visn.²

Brit.

/vɪs/, U.S.

/vɪs/

Forms: Plural vires

/ˈvaɪriːz/.

Etymology: < Latin vīs (plural vīrēs).

1. Strength, force, energy, vigour.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun]

greennesseOE

lustinessc1325

forcea1375

vigourc1386

virrc1575

vigour1602

nerve1605

vivacity1649

vis1650

actuosity1660

amenity1661

vogue1674

energy1783

smeddum1790

dash1796

throughput1808

feck1811

go1825

steam1826

jism1842

vim1843

animalism1848

fizz1856

jasm1860

verve1863

snap1865

sawdusta1873

élan1880

stingo1885

energeticism1891

sprawl1894

zip1899

pep1908

jazz1912

zoom1926

toe1963

zap1968

stank1997

1650 T. Hubbert Pilula 104 There is a certain vis, a power infused into the soul.

a1680 T. Goodwin Wks. (1681) I. iii. 39 [Christ] Who then must be the immediate Uniter, by his own Vis or Power exerted in it.

1788 Trifler No. 17. 231 Charmed with the prospect which the vis of combined effects presented to him, he resolved to investigate the springs of action.

1882 J. Brown John Leech in Horæ Subsecivæ 3rd Ser. 183 His verses..had more imaginative vis, more daintiness of phrase [etc.].

1888 E. W. Benson Diary 26 Jan. in A. C. Benson Life of E. W. Benson (1899) II. v. 200 There is no vis and there is also no learning, among them [sc. Reformers], out of Germany.

1907 P. T. Forsyth Positive Preaching v. 163 The great moral vis of the Reformation subsided into the renewed intellectualism of the seventeenth century dogmatists.

2. In special collocations with other Latin words.In addition to those illustrated below, various others are or have been in use, as vis acceleratrix, centrifuga, centripeta, impressa, insita, etc. A number of these appear in dictionaries from about 1700 onwards.

a. vis major n. such a degree of superior force that no effective resistance can be made to it.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] > absolute or superior force

fine forcea1375

vis major1601

force majeure1883

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 599 Hailes, stormes of wind and raine, and such like impressions of the aire, which whensoever they doe light, are tearmed by the Lawyers, Vis major, i. the greater violence.

1866 Ld. Blackburn in Hurlstone & Coltman Rep. IV. 271 He can excuse himself by shewing that..the escape was the consequence of vis major or the act of God.

b. vis inertiae n. the resistance naturally offered by matter to any force tending to alter its state in respect of rest or motion; also transferred, tendency on the part of persons, etc., to remain inactive or unprogressive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > [noun]

accidiaOE

accidie?c1225

lethargyc1380

faintness1398

lithernessc1425

listlesshedec1440

owlisthead1440

supinity1548

lustlessness1556

benumbedness1566

phlegm1578

apoplexy1589

acedia1607

torpor1607

drowsiness1611

torpidity1614

languishmentc1620

hebetude1621

acedy1623

inerty1623

supineness1640

listlessness1646

cadaveriety1651

inertitude1656

oscitation1656

torpulency1657

sopor1658

phlegmaticness1659

lethargicalness1664

torpidnessa1676

faineantisea1684

phlegmatism1688

vis inertiae1710

torpitude1713

moonery1764

donothingness1814

benumbment1817

inertia1821

languor1825

donothingism1839

Mondayishness1850

mooniness1852

mooning1857

fainéantisme1873

sog1874

Oblomovism1902

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > [noun] > inertia

vis inertiae1710

inertia1713

inertness1768

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Vis insita Materiæ or Vis Inertiæ, is the bare Power of Resistance only, by which every Body..endeavours to continue in that State in which it is, either of Rest or Motion.]

1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II. (at cited word) This Vis Inertiæ is no where more conspicuous, than in the sudden Motion of a Vessel full of Liquor upon a Horizontal Plane.

1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man ii. i. §6. 31 Matter is a mere passive thing, of whose very essence it is, to be endued with a Vis inertiae.

1781 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 71 i. 312 Not so much owing to the smallness of the quantity of powder that takes fire in that case as to the vis inertiæ of the generated fluid.

1836 I. Taylor Physical Theory of Another Life ii. 32 This power of the mind in overcoming the vis inertiæ of matter.

in extended use.1755 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 26 June (1932) (modernized text) V. 2145 Writing seems to be acting..which my vis inertiæ will not suffer me to undertake.1780 H. Walpole Lett. (1858) VII. 405 By the time absolute power is attained, it will..be charming in speculation, but prove to be nothing but the vis inertiæ.1818 Edinb. Rev. 29 361 The vis inertiæ which strengthens the subject in repelling the aggressions of his rulers.a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. vii. 272 There is a vis inertiæ in Art which is not easily overcome.

c. vis viva, the operative force of a moving or acting body, reckoned as equal to the mass of the body multiplied by the square of its velocity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > [noun] > kinetics > operative force of moving body

living force1728

vis viva1780

force1841

1780 Encycl. Brit. V. 3317/1 The vis viva, or absolute apparent strength of the stroke.

1808 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 122 The proposition on which the whole theory of the vis viva is actually founded.

1849 W. Thomson Math. & Physical Papers (1882) I. 107 Notes on Hydrodynamics. On the Vis-viva of a liquid in motion.

1870 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 40 210 But a part only of the vires vivæ produced during the efflux has been transformed into heat.

1875 J. Croll Climate & Time App. 546 The vis viva of vibration depends upon the force of the stroke.

d. vis vitae, vital force.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > vital principle > [noun]

souleOE

lifeOE

spiritusOE

bloodOE

ghostOE

life and soulOE

quickship?c1225

quicknessc1230

breatha1300

spirita1325

spark1382

naturec1385

sparkle1388

livelinessa1398

rational soula1398

spiracle1398

animal spirit?a1425

vital spiritc1450

soul of the world1525

candle1535

fire1576

three souls1587

vitality?1592

candlelight1596

substance1605

vivacity1611

animality1615

vividity1616

animals1628

life spring1649

archeus1651

vital1670

spirituosity1677

springs of life1681

microcosmetor1684

vital force1702

vital spark (also flame)1704

stamen1718

vis vitae1752

prana1785

Purusha1785

jiva1807

vital force1822

heartbeat1828

world-soul1828

world-spirit1828

life energy1838

life force1848

ghost soul1869

will to live1871

biogen1882

ki1893

mauri1897

élan vital1907

orgone1942

1752 Gentleman's Mag. 67/1 All medicines whatever, which tend to lessen the vis vitæ, are pernicious.

a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1821) I. 385 A pungency, entirely peculiar, accompanied the smell; and appeared to lessen the vis vitæ in a manner, different from any thing, which I had ever experienced before.

e. vis a fronte, a force operating from in front (as in attraction or suction). vis a tergo, a force operating from behind; a propulsive force.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > [noun] > propulsion > propulsive force

impetus1656

vis a tergo1822

thrust1869

the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > [noun] > forces operating from front or behind

vis a fronte1822

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 15 Hence arose another hypothesis, which ascribed the propulsive power to a progressive vis à tergo.

1825 J. M. Good Study Med. (ed. 2) II. 18 The secernents or extreme arteries..operate by a kind of suction, which may be regarded as a vis à fronte.

1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 19 The combined effect of the diminished vis à tergo and of the arterial degeneration may, in some cases, be alone sufficient to cause arrest of the circulation.

f. vis comica, humorous energy; comic force or effect.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [noun] > one who or that which is comical > quality or condition of

comicalness?1691

comicality1718

vis comica1757

drollness1823

funniness1836

farcicality1849

funniosity1920

zaniness1960

1757 S. Foote Author i. 6 My Disposition has, at present, very little of the Vis comica.

1798 T. Holcroft Diary 12 Oct. in Memoirs (1816) III. i. 47 This character has..not enough of the vis comica.

1887 G. M. Hopkins Lett. to R. Bridges (1955) 261 In vis comica, in fun,..it is not strong: still there is enough to make me laugh aloud sometimes.

1911 C. S. H. Brereton & F. Rothwell tr. H. L. Bergson Laughter ii. 71 In the scene..between Sganarelle and Pancrace, the entire vis comica lies in the conflict set up between the idea of Sganarelle..and the obstinacy of the philosopher.

1979 F. Felsenstein in Smollett Trav. p. xxv Smollett's vis comica is..sufficiently broad to allow him to laugh at himself.

g. vis medicatrix (naturae), the healing power of nature.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > [noun] > healing quality > of nature

vis medicatrix (naturae)1804

1804 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 186 In this position arose the vis medicatrix naturæ, like a fairy queen, to put the wheel in motion.

1904 W. H. Hudson Green Mansions xxii. 295 The vis medicatrix with which nature helps our weaknesses.

1949 A. Huxley Let. 30 July (1969) 601 The news of your mishap was forwarded to us... I do hope that by this time the enforced rest will have given the vis medicatrix naturae a chance to get busy.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	vis
释义	† visn.¹ Etymology: < Latin vīsus sight, < participial stem of vidēre to see. Obsolete. rare. Vision, sight. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > sight of something > [noun] looka1200 sight?c1225 visc1340 visea1450 respection?a1475 viewa1500 prospection?1530 kenningc1540 conspect1548 ken1594 spectacle1625 styme1776 perception1817 c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. 34 If a mane lufe anoþer whilke es absent he desyris gretly his presence for to hafe þe vys of his lufe and his likynge... Þare-fore we may noghte hafe þe vis of His lufe here in fulfilling. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2020). visn.² Brit. /vɪs/, U.S. /vɪs/ Forms: Plural vires /ˈvaɪriːz/. Etymology: < Latin vīs (plural vīrēs). 1. Strength, force, energy, vigour. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] greennesseOE lustinessc1325 forcea1375 vigourc1386 virrc1575 vigour1602 nerve1605 vivacity1649 vis1650 actuosity1660 amenity1661 vogue1674 energy1783 smeddum1790 dash1796 throughput1808 feck1811 go1825 steam1826 jism1842 vim1843 animalism1848 fizz1856 jasm1860 verve1863 snap1865 sawdusta1873 élan1880 stingo1885 energeticism1891 sprawl1894 zip1899 pep1908 jazz1912 zoom1926 toe1963 zap1968 stank1997 1650 T. Hubbert Pilula 104 There is a certain vis, a power infused into the soul. a1680 T. Goodwin Wks. (1681) I. iii. 39 [Christ] Who then must be the immediate Uniter, by his own Vis or Power exerted in it. 1788 Trifler No. 17. 231 Charmed with the prospect which the vis of combined effects presented to him, he resolved to investigate the springs of action. 1882 J. Brown John Leech in Horæ Subsecivæ 3rd Ser. 183 His verses..had more imaginative vis, more daintiness of phrase [etc.]. 1888 E. W. Benson Diary 26 Jan. in A. C. Benson Life of E. W. Benson (1899) II. v. 200 There is no vis and there is also no learning, among them [sc. Reformers], out of Germany. 1907 P. T. Forsyth Positive Preaching v. 163 The great moral vis of the Reformation subsided into the renewed intellectualism of the seventeenth century dogmatists. 2. In special collocations with other Latin words.In addition to those illustrated below, various others are or have been in use, as vis acceleratrix, centrifuga, centripeta, impressa, insita, etc. A number of these appear in dictionaries from about 1700 onwards. a. vis major n. such a degree of superior force that no effective resistance can be made to it. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] > absolute or superior force fine forcea1375 vis major1601 force majeure1883 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 599 Hailes, stormes of wind and raine, and such like impressions of the aire, which whensoever they doe light, are tearmed by the Lawyers, Vis major, i. the greater violence. 1866 Ld. Blackburn in Hurlstone & Coltman Rep. IV. 271 He can excuse himself by shewing that..the escape was the consequence of vis major or the act of God. b. vis inertiae n. the resistance naturally offered by matter to any force tending to alter its state in respect of rest or motion; also transferred, tendency on the part of persons, etc., to remain inactive or unprogressive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > [noun] accidiaOE accidie?c1225 lethargyc1380 faintness1398 lithernessc1425 listlesshedec1440 owlisthead1440 supinity1548 lustlessness1556 benumbedness1566 phlegm1578 apoplexy1589 acedia1607 torpor1607 drowsiness1611 torpidity1614 languishmentc1620 hebetude1621 acedy1623 inerty1623 supineness1640 listlessness1646 cadaveriety1651 inertitude1656 oscitation1656 torpulency1657 sopor1658 phlegmaticness1659 lethargicalness1664 torpidnessa1676 faineantisea1684 phlegmatism1688 vis inertiae1710 torpitude1713 moonery1764 donothingness1814 benumbment1817 inertia1821 languor1825 donothingism1839 Mondayishness1850 mooniness1852 mooning1857 fainéantisme1873 sog1874 Oblomovism1902 the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > [noun] > inertia vis inertiae1710 inertia1713 inertness1768 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Vis insita Materiæ or Vis Inertiæ, is the bare Power of Resistance only, by which every Body..endeavours to continue in that State in which it is, either of Rest or Motion.] 1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II. (at cited word) This Vis Inertiæ is no where more conspicuous, than in the sudden Motion of a Vessel full of Liquor upon a Horizontal Plane. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man ii. i. §6. 31 Matter is a mere passive thing, of whose very essence it is, to be endued with a Vis inertiae. 1781 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 71 i. 312 Not so much owing to the smallness of the quantity of powder that takes fire in that case as to the vis inertiæ of the generated fluid. 1836 I. Taylor Physical Theory of Another Life ii. 32 This power of the mind in overcoming the vis inertiæ of matter. in extended use.1755 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 26 June (1932) (modernized text) V. 2145 Writing seems to be acting..which my vis inertiæ will not suffer me to undertake.1780 H. Walpole Lett. (1858) VII. 405 By the time absolute power is attained, it will..be charming in speculation, but prove to be nothing but the vis inertiæ.1818 Edinb. Rev. 29 361 The vis inertiæ which strengthens the subject in repelling the aggressions of his rulers.a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. vii. 272 There is a vis inertiæ in Art which is not easily overcome. c. vis viva, the operative force of a moving or acting body, reckoned as equal to the mass of the body multiplied by the square of its velocity. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > [noun] > kinetics > operative force of moving body living force1728 vis viva1780 force1841 1780 Encycl. Brit. V. 3317/1 The vis viva, or absolute apparent strength of the stroke. 1808 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 122 The proposition on which the whole theory of the vis viva is actually founded. 1849 W. Thomson Math. & Physical Papers (1882) I. 107 Notes on Hydrodynamics. On the Vis-viva of a liquid in motion. 1870 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 40 210 But a part only of the vires vivæ produced during the efflux has been transformed into heat. 1875 J. Croll Climate & Time App. 546 The vis viva of vibration depends upon the force of the stroke. d. vis vitae, vital force. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > vital principle > [noun] souleOE lifeOE spiritusOE bloodOE ghostOE life and soulOE quickship?c1225 quicknessc1230 breatha1300 spirita1325 spark1382 naturec1385 sparkle1388 livelinessa1398 rational soula1398 spiracle1398 animal spirit?a1425 vital spiritc1450 soul of the world1525 candle1535 fire1576 three souls1587 vitality?1592 candlelight1596 substance1605 vivacity1611 animality1615 vividity1616 animals1628 life spring1649 archeus1651 vital1670 spirituosity1677 springs of life1681 microcosmetor1684 vital force1702 vital spark (also flame)1704 stamen1718 vis vitae1752 prana1785 Purusha1785 jiva1807 vital force1822 heartbeat1828 world-soul1828 world-spirit1828 life energy1838 life force1848 ghost soul1869 will to live1871 biogen1882 ki1893 mauri1897 élan vital1907 orgone1942 1752 Gentleman's Mag. 67/1 All medicines whatever, which tend to lessen the vis vitæ, are pernicious. a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1821) I. 385 A pungency, entirely peculiar, accompanied the smell; and appeared to lessen the vis vitæ in a manner, different from any thing, which I had ever experienced before. e. vis a fronte, a force operating from in front (as in attraction or suction). vis a tergo, a force operating from behind; a propulsive force. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > [noun] > propulsion > propulsive force impetus1656 vis a tergo1822 thrust1869 the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > [noun] > forces operating from front or behind vis a fronte1822 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 15 Hence arose another hypothesis, which ascribed the propulsive power to a progressive vis à tergo. 1825 J. M. Good Study Med. (ed. 2) II. 18 The secernents or extreme arteries..operate by a kind of suction, which may be regarded as a vis à fronte. 1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 19 The combined effect of the diminished vis à tergo and of the arterial degeneration may, in some cases, be alone sufficient to cause arrest of the circulation. f. vis comica, humorous energy; comic force or effect. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [noun] > one who or that which is comical > quality or condition of comicalness?1691 comicality1718 vis comica1757 drollness1823 funniness1836 farcicality1849 funniosity1920 zaniness1960 1757 S. Foote Author i. 6 My Disposition has, at present, very little of the Vis comica. 1798 T. Holcroft Diary 12 Oct. in Memoirs (1816) III. i. 47 This character has..not enough of the vis comica. 1887 G. M. Hopkins Lett. to R. Bridges (1955) 261 In vis comica, in fun,..it is not strong: still there is enough to make me laugh aloud sometimes. 1911 C. S. H. Brereton & F. Rothwell tr. H. L. Bergson Laughter ii. 71 In the scene..between Sganarelle and Pancrace, the entire vis comica lies in the conflict set up between the idea of Sganarelle..and the obstinacy of the philosopher. 1979 F. Felsenstein in Smollett Trav. p. xxv Smollett's vis comica is..sufficiently broad to allow him to laugh at himself. g. vis medicatrix (naturae), the healing power of nature. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > [noun] > healing quality > of nature vis medicatrix (naturae)1804 1804 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 186 In this position arose the vis medicatrix naturæ, like a fairy queen, to put the wheel in motion. 1904 W. H. Hudson Green Mansions xxii. 295 The vis medicatrix with which nature helps our weaknesses. 1949 A. Huxley Let. 30 July (1969) 601 The news of your mishap was forwarded to us... I do hope that by this time the enforced rest will have given the vis medicatrix naturae a chance to get busy. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † visn.³ Etymology: Arbitrary shortening of visit n. Obsolete. rare. A short visit or call. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > visit > [noun] > short or casual look-in1653 vis1754 pop visit1767 drop-in1819 fly1833 pop call1857 pop-in visit1887 1754 World No. 62. ⁋8 When a fine gentleman chuses to signify his intention of making a short Visit..I am for an abridgment of the word, and only calling it a Vis. 1754 World No. 62. ⁋9 I may observe..that the Vis seems to be chiefly confined within the bills of mortality. 1807 C. C. Southey Life A. Bell (1844) II. 562 If you cannot make me a visit, at least make me a vis, if you can, before your return to Swanage. Derivatives † vis v. Obsolete (transitive) to pay a short visit to. (Cf. viz. v.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > visit > visiting > visit [verb (transitive)] seekc893 visit13.. vizyc1425 to go to (also and) see1548 to call upon ——1604 calla1616 paya1616 vis1754 to look up1827 to visit with1850 1754 World No. 62. ⁋8 Lady Changeherfriend's compliments to Lady Fiddlefaddle, and intends to Vis her ladyship this evening. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † visn.⁴ Etymology: Shortened < vis-à-vis n. Obsolete. rare. = vis-à-vis n. 1. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > carriage for conveying persons > [noun] > types of carriage > with seats facing each other vis-à-vis1753 vis1809 1809 Sporting Mag. 33 276 The Vis Landau will be the fashionable vehicle among the Members of the Whip Club. 1814 Ld. Byron Let. 9 Apr. (1975) IV. 92 In utter contempt of a hackney-coach and my own vis, both of which were deemed necessary for our conveyance. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2020). visn.⁵ Brit. /vɪz/, U.S. /vɪz/ Forms: Also with point. Etymology: Abbreviation. colloquial (originally Military). = visibility n. 1c. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > [noun] > with respect to conditions visibility1914 vis1943 1943 R.A.F. Jrnl. Aug. 31 Stations A and B had a vis. of two miles an hour ago... Vis. is still 4 miles at G—I think they'd be better to go on there. 1956 W. A. Heflin U.S. Air Force Dict. 557/2 Vis, ‘visual’ or ‘visibility’. 1986 Diver June 43/3 I spent half the time incredulous and half the time cursing the silt which was bringing down the vis. 1990 Pilot Oct. 32/1 The weather forecast we received assured good VFR conditions but mentioned local reduced vis around Villahermosa. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1993; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹c1340n.²1601n.³1754n.⁴1809n.⁵1943
随便看	depurations depurative depurative disease depuratives depurator depurators depuratory depure depured depurgatory depurge depuring depurition depurse depursement deputable deputary deputate deputation deputational deputationist deputationize deputations deputative deputatively

† visn.1

visn.2

† visn.3

Derivatives

† visn.4

visn.5

† visn.¹

visn.²

† visn.³

† visn.⁴

visn.⁵