单词 | virginian |
释义 | Virginiann.adj.1 A. n. 1. A member of a North American Indian people of Virginia. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of North America > native or inhabitant of U.S.A. > [noun] > specific state > states > indigenous Virginian1588 1588 T. Hariot Briefe Rep. Virginia sig. B 1 b [If mulberry trees are planted] there will rise as greate profite in time to the Virginians, as..doth now to the Persians. 1612 J. Smith Map of Virginia 34 (heading) Of the manner of the Virginians governement. 1619 T. Middleton Triumphs Loue & Antiq. sig. B3v The ciuilly instructed Irishman, and that kind Sauage, the Virginian. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 243 The Brasilians, and Virginians, and other Natives of America. 1859 W. M. Thackeray Virginians xl A young savage Iroquois, Choctaw, or Virginian, who has lately been making a little noise in our quarter of the globe. 2. A white settler in Virginia; a native or inhabitant of the modern State of Virginia. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of North America > native or inhabitant of U.S.A. > [noun] > specific state > states > settler Virginian1654 the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of North America > native or inhabitant of U.S.A. > [noun] > specific state > states Marylander1640 Rhode Islander1665 Jerseyman1679 Pennsylvanian1685 Carolinian1705 Georgian1732 Marylandian1750 Jersey blue1758 Californian1762 Louisianian1775 Mississippian1775 Acadian1776 Vermonteer1778 Kentuckian1779 Vermontese1783 Indianian1784 Cohee1786 Kentuck1789 Virginian1797 Michiganian1813 Michigan1814 Tennessean1815 Ohioan1818 Illinoian1819 Ohian1819 Missourian1820 buckeye1823 Vermonter1825 Hoosier1826 red horse1833 sucker1833 wolverine1833 puke1834 corn-cracker1835 Texian1835 Alaskan1836 Texan1837 Michigander1838 Oregonian1838 Rackensack1839 Arkansian1844 badger1844 Bay Stater1845 Lone Star Stater1845 Oregonese1845 tar-boiler1845 weasel1845 web foot1845 Alabaman1846 Iowanc1848 Arkansan1851 Minnesotian1851 Washingtonian1852 Minnesotan1854 Nebraskan1854 Kansian1855 Utahan1855 Floridan1856 fly-up-the-creek1857 Dakotian1861 Coloradan1862 Coloradian1862 Texican1863 Coloradoan1864 tarheel1864 Cajun1868 Kansan1868 Montanian1869 Floridian1870 mudcat1872 New Jerseyan1872 Arkansawyer1874 longhorn1876 Mainer1879 New Jerseyite1885 prune picker1892 Hawaiian1893 Oklahoman1894 Tex1909 blue hen's chicken1921 Tejano1925 Geechee1926 Arkie1927 sooner1930 wyomingite1930 New Mexican1940 Okie1948 1654 in Colonial Rec. N. Carolina (1886) I. 18 Sir, if you think good to acquaint the States with what is done by two Virginians born, you will honor our country. 1755 W. Smith Brief State Province of Pennsylvania 15 'Tis true our Neighbours, the Virginians, have taken the Alarm, and called on our Assistance. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 659/1 The Virginians who are rich, are in general sensible, polite, and hospitable and of an independent spirit. 1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 372/2 Parts of the Navigation Laws were deemed highly injurious to the interests of the Virginians. 1852 G. Bancroft Hist. Amer. Revol. I. xiii. 358 Two regiments of Virginians remained as a garrison. B. adj.1 Of, or relating or belonging to, the State of Virginia; connected with or interested in Virginia.With the various applications of the adjective, cf. the attributive uses of Virginia n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [adjective] > U.S.A. > specific states or regions > Virginia Virginia1609 Virginian1612 1612 W. Symonds Proc. Eng. Colonie Virginia in J. Smith Map of Virginia For the honorable and better sort of our Virginian adventurers, I think they vnderstand it as I haue writ it. 1613 G. Chapman Memorable Maske Inns of Court sig. A2 On their heads high sprig'd-feathers, compast in Coronets, like the Virginian Princes they presented. 1782 New Ann. Reg. 1781 Brit. & Foreign Hist. 46/2 The second line [was composed] of Virginian militia. a1797 H. Walpole Mem. George II (1822) I. 346 An Indian half king,..who in the Virginian accounts is called a very considerable monarch. 1839 W. M. Thackeray Virginians vi The scanty pay and patronage of the Virginian government. 1876 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. (rev. ed.) I. xx. 545 Virginian and Maryland volunteers joined together, and..besieged the fort. Compounds C1. a. In the names of plants and trees.Also Virginian poke, Virginian snake-root, Virginian spider-wort, Virginian stock, Virginian witch-hazel: see the nouns. Virginian anemone n. ΚΠ 1822 S. Clarke Hortus Anglicus II. 50 Virginian Anemone... Petals green; flower-stalks long; seeds shaggy. Virginian azarole n. ΚΠ 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxi. 296 Virginian Azarole has oval leaves, wedge-shaped at the base, shining and deeply serrate. Virginian bindweed n. ΚΠ 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Smilax Rough Virginian Bindweed, with a smooth Ivy Leaf, commonly call'd Zarzaparilla. Virginian cedar n. ΚΠ 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Juniperus Red Virginian Cedar. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Juniperus The White-berry'd Virginian Cedar. 1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. ii. iii. 660 Juniperus virginiana, the Virginian Red Cedar. Virginian cowslip n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Boraginaceae (bugloss and allies) > [noun] ribeOE hound's-tonguec1000 ox-tonguea1325 rotheren tongue?a1350 buglossa1400 dog's tongue?a1425 lungwort1538 anchusa1548 sheep's tongue1552 cowslip of Jerusalem1578 Our Lady's milkwort1578 pulmonaria1578 sage of Jerusalem1578 wild comfrey1578 maiden-lips1589 bugloss cowslip1597 viper's bugloss1597 viper's herb1597 ribbie1607 lithospermon1646 wall bugloss1650 lady's glove1668 Venus's navelwort1678 spotted comfrey1688 cynogloss1705 Jerusalem sage1736 lawn1778 Mertensia1836 stickseed1843 Virginian cowslip1856 bluebell1858 gooseberry fool1858 Jerusalem cowslip1866 borage-wort1882 echium1883 rose noble1886 milksile- 1856 A. Gray Man. Bot. Northern U.S. (1860) 323 Mertensia Virginica, Virginian Cowslip or Lungwort. 1882 Garden 20 May 352/1 The Virginian Cowslip..attains true development in semi-shady spots. Virginian date plum n. ΚΠ 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 411/2 Diospyros virginiana is the Virginian Date Plum or Persimon, a native of the United States. Virginian dogwood n. ΚΠ 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique Virginian-Dogwood, a Tree of the natural growth of Virginia, about the size of the common Cherry-Tree, blossoming early in the Spring. Virginian fir n. ΚΠ 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Abies The Virginian Firr Tree, with small roundish Cones. Virginian flowering maple n. ΚΠ 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Acer The Virginian flowering Maple was rais'd from Seeds which were brought from Virginia. Virginian gelder-rose n. ΚΠ 1829 T. Castle Introd. Systematical & Physiol. Bot. 95 The Virginian gelder-rose, a common garden shrub, affords a very perfect specimen of this kind of inflorescence. Virginian grape n. ΚΠ 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Vitis The wild Virginian Grape. Virginian guelder-rose n. Virginian hemp n. ΚΠ 1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 834 Acnida,..Virginian Hemp. [Cf. hemp n. 5.] Virginian ivy n. ΚΠ 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Hedera Round-leav'd Virginian Ivy. Virginian jasmine n. ΚΠ 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 75 in Sylva Yellow Virginian Jasmine. Virginian lungwort n. ΚΠ 1882 Garden 29 Apr. 297/1 The pure blue of Virginian Lungwort combines happily with alpine Auriculas. Virginian martagon n. ΚΠ 1669 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 3) 90 August..Flowers in Prime..Agnus Castus, the Virginian Martagon. Virginian myrtle n. ΚΠ 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique (at cited word) Virginian-Myrtle, otherwise call'd Candle-Berry-Tree. Virginian poplar n. ΚΠ 1843 Penny Cycl. XXV. 341/2 Tulip-tree, the English name of the Liriodendron tulipifera:..in America, where it is a native, it is also known by the names White wood,..Virginian Poplar, and the Poplar. Virginian rose n. ΚΠ 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Rosa The Wild Virginian Rose. Virginian silk n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental vine > [noun] > other ornamental vines Virginian silk1629 akebia1847 moonflower1859 smilax1870 kudzu1893 1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 444 Virginian Silke. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I Periploca, Virginian Silk... The Flower consists of one Leaf. 1860 Chambers's Encycl. I. 468/1 Asclepias Syriaca, Syrian or Virginian Swallow-wort, sometimes called Virginian Silk, appears to be a native of North America... It is frequently cultivated in flower-gardens. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1219/1 Virginian Silk, Periploca græca. Virginian speedwell n. ΚΠ 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Veronica Tall Virginian Speedwell, with many Spikes and white Flowers. Virginian sumac n. ΚΠ 1829 J. Togno & E. Durand tr. H. Milne-Edwards & P. Vavasseur Man. Materia Medica iv. 100 The Narrow-leaved Sumach, Rhus copallinum, Willd.; the Pennsylvania Sumach, R. glabrum, Willd., and the Virginian Sumach, R. typhinum, Willd., are all native plants of North America. Virginian swallow-wort n. ΚΠ 1829 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants 196 (table) Asclepias R. Br. Swallow-wort... Syriaca W., Virginian. 1860 [see Virginian silk n.]. Virginian tephrosia n. ΚΠ 1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 217/2 T. Virginiana, the Virginian Tephrosia,..is a handsome plant with reddish flowers. Virginian thorn n. ΚΠ 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm I. 393 The cock's-spur~thorn (Cratægus crus galli) and the Virginian thorn (C. Virginiana) have been proposed. Virginian trumpet-flower n. ΚΠ 1736 Compl. Family-piece ii. iii. 313 There are several other Trees and Shrubs which are now in Flower, as..Virginian Trumpet-flower, Olives,..Capers. Virginian vine n. ΚΠ 1640 J. Howell Δενδρολογια 180 In this Virginian Vine, the saying of the wisest of Kings may be verifyed, That a good Wife is a Tree of life. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Vitis The Virginian Vine or Common Creeper. Virginian wild crab tree n. ΚΠ 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique Virginian Wild Crab-tree, a Plant that blossoms somewhat like the Apple, but very pleasant to the Smell. b. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > climbing, trailing, or creeping shrubs > [noun] > passion-flowers maracock1609 passion flower1633 Virginian climber1688 passion-tree1728 love-in-a-mist1731 honeysuckle1756 passiflora1760 passionwort1846 New Zealand passion-flower1853 passion vine1853 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 68/2 The Virginian Climber;..these Flowers are of a whitish colour, thick spotted with a Peach colour. 1704 Dict. Rusticum Virginian Climber, or Maracac, comes out of the Ground in May with long round winding Stalks. Virginian creeper n. = Virginia creeper n. at Virginia n. Compounds 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > North American woodbine1624 Virginia vine1629 staff-tree1633 Virginia creeper?1703 climbing vine1760 mayflower1778 pepper vine1783 arbutus1785 trailing arbutus1785 pipe vine1803 Ampelopsis1805 ground-laurel1814 waxwork1818 ivory plum1828 fever twig1830 yerba buena1847 mountain pink1850 New England mayflower1855 creeping snowberry1856 Virginian creeper1856 May blossom1871 sand verbena1880 staff-vine1884 1856 A. Gray Man. Bot. Northern U.S. (1860) 78 Ampelopsis,..Virginian Creeper. 1871 H. Macmillan True Vine (1872) ii. 41 The Virginian creeper is known to botanists by the generic name of Ampelopsis, derived from its vine-like habit of growth. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > potato plant potato1597 skirret of Peru1597 Irish potato1664 white potato1723 Virginian potato1731 potato plant1744 potato vine1750 lady's finger1827 peach-blow1861 Chilean potato1870 1731 M. Catesby Nat. Hist. Carolina (1754) II. 60 The Virginian Potato. Convolvulus radice tuberosa esculenta. 1737 Dr. Mortimer in Philos. Trans. 1735–6 (Royal Soc.) 39 258 The Virginian Potato. The Roots of these Plants are the principal Subsistance of the greater Part of Africa, and the southern Parts of Asia, as well as most of the People, both black and white, in the Colonies in America. Virginian raspberry n. the American species Rubus odoratus. ΚΠ 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Rubus The Virginian Raspberry-bush with black Fruit. C2. In the names of birds, quadrupeds, etc. Virginian colin n. ΚΠ 1843 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Birds II. 348 Ortyx Virginiana, Virginian Colin. Virginian deer n. ΚΠ 1781 T. Pennant Hist. Quadrupeds I. 104 Virginian Deer with slender horns... A quite distinct species, and peculiar to America. c1880 Cassell's Nat. Hist. III. 68 The Virginian Deer..is the ‘Common’ Deer of North America, and is slightly smaller than the Fallow Deer. Virginian flying squirrel n. ΚΠ 1801 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. II. i. 155 Virginian Flying Squirrel. Sciurus Volucella. Virginian goatsucker n. ΚΠ 1817 J. F. Stephens Shaw's Gen. Zool. X. i. 153 Virginian Goatsucker. Caprimulgus virginianus. Virginian horned owl n. ΚΠ 1809 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. VII. i. 215 Virginian Horned Owl. Strix Virginiana. Virginian nightingale n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > seed eaters > [noun] > family Emberizidae > subfamily Cardinalinae > genus Cardinalis red-bird1649 Virginian nightingale1668 hawfinch1673 nutcracker1688 Virginia nightingale1694 cardinal1702 cardinal grosbeak1783 scarlet grosbeak1837 winter redbird1868 1668 W. Charleton Onomasticon Zoicon 85 Coccothraustes Virginiana,..the Virginian Nightingale. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Nightingale Virginian Nightingale,..the common, but improper, name of a bird of the gross-beaked kind. 1777 R. B. Sheridan Governess ii. ii. 16 Her voice is like a Virginian nightingale. 1896 P. A. Bruce Econ. Hist. Virginia I. 119 The cardinal or red bird, which was always described as the Virginian nightingale, on account of the clearness and strength rather than the variety of its notes. Virginian opossum n. ΚΠ 1800 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. I. ii. 473 Didelphis Virginiana. Virginian Opossum. Virginian owl n. ΚΠ c1880 Cassell's Nat. Hist. III. 301 The Eagle Owl..and its relative, the Virginian Eared Owl of America, are the largest of all the family. Virginian partridge n. ΚΠ 1843 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Birds II. 348 Perdix Virginiana, Virginian Partridge. 1884 St. James's Gaz. 28 Apr. 6/2 The so-called Virginian partridge..has unaccountably failed to adapt himself to the English climate. Virginian quail n. ΚΠ 1867 Chambers's Encycl. IX. 809 Virginian Quail, or Colin (Ortyx), a genus of birds of the family Tetraonidæ, closely allied to quails and partridges. c1880 Cassell's Nat. Hist. IV. 144 Some of the American Partridges are familiar to us in this country, such as the Virginian Quail (Ortyx virginianus). Virginian rail n. ΚΠ 1785 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds III. i. 228 Rallus Virginianus, Virginian Rail. [Hence in Pennant (1792) and Stephens (1824).] Virginian rattlesnake n. ΚΠ a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1657 (1955) III. 200 Two Virginian rattle-snakes. Virginian squirrel n. ΚΠ 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 25 The grey Virginian squirrel..is larger than a rabbit, and of a greyish colour. Virginian titmouse n. ΚΠ 1783 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds II. ii. 546 Parus Virginianus, Virginian Titmouse. [Hence in Pennant (1792) and Stephens (1817).] C3. Miscellaneous uses.In quot. 1617 for Virginian sea n. (and under virgin n. and adj. Compounds 4) Virginian is an error for Vergivian, an epithet (derived from Ptolemy) of the Irish Sea. Virginian plate n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1864 G. L. M. Strauss et al. England's Workshops 60 This new compound to which the inventors have given the name of Virginian plate or Virginian silver. Virginian sea n. that part of the Atlantic Ocean lying off the coast of Virginia. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > specific seas > [noun] > Atlantic Ocean > Virginian Sea virgin's sea1603 Virginian sea1612 1612 J. Smith Map of Virginia Map The Virginian Sea. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 156 This famous Iland in the Virginian Sea, is by olde Writers called Ierna,..by the English at this time Ireland.] 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 256/1 On the S. it is bounded by North Carolina and Tennessee,..and on the E. by the Virginian Sea of the Atlantic Ocean. Virginian silver n. = Virginian plate n. ΚΠ 1864Virginian silver [see Virginian plate n.]. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > [noun] > tobacco smoke Indian smoke1626 Indian fume1627 Virginian vapour1631 funk1699 1631 F. Lenton Characterismi sig. F7 He..then liues by Virginian vapour a week after. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † virginianadj.2 Obsolete. Virginal; virgin. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > virginity > [adjective] > virginal unknowna1382 maidena1400 untouchedc1400 undefiledc1450 virginal1483 indeflore?a1513 maidenly1530 undeflowereda1533 virginly1548 untwight1558 virgin1560 unravished1563 undeflore1568 unexperta1586 virgin-like1586 vestal1595 virgineous1607 virginian1613 unseduceda1616 indevirginate?1624 zoned1726 virgie1930 unlaid1962 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 754 Whether it be Virginian modestie, and after the vse of Virgins, shee would say nay at first. 1758 R. Dossie Elaboratory laid open 319 The best virginian honey. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.adj.11588adj.21613 |
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