vigilantadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈvɪdʒᵻlənt/,

/ˈvɪdʒl̩n̩t/, U.S.

/ˈvɪdʒələnt/

Forms: Also 1500s -aunt, 1600s -ent.

Etymology: < French vigilant (= Spanish vigilante, Portuguese vigilante, Italian vigilante), or < Latin vigilant-, vigilans, present participle of vigilāre to keep awake, < vigil awake.

A. adj.

a. Wakeful and watchful; keeping steadily on the alert; attentively or closely observant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [adjective]

wakerc1000

watchingOE

wakingc1175

wakerlyc1400

circumspect1430

vigilant?a1500

prick-eared?1550

invigilant1570

vigil?1576

wakeful1589

eyeful1594

open-eyed1601

argus-eyed1603

watchful1603

alert1618

awake1619

vigilant1655

guardful1749

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Paddock & Mouse l. 2964 in Poems (1981) 110 Be vigilant thairfoir and ay reddie, For mannis lyfe is brukill and ay mortall.

1538 C. Tunstall Serm. Palme Sondaye (1823) 97 Saint Paule sayth..Gyue you to prayer, beinge vigilant in it.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxx Would to God you were as diligent in auauncing his glory, as they are vigilante and circumspect in handlyng of their matters.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Pet. v. 8 Be sober, be vigilant .

1640 F. Quarles Enchyridion iv. xcix Be very vigilent over thy Childe in the April of his understanding.

1660 in F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney Mem. Verney Family 17th Cent. (1907) I. 561 I am forced to be vigilant least I should be by him insnared.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 65. ⁋4 You are so little vigilant, as to let the Dogs run from their Kennels to this Place.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) II. xviii. 109 The vigilant citizens improved the opportunity of the night.

1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) iii. ii. 90 Disperse then to your posts: be firm and vigilant.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 274 A vigilant observer of all those minute circumstances which throw light on the dispositions of men.

1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. ii. iii. 418 He evaded the vigilance of the custom-house officers, and the more vigilant spies of the Inquisition.

absolute.1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 691/1 Laws come to the assistance of the vigilant, not to the sleepy.

†b. Const. of. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [adjective]

wakerc1000

watchingOE

wakingc1175

wakerlyc1400

circumspect1430

vigilant?a1500

prick-eared?1550

invigilant1570

vigil?1576

wakeful1589

eyeful1594

open-eyed1601

argus-eyed1603

watchful1603

alert1618

awake1619

vigilant1655

guardful1749

1655 Ld. Orrery Parthenissa II. i. vi. 120 Blacius is so vigilant of his Daughter, that your Rivall can derive no advantage by his Freedome.

1739 J. Swift Let. to Ld. Arran in Wks. (1766) XI. 197 Your lordship's present agent being extremely vigilant of all your lordship's interests, hath lately renewed the claim of the Ormond family to those tythes.

c. Heraldry. Of animals: (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic representations of creatures > [adjective] > other specific activities

portant1572

raping1610

vorant1766

pascuant?1828

vigilantc1828

c1828 W. Berry Encycl. Her. I. Gloss. Vigilant. This term is applicable to the cat, when borne in a position as if upon the watch for prey.

1863 C. Boutell Heraldry Hist. & Pop. (ed. 2) 57 The Lion..may be Vigilant or Vorant—watching for his prey, or devouring it.

d. vigilant men n. members of a vigilance committee (see vigilance n. Compounds). U.S.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [noun] > vigilante committee

vigilant men1824

committee of vigilance1837

vigilance committee1858

1824 Missouri Intelligencer 12 Feb. We hate what are called vigilant men; they are a set of suspicious, mean spirited mortals, that dislike fun.

2. Of attention, etc.: Characterized by vigilance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [adjective] > characterized by vigilance

vigilant1531

wakeful1561

watchful1582

unwinking1782

monitoring1907

monitored1940

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xiii. sig. Giv^v To the augmentation of vnderstandyng..is required to be moche redyng and vigilaunt studie in euery science.

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 131 He tooke order with one Clere,..that he should haue a vigilant eye to his arriuall.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xxxiii. 69 That vigilant and erect attention of minde, which in prayer is very necessarie.

1642 J. Taylor Whole Life Henry Walker sig. A2^v In which businesse there was used such vigilant care, that they were both taken that very day.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 12. ⁋2 A long week, I lived with my cousin, before the most vigilant inquiry could procure us the least hopes of a place.

1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 340 She has lost Much of her vigilant instinctive dread, Not needful here.

1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 64 They kept a vigilant eye..upon every height where a scout might be posted.

1845 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 I. vii. 400 It was impossible for him to exercise a vigilant personal supervision over the officers of the police.

†3. Wakeful; sleepless. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > state of being awake > [adjective] > wakeful or sleepless

wakrong1340

wakya1542

watchful1548

wakeful1549

vigilant1620

sleepless1633

waking1690

unslumbering1718

unslumbrous1818

slumberless1820

1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 131 It is a drinke very profitable..for students, for them that are too vigilant.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 439 Least the vehemency of chirking frogs vexe the wish'd-for Repose,..and cast him in a vigilant perplexity.

B. n.

1. A guardian or keeper. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [noun] > one who is vigilant

watch-woman1638

vigilant1822

minuteman1961

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun] > one who looks after > guardian or custodian

herd971

wardena1290

keepera1300

yemerc1330

looker1340

tutor1377

actorc1384

conservator1447

custosc1450

guardian1477

custodier?c1500

custode1543

guardant1592

custodian1602

supervisor1691

vigilant1822

1822 Repository No. 80. 110 Persian women of rank..hardly move but on horseback, and escorted always by trains of eunuchs and other trusty vigilants.

2. One who is wakeful or watchful.

ΚΠ

1822 T. G. Wainewright Ess. & Crit. (1880) 267 Nina no doubt shrank within her shadowy bower..from the hazy vision of these vigilants.

Derivatives

† ˈvigilantness n. Obsolete rare vigilance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [noun]

wareness971

i-warnessa1250

awaitc1374

watch14..

circumspecta1513

vigilancy1537

vigilance1570

advigilancy1577

wait?1578

vigilantnessa1599

lookout1599

watchfulness1611

alert1801

wakefulness1830

outlook1879

monitoring1924

a1599 R. Rollock Lect. Hist. Passion (1616) xi. 97 Pilate had a great vigilantnesse in his conscience.

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Vigilantness, Watchfulness.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	vigilant
释义	vigilantadj.n. Brit. /ˈvɪdʒᵻlənt/, /ˈvɪdʒl̩n̩t/, U.S. /ˈvɪdʒələnt/ Forms: Also 1500s -aunt, 1600s -ent. Etymology: < French vigilant (= Spanish vigilante, Portuguese vigilante, Italian vigilante), or < Latin vigilant-, vigilans, present participle of vigilāre to keep awake, < vigil awake. A. adj. 1. a. Wakeful and watchful; keeping steadily on the alert; attentively or closely observant. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [adjective] wakerc1000 watchingOE wakingc1175 wakerlyc1400 circumspect1430 vigilant?a1500 prick-eared?1550 invigilant1570 vigil?1576 wakeful1589 eyeful1594 open-eyed1601 argus-eyed1603 watchful1603 alert1618 awake1619 vigilant1655 guardful1749 a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Paddock & Mouse l. 2964 in Poems (1981) 110 Be vigilant thairfoir and ay reddie, For mannis lyfe is brukill and ay mortall. 1538 C. Tunstall Serm. Palme Sondaye (1823) 97 Saint Paule sayth..Gyue you to prayer, beinge vigilant in it. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxx Would to God you were as diligent in auauncing his glory, as they are vigilante and circumspect in handlyng of their matters. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Pet. v. 8 Be sober, be vigilant . View more context for this quotation 1640 F. Quarles Enchyridion iv. xcix Be very vigilent over thy Childe in the April of his understanding. 1660 in F. P. Verney & M. M. Verney Mem. Verney Family 17th Cent. (1907) I. 561 I am forced to be vigilant least I should be by him insnared. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 65. ⁋4 You are so little vigilant, as to let the Dogs run from their Kennels to this Place. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) II. xviii. 109 The vigilant citizens improved the opportunity of the night. 1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) iii. ii. 90 Disperse then to your posts: be firm and vigilant. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. ii. 274 A vigilant observer of all those minute circumstances which throw light on the dispositions of men. 1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II of Spain I. ii. iii. 418 He evaded the vigilance of the custom-house officers, and the more vigilant spies of the Inquisition. absolute.1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 691/1 Laws come to the assistance of the vigilant, not to the sleepy. †b. Const. of. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [adjective] wakerc1000 watchingOE wakingc1175 wakerlyc1400 circumspect1430 vigilant?a1500 prick-eared?1550 invigilant1570 vigil?1576 wakeful1589 eyeful1594 open-eyed1601 argus-eyed1603 watchful1603 alert1618 awake1619 vigilant1655 guardful1749 1655 Ld. Orrery Parthenissa II. i. vi. 120 Blacius is so vigilant of his Daughter, that your Rivall can derive no advantage by his Freedome. 1739 J. Swift Let. to Ld. Arran in Wks. (1766) XI. 197 Your lordship's present agent being extremely vigilant of all your lordship's interests, hath lately renewed the claim of the Ormond family to those tythes. c. Heraldry. Of animals: (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic representations of creatures > [adjective] > other specific activities portant1572 raping1610 vorant1766 pascuant?1828 vigilantc1828 c1828 W. Berry Encycl. Her. I. Gloss. Vigilant. This term is applicable to the cat, when borne in a position as if upon the watch for prey. 1863 C. Boutell Heraldry Hist. & Pop. (ed. 2) 57 The Lion..may be Vigilant or Vorant—watching for his prey, or devouring it. d. vigilant men n. members of a vigilance committee (see vigilance n. Compounds). U.S. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [noun] > vigilante committee vigilant men1824 committee of vigilance1837 vigilance committee1858 1824 Missouri Intelligencer 12 Feb. We hate what are called vigilant men; they are a set of suspicious, mean spirited mortals, that dislike fun. 2. Of attention, etc.: Characterized by vigilance. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [adjective] > characterized by vigilance vigilant1531 wakeful1561 watchful1582 unwinking1782 monitoring1907 monitored1940 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xiii. sig. Giv^v To the augmentation of vnderstandyng..is required to be moche redyng and vigilaunt studie in euery science. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 131 He tooke order with one Clere,..that he should haue a vigilant eye to his arriuall. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xxxiii. 69 That vigilant and erect attention of minde, which in prayer is very necessarie. 1642 J. Taylor Whole Life Henry Walker sig. A2^v In which businesse there was used such vigilant care, that they were both taken that very day. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 12. ⁋2 A long week, I lived with my cousin, before the most vigilant inquiry could procure us the least hopes of a place. 1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 340 She has lost Much of her vigilant instinctive dread, Not needful here. 1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 64 They kept a vigilant eye..upon every height where a scout might be posted. 1845 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 I. vii. 400 It was impossible for him to exercise a vigilant personal supervision over the officers of the police. †3. Wakeful; sleepless. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > state of being awake > [adjective] > wakeful or sleepless wakrong1340 wakya1542 watchful1548 wakeful1549 vigilant1620 sleepless1633 waking1690 unslumbering1718 unslumbrous1818 slumberless1820 1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 131 It is a drinke very profitable..for students, for them that are too vigilant. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 439 Least the vehemency of chirking frogs vexe the wish'd-for Repose,..and cast him in a vigilant perplexity. B. n. 1. A guardian or keeper. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [noun] > one who is vigilant watch-woman1638 vigilant1822 minuteman1961 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun] > one who looks after > guardian or custodian herd971 wardena1290 keepera1300 yemerc1330 looker1340 tutor1377 actorc1384 conservator1447 custosc1450 guardian1477 custodier?c1500 custode1543 guardant1592 custodian1602 supervisor1691 vigilant1822 1822 Repository No. 80. 110 Persian women of rank..hardly move but on horseback, and escorted always by trains of eunuchs and other trusty vigilants. 2. One who is wakeful or watchful. ΚΠ 1822 T. G. Wainewright Ess. & Crit. (1880) 267 Nina no doubt shrank within her shadowy bower..from the hazy vision of these vigilants. Derivatives † ˈvigilantness n. Obsolete rare vigilance. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [noun] wareness971 i-warnessa1250 awaitc1374 watch14.. circumspecta1513 vigilancy1537 vigilance1570 advigilancy1577 wait?1578 vigilantnessa1599 lookout1599 watchfulness1611 alert1801 wakefulness1830 outlook1879 monitoring1924 a1599 R. Rollock Lect. Hist. Passion (1616) xi. 97 Pilate had a great vigilantnesse in his conscience. 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Vigilantness, Watchfulness. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.?a1500
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