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单词 vole
释义

volen.1

Brit. /vəʊl/, U.S. /voʊl/
Forms: Also 1600s, 1800s vol.
Etymology: < French vole (1642), apparently < voler, < Latin volāre to fly.
a. The winning of all the tricks in certain card games, as écarté, quadrille, or ombre. Frequently to win the vole.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > actions or tactics > winning or losing points or tricks
trick1607
rub1613
slam1660
vole1680
sans prendre1728
grand slam1800
single1850
1680 J. Dryden Kind Keeper iv. i. 46 Pug has sent me to you..to bring you down to Cards again;..she'll never forgive you the last Vol you won.
1713 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 7 Mar. (1948) II. 634 I..played at Ombre..for 3 hours, there were 3 Voles against me,..but [I] came off for 3s-6d.
1728 C. Cibber Vanbrugh's Provok'd Husband v. iii. 93 Unless..sometimes winning a great Stake; laying down a Vole, sans prendre may come up, to the profitable Pleasure you were speaking of.
1741 E. Montagu Let. 15 Jan. (1809) II. 111 Many there would have gone twice as far to have saved a vole at quadrille.
1778 Camp Guide 12 To win a great—battle—I think from my soul, Is rather more dubious, than Quadrille the vole.
1810 G. Crabbe Borough xvi. 221 Cards answer'd to her call..‘A vole! a vole!’ she cried, ‘'tis fairly won.’
1861 Macmillan's Mag. Dec. 131 Unless the winners should choose to undertake to make all the ten tricks [in Quadrille], which is called the vole.
1894 W. H. Wilkins & H. Vivian Green Bay Tree I. 21 ‘A gentle flutter at ecarté.’ ‘In which you began with King and vol each game, I wager.’
b. to go the vole, to run every risk in the hope of great gain; to try all shifts.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > chance or causelessness > chance [verb (intransitive)] > run a risk or take one's chance
to take one's chancec1325
to take penancec1400
to throw at allc1400
to buy a pig (in Scotl. a cat) in a poke1546
to throw the helve after the hatchet1546
to set (up) one's rest1579
to give the adventure1607
to make a shaft or a bolt of ita1616
to run a fortune1627
to run for luck1799
to go the vole1816
chance1863
to chance one's arm1889
to take a chance or chances1902
gamble1919
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > face danger [verb (intransitive)] > risk oneself > risk everything
to throw at allc1400
to send the axe after the helvea1450
to throw the helve after the hatchet1546
to go the vole1816
to go for broke1935
1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. iv. 86 Who is he!—why, he has gone the vole—has been soldier, ballad-singer, travelling tinker, and is now a beggar.
1827 W. Scott Jrnl. 6 Nov. (1941) 129 He thinks Cadell's account must turn up trumps, and is for going the vole.
1895 Daily News 27 May 8/3 In the old phrase he ‘went the vole,’ he would be colossal, or a blank failure.

Derivatives

vole v. rare (intransitive) to win the vole.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play at cards [verb (intransitive)] > actions or tactics > win points or tricks
rub1600
to sweep the board1680
vole1733
slam1833
make1879
sweat1907
1733 A. Pope Impertinent 11 Shortly no Lad shall chuck, or Lady vole, But some excising Courtier will have Toll.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1920; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

volen.2

Brit. /vəʊl/, U.S. /voʊl/
Etymology: Originally vole-mouse, < Norwegian *vollmus (Icelandic vallarmús), < voll (Icelandic völlr, Swedish vall) field + mus mouse.
One or other of various rat- or mouse-like quadrupeds, esp. the short-tailed field-mouse, Microtus (formerly Arvicola) agrestis; the water-rat, M. amphibius; and the red or bank vole, Evotomys glareolus; also, the genus or genera to which these belong. Also †vole-mouse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Myomorpha (mouse, rat, vole, or hamster) > [noun] > family Microtidae > genus Clethrionomys (vole)
vole1805
bank vole1837
red-backed mouse1865
red-backed vole1880
wold-mouse1892
Orkney vole1904
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Myomorpha (mouse, rat, vole, or hamster) > [noun] > family Microtidae > genus Arvicola > arvicola amphibius (water-vole)
water mousea1398
water rat1481
craber1655
water dog1765
water mole1770
vole1805
water vole1828
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Myomorpha (mouse, rat, vole, or hamster) > [noun] > family Microtidae > genus Microtus > microtus agrestis (field vole)
meadow rat1781
meadow mouse1801
vole1805
field vole1828
campagnol1835
meadow vole1840
1805 G. Barry Hist. Orkney iii. i. 314 The Short-tailed Field Mouse,..which with us has the name of the vole mouse.
1828 J. Fleming Hist. Brit. Animals 23 Arvicola. Vole.—No subsidiary incisors. Roots of the grinders simple... Tail round and hairy.
1840 E. Blyth et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 114 The Voles..have three grinders above and below.
1840 E. Blyth et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 114 The Musk~quash,..which is a Vole with semi-palmated hind-feet.
c1880 Cassell's Nat. Hist. III. 115 The true Voles..number about fifty known species.
attributive.1896 Daily News 21 Apr. 6/2 May the vole-plague ravage the land of those who neglect this plain-featured fact!1906 Country-side 6 Jan. 100/3 A committee of gentlemen who had come specially to investigate the ‘vole’ question.

Compounds

With distinctive premodifiers (see quots. and preceding; also field vole n. at field n.1 Compounds 3, water vole n.).
Alsacian vole n.
Π
1840 E. Blyth et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 114 The Alsacian Vole..lives under ground like the Mole.
bank vole n.
Π
1843 Zoologist 1 72 The bank vole or bank mouse.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 278/1 The Bank-Vole (Arvicola glareolus).
economic vole n.
Π
1840 E. Blyth et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 114 The Economic Vole..inhabits a sort of oven-shaped chamber.
meadow vole n.
Π
1840 E. Blyth et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 114 Meadow Vole..Size of a Mouse, reddish ash-colour.
northern vole n.
Π
1896 R. Lydekker Brit. Mammals 308 The northern Vole (Microtus ratticeps), and the Siberian Vole (M. gregalis).
snow vole n.
Π
1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 633/1 Fauna of the Alps..[includes] the snow-vole (Arvicola nivalis).

Derivatives

ˈvoledom n. the world of voles. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Myomorpha (mouse, rat, vole, or hamster) > [noun] > family Microtidae > genus Clethrionomys (vole) > world of voles
voledom1892
1892 Chambers's Jrnl. 25 June 407/2 The young mice being greedily gulped down by the black bogies, whose appearance must be the prevailing terror of voledom.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1920; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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