virginaln.

Brit.

/ˈvəːdʒᵻnl/, U.S.

/ˈvərdʒən(ə)l/

Forms: 1500s virginalles, virgynal(le)s, 1500s–1600s virginall(s, 1500s– virginal(s, 1600s–1700s virginelles.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: virginal adj.

Etymology: Apparently of the same formation as virginal adj., but the reason for the name is obscure.

A keyed musical instrument (common in England in the 16th and 17th centuries), resembling a spinet, but set in a box or case without legs.

a. In plural form, applied to a single instrument.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals

virginal1530

a pair of virginals1542

virginal1566

triangle1663

virginet?c1680

muselar1965

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/1 Set my virgynalles, entonnez mes espinettes.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. viij Exercisyng hym self dayly in..plaiyng at the recorders, flute, virginals, and in setting of songes.

1591 J. Florio Second Frutes 129 He plaies also upon the cittarn, virginals, violine and flute.

1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor ii. iii. sig. F I can compare him to nothing more happely, then a Barbers virginals; for euery one may play vpon him.

1654 J. Playford Breefe Introd. Skill Musick i. 3 But Lessons for the Organ, Virginalls, or Harp two staves of six lines together are required.

1660 S. Pepys Diary 8 Dec. (1970) I. 313 Her daughter played after dinner upon the virginalls.

1710 J. Chein in E. Dunbar Soc. Life (1865) 15 I can..play on the Treble and Gambo, Viol, Virginelles and Manicords.

1786 Lounger (1787) II. 192 I could play pretty well on the Virginals at home.

1823 T. Roscoe tr. J. C. L. de Sismondi Hist. Lit. Europe I. v. 170 The manicord, or claricorde was a sort of spinet resembling the virginals.

1842 R. H. Barham Nell Cook!! in Ingoldsby Legends 2nd Ser. 125 And fine upon the Virginals is that gay Lady's touch.

1873 W. H. Dixon Hist. Two Queens II. xii. iii. 298 Himself a player on the virginals and organ.

b. a pair of virginals, in the same sense. (Cf. pair n.¹ 6.)

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals

virginal1530

a pair of virginals1542

virginal1566

triangle1663

virginet?c1680

muselar1965

1542 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 159 A paire of virginals.

1545 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 67 My best paire of virginalls.

1630 T. Dekker Second Pt. Honest Whore iv. iii. 10 No, for she's like a paire of Virginals, Alwaies with Iackes at her taile.

1666 S. Pepys Diary 2 Sept. (1972) VII. 271 Hardly one lighter or boat in three that had the goods of a house in, but there was a pair of virginalls in it.

1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 93 The Dining-Room, where stood a pair of excellent Virginals .

1755 ‘T. Bobbin’ Let. in Toy-shop (1763) 152 You know I have a pair of rusty old Virginals in a Corner of the School, which have about eight Strings left out of forty five.

c. As a singular, with plural denoting more than one instrument.The plural use (a) probably preceded the singular.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals

virginal1530

a pair of virginals1542

virginal1566

triangle1663

virginet?c1680

muselar1965

(a)

1566 T. Sternhold & J. Hopkins Whole Bk. Psalms cl. 14 Praise him with Tymbrell and with flute, orgaines and virginals.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 376 Wyerie Cymbals, Rebecks sinewes twind, Sweet Virginals, and Cornets curled wind.

1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 187 Those [teeth] that are left, leaping in their heads, like Iacks in Virginals.

1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. vii. 46 Artificiall musicall instruments (as organs and virginals that played by themselues).

1694 Brit. Patent 337 (1856) 1 Harpsichords, virginalls or the like.

1833 H. Martineau Three Ages i. 7 Large and airy study..ornamented with books, manuscripts, maps, viols, virginals, and other musical instruments.

(b)1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Bi^v/1 Virginall, cymbala.1597 N. Breton Wit's Trenchmour in Wks. (1879) II. 14/1 Let me euer loue musicke, though I cannot tune a virginall.1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. ii. xxiv. 188 In an Organ or Virginall, all manner of tunes, all concords, and discords are, which are possible to bee made or conceived by any Musician.1667 S. Pepys Diary 23 Jan. (1974) VIII. 25 He and I..did see the Organ; but I do not like it, it being but a bawble, with a virginall joining to it.1694 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 73 He shews the best way how to have an Organ or Virginal tuned.1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 157. ⁋8 That ancient serious Matron-like Instrument the Virginal.1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music III. 5 (note) The Virginal is a keyed instrument of one string, jack, and quill, to each note, like a spinet.1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 360/2 The compass of the virginal was from the second added line below the base to the second added line above the treble—or four octaves.1889 E. Brinsmead Hist. Pianoforte 91 The instrument which gradually superseded the clavichord in England was the virginal.in extended use.1593 G. Harvey New Let. in Wks. (1884) I. 266 Is not the Verse of M. Spencer in his braue Faery Queene, the Virginall of the diuinest Muses, and gentlest Graces?

Compounds

General attributive.

virginal book n.

ΚΠ

1663 S. Pepys Diary 16 Mar. (1971) IV. 76 Thence home by coach, buying at the Temple the printed virginall-book for her.

virginal jack n. see Jack n.² 8.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > parts of plucked instruments

quill1552

Jack1577

saltarello1598

virginal jack1604

mute1783

1604 T. Middleton Ant & Nightingale sig. F3 Her teeth chatterd in her head, and leapt vp and down like Virginal-Iacks.

1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iv. vii. 146 Men should not like virginall Iacks be skipping up here and there, and in every corner.

c1638 G. Plattes in J. Worlidge Systema Agric. (1669) iv. §6. 44 These may be made to play up and down like Virginal Jacks.

virginal-maker n.

ΚΠ

1551 in Acts Privy Council (1891) III. 306 Robert Gundet of Westminster, virginall maker.

1580 A. Munday View Sundry Examples sig. Di^v A Virginal maker that came to look Ravens quils found the man slain.

virginal master n.

ΚΠ

1640 in Sir C. Sharp Chron. Mirab. (1841) 44 Thomas Forcer, Virginall master.

virginal music n.

ΚΠ

1874 F. A. G. Ouseley Musical Form 48 It was very commonly employed three hundred years ago for virginal music.

virginal music-book n.

ΚΠ

1889 E. Brinsmead Hist. Pianoforte 93 Queen Elizabeth must..have performed music that would be considered exceedingly difficult even now, if she really played the pieces that are in her virginal music-book.

virginal string n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals > string

virginal string1626

virginal wire1662

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §13 The sound of a Virginall String, as soone as the Quill of the Jack falleth from it, stoppeth.

1743 W. Emerson Doctr. Fluxions 265 I took a virginal String 29..Inches long.

virginal wire n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [noun] > wire > types of

silver wire14..

white wire1463

virginal wire1662

pin-wire1674

binding wire1767

pinion wire1767

electric wire1819

music wire1823

gutta-percha-wire1876

No. eight1876

picture wire1876

number eight1952

microwire1953

plated wire1960

nanowire1990

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals > string

virginal string1626

virginal wire1662

1662 Ireland, Stat. at Large (1765) II. 418 Virginal and ghittern wire, the pound, 4l.

1698 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 20 433 It was a Piece of small Virginal Wire.

1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs ii. 232 63 lb. Brass Virginal Wire.

Derivatives

† ˈvirginal v. Obsolete (intransitive) to tap with the fingers as on a virginal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > strike with specific degree of force [verb (intransitive)] > lightly > and repeatedly

tamper1606

virginala1616

tap-tap1922

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) i. ii. 127 To be padling Palmes, and pinching Fingers,..Still Virginalling Vpon his Palme?

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

virginaladj.

Brit.

/ˈvəːdʒᵻnl/, U.S.

/ˈvərdʒən(ə)l/

Forms: Middle English– virginal (Middle English virginalle, virginel, virginele), 1500s–1600s virginall (1500s virgineall); Middle English virgynal, Middle English–1500s virgynall, 1500s vyrginall; Middle English vyrgynal, Middle English–1500s vyrgynall.

Etymology: < Old French (also modern French) virginal (= Spanish virginal , Portuguese virginal , Italian virginale ), or < Latin virginālis , < virgin- , virgo : see virgin n. and adj. and -al suffix¹.

a. Of or pertaining to a virgin or to virginity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [adjective]

virginalc1450

vestal1594

parthenian1623

parthenic1834

c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine (Arun. 396) (1893) v. l. 1314 (MED) He hath stodied with al herte and meende Thi virgynal body to destroye and shende.

a1500 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Adv.) in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Visions of Tundale (1843) 129 For of hur wombe the cloysture vyrgynall Euer was lyke bothe fyrst and last Closed and schytt as castell principall.

a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxviii. sig. i.viii^v In the vyrgynall wombe, of blessed marye.

1579 W. Fulke Heskins Parl. Repealed in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 170 The Virginall bowels of his vndefiled mother.

1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 78 This honourable Nymph, had her virgineall..body couered with a..stuffe of greene silke.

1612 N. Field Woman a Weather-cocke iii. sig. F2 And thy Bellafront presents her selfe, Lau'd in a Bath of contrite Virginall teares.

1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule & Exercises Holy Living 395 The load was too great, and did sink thy tender and virginal body to the earth.

1721 R. Keith tr. Thomas à Kempis Soliloquy of Soul xxii, in tr. Thomas à Kempis Select Pieces II. 294 Thanks also be to holy Mary thy Mother, from whose virginal Flesh thou didst take the holy Members of thy Body.

1846 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. 2nd Ser. in Wks. I. 537/1 Can the calmest face,..or can the most virginal apron, do away with or cover this?

1854 N. Wiseman Fabiola 201 One..whose brides never put off their virginal wreaths.

1878 H. M. Stanley Through Dark Continent I. xv. 400 They are all comely and brown, with fine virginal bosoms.

b. virginal generation n. parthenogenesis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > types of reproduction > [noun] > others

adosculation1682

autogeny?1818

gemmation1836

parthenogenesis1849

virgin production1849

rejuvenescence1853

agamogenesis1857

monogeny1857

autogenesis1858

homogenesis1858

proliferation1864

monogenesis1866

swarming1867

paedogenesis1870

monogony1873

virginal generation1879

division1880

monogenesy1890

parthenogeny1890

anisogamy1891

isogamy1891

paragamy1891

separation1891

paedogenesis1892

parthenism1892

heterogamy1894

thelytoky1895

flagellation1898

cytogamy1899

pseudogamy1900

tychoparthenogenesis1900

syngamy1904

pseudogamy1907

ectogenesis1909

paedogamy1910

apomixis1913

progenesis1934

agamospermy1939

mixis1944

somatogamy1949

decapitation-

1879 tr. E. Haeckel Evol. Man I. ii. 28 The so-called parthenogenesis, or virginal generation, of Bees.

2. Of qualities, actions, etc.: Proper to, characteristic of, a virgin.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [adjective] > characteristic of virgins

virginal?c1425

virgin1598

?c1425 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Royal 17 D.vi) (1860) 129 O humble maide, who is it that kan The debonaire humblesse tellen alle, Restyng in thy clennesse virginalle [a1450 Harl. 4866 virginal].

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. clxxxxv^v/1 There ben twelue vertues vyrgynal..wyth out whiche no vyrgyne may be agreable to god.

?1495 J. Lydgate St. Petronilla (Pynson) l. 58 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 156 She fulfylled his byddynge, in certeyn, Withoute grutchinge, of virgynall mekenesse.

1528 J. Skelton Honorificatissimo: Replycacion agaynst Yong Scolers sig. Aiii Whiche is the most clere Christall Of all pure clennesse virgynall.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ix. sig. V5^v Gentle court and gracious delight Shee to them made, with mildnesse virginall.

1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles xix. 62 Without anie more virginall fencing, will you vse him kindly?

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1956) VIII. 182 Where is that Soul?.. Is it come back in that Virginal integrity in which I made it?

1640 Bp. J. Hall Christian Moderation i. 76 Virginall chastity is a grace worthy of our fervent prayers, worthy of our best indeavors.

1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke I. i. 7 No foundlings educated in a nunnery ever grew up in more virginal and spotless innocence.

1873 J. Doran Lady of Last Cent. iii. 73 The..affected virginal coyness with which [she]..received..their rather audacious gallantry.

1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn I. xxx. 293 That beautiful mixture of manly courage and virginal modesty.

in extended use.1862 S. Lucas Secularia 133 Many..were privileged to behold the West in all its virginal freshness and splendour.1868 J. H. Newman Verses Var. Occasions 271 He lifts his hands, there issues forth A fragrance virginal and rare.

3. Of persons: Continuing in a state of virginity; having the chastity or purity of a virgin.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [adjective] > virginal

unknowna1382

maidena1400

untouchedc1400

undefiledc1450

virginal1483

indeflore?a1513

maidenly1530

undeflowereda1533

virginly1548

untwight1558

virgin1560

unravished1563

undeflore1568

unexperta1586

virgin-like1586

vestal1595

virgineous1607

virginian1613

unseduceda1616

indevirginate?1624

zoned1726

virgie1930

unlaid1962

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. lxxxxix^v/2 The vyrgynal companye of thynnocentes.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 85 Bricht ball cristall, ros virginall..Aue, Maria.

1533 Fabyans Cronycle (new ed.) I. xxvii. f. x^v Moste virgynall [1516 mergynall] floure of all moste excellent.

1546 J. Bale Actes Eng. Votaryes: 1st Pt. f. 5 Ye shall easelye perceyue by their actes, that these vyrgynall votaryes hath bene the verye Angels of darkenesse.

1567 Abp. M. Parker Let. 12 Aug. in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 304 I would it were indifferently credited to understand, whether the married sort or the virginal pastors had done most spoil in the church.

1867 E. F. Bowden tr. Countess Hahn-Hahn Lives Fathers of Desert 267 O Virginal Mother, arouse my soul to penance and guide me to the way of salvation.

1886 W. Alexander St. Augustine's Holiday 14 Such virgin gifts for spirits virginal.

1905 ‘G. Thorne’ Lost Cause xii She was pure but not virginal in temperament.

4. transferred. Fresh, pure, unsullied, untouched.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > perfection > [adjective] > pure or flawless

lutter971

unwemmedc1000

fair?c1225

upright?c1225

purec1300

without lackc1300

completec1380

defaultlessa1425

flush?1550

undefective1599

impeccable1620

indefectivea1641

defectless1651

virginala1659

flawless1659

unflawed1665

indefectuous1685

unblighted1785

immaculate1791

indefectible1833

shadeless1894

flukeless1895

intacta1941

pedicured1988

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > [adjective] > fresh or new

newa1300

moistc1390

undiffadedc1430

green1585

youthful1594

virent1595

virgin1600

unhandleda1657

virginala1659

original1756

untrite1781

unclichéd1946

a1659 F. Osborne Observ. Turks in Wks. (1673) 344 Learning..resembling dead Honey, which is stale, coorse, and less useful, none being pure and Virginal, but what is sucked from every Flower that may be found in the wild Field of a general Commerce.

1767 A. Campbell Lexiphanes 1 A novel exhibition which is purely virginal.]

1811 W. R. Spencer Poems 152 Shall the earth, 'mid the roses of June, May's virginal violets scorn?

1866 M. Arnold Empedocles on Etna i. ii The grass is cool, the seaside air Buoyant and fresh, the mountain flowers More virginal and sweet than ours.

1889 J. Thomson Trav. Morocco 24 From no point of view..does Tangier look so beautiful and virginal..as from this particular gateway.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	virginal
释义	virginaln. Brit. /ˈvəːdʒᵻnl/, U.S. /ˈvərdʒən(ə)l/ Forms: 1500s virginalles, virgynal(le)s, 1500s–1600s virginall(s, 1500s– virginal(s, 1600s–1700s virginelles. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: virginal adj. Etymology: Apparently of the same formation as virginal adj., but the reason for the name is obscure. A keyed musical instrument (common in England in the 16th and 17th centuries), resembling a spinet, but set in a box or case without legs. a. In plural form, applied to a single instrument. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals virginal1530 a pair of virginals1542 virginal1566 triangle1663 virginet?c1680 muselar1965 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/1 Set my virgynalles, entonnez mes espinettes. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. viij Exercisyng hym self dayly in..plaiyng at the recorders, flute, virginals, and in setting of songes. 1591 J. Florio Second Frutes 129 He plaies also upon the cittarn, virginals, violine and flute. 1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor ii. iii. sig. F I can compare him to nothing more happely, then a Barbers virginals; for euery one may play vpon him. View more context for this quotation 1654 J. Playford Breefe Introd. Skill Musick i. 3 But Lessons for the Organ, Virginalls, or Harp two staves of six lines together are required. 1660 S. Pepys Diary 8 Dec. (1970) I. 313 Her daughter played after dinner upon the virginalls. 1710 J. Chein in E. Dunbar Soc. Life (1865) 15 I can..play on the Treble and Gambo, Viol, Virginelles and Manicords. 1786 Lounger (1787) II. 192 I could play pretty well on the Virginals at home. 1823 T. Roscoe tr. J. C. L. de Sismondi Hist. Lit. Europe I. v. 170 The manicord, or claricorde was a sort of spinet resembling the virginals. 1842 R. H. Barham Nell Cook!! in Ingoldsby Legends 2nd Ser. 125 And fine upon the Virginals is that gay Lady's touch. 1873 W. H. Dixon Hist. Two Queens II. xii. iii. 298 Himself a player on the virginals and organ. b. a pair of virginals, in the same sense. (Cf. pair n.¹ 6.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals virginal1530 a pair of virginals1542 virginal1566 triangle1663 virginet?c1680 muselar1965 1542 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 159 A paire of virginals. 1545 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 67 My best paire of virginalls. 1630 T. Dekker Second Pt. Honest Whore iv. iii. 10 No, for she's like a paire of Virginals, Alwaies with Iackes at her taile. 1666 S. Pepys Diary 2 Sept. (1972) VII. 271 Hardly one lighter or boat in three that had the goods of a house in, but there was a pair of virginalls in it. 1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 93 The Dining-Room, where stood a pair of excellent Virginals . View more context for this quotation 1755 ‘T. Bobbin’ Let. in Toy-shop (1763) 152 You know I have a pair of rusty old Virginals in a Corner of the School, which have about eight Strings left out of forty five. c. As a singular, with plural denoting more than one instrument.The plural use (a) probably preceded the singular. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals virginal1530 a pair of virginals1542 virginal1566 triangle1663 virginet?c1680 muselar1965 (a) 1566 T. Sternhold & J. Hopkins Whole Bk. Psalms cl. 14 Praise him with Tymbrell and with flute, orgaines and virginals. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 376 Wyerie Cymbals, Rebecks sinewes twind, Sweet Virginals, and Cornets curled wind. 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 187 Those [teeth] that are left, leaping in their heads, like Iacks in Virginals. 1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. vii. 46 Artificiall musicall instruments (as organs and virginals that played by themselues). 1694 Brit. Patent 337 (1856) 1 Harpsichords, virginalls or the like. 1833 H. Martineau Three Ages i. 7 Large and airy study..ornamented with books, manuscripts, maps, viols, virginals, and other musical instruments. (b)1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Bi^v/1 Virginall, cymbala.1597 N. Breton Wit's Trenchmour in Wks. (1879) II. 14/1 Let me euer loue musicke, though I cannot tune a virginall.1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. ii. xxiv. 188 In an Organ or Virginall, all manner of tunes, all concords, and discords are, which are possible to bee made or conceived by any Musician.1667 S. Pepys Diary 23 Jan. (1974) VIII. 25 He and I..did see the Organ; but I do not like it, it being but a bawble, with a virginall joining to it.1694 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 73 He shews the best way how to have an Organ or Virginal tuned.1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 157. ⁋8 That ancient serious Matron-like Instrument the Virginal.1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music III. 5 (note) The Virginal is a keyed instrument of one string, jack, and quill, to each note, like a spinet.1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 360/2 The compass of the virginal was from the second added line below the base to the second added line above the treble—or four octaves.1889 E. Brinsmead Hist. Pianoforte 91 The instrument which gradually superseded the clavichord in England was the virginal.in extended use.1593 G. Harvey New Let. in Wks. (1884) I. 266 Is not the Verse of M. Spencer in his braue Faery Queene, the Virginall of the diuinest Muses, and gentlest Graces? Compounds General attributive. virginal book n. ΚΠ 1663 S. Pepys Diary 16 Mar. (1971) IV. 76 Thence home by coach, buying at the Temple the printed virginall-book for her. virginal jack n. see Jack n.² 8. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > parts of plucked instruments quill1552 Jack1577 saltarello1598 virginal jack1604 mute1783 1604 T. Middleton Ant & Nightingale sig. F3 Her teeth chatterd in her head, and leapt vp and down like Virginal-Iacks. 1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iv. vii. 146 Men should not like virginall Iacks be skipping up here and there, and in every corner. c1638 G. Plattes in J. Worlidge Systema Agric. (1669) iv. §6. 44 These may be made to play up and down like Virginal Jacks. virginal-maker n. ΚΠ 1551 in Acts Privy Council (1891) III. 306 Robert Gundet of Westminster, virginall maker. 1580 A. Munday View Sundry Examples sig. Di^v A Virginal maker that came to look Ravens quils found the man slain. virginal master n. ΚΠ 1640 in Sir C. Sharp Chron. Mirab. (1841) 44 Thomas Forcer, Virginall master. virginal music n. ΚΠ 1874 F. A. G. Ouseley Musical Form 48 It was very commonly employed three hundred years ago for virginal music. virginal music-book n. ΚΠ 1889 E. Brinsmead Hist. Pianoforte 93 Queen Elizabeth must..have performed music that would be considered exceedingly difficult even now, if she really played the pieces that are in her virginal music-book. virginal string n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals > string virginal string1626 virginal wire1662 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §13 The sound of a Virginall String, as soone as the Quill of the Jack falleth from it, stoppeth. 1743 W. Emerson Doctr. Fluxions 265 I took a virginal String 29..Inches long. virginal wire n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [noun] > wire > types of silver wire14.. white wire1463 virginal wire1662 pin-wire1674 binding wire1767 pinion wire1767 electric wire1819 music wire1823 gutta-percha-wire1876 No. eight1876 picture wire1876 number eight1952 microwire1953 plated wire1960 nanowire1990 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [noun] > virginals > string virginal string1626 virginal wire1662 1662 Ireland, Stat. at Large (1765) II. 418 Virginal and ghittern wire, the pound, 4l. 1698 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 20 433 It was a Piece of small Virginal Wire. 1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs ii. 232 63 lb. Brass Virginal Wire. Derivatives † ˈvirginal v. Obsolete (intransitive) to tap with the fingers as on a virginal. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > strike with specific degree of force [verb (intransitive)] > lightly > and repeatedly tamper1606 virginala1616 tap-tap1922 a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) i. ii. 127 To be padling Palmes, and pinching Fingers,..Still Virginalling Vpon his Palme? This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021). virginaladj. Brit. /ˈvəːdʒᵻnl/, U.S. /ˈvərdʒən(ə)l/ Forms: Middle English– virginal (Middle English virginalle, virginel, virginele), 1500s–1600s virginall (1500s virgineall); Middle English virgynal, Middle English–1500s virgynall, 1500s vyrginall; Middle English vyrgynal, Middle English–1500s vyrgynall. Etymology: < Old French (also modern French) virginal (= Spanish virginal , Portuguese virginal , Italian virginale ), or < Latin virginālis , < virgin- , virgo : see virgin n. and adj. and -al suffix¹. 1. a. Of or pertaining to a virgin or to virginity. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [adjective] virginalc1450 vestal1594 parthenian1623 parthenic1834 c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine (Arun. 396) (1893) v. l. 1314 (MED) He hath stodied with al herte and meende Thi virgynal body to destroye and shende. a1500 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Adv.) in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Visions of Tundale (1843) 129 For of hur wombe the cloysture vyrgynall Euer was lyke bothe fyrst and last Closed and schytt as castell principall. a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxviii. sig. i.viii^v In the vyrgynall wombe, of blessed marye. 1579 W. Fulke Heskins Parl. Repealed in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 170 The Virginall bowels of his vndefiled mother. 1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 78 This honourable Nymph, had her virgineall..body couered with a..stuffe of greene silke. 1612 N. Field Woman a Weather-cocke iii. sig. F2 And thy Bellafront presents her selfe, Lau'd in a Bath of contrite Virginall teares. 1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule & Exercises Holy Living 395 The load was too great, and did sink thy tender and virginal body to the earth. 1721 R. Keith tr. Thomas à Kempis Soliloquy of Soul xxii, in tr. Thomas à Kempis Select Pieces II. 294 Thanks also be to holy Mary thy Mother, from whose virginal Flesh thou didst take the holy Members of thy Body. 1846 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. 2nd Ser. in Wks. I. 537/1 Can the calmest face,..or can the most virginal apron, do away with or cover this? 1854 N. Wiseman Fabiola 201 One..whose brides never put off their virginal wreaths. 1878 H. M. Stanley Through Dark Continent I. xv. 400 They are all comely and brown, with fine virginal bosoms. b. virginal generation n. parthenogenesis. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > types of reproduction > [noun] > others adosculation1682 autogeny?1818 gemmation1836 parthenogenesis1849 virgin production1849 rejuvenescence1853 agamogenesis1857 monogeny1857 autogenesis1858 homogenesis1858 proliferation1864 monogenesis1866 swarming1867 paedogenesis1870 monogony1873 virginal generation1879 division1880 monogenesy1890 parthenogeny1890 anisogamy1891 isogamy1891 paragamy1891 separation1891 paedogenesis1892 parthenism1892 heterogamy1894 thelytoky1895 flagellation1898 cytogamy1899 pseudogamy1900 tychoparthenogenesis1900 syngamy1904 pseudogamy1907 ectogenesis1909 paedogamy1910 apomixis1913 progenesis1934 agamospermy1939 mixis1944 somatogamy1949 decapitation- 1879 tr. E. Haeckel Evol. Man I. ii. 28 The so-called parthenogenesis, or virginal generation, of Bees. 2. Of qualities, actions, etc.: Proper to, characteristic of, a virgin. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [adjective] > characteristic of virgins virginal?c1425 virgin1598 ?c1425 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Royal 17 D.vi) (1860) 129 O humble maide, who is it that kan The debonaire humblesse tellen alle, Restyng in thy clennesse virginalle [a1450 Harl. 4866 virginal]. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. clxxxxv^v/1 There ben twelue vertues vyrgynal..wyth out whiche no vyrgyne may be agreable to god. ?1495 J. Lydgate St. Petronilla (Pynson) l. 58 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 156 She fulfylled his byddynge, in certeyn, Withoute grutchinge, of virgynall mekenesse. 1528 J. Skelton Honorificatissimo: Replycacion agaynst Yong Scolers sig. Aiii Whiche is the most clere Christall Of all pure clennesse virgynall. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ix. sig. V5^v Gentle court and gracious delight Shee to them made, with mildnesse virginall. 1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles xix. 62 Without anie more virginall fencing, will you vse him kindly? View more context for this quotation a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1956) VIII. 182 Where is that Soul?.. Is it come back in that Virginal integrity in which I made it? 1640 Bp. J. Hall Christian Moderation i. 76 Virginall chastity is a grace worthy of our fervent prayers, worthy of our best indeavors. 1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke I. i. 7 No foundlings educated in a nunnery ever grew up in more virginal and spotless innocence. 1873 J. Doran Lady of Last Cent. iii. 73 The..affected virginal coyness with which [she]..received..their rather audacious gallantry. 1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn I. xxx. 293 That beautiful mixture of manly courage and virginal modesty. in extended use.1862 S. Lucas Secularia 133 Many..were privileged to behold the West in all its virginal freshness and splendour.1868 J. H. Newman Verses Var. Occasions 271 He lifts his hands, there issues forth A fragrance virginal and rare. 3. Of persons: Continuing in a state of virginity; having the chastity or purity of a virgin. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [adjective] > virginal unknowna1382 maidena1400 untouchedc1400 undefiledc1450 virginal1483 indeflore?a1513 maidenly1530 undeflowereda1533 virginly1548 untwight1558 virgin1560 unravished1563 undeflore1568 unexperta1586 virgin-like1586 vestal1595 virgineous1607 virginian1613 unseduceda1616 indevirginate?1624 zoned1726 virgie1930 unlaid1962 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. lxxxxix^v/2 The vyrgynal companye of thynnocentes. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 85 Bricht ball cristall, ros virginall..Aue, Maria. 1533 Fabyans Cronycle (new ed.) I. xxvii. f. x^v Moste virgynall [1516 mergynall] floure of all moste excellent. 1546 J. Bale Actes Eng. Votaryes: 1st Pt. f. 5 Ye shall easelye perceyue by their actes, that these vyrgynall votaryes hath bene the verye Angels of darkenesse. 1567 Abp. M. Parker Let. 12 Aug. in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 304 I would it were indifferently credited to understand, whether the married sort or the virginal pastors had done most spoil in the church. 1867 E. F. Bowden tr. Countess Hahn-Hahn Lives Fathers of Desert 267 O Virginal Mother, arouse my soul to penance and guide me to the way of salvation. 1886 W. Alexander St. Augustine's Holiday 14 Such virgin gifts for spirits virginal. 1905 ‘G. Thorne’ Lost Cause xii She was pure but not virginal in temperament. 4. transferred. Fresh, pure, unsullied, untouched. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > perfection > [adjective] > pure or flawless lutter971 unwemmedc1000 fair?c1225 upright?c1225 purec1300 without lackc1300 completec1380 defaultlessa1425 flush?1550 undefective1599 impeccable1620 indefectivea1641 defectless1651 virginala1659 flawless1659 unflawed1665 indefectuous1685 unblighted1785 immaculate1791 indefectible1833 shadeless1894 flukeless1895 intacta1941 pedicured1988 the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > [adjective] > fresh or new newa1300 moistc1390 undiffadedc1430 green1585 youthful1594 virent1595 virgin1600 unhandleda1657 virginala1659 original1756 untrite1781 unclichéd1946 a1659 F. Osborne Observ. Turks in Wks. (1673) 344 Learning..resembling dead Honey, which is stale, coorse, and less useful, none being pure and Virginal, but what is sucked from every Flower that may be found in the wild Field of a general Commerce. 1767 A. Campbell Lexiphanes 1 A novel exhibition which is purely virginal.] 1811 W. R. Spencer Poems 152 Shall the earth, 'mid the roses of June, May's virginal violets scorn? 1866 M. Arnold Empedocles on Etna i. ii The grass is cool, the seaside air Buoyant and fresh, the mountain flowers More virginal and sweet than ours. 1889 J. Thomson Trav. Morocco 24 From no point of view..does Tangier look so beautiful and virginal..as from this particular gateway. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1530adj.?c1425
随便看	oxa oxa- oxacillin oxacillin sodium oxacillins oxalacetate oxalacetates oxalacetic acid oxalaemia oxalaldehyde oxalamide oxalan oxalate oxalated oxalates oxalatic oxalating oxaldehyde oxalhydrate oxalhydric oxalhydric acid oxalic oxalic acid oxalic ether oxalidaceous