virtuouslyadv.

Brit.

/ˈvəːtʃʊəsli/,

/ˈvəːtjʊəsli/, U.S.

/ˈvərtʃ(ə)wəsli/

Forms: see virtuous adj. and n. and -ly suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: virtuous adj., -ly suffix².

Etymology: < virtuous adj. + -ly suffix², probably partly after Middle French vertueusement, virtueusement (French vertueusement ) courageously, valiantly (c1100 in Old French as vertuusement ), in a virtuous manner (late 13th cent.), in essence (15th cent.), powerfully, strongly (1428 in the passage translated in quot. a1500 at sense 1). In sense 3 after Middle French vertuaument virtually adv. Compare post-classical Latin virtuose powerfully, strongly (frequently from mid 12th cent. in British sources; also in continental sources), uprightly (15th cent. in a British source). Compare virtually adv.

†1. Powerfully, strongly. Obsolete.In quot. a1616 used punningly with allusion to sense 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > power > [adverb]

mightilyeOE

mightfullya1398

roughlya1398

virtuouslya1398

strenghfullya1400

puissantlyc1460

potentially1549

potently1558

powerfully1589

powerably1593

powerlikea1628

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. viii. ix. 462 Planetes beþ more oþir lasse enhaunsid in grees of signes, [þey] [MS &] worchiþ more vertovousliche [perh. read vertevousliche] and parfitliche.

a1500 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Rawl.) (1974) 208 It behouith vs to drawe by the coller and to take the bridell with the tethe vertuously [c1475 Univ. Oxf. mightilye; Fr. vertueusement].

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) xxxv. f. xxxvii^v Hector strake hym agayne so vertuously on the helme y^t he strake in to it .iiii. fyngers depe.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. ii. 226 1. Lord. We are so vertuously bound. Tim. And so am I to you. 2. Lord. So infinitely endeer'd.

2. In a virtuous manner; in conformity with moral principles; uprightly, righteously. Also: chastely, purely.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > [adverb]

wellOE

douthlyc1275

thewedlya1400

virtuouslyc1400

morallya1540

virtually1539

mannerly1566

c1400 Comm. on Canticles (Bodl. 288) in T. Arnold Sel. Eng. Wks. J. Wyclif (1871) III. 46 Qwikenynge hem wiþ my grace, to lyve in mekenes vertuously.

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1147 May the hye god..Graunte me grace to lyuen vertuously [c1430 Cambr. Gg.4.27 verteuosly] Thanne am I gentil whan þ^t I bigynne To lyuen vertuously [c1430 Cambr. Gg.4.27 verteuously] and weyue synne.

1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 36 A rememberaunce of oold love vertuously set at alle tymes to the pleseer of God.

1500 T. Betson Ryght Profytable Treatyse sig. aij To dyspose men to be vertuously occupyed in theyr myndes & prayers.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxvii. 179 How should a vertuously disposed minde better resolue with it selfe then thus?

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iv. i. 7 They that meane vertuously, and yet doe so, The diuell their vertue tempts, and they tempt heauen.

1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 105 To be vertuously Magnificent, is with daily Provisions to feed the Hungry.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 33. ⁋6 This Woman, who could be so virtuously impertinent, as to admonish one she was hardly acquainted with.

1788 R. Bage James Wallace I. 175 He..was disposed to retire into France, live frugally and virtuously, if he was able, and wait events.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxviii. 275 Here Mrs. Wititterley tossed her head—not passionately, only virtuously.

1882 Fortn. Rev. Sept. 277 M. de Climal makes undisguised proposals to Marianne, which she virtuously refuses, and flies to a convent.

1919 P. G. Wodehouse Their Mutual Child i. iv. 44 Ruth had been there for other reasons than those of art. ‘Unchaperoned, too, by Jove!’ thought Percy virtuously.

1950 A. Buckeridge Jennings goes to School xii. 240 Virtuously he decided to tell the truth.

2000 D. D'Souza Virtue of Prosperity ii. 47 He believed that if people are given freedom they will choose to live virtuously.

†3. In essence; = virtually adv. 1a. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > essence or intrinsic nature > [adverb] > virtually

in effectc1405

virtuouslya1475

virtuallya1600

equipollently1642

equivalently1644

physically1690

in substance1737

practically1749

essentially1774

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 6030 Somme vnderstonde certeynly That he ys ther vertuously; Somme seyn ‘ymaginatiue’, And somme ‘representatiue’ [Fr. Vertuaument entent li un Et imaginaument aucun, Et representativement Aucunes des choses entent].

1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) ii. viii. sig. k.vi^v Also this fourth commaundement the whiche is the fyrst of the seconde table, conteyned in hym vertuously the .vii. werkes of mercy.

†4. Bravely, courageously, valiantly. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > bravery or boldness > [adverb]

stronglyeOE

strongeOE

boldlyOE

wellOE

coflyc1000

keenlyc1000

moodilyOE

fastOE

derflyc1175

trustlya1200

hardilyc1225

trustilya1375

ketec1380

throa1400

strenglya1425

strongfullyc1425

roidlya1500

virtuouslya1500

hardyflyc1500

brave1590

bold1597

audaciously1598

bravely1600

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 162 Therfor the troians vertuosly the grecans into hare tentis fleynge suyt.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) xxxv. sig. Gi^v Hector encountred the fyrst so vertuously, y^t he ran him thrugh out with his spere.

c1600 W. Fowler tr. N. Machiavelli Prince in Wks. (1936) II. 129 Some of thame quha hes liued verteuslye and valiantlye and with great and magnanime courage notwithstanding hes lost there empyre.

†5. With great skill or excellence. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adverb] > with masterly skill

masterlyc1425

virtuouslya1500

masterfullya1603

masterlike1637

mistressly1786

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) viii. l. 981 Þat buk..Qwhar Master Iohun Barbere..His dedis ditit mar wertusly Þan I can thynk in al study.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	virtuously
释义	virtuouslyadv. Brit. /ˈvəːtʃʊəsli/, /ˈvəːtjʊəsli/, U.S. /ˈvərtʃ(ə)wəsli/ Forms: see virtuous adj. and n. and -ly suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: virtuous adj., -ly suffix². Etymology: < virtuous adj. + -ly suffix², probably partly after Middle French vertueusement, virtueusement (French vertueusement ) courageously, valiantly (c1100 in Old French as vertuusement ), in a virtuous manner (late 13th cent.), in essence (15th cent.), powerfully, strongly (1428 in the passage translated in quot. a1500 at sense 1). In sense 3 after Middle French vertuaument virtually adv. Compare post-classical Latin virtuose powerfully, strongly (frequently from mid 12th cent. in British sources; also in continental sources), uprightly (15th cent. in a British source). Compare virtually adv. †1. Powerfully, strongly. Obsolete.In quot. a1616 used punningly with allusion to sense 2. ΘΚΠ society > authority > power > [adverb] mightilyeOE mightfullya1398 roughlya1398 virtuouslya1398 strenghfullya1400 puissantlyc1460 potentially1549 potently1558 powerfully1589 powerably1593 powerlikea1628 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. viii. ix. 462 Planetes beþ more oþir lasse enhaunsid in grees of signes, [þey] [MS &] worchiþ more vertovousliche [perh. read vertevousliche] and parfitliche. a1500 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Rawl.) (1974) 208 It behouith vs to drawe by the coller and to take the bridell with the tethe vertuously [c1475 Univ. Oxf. mightilye; Fr. vertueusement]. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) xxxv. f. xxxvii^v Hector strake hym agayne so vertuously on the helme y^t he strake in to it .iiii. fyngers depe. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. ii. 226 1. Lord. We are so vertuously bound. Tim. And so am I to you. 2. Lord. So infinitely endeer'd. View more context for this quotation 2. In a virtuous manner; in conformity with moral principles; uprightly, righteously. Also: chastely, purely. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > [adverb] wellOE douthlyc1275 thewedlya1400 virtuouslyc1400 morallya1540 virtually1539 mannerly1566 c1400 Comm. on Canticles (Bodl. 288) in T. Arnold Sel. Eng. Wks. J. Wyclif (1871) III. 46 Qwikenynge hem wiþ my grace, to lyve in mekenes vertuously. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1147 May the hye god..Graunte me grace to lyuen vertuously [c1430 Cambr. Gg.4.27 verteuosly] Thanne am I gentil whan þ^t I bigynne To lyuen vertuously [c1430 Cambr. Gg.4.27 verteuously] and weyue synne. 1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 36 A rememberaunce of oold love vertuously set at alle tymes to the pleseer of God. 1500 T. Betson Ryght Profytable Treatyse sig. aij To dyspose men to be vertuously occupyed in theyr myndes & prayers. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxvii. 179 How should a vertuously disposed minde better resolue with it selfe then thus? a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iv. i. 7 They that meane vertuously, and yet doe so, The diuell their vertue tempts, and they tempt heauen. View more context for this quotation 1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 105 To be vertuously Magnificent, is with daily Provisions to feed the Hungry. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 33. ⁋6 This Woman, who could be so virtuously impertinent, as to admonish one she was hardly acquainted with. 1788 R. Bage James Wallace I. 175 He..was disposed to retire into France, live frugally and virtuously, if he was able, and wait events. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxviii. 275 Here Mrs. Wititterley tossed her head—not passionately, only virtuously. 1882 Fortn. Rev. Sept. 277 M. de Climal makes undisguised proposals to Marianne, which she virtuously refuses, and flies to a convent. 1919 P. G. Wodehouse Their Mutual Child i. iv. 44 Ruth had been there for other reasons than those of art. ‘Unchaperoned, too, by Jove!’ thought Percy virtuously. 1950 A. Buckeridge Jennings goes to School xii. 240 Virtuously he decided to tell the truth. 2000 D. D'Souza Virtue of Prosperity ii. 47 He believed that if people are given freedom they will choose to live virtuously. †3. In essence; = virtually adv. 1a. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > essence or intrinsic nature > [adverb] > virtually in effectc1405 virtuouslya1475 virtuallya1600 equipollently1642 equivalently1644 physically1690 in substance1737 practically1749 essentially1774 a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 6030 Somme vnderstonde certeynly That he ys ther vertuously; Somme seyn ‘ymaginatiue’, And somme ‘representatiue’ [Fr. Vertuaument entent li un Et imaginaument aucun, Et representativement Aucunes des choses entent]. 1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) ii. viii. sig. k.vi^v Also this fourth commaundement the whiche is the fyrst of the seconde table, conteyned in hym vertuously the .vii. werkes of mercy. †4. Bravely, courageously, valiantly. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > bravery or boldness > [adverb] stronglyeOE strongeOE boldlyOE wellOE coflyc1000 keenlyc1000 moodilyOE fastOE derflyc1175 trustlya1200 hardilyc1225 trustilya1375 ketec1380 throa1400 strenglya1425 strongfullyc1425 roidlya1500 virtuouslya1500 hardyflyc1500 brave1590 bold1597 audaciously1598 bravely1600 a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 162 Therfor the troians vertuosly the grecans into hare tentis fleynge suyt. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) xxxv. sig. Gi^v Hector encountred the fyrst so vertuously, y^t he ran him thrugh out with his spere. c1600 W. Fowler tr. N. Machiavelli Prince in Wks. (1936) II. 129 Some of thame quha hes liued verteuslye and valiantlye and with great and magnanime courage notwithstanding hes lost there empyre. †5. With great skill or excellence. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adverb] > with masterly skill masterlyc1425 virtuouslya1500 masterfullya1603 masterlike1637 mistressly1786 a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) viii. l. 981 Þat buk..Qwhar Master Iohun Barbere..His dedis ditit mar wertusly Þan I can thynk in al study. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adv.a1398
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