verticallyadv.
/ˈvəːtᵻkli/, /ˈvəːtᵻkl̩i/, U.S. /ˈvərdək(ə)li/ 1. in combination.1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. X3v A vertically ovate leaf is the same with an obversely-ovate or obovate leaf; and a vertically cordate leaf is the same with an obversely cordate or obcordate leaf.1878 W. de W. Abney Treat. Photogr. xxxiii. 268 A fair general focus can..be obtained by using with the camera a vertically-pivoted swing-back.
a. In a vertical manner, direction, or position; so as to be vertical to the plane of the horizon, the earth's surface, or some other horizontal line or plane; perpendicularly, or approximately so; directly overhead or down below.
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the world > space > relative position > vertical position > [adverb]
downrightsa1170
downrightc1225
adownrightsc1275
righta1325
plumbc1425
perpendiculara1527
perpendicularly1555
endlong1600
plumb-wise1613
vertically1646
up and down1669
plumbly1931
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica vi. x. 326 The Dogstarre,..although it be not verticall unto any part of Asia,..yet is it so unto America, and vertically passeth over the habitations of Peru and Brasilia. View more context for this quotation
1679 J. Moxon Math. made Easie at Vertex A Star is said to be Vertical, that..Vertically hangs over any place.
1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. v. 188 The Seed-Case of Anagallis..opens not by its Meridian or Vertically,..but by its Horizon.
1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. i. 17 If Lightening causes these Circles, it must also be allowed that it descends vertically.
1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. II. xvii. 280 The pupil in animals of the cat kind..is oblong vertically.
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 763 Capsules opening vertically.
1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. II. 221 Some [insects], as the butterflies, raise their wings vertically in repose.
1842 J. C. Loudon Suburban Horticulturist 615 Some modification of lateral training will, in almost every case, be found preferable to training vertically.
1880 S. Haughton Six Lect. Physical Geogr. ii. 21 An earthquake occurred, vertically under the town of Arica.
b. Mathematics. (Cf. vertical adj. 2).
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1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements i. 17 If four right lines.., proceeding from one point.., make the angles vertically opposite equall.
1840 D. Lardner Treat. Geom. 24 When two straight lines cross each other,..the angle BAD is said to be vertically opposite to the angle EAC.
c. Music. Harmonically rather than melodically. (Cf. vertical adj. 3e.)
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society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [adverb]
harmonically1775
vertically1934
1934 Hound & Horn July–Sept. 596 He..feels that he is tired of exploiting the folk tune, horizontally, vertically, atonally, seriously, or comically.
1954 Grove's Dict. Music (ed. 5) VIII. 126/2 Pre-war controversy as to the justification of programme music and ‘hearing vertically’ began to have no more than antiquarian interest.
1969 Listener 26 June 905/1 Strauss's counterpoint tends to be the result of thinking ‘vertically’, against strongly defined chord-progressions.
2. Throughout the different levels of a hierarchical system.
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1933 Sun (Baltimore) 2 Sept. 2/1 With an industry organized vertically, the logical labor organization is vertical.
1958 Listener 9 Oct. 547/2 Differences throughout the Arab sectors run both vertically and horizontally: between religious sects, social strata, settlers and nomads.
1962 Economist 27 Oct. 393/1 The industry should..be concentrated into fewer, vertically-integrated firms.
1974 J. White tr. N. Poulantzas Fascism & Dictatorship iii. ii. 95 The big stores competed for growth as they were vertically integrated into the industrial trusts.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adv.1646