1435 molesting1523 molestance1642 a1425 ( H. Daniel Liber Uricrisiarum (Wellcome 225) 334 (MED) Þis het þus in þe handys & in þe fete is caused of het fumositeis comynge of þe spirituales bycaus of vexacions of þam. c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 35 (MED) Many other men ioyid to be swagid from the vexacioun of feverys. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 298 Abowte cockis crowe þe mayde, for gret vexacion þat she hadde with þe tempest, fell on slepe. c1530 A. Barclay Egloges ii. sig. Kiij ^v In all that thy syght hath delectacyon Thy gredy tastynge, hath great vexacyon. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. iii^v By the tormentyng and vexacion of which sicknes,..they cast away the shetes & all the clothes liyng on the bed. 1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. viii. viii. 149 Mayming and racking, and scurging, & thousands other vexations. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iv. i. 68 That hee..May..thinke no more of this nights accidents, But as the fearce vexation of a dreame. View more context for this quotation 1611 B. Jonson Catiline iii. sig. G1^v No noise, no pulling, no vexation wakes thee, Thy Lethargie is such. View more context for this quotation 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. at Assodes febris The Distemper usually arises from the Vexation of the Stomach by sharp and cholerick Humours. 1748 tr. Vegetius Of Distempers Horses iii. lx. 336 (heading) Of a Vexation or Disorder of the Intestine. 1840 Haileybury Observer 4 Nov. 50 All were nearly lost upon us, so thoroughly did our mental faculties participate in our bodily vexation. 1879 Daily News 27 Sept. 6/3 Truly delectable French cookery in modern times is confined to the preparation of a truffled fowl; and..all else is composed of obsolete culinary vanities and vexation of stomach. 1943 M. B. Freeman Herbs for Mediaeval Househ. Introd. p. x/2 An unknown writer..set down ‘a few powers of plants and some cures of the body’ for his compatriots, so that if any bodily vexation should befall them they might be cured by his science. 2009 E. Hand in G. R. R. Martin & G. Dozois Songs of Dying Earth (2010) 453 Elaborate physical vexations (boils, a variety of thrip that caused the skin..to erupt in a spectacular rash). †b. The action of subjecting something, or the fact of being subjected, to violence or force. Also: an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > violent treatment or force strong handOE strengthOE strenghc1300 violencec1300 mightc1325 stuntisea1327 forcea1340 enforcing138. forcinga1382 forcenessc1400 violation?c1500 efforce1549 enforcement1577 Stafford law1589 vexation1605 club-law1612 aspertee1660 physical force1716 strong arm1836 savaging1858 muscle1879 strong-arming1906 1605 B. Jonson Sejanus iv. i. 70 As the wind doth try strong trees: Who by vexation grow more sound, and firme. View more context for this quotation 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist ii. v. sig. F Name the vexations, and the Martyrizations Of Mettalls, in the Worke. View more context for this quotation 1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Jewish Antiq. iv. viii, in Wks. 94 The Earth hath enough to do..without the Superfluous Vexations of the Plow over and above. 3. a. The state or fact of being mentally troubled or distressed; (in later use) esp. annoyance, irritation, dissatisfaction, or disappointment. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [noun] annoy?c1225 noyancec1400 vexation?a1425 crabbingc1450 annoyance1502 grudging1530 vexation of spirit1535 fret1556 fashery1558 spitea1586 gall1591 molestation1598 annoyment1607 incommodation1664 vexednessa1670 tracasserie1715 incommodement1733 frettation1779 vex1815 balls-ache1938 sterks1941 ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 345 (MED) Men of þe world..I schal excite wiþ þe prik of conscience, or ellis wiþ vexacioun, þat þei feele in þe myddil of her herte. 1471 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 279 What vexacioun was then To the quene and the lordis... Then aftur kynge Edwarde thay cryed and did wepe. a1500 MS Lamb. 306 in R. Brotanek Mittelengl. Dichtungen (1940) 155 Raynyng with Rewles resenable and Rightfull, The whiche for oure sake hathe sofferde grete vex [a] cion. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 275 Tak consolatioun in ȝour payne, In tribulatioun tak consolatioun, Out of vexatioun cum hame agayne. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. ii. f. 8 Contente onely to satisfie nature, without further vexation for knowelege of thinges to come. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream i. i. 22 Full of vexation, come I, with complaint Against my childe, my daughter Hermia. View more context for this quotation 1683 Britanniæ Speculum 101 Those Britains..did..so infest the Roman Province, that the very Vexation of it cost Ostorius his Life. a1731 D. Defoe New Voy. round World (1787) I. 217 They..let it [sc. a canoe] go to the first cataract,..and had the vexation of seeing it dashed all to pieces. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia II. iii. viii. 108 She..very openly expressed her vexation and displeasure. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth viii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 247 The King..heard of this new trouble with much vexation. 1854 Poultry Chron. 2 122/2 The vexation of the poultry owner when he sees his favourites fall under the ravages of disease. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. i. 19 I spoke of the constant vexation I suffered because I could not draw better. 1918 W. Cather My Ántonia v. i. 215 He clenched his fists in vexation. 1961 B. Mellor in F. Hubert Poems Introd. i. p. xxxiv With growing vexation Hubert became aware that he could retain possession of the property only through constant, endless, and expensive processes against Coke himself. 2013 D. E. Scherer Bogie, Birdie, Dormie, Death xv. 273 She..turned away, disappearing into the crowd, much to Danny's vexation. b. In vexation of mind, vexation of spirit, and variants. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > [noun] sorec888 teeneOE sorrowOE workOE wrakeOE careOE gramec1000 harmOE howc1000 trayOE woweOE angec1175 derfnessc1175 sytec1175 unwinc1175 wosithc1200 ail?c1225 barrat?c1225 derf?c1225 grief?c1225 misease?c1225 misliking?c1225 ofthinkingc1225 passion?c1225 troublec1230 pinec1275 distress1297 grievancea1300 penancea1300 cumbermentc1300 languorc1300 cumbering1303 were1303 angera1325 strifea1325 sweama1325 woea1325 painc1330 tribulationc1330 illa1340 threst1340 constraintc1374 troublenessc1380 afflictiona1382 bruisinga1382 miseasetya1382 pressurec1384 exercisec1386 miscomfortc1390 mislikea1400 smarta1400 thronga1400 balec1400 painfulnessc1400 troublancec1400 smartness?c1425 painliness1435 perplexity?a1439 penalty?1462 calamity1490 penality1496 cumber?a1513 sussy1513 tribule1513 afflict?1529 vexation of spirit1535 troublesomeness1561 hoe1567 grievedness1571 tribulance1575 languishment1576 thrall1578 tine1590 languorment1593 aggrievedness1594 obturbation1623 afflictedness1646 erumny1657 pathos1684 shock1705 dree1791 vex1815 wrungnessa1875 dukkha1886 thinkache1892 sufferation1976 the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [noun] annoy?c1225 noyancec1400 vexation?a1425 crabbingc1450 annoyance1502 grudging1530 vexation of spirit1535 fret1556 fashery1558 spitea1586 gall1591 molestation1598 annoyment1607 incommodation1664 vexednessa1670 tracasserie1715 incommodement1733 frettation1779 vex1815 balls-ache1938 sterks1941 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. lxv. C Ye shal crie for sorow of hert, and complayne for vexacion of mynde. a1554 J. Croke tr. Eccles. i. in Thirteen Psalms (1844) 49 Nought fynde I but vexacion Of spryte and mynde. 1560 Bible (Geneva) Ecclus. ii. 17 All is vanitie, & vexacion of the spirit. 1588 A. Fraunce Lawiers Logike Ded. sig. ¶2^v The perpetuall vexation of Spirite, and continuall consumption of body, incident to euery scholler. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Marrison,..chafing, fuming, vexation of mind. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. vii. 422 Many men spend themselues,..vpon small quarrels,..with much vexation of spirit and anguish of minde. a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) X. 78 But that which begins in vanity, must needs determine in vexation of spirit. 1755 G. Wirgman tr. L. Heister Med., Chirurg., & Anat. Cases & Observ. 133 (heading) A woman in child-bed, who, from some vexation of mind, was seized with a severe fit of sickness. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 61 She found her reward in vanity and vexation of spirit. 1852 E. W. Benson Diary in A. C. Benson Life of E. W. Benson (1899) I. iii. 111 A time full of interest to me for my whole life..to be for ever looked back upon with vexation of spirit. 1928 Times 20 Aug. 18/1 The position of the Shorthorn breed of cattle in this country has been causing some vexation of mind. 1989 P. O'Brian Thirteen Gun Salute (1992) i. 19 Stephen went on, his vexation of spirit diminishing as he spoke. 2015 Sun (Nigeria) (Nexis) 14 May We have seen all the works and the ambitions of man done under the sun, and we beheld that all is crass vanity and vexation of spirit. 4. A source or cause of mental trouble or distress; a grief or affliction; an annoyance.insect vexation: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [noun] sorrowOE ail?c1225 scorpion?c1225 dolec1290 angera1325 anguishc1330 cupa1340 aggrievancea1400 discomfortc1405 afflictionc1429 sytec1440 pressurea1500 constraint1509 tenterhook1532 grief1535 annoying1566 troubler1567 griper1573 vexation1588 infliction1590 trouble1591 temptationc1595 load1600 torment1600 wringer1602 sorance1609 inflicting1611 brusha1616 freighta1631 woe-heart1637 ordeala1658 cut-up1782 unpleasure1792 iron maiden1870 mental cruelty1899 1588 G. Babington Profitable Expos. Lords Prayer iii. 268 To see the contrarie, is a vexation to his soule very vehement and great. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. iii. 13 It is an extreame vexation, that wee must bee toyled amongst such little pettyes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) iv. iv. 273 + 18 Your Children were vexation to your youth, But mine shall be a comfort to your Age. 1638 R. Baker tr. J. L. G. de Balzac New Epist. III. 165 Sir, I am your vexation in ordinary. 1714 M. Henry Pleasantness Relig. Life ii. 38 The Love of God reigning in the Soul..is as much a Satisfaction to the Soul, as the Love of the World is a Vexation to it. 1765 W. Cowper Let. 1 Aug. (1979) I. 108 It is a mark of their great charity for one who has been a disappointment and a vexation to them. 1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger ii. v. 94 It may be a vexation and disadvantage to us. 1882 Daily Republican-Sentinel (Milwaukee, Wisconsin) 8 Sept. 3/1 The intercourse of families..is harrassed with many worthless vexations and tormenting distinctions. 1942 H. D. Eberlein & C. Van D. Hubbard Hist. Houses Hudson Valley 189/1 There were internal difficulties, too—tardiness..of Congress;..and numerous minor vexations and perplexities. 1977 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Tribune 29 Apr. a12/1 They are a vexation, a worry, an alarm, a burden and a threat. 2015 Belfast Tel. (Nexis) 18 Aug. 27 I am going deaf myself, so I can quite see that it is a vexation. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1413
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