wacken.

Brit.

/ˈwaki/, U.S.

/ˈwæki/

Forms: 1700s– wacke, 1800s wacca, 1800s wacké, 1800s wake.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Wacke.

Etymology: < German Wacke, †Wake (second half of the 18th cent. in geological use; earlier in senses ‘(in mining) stones lying between surface soils and ore deposits’ (16th cent. or earlier), ‘boulder’ (already in Middle High German as wacke ), ‘pebble (especially in a riverbed)’ (already in Old High German as waggo )), probably < the same Germanic base as Old High German wegan to move (see weigh v.¹). Compare wacken n., and also grauwacke n., greywacke n., rauhwacke n.

Geology.

Any of various sandstones and similar rocks containing (esp. basaltic) rock and mineral fragments of different sizes in a clayey matrix; a rock of this type. Cf. greywacke n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > wacke

wacke1776

wacken1794

wacken porphyry1794

1776 tr. R. E. Raspe Acct. some German Volcanos 99 A species of white straggling rocks, called in these countries white wacke, is but a more or less vitrified sand-stone.

1801 tr. M. H. Klaproth Analyt. Ess. Chem. Knowl. Mineral Substances I. 33 Wacke (a variety of basalt, commonly ranked among the species of argillaceous earths); from Joachimsthal.

1816 P. Cleaveland Elem. Treat. Mineral. & Geol. 284 Basalt often forms one member of a series, beginning with gravel, sand, and clay; this clay gradually becomes less sandy and harder, till it passes into wacke, and the wacke is by insensible degrees lost in Basalt.

1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. xxxvi. 499 The chief portion of the hill consists of a dull rotten wacke.

1879 J. von Haast Geol. Provinces Canterbury & Westland ii. viii. 284 These lowest beds are mostly wacke, more or less amygdaloidal, of brown and reddish tints.

1922 C. C. Williams Design Masonry Struct. & Found. xiii. 432 Residual deposits: Residuary gravels, sands and clays, wacke, laterite, terra rosa, etc.

1954 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 62 362/2 The mixed sediments or ‘wackes’ must be mainly the products of deposition from media of high density or viscosity.

2006 J. D. Yule et al. in A. W. Snoke & C. G. Barnes Geol. Stud. Klamath Mountains Province, Calif. & Oregon 57/1 Clasts in the sandstones and conglomerates are diverse and include wacke, siltstone..and recrystallized limestone.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	wacke
释义	wacken. Brit. /ˈwaki/, U.S. /ˈwæki/ Forms: 1700s– wacke, 1800s wacca, 1800s wacké, 1800s wake. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Wacke. Etymology: < German Wacke, †Wake (second half of the 18th cent. in geological use; earlier in senses ‘(in mining) stones lying between surface soils and ore deposits’ (16th cent. or earlier), ‘boulder’ (already in Middle High German as wacke ), ‘pebble (especially in a riverbed)’ (already in Old High German as waggo )), probably < the same Germanic base as Old High German wegan to move (see weigh v.¹). Compare wacken n., and also grauwacke n., greywacke n., rauhwacke n. Geology. Any of various sandstones and similar rocks containing (esp. basaltic) rock and mineral fragments of different sizes in a clayey matrix; a rock of this type. Cf. greywacke n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > wacke wacke1776 wacken1794 wacken porphyry1794 1776 tr. R. E. Raspe Acct. some German Volcanos 99 A species of white straggling rocks, called in these countries white wacke, is but a more or less vitrified sand-stone. 1801 tr. M. H. Klaproth Analyt. Ess. Chem. Knowl. Mineral Substances I. 33 Wacke (a variety of basalt, commonly ranked among the species of argillaceous earths); from Joachimsthal. 1816 P. Cleaveland Elem. Treat. Mineral. & Geol. 284 Basalt often forms one member of a series, beginning with gravel, sand, and clay; this clay gradually becomes less sandy and harder, till it passes into wacke, and the wacke is by insensible degrees lost in Basalt. 1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. xxxvi. 499 The chief portion of the hill consists of a dull rotten wacke. 1879 J. von Haast Geol. Provinces Canterbury & Westland ii. viii. 284 These lowest beds are mostly wacke, more or less amygdaloidal, of brown and reddish tints. 1922 C. C. Williams Design Masonry Struct. & Found. xiii. 432 Residual deposits: Residuary gravels, sands and clays, wacke, laterite, terra rosa, etc. 1954 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 62 362/2 The mixed sediments or ‘wackes’ must be mainly the products of deposition from media of high density or viscosity. 2006 J. D. Yule et al. in A. W. Snoke & C. G. Barnes Geol. Stud. Klamath Mountains Province, Calif. & Oregon 57/1 Clasts in the sandstones and conglomerates are diverse and include wacke, siltstone..and recrystallized limestone. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1776
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