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单词 wain
释义

wainn.1

Brit. /weɪn/, U.S. /weɪn/
Forms: Old English wægn, ( wegn), wægen, wǽn, Middle English Orm. waȝȝn, Middle English–1600s wayne, waine, Middle English–1600s wayn, (Middle English wayen, 1500s waayne, Middle English Scottish vayn), Middle English weyne, (Middle English wene, 1500s weene, weane, 1600s wean, whene), Middle English–1600s wane, Middle English– wain.
Etymology: Old English wægen , wǽn , strong masculine = Old Frisian wein strong masculine (modern West Frisian wein , woin , wīn , North Frisian wein , wā(i)nj ), Old Low Frankish reidi-wagan (Middle Dutch waeghen , Dutch wagen ), Middle Low German, Low German wagen , Old High German wagan strong masculine (Middle High German, German wagen ), Old Norse vagn strong masculine cart, barrow (Norwegian vagn the Great Bear, vogn cart, Danish vogn , Swedish vagn cart) < Old Germanic *wagno-z < pre-Germanic *woghno-s < Indo-European root *wegh- , *wogh- to carry, etc.: compare weigh v.1, waw v.1, waw v.2, way n.1 Outside Germanic cognate words of similar meaning are Irish fén ( < pre-Celtic *weghno-s) wagon, Greek ὄχος (ϝόχος < *wogho-s), chariot, Sanskrit vahana neuter, vāhana neuter, chariot. The pre-Germanic form may possibly have been *weghno-s, corresponding with the pre-Celtic form; there is some evidence of an Old Germanic change of we- to wa- before consonant groups.
1.
a. A large open vehicle, drawn by horses or oxen, for carrying heavy loads, esp. of agricultural produce; usually four-wheeled (but see 1b); a wagon.The word does not occur in the Bible of 1611, though Wyclif and the 16th cent. translators use it. As a colloquial word it survives only in dialects, but in poetry it is commonly used instead of wagon.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > types of > wagon (usually four-wheeled)
wainc725
wagon1523
load wagon1659
freighter1885
c725 Corpus Gl. (Hessels) U 143 Ueniculum [read Uehiculum], wægn.
OE Beowulf 3134 Þa wæs wunden gold on wæn hladen.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8596 Þat þer nas non so heuy charge of wayn ne of oþer þinge þat me ne miȝte ouer grete wateres boþe lede & bringe.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2362 He bad cartes and waines nimen, And fechen wiues and childre and men, And gaf hem ðor al lond gersen.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. lxxii. 961 Hey is ymowe whanne it is ful growe... And atte last yladde home in cartes and in waynes and ybrouȝt into bernes for dyuers vse and needes.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5229 His suns all and þair flitting,..In weynis war þai don to lede.
1449 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 92 For custom for our wene to Bristowe warde comyng and goyng, iiij d.
1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 182 The said tenandis..sal led to the abbay viii score of fuderis of petis the abbai fyndand wanis meit and drink to the ledaris.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 137 Thei haue noo howses, caryenge theire wyfes and children in waynes [L. in plaustris].
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xi. 24 A litill stane oft, as men sayis, May ger weltir ane mekill wane.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 164 That apon his cowyn gat he Men that mycht enbuschement ma, Quhill that he vith his vayn [1489 Adv. wayn] suld ga Till lede thaim hay in-to the peill.
1521 Lincoln Wills (1914) I. 88 To William my son my bonden wane, ij oxen that cam from Hornecastell, [etc.].
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. iiiv And or he shall lode his corne, he must haue a wayne a copyoke.., a pycforke.
1576 Act 18 Eliz. c. 10 §1 Everye person..shalbe charged to finde..one Carte Wayne Tumbrell..Carres or Dragges furnished for thamendment..of the Highe wayes within the severall Parishes.
1588 in Archaeologia (1913) 64 366 For viij weanes of Pilleseley which ladd Timber from Penttridge, xvj d.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 19 Alexander the great set on fier with his owne hands the wanes of carriage taken from Darius.
1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) v. I i The horses trample ore Safely where ships haue saild; the Bessians Furrow Mæotis frozen backe with waines.
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 48 Wee leade in our Winter-corne usually with thre[e] waines.
1688 W. Scot True Hist. Families i. (1894) 35 According to the old Proverb, They but fell from the Wains tail.
a1732 T. Boston Memoirs (1776) vii. 108 On Thursday..came the wains with the household-furniture from Dunse.
1785 W. Cowper Task i. 296 From the sun-burnt hay-field, homeward creeps The loaded wain.
1805 W. Wordsworth Waggoner i. 29 That far-off tinkling's drowsy cheer,..The Wain announces.
1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. xiii. 324 The high roads were..choked with loaded wains, whose axle-trees cracked under their burdens.
1827 O. W. Roberts Narr. Voy. Central Amer. 210 A few large wains or waggons.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 608 The wains which carried the ammunition remained at the entrance of the moor.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cxix. 186 The team is loosen'd from the wain, The boat is drawn upon the shore. View more context for this quotation
1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 565 Wain, the obsolete form of wagon, is still in daily use in some parts of the United States, e.g. in the peninsula east of the Chesapeake.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People iv. §5. 197 To the lesser nobles..the long wain of goods as it passed along the highway, was a tempting prey.
1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 32 Some of the Avon villages are full of interest. Here you may see the great four-horse wain, common on the roads in the days of our grandfathers.
b. In local uses, applied to some particular kind of wagon or cart.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > types of > wagon (usually four-wheeled) > specific local varieties
wain1534
1534 in Lett. & Papers Henry VIII VII. 208 One weene with two whyles.
1704 Dict. Rusticum at Cart It is a Cart when drawn by Horses, hath two sides called Trills; but a Wain when drawn by Oxen, and hath a Wain Cope.
1796 W. Marshall Rural Econ. W. Eng. II. 8 A singular kind of two-wheel carriage, for Horses or Oxen, is here [sc. Cornwall] in common use;..it is called a ‘wain’; and it is a hay cart, or wain, without sides: having only two arches bending over the wheels, to keep the load from bearing upon them! with a wince behind.
1835 C. Howard Gen. View Agric. E. Riding Yorks. 4 in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) (1840) III The wain, a large cart upon broad wheels, with a pole, and drawn by a pair of oxen, is much used at Scoreby.
1868 J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. 555 The veritable Wain, now never seen, was a narrow, long-bodied vehicle, with two wheels only, and these at the hinder end. The front or foremost end trailed along the ground.
c. poetic. A car or chariot. Chiefly figurative or in mythological use. In Middle English often applied to the Four Gospels, symbolized as a four-horsed chariot (= Latin quadriga).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > carriage for conveying persons > [noun] > types of carriage > chariot
wainc1175
carc1350
chairc1374
chariotc1374
curre1483
wagon1582
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Pref. l. 21 Þatt waȝȝn iss nemmnedd quaþþrigan Þatt hafeþþ fowwre wheless.
c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 258 See now þe secunde wheel in þis deuelis wayn.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 21264 Four ar þai tald, þe wangelistes, þat draues þe wain þat es cristes.
1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. 630 Wher halved is þe standyng estyval Of fresche Appollo with his golden Wayn.
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Jan. 74 Phœbus gan auaile, His weary waine.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D2v May seeme the wayne was very euill ledd When such an one had guiding of the way, That knew not, whether right he went, or else astray.
1638 R. Baker tr. J. L. G. de Balzac New Epist. III. 86 Not when the Moone accomplishing her way Vpon her silver wayne..presents the day.
1706 D. Defoe Jure Divino xi. 1 [They] Jointly drive the Wain of Government.
1714 Steele's Poet. Misc. 112 He..charm'd the Wain of Night along, With his soft harmonious Song.
1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche ii. xx. 22 They set on high upon the bridal wain Her bed for bier, and yet no corpse thereon.
Proverb.13.. All too Late 7 in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 250 Al to late. al to late. þen is te wayn atte yate.c1420 Wyntoun Cron. i. 640 Than to cry mercy is to lait, The wane þan standis at þe ȝate.
d. A wain-load, wagon-load.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > a load as a quantity > cart- or wagon-load
cart-loada1300
cartful1399
wain-weight15..
job1560
wain1613
trollful1663
wainful1713
wagon-load1721
team1789
wagonful1846
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iv. x. 395 Thither they bring euery yeare an hundred and fiftie waines of twigges.
e. poetic. winged wain, a ship. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel propelled by sail > [noun]
bark1477
sail1517
winged wain1605
sailing-boat1721
sailing-vesselc1748
hogboat1784
sail-boat1798
sail-shipa1850
sailer1871
sailing-ship1871
windjammer1880
windbag1924
windship1934
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 333 The Masters skilfull most, With gentle gales driuen to their wished Coast, Not with lesse labour guide their winged waynes On th'azure fore-head of the liquid plaines.
2. (Now with capital initial.) The group of seven bright stars in the constellation called the Great Bear: more fully Charles's Wain n. Lesser Wain: the similarly shaped group of seven stars in the Little Bear.Old English had wǽnes þísl or þísla, ‘pole or poles of the wain’. With Scott's ‘Arthur's slow wain’ cf. ‘Arthouris Plowe’, Lydg. Chron. Troy i. 682; Arthur here represents Arcturus, regarded as the teamster or wagoner of the plough or wain.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Ursa Major > Charles's Wain
wainc888
Charles's Waina1000
sistersc1425
chariot1555
Triones1594
north car1633
northern car1697
wagon1867
the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Ursa Minor > Lesser Wain
Lesser Wain1669
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxix. §3 Swa swa tunglu..þe we hatað wænes ðisla.
c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iv. met. v. 5 Who so þat.. wot nat why þe sterre Bootes passeþ or gadereþ his weynes.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 248v We iudged them to bee the chariotte or wayne of the south.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vi. xxii. 130 The starres about the North pole, called Septentriones, the Waines or Beares.
1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. vi. 95 The..two Bears..Whose hinder parts and Tails contain The lesser and the greater Wain.
1712 A. Pope tr. Statius First Bk. Thebais in Misc. Poems 36 When Clouds conceal Boötes' golden Wain.
1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel i. xvii. 19 Arthur's slow wain his course doth roll, In utter darkness, round the pole.
1812 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Paradiso xiii. 7 The wain, that, in the bosom of our sky, Spins ever on its axle night and day.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xcix. 152 At noon or when the lesser wain Is twisting round the polar star. View more context for this quotation
1882 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. The-wain-and-horses, sb., Ursa Major.
1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid i, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 105 Bright Arcturus, the showery Hyads, the Bear, and the Wain.
3. A rendering of Latin plaustrum (lit. ‘wagon’) used in the Vulgate for a kind of thrashing instrument with wheels.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [noun] > threshing > machine or device for
waina1382
mill1669
threshing machine1735
threshing mill1768
thrashing machine1771
thresher1778
thrashing mill1790
steamer1898
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xli. 15 I haue set thee as a newe wayn [1609 Douay, a newe threshing wayne] thresshende.
1778 R. Lowth Isaiah xxviii. 27–28 Nor is the wheel of the wain made to turn upon the cummin: But the dill is beaten out with the staff; And the cummin with the flail: but the bread~corn with the threshing-wain.

Compounds

General attributive.
C1. Obvious combinations.
wain-axtree n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1559 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 136 One pare of newe car wheles, both wane ashe tres [etc.].
wain-blade n. (blade n. 10b).
ΚΠ
1557 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 101 A pare of wayne blayds.
wain-body n.
ΚΠ
1390–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 392 In factura unius waynbody, 6d.
wain-cart n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Fij One preached of late not farre hence, in no Pulpet, but in Waayne carte, That spake enough of this.
wain-driver n.
ΚΠ
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Wayne dryuer, iugarius.
wain-felloe n.
ΚΠ
1360 in J. Raine Charters Priory Finchale (1837) p. liii j gange de waine~felies de fraxino.
1558 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 162 Twoo gang of wayne fellowes wth heades & moldeburdes.
wain-folk n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 55 It is a greate furtherance to have one to teame the waines whiles that the wainefolkes are att breakefast.
wain-gear n.
ΚΠ
1538 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 75 All maner of..wayne geir.
1557 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 128 Waynes and wayne geare.
wain-head n. (also attributive.)
ΚΠ
1551 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1902) I. 59 One waynehedeyoke, one bolt and one shakill.
1557 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 101 One yron bound wayne..with wayne hed, [etc.].
1563 in J. C. Hodgson Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1906) III. 28 An yrone bounde wayne with a turne teame and a waine head shakle.
wain-horse n.
ΚΠ
1727 E. Laurence Duty of Steward 71 The Steward should see that the Wain-Horses and Oxen be muzzled, to prevent their cropping the young Springs.
1800 J. Hurdis Favorite Village ii. 57 The stout wain-horse of encumbrance stript.
wain-load n.
ΚΠ
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 101v An other [oak] in an other place, that being cutte out, made a hundred Wayne lode.
1700 O. Heywood Autobiogr., Diaries, Anecd. & Event Bks. (1885) IV. 238 A wainload of timber, 8 oxen and an horse.
wain-wheel n.
ΚΠ
1559 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 136 One pare of newe waine wheles.
C2. Special combinations.
wain-beam n. Obsolete the pole of a wagon (used to translate Latin temo).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole
thillc1325
limber1480
sway1535
neap1553
draught-tree1580
wain-beam1589
beam1600
fills1609
spire1609
foreteam?1611
verge1611
shaft1613
rangy1657
pole1683
thrill1688
trill1688
rod1695
range1702
neb1710
sharp1733
tram1766
carriage pole1767
sill1787
tongue1792
nib1808
dissel-boom1822
tongue-tree1829
reach1869
wain-stang1876
1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks iii. 42 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Bucoliks Let it creake afterwards, and let the brasen wainbeame strong Draw both the wheels together ioind.
1650 tr. J. A. Comenius Janua Linguarum Reserata Foundat. T 9 One overcom with wine guid's the wain-beam [L. temonem] rashly.
wain-clout n. Obsolete the iron covering for the axle-tree of a wagon (see clout n.2 2).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > covering for axle-tree
cart-clout1446
wain-clout1454
cloutc1485
1454 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 149 ij wayneclowtez.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. iiii [The] whelys..must haue an axyltre clout with eight wayne cloutes of yron.
1596 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 259 v teames, ij horse-teames.., vij wayne cloutes [etc.].
wain-cope n. Obsolete (see quot. and cope n.4, cop n.4).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > part to which animals are yoked
wain-cope1688
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 339/2 The waine Cop, that part which the hinder Oxen are yoked unto to draw the Waine.
1704 Dict. Rusticum at Cart The Wain-Cope, is a long piece that comes out from the Wain-body, to which Oxen are fastned.
wain-flakes n. [= Middle Low German wagenvleke] dialect the movable side-boards of a wagon, used to increase its carrying capacity.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > body > plank or rail > to increase capacity
cart-staff1297
thripple14..
rathe1459
summer1510
cart-ladder?1523
rail1530
rave1530
shelboard1569
wain-flakes1570
load-pina1642
shelvingsa1642
cop1679
float1686
lade1686
outrigger1794
shelvement1808
sideboard1814
heck1825
hay-rigging1855
floating rail1892
1570 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 101 In the yard and parke..a pare of wayne fleaks.
1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Wainfleeaks, the moveable side-boards of the waggon, adapted to heighten it.
wain-fork n. Obsolete a fork used in the loading of a wagon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > fork > pitch-fork
pikeforkc1275
shakefork1338
pickfork1349
pitchfork1364
pikea1398
bicornec1420
hay-fork1552
shed-fork1559
straw-fork1573
pikel1602
sheppeck1602
corn-pike1611
wain-forka1642
pick1777
pickle1847
peak1892
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 48 Allowinge to each waine two folkes, viz. a forker and a loader; and theire implements which they are to carry to field with them is a waineforke and a wainerake. Theire waineforke should bee in length aboute two yards and a quarter.
wain-gate n.1 [gate n.1] Obsolete a gate for wains to pass through.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > opening which may be passed through > gate or gateway > for vehicles of specific kind
wain-gate1596
porte-cochère1698
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > for wheeled vehicles > for carts
cart-way1362
wain-way1579
cart-gate1594
wain-gate1596
cart-road1607
wagon-road1748
wagon-way1764
1596 in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1601, 414/1 Cum lie cairt and wane gait ad easdem [moras].
c1680 in Sussex Archaeol. Coll. (1849) 2 108 Richard Butcher..took out of ye highway well nigh an acre of land, and made an enclosure of it, and set up a wean gate and horse gate.
wain-gate n.2 [gate n.2] Obsolete a cart-track, wagon-road.
ΚΠ
1661 Reg. Great Seal Scotl. 18/2 Therefra alongst ane old waingate till you come to the Seggiesyke.
wain-house n. obsolete exc. dialect a wagon-house, cart-shed.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun] > cart- or coach house
cart-house1483
wain-house1569
wagon-house1648
coach-house1679
remise1698
chaise-house1812
carriage house1883
cart-lodge1888
1569 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1857) I. 34 With other out howses as followith..the furmost barne..the wayn howse [etc.].
1791 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 116/1 After supper, the company all attend the bailiff (or head of the oxen) to the Wain-house.
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Wain-house, wagon house or cart house.
wain-money n. Obsolete ? tolls collected from wains ( Eng. Dial. Dict.).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > toll for passing through > [noun] > by wheeled vehicles
wheelage1611
wain-money1626
1626 Gateshead Church Bks. (E.D.D.) Recaved of the hie ward ffor wane money, 16s.
wain-rake n. Obsolete a rake used in the loading of a wagon with hay, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > rake > hay-rake
hay-crome1599
wain-rakea1642
hay-rake1725
hell-rake1794
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 48 Theire wainerakes have (for the most part) theire shaftes made of saugh, theire heads of seasoned Ashe, and theire teeth of iron.
wain-shackle n. Obsolete ? a coupling for a wagon (see shackle n.1 6a).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > coupling
shackle1343
wain-shackle1559
head block1851
wagon-coupling1875
thill-coupling1877
1559 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 136 iij waine shackles.
wain-stang n. dialect the projecting pole of a cart on either side of which oxen or horses may be yoked.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole
thillc1325
limber1480
sway1535
neap1553
draught-tree1580
wain-beam1589
beam1600
fills1609
spire1609
foreteam?1611
verge1611
shaft1613
rangy1657
pole1683
thrill1688
trill1688
rod1695
range1702
neb1710
sharp1733
tram1766
carriage pole1767
sill1787
tongue1792
nib1808
dissel-boom1822
tongue-tree1829
reach1869
wain-stang1876
1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Wainstang, the pole projecting in front of the wagon for carrying stone blocks.
wain-string n. Obsolete ? = wain-rope n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [noun] > harness of draught animal > traces
tracec1350
side rope1370
wain-rope1371
trace14..
soam1404
pintrace1440
side-trace1445
wain-string1464
theats1496
treat1611
trek-tow1822
trace-chain1844
tug-strap1882
trek-rope1883
trace-rope1900
1464 in W. Greenwell Feodarium Prioratus Dunelmensis (1872) 120 1 cowpe-wayne cum waynstrynges, precium iij.s.
wain-stroke n. Obsolete a curved segment forming part of the iron rim or tire of a wagon wheel (cf. stroke n.4).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [noun] > parts of vehicle moving on wheels > wheel > rim > section of
strake1330
tire1485
wain-stroke1596
stroke1688
tire-iron1852
1596 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 259 vij wayne cloutes, ij hay spades,..a wayne stroke [etc.].
wain-trees n. dialect the axle-beams supporting the wagon.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > frame of cart or carriage > other frame timbers
sheth1496
summer?1523
everingsa1642
hoop-stick1794
nunter1794
transom1794
wain-trees1876
horn-bar1879
1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Waintrees, the axle-beams supporting the wagon.
wain-way n. Obsolete a wagon-road.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > for wheeled vehicles > for carts
cart-way1362
wain-way1579
cart-gate1594
wain-gate1596
cart-road1607
wagon-road1748
wagon-way1764
1579 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 189 The whene waye goinge vpp they hill.
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 40 The waine way into this close is aboute the middle of Pinder lane wheare yow are to pull downe a gappe.
wain-weight n. Obsolete ? a wagon-load.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > amount defined by capacity > [noun] > a load as a quantity > cart- or wagon-load
cart-loada1300
cartful1399
wain-weight15..
job1560
wain1613
trollful1663
wainful1713
wagon-load1721
team1789
wagonful1846
15.. in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 241 Item of a wayne weicht of leid, that is to say xxiiij futemellis, iiij d.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

wainn.2

Forms: Middle English wayne, Middle English wayn.
Etymology: < Old French wain (masculine), waaigne (feminine), dialect variants of gain , gaaigne : see gain n.2
Obsolete.
1. Profit, advantage.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun]
fremea700
redeeOE
noteeOE
goodOE
goodnessOE
framec1175
winc1175
bihevec1230
behoofc1275
advantagec1300
prowc1300
wellc1300
wainc1315
profita1325
bewaynec1375
vantagec1380
goodshipc1390
prewa1400
steada1400
benefice1426
vailc1430
utilityc1440
of availc1450
prevaila1460
fordeal1470
winning1477
encherishingc1480
benefit1512
booty1581
emolument1633
handhold1655
withgate1825
cui bono1836
c1315 Shoreham Poems i. 2207 Þe fyfte, þat hys Elyynge, Cryst onleke to oure wayne.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 43 Him ne dret naȝt to done..grat harm to oþren uor a lite wayn oþer uor ureme to him.
2. Conquest, possession gained by conquest; also, booty, spoil.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > conquering or defeating
vanquishinga1325
conquestc1325
wainc1330
conqueringa1340
overcoming1340
conquest1384
expugnation1429
reduction1429
profligationc1475
debellation1526
defeating1536
conquessingc1550
conquesting1555
vanquishment1593
conquerment1597
eviction1602
reducement1609
debellatinga1626
debelling1651
triumphingc1850
lathering1865
society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > conquering or defeating > that gained by conquest
wainc1330
conquesec1375
conquest1393
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [noun] > spoil or plunder > taken in war or raid
here-fengc1275
preya1325
wainc1330
spoila1340
ravinc1350
spoila1382
pillagea1393
forayc1425
booty1474
trophya1522
prize1522
sackage1609
boot-haling1622
free-booty1623
plunder1647
capture1706
loot1839
sack1859
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 1481 Þeyr fflote wyþ al þer wayne Turnede fro þe lond of Spaigne.
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 1857 Albion was Brutes wayne, Þerfore he dide hit calle Brutayne.
1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 257 We rede ȝe sende to þe kyng of Almayn, & ȝour londes to defende, & reue Philip his wayn.
1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 297 Þe Scottis bare þam wele, Þe Waleis had þe wayn, als maistere of þat eschele.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

wainn.3

Forms: In Middle English wayn(e, wayyn.
Etymology: Of obscure origin.
Obsolete.
A hem, border.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > bordering or edging
fasc950
wloc950
hemc1000
hemminga1300
borderc1374
mill1388
purfling1388
orphrey?a1425
wainc1440
millc1450
selvage1481
edge1502
bordering1530
screed1788
German hemming1838
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 513/2 Wayne, of a garlement [v.r. wayn, wayyn, Pynson of a garment], lacinia.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

wainv.

Forms: Middle English Orm. waȝȝnenn, Middle English vayne, Middle English–1500s wayne, 1500s waine, 1600s wein.
Etymology: < wain n.1
Obsolete.
1. transitive. To transport in a wain or carriage.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport or convey in a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > by wheeled vehicle > by cart or carriage
wainc1175
cartc1440
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5909 Þær iss þe laferrd crist himm sellf. & tiderr iss he waȝȝnedd. Vpp o þatt hallȝhe waȝȝn.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Pref. l. 37 Goddspell forr þatt illke þing Iss currus salomoniss. Forr þatt itt..Waȝȝneþþ soþ crist fra land to land.
1531–2 in J. Raine Durham Househ. Bk. (1844) 62 Pro navigacione ultra aquam cum le waynnyng 1 but malvaseti, 6 d.
1606 W. Birnie Blame of Kirk-buriall vii. sig. C1v Before that by the Libitinarian cure the dead was weind, the pollinctors inbalmed,..the corps of the great.
1822 J. Hogg Kilmeny in Poet. Wks. I. 184 But so swift they wained her through the light, 'Twas like the motion of sound or sight.
2.
a. To carry, bring, convey.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > convey or transport
fangOE
flitc1175
convey1393
wainc1400
transport1483
traduce1535
port1566
society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > show (the way) [verb (transitive)] > accompany as a guide
leada900
conduec1330
conductc1400
convey14..
condc1460
conducec1475
convoyc1480
carrya1522
wain1540
train1549
marshal1590
gallant1806
usha1824
trot1888
get1984
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2459 Ho wayned me þis wonder, your wytteȝ to reue.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 249 What wyrde has hyder my iuel vayned.
1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus iii. ii. sig. Oij Pamphagus wold wayne or bring no geste to Sannios howse, but he were riche.
1557 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandrie sig. C.ii Then neighbour..if any such bee: if you know a good seruant, waine [1570 wane] her to mee.
b. ? To bring a report of.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > reporting > report [verb (intransitive)]
again-tella1382
to make reportc1425
reportc1425
wainc1540
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11520 He couet at the kyng,..Eneas eftsones þat erend for to wend..All þere wille for to wete & wayne at þe last.
3. intransitive. To go, rush. [Perhaps a different word: compare Old Norse vegna to proceed, go on.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > progressive motion > move along [verb (intransitive)]
goeOE
lithec900
nimOE
fare971
shakeOE
strikea1000
gangOE
gengOE
seekc1000
glidea1275
wevec1300
hove1390
drevea1400
sway?a1400
wainc1540
discoursea1547
yede1563
trot1612
to get along1683
locomove1792
locomote1831
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7621 A thondir with a thicke Rayn thrublit in þe skewes,..As neuer water fro the welkyn hade waynit before.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7655 Ector, wrathed at his wordis, waynit at the kyng, þat he gird to þe ground and the gost yald.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13796 [Ho] Waynyt vp to the welkyn, as a wan clowde.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1c725n.2c1315n.3c1440v.c1175
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