† viandern.¹

Forms: α. Middle English vyaundour, viandoure, Middle English Scottish vyanddour, wyandoure. β. Middle English vyander (?), 1500s vyandre, 1500s–1600s viander.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman via(u)ndour, viandere, Old French viandiere, viandier, < viande viand n.¹

Obsolete.

1. One who provides viands or good cheer for his household or guests; a (liberal) host or entertainer. Usually with adjectives, esp. good.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > hospitality > hospitable person > [noun]

vianderc1330

meat giverc1400

housekeeper1538

franklin1577

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 4076 Knyght was he fol god in stour, & lyberal man, & vyaundour [v.r. & metegift man viandoure].

14.. Forme of Cury in Warner Antiq. Culin. (1791) 1 Kyng Richard the Secunde kyng of Inglond,..the which was accounted the best and ryallest vyand [er] of alle cristen kynges.

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. x. 1130 This Kyng wes wys and debonare; Gud vyanddour, and fed hym fare.

1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xv. f. 152^v Placis to kepe all maner of foulle be requyred in a good vianders house [L. in domo dapsili].

1534 R. Whittington tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Tullyes Offyces ii. sig. N.7 One called Cimo in Athenes was also a lyberall vyandre to his frendes.

1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande iv. f. 18/1, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Wherein she fareth lyke one, that, to purchase y^e name of a sumptuous francklene or a good viander, woulde bidde diuers guestes to a costly and daintie dinner.

2. One who provides himself with good cheer; one who is fond of good living.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > gastronomy > [noun] > gastronome or epicure

viandera1556

sweet-lips1580

deipnosophist1581

feaster1585

epicure1586

friand1598

palatist1620

goinfre1643

palate-mana1661

palate-peoplea1661

bon-vivant1695

belly-critica1711

gourmand1758

turtle-eatera1774

connoisseur1796

gullet-fancier1805

gastrophilist1814

gastrologer1820

gastronomer1820

gastrophile1820

gourmet1820

palatician1821

gastrologist1822

gastronome1823

gastronomist1825

degustator1833

aristologist1835

opsophagist1854

gastrosoph1855

bon viveur1865

gastrosopher1894

foodist1906

foodie1980

a1556 T. Cranmer Let. 29 Nov. in G. Burnet Hist. Reformation (1715) III. iii. 157 How..Prebendaries have..spent..their Substance in superfluous Belly Chere... Commonly a Prebendarie is neither a Learner, nor Teacher, but a Good Viander.

1780 S. Pegge Forme of Cury p. v It is certain that Hardicnut stands on record as an egregious glutton, but he is not particularly famous for being a curious Viander.

3. A supplier or seller of provisions.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > providing or receiving food > [noun] > supplying food or catering > supplier of food or caterer

purveyor1340

victualler1377

caterc1400

purveyoressc1400

achatourc1405

acaterc1415

providerc1485

provenderc1530

meatsman1567

caterer1592

proveditor1592

viander1598

foregoer1601

meat-man1614

prog man1618

provedore1631

provisioner1633

meater1643

opsonator1656

sutler1710

society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions

victualler1377

grocer1465

chandler1583

viander1598

sutler1710

provision man1859

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 151 These vianders, and marchants, doth the Lord Marshall assure and guard.

1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iii. iv. 94 The Armie shall euer haue great resort of Victuallers, Vianders, Sutlers and all occupations to relieve euery want.

4. (See quot. 1751.)

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > election officials

scrutator1618

scrutineer1682

scrutinator1691

returning officer1728

presiding officer1745

viander1751

warden1763

poll clerk1783

canvasser1792

polling clerk1833

tally-clerk1890

1751 S. Whatley England's Gazetteer at Newport, (Cornw.) It has sent members to Pt. ever since the 6th of Edw. VI. who are returned by two officers, called vianders.

1761 London Gaz. 17–21 Jan. 2/1 The Vyanders and Principal Inhabitants of the Borough of Newport.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

† viandern.²

Forms: Also 1500s viandre, 1600s viandour.

Etymology: < Old French viandier, formed as viander n.¹

Obsolete.

Viands, victuals, food.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > [noun]

meateOE

eatOE

foodOE

fodderOE

dietc1230

gista1290

victual1303

victualsa1375

preya1382

feedinga1398

pasturea1398

viancea1400

viandsc1400

livingc1405

meatingc1425

vitalyc1440

vianda1450

cates1461

vivers1536

viandry1542

viander1543

gut-matter1549

peck1567

belly-cheer1579

appast1580

manchet1583

chat1584

belly-metal1590

repasture1598

cibaries1599

belly-timber1607

belly-cheat1608

peckage1610

victuallage1622

keeping1644

vivresa1650

crib1652

prog1655

grub1659

beef1661

fooding1663

teething1673

eatablea1687

sunket1686

yam1788

chow-chow1795

keep1801

feed1818

grubbing1819

patter1824

ninyam1826

nyam1828

grubbery1831

tack1834

kai1845

mungaree1846

scoff1846

foodstuff1847

chuck1850

muckamuck1852

tuck1857

tucker1858

hash1865

nosh1873

jock1879

cake flour1881

chow1886

nosebag1888

stodge1890

food aid1900

tackle1900

munga1907

scarf1932

grubber1959

1543 R. Grafton Contin. in Chron. J. Hardyng f. cxxxi When thei had as well sufficiente viandre as all other thynges ready, thei toke their iourney to Welles.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxlij^v The Englishemen..prohibited the Gascoynes, to minister to his armie, viandre and sustenaunce.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxlviij^v The sumptuous feast, the delicate viander.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 105 She..goeth another way to the Viander and vittailes, and there eateth hir fyll.

1625 J. Robinson Ess. (1851) I. xxxi. 134 Though it seem unreasonable that the less way men have to go, they should be careful for the more viandour and provision for their journey.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	viander
释义	† viandern.¹ Forms: α. Middle English vyaundour, viandoure, Middle English Scottish vyanddour, wyandoure. β. Middle English vyander (?), 1500s vyandre, 1500s–1600s viander. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman via(u)ndour, viandere, Old French viandiere, viandier, < viande viand n.¹ Obsolete. 1. One who provides viands or good cheer for his household or guests; a (liberal) host or entertainer. Usually with adjectives, esp. good. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > hospitality > hospitable person > [noun] vianderc1330 meat giverc1400 housekeeper1538 franklin1577 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 4076 Knyght was he fol god in stour, & lyberal man, & vyaundour [v.r. & metegift man viandoure]. 14.. Forme of Cury in Warner Antiq. Culin. (1791) 1 Kyng Richard the Secunde kyng of Inglond,..the which was accounted the best and ryallest vyand [er] of alle cristen kynges. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. x. 1130 This Kyng wes wys and debonare; Gud vyanddour, and fed hym fare. 1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xv. f. 152^v Placis to kepe all maner of foulle be requyred in a good vianders house [L. in domo dapsili]. 1534 R. Whittington tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Tullyes Offyces ii. sig. N.7 One called Cimo in Athenes was also a lyberall vyandre to his frendes. 1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande iv. f. 18/1, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Wherein she fareth lyke one, that, to purchase y^e name of a sumptuous francklene or a good viander, woulde bidde diuers guestes to a costly and daintie dinner. 2. One who provides himself with good cheer; one who is fond of good living. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > gastronomy > [noun] > gastronome or epicure viandera1556 sweet-lips1580 deipnosophist1581 feaster1585 epicure1586 friand1598 palatist1620 goinfre1643 palate-mana1661 palate-peoplea1661 bon-vivant1695 belly-critica1711 gourmand1758 turtle-eatera1774 connoisseur1796 gullet-fancier1805 gastrophilist1814 gastrologer1820 gastronomer1820 gastrophile1820 gourmet1820 palatician1821 gastrologist1822 gastronome1823 gastronomist1825 degustator1833 aristologist1835 opsophagist1854 gastrosoph1855 bon viveur1865 gastrosopher1894 foodist1906 foodie1980 a1556 T. Cranmer Let. 29 Nov. in G. Burnet Hist. Reformation (1715) III. iii. 157 How..Prebendaries have..spent..their Substance in superfluous Belly Chere... Commonly a Prebendarie is neither a Learner, nor Teacher, but a Good Viander. 1780 S. Pegge Forme of Cury p. v It is certain that Hardicnut stands on record as an egregious glutton, but he is not particularly famous for being a curious Viander. 3. A supplier or seller of provisions. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > providing or receiving food > [noun] > supplying food or catering > supplier of food or caterer purveyor1340 victualler1377 caterc1400 purveyoressc1400 achatourc1405 acaterc1415 providerc1485 provenderc1530 meatsman1567 caterer1592 proveditor1592 viander1598 foregoer1601 meat-man1614 prog man1618 provedore1631 provisioner1633 meater1643 opsonator1656 sutler1710 society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions victualler1377 grocer1465 chandler1583 viander1598 sutler1710 provision man1859 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 151 These vianders, and marchants, doth the Lord Marshall assure and guard. 1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iii. iv. 94 The Armie shall euer haue great resort of Victuallers, Vianders, Sutlers and all occupations to relieve euery want. 4. (See quot. 1751.) ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > election officials scrutator1618 scrutineer1682 scrutinator1691 returning officer1728 presiding officer1745 viander1751 warden1763 poll clerk1783 canvasser1792 polling clerk1833 tally-clerk1890 1751 S. Whatley England's Gazetteer at Newport, (Cornw.) It has sent members to Pt. ever since the 6th of Edw. VI. who are returned by two officers, called vianders. 1761 London Gaz. 17–21 Jan. 2/1 The Vyanders and Principal Inhabitants of the Borough of Newport. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2021). † viandern.² Forms: Also 1500s viandre, 1600s viandour. Etymology: < Old French viandier, formed as viander n.¹ Obsolete. Viands, victuals, food. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > [noun] meateOE eatOE foodOE fodderOE dietc1230 gista1290 victual1303 victualsa1375 preya1382 feedinga1398 pasturea1398 viancea1400 viandsc1400 livingc1405 meatingc1425 vitalyc1440 vianda1450 cates1461 vivers1536 viandry1542 viander1543 gut-matter1549 peck1567 belly-cheer1579 appast1580 manchet1583 chat1584 belly-metal1590 repasture1598 cibaries1599 belly-timber1607 belly-cheat1608 peckage1610 victuallage1622 keeping1644 vivresa1650 crib1652 prog1655 grub1659 beef1661 fooding1663 teething1673 eatablea1687 sunket1686 yam1788 chow-chow1795 keep1801 feed1818 grubbing1819 patter1824 ninyam1826 nyam1828 grubbery1831 tack1834 kai1845 mungaree1846 scoff1846 foodstuff1847 chuck1850 muckamuck1852 tuck1857 tucker1858 hash1865 nosh1873 jock1879 cake flour1881 chow1886 nosebag1888 stodge1890 food aid1900 tackle1900 munga1907 scarf1932 grubber1959 1543 R. Grafton Contin. in Chron. J. Hardyng f. cxxxi When thei had as well sufficiente viandre as all other thynges ready, thei toke their iourney to Welles. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxlij^v The Englishemen..prohibited the Gascoynes, to minister to his armie, viandre and sustenaunce. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxlviij^v The sumptuous feast, the delicate viander. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 105 She..goeth another way to the Viander and vittailes, and there eateth hir fyll. 1625 J. Robinson Ess. (1851) I. xxxi. 134 Though it seem unreasonable that the less way men have to go, they should be careful for the more viandour and provision for their journey. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹c1330n.²1543
随便看	shaglike shagling shagrag shagreen shagreen case shagreen cover shagreen leather shagreen point shagreen scale shagreen skin shagreen-covered shagreen-granule shagreen-like shagreen-ray shagreen-skate shagreencovered shagreened shagreengranule shagreenlike shagreenray shagreens shagreenskate shagroon shagroons shags

† viandern.1

† viandern.2

† viandern.¹

† viandern.²