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单词 acold
释义

acoldadj.

Brit. /əˈkəʊld/, U.S. /əˈkoʊld/
Forms: Middle English acoild, Middle English acoold, Middle English–1500s acolde, Middle English– acold, 1600s acould; English regional 1800s– acaowd (Worcestershire), 1800s– acawld (southern), 1800s– acoolde (southern).
Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or (ii) formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: a prep.1, cold n.; English *acold , acolded , acold v.
Etymology: Either < a prep.1 + cold n. or < *acold, assimilated variant of acolded, past participle of acold v. Compare cold adj.The form acoild in quot. c1330 is difficult to account for.
Now rare (poetic and regional in later use).
Cool, chilled; cold. Chiefly in predicative use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > [adjective]
chealdc1000
coldc1290
acoldc1330
key-cold1529
winterly1547
coldrycke1552
bleaka1616
algid1623
gelid1659
unwarm1694
achill1858
cold as charity1864
parky1886
chillsome1927
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 650 Al to michel þou art afoild, Now þi blod it is acoild.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. 247 (MED) He withoute..Be nyhte stant fulofte acold.
a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 2658 Full yvel a-coold, in wynd and reyn.
1461 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 271 It begynyth to wax a cold abydyng her.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. v. 64 He beheld where satte an olde knight that was sore acolde.
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes ii. iii. f. 54v Who haue nede eyther of meate when we be hungry, or drynke when we be thirstie, or clothyng when we be a colde.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 191 Alwaies burning and euer chill a colde.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xi. 52 Toms a cold . View more context for this quotation
1660 Col. Baker Blazing-star 3 The Polish Nose is brave and bold, And the Russes Nose is oft acold.
1744 B. Franklin Papers (1960) II. 425 All they purpos'd was to have a Place to make a Fire in, by which they might warm themselves when acold.
1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 83 The owl for all his feathers was a-cold.
1845 Knickerbocker 26 47 He must be a-cold. Make him a good warm toddy.
1863 A. B. Grosart Small Sins (ed. 2) 90 Their a-cold breath blights the fragile blossoms.
1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 341 Before the sun of that day grew acold.
1948 E. Pound Pisan Cantos lxxi. 111 Ere the season died a-cold.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

acoldv.

Forms: see a- prefix1 and cold v.; also late Middle English accold.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Saxon akaldon (intransitive) to become cold, Old High German irkaltōn (intransitive) to become cold (also irkaltēn ; Middle High German erkalten , German erkalten ) < the Germanic base of or- prefix (compare a- prefix1) + the Germanic base of cold v. With transitive use compare Middle High German erkelten (transitive) to make cold (German erkälten , now only in reflexive use ‘to catch a cold’). Compare acool v.
Obsolete.
1. intransitive. To become cold; (figurative) to decline in ardour, to cool off. Cf. acool v. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > be cold [verb (intransitive)] > become cold
acoldeOE
acooleOE
coldOE
keldea1300
akelec1380
refreidc1384
chillc1400
keel1450
refrigerate1559
frigefy1599
unwarm1826
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) lviii. 447 Swa swa ðæt cealde ærest onginð wlacian, ær hit ful wearm weorðe, swa eac ðæt wearme wlacað, ær hit eallunga acealdige [L. reditur ad frigus].
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxxv. 483 He læg acealdod on nyþeweardum lymum, on þam breoste anum orþode þa gyt se gast.
?c1400 Erthe upon Erthe (St. John's Cambr.) st. 2 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1919) 138 58 (MED) Whan..erþe in erþe sone so a-colde, How may erþe in erþe be bolde.
c1450 T. Wimbledon Serm. (Hatton) 24 Þe syknesse of þe world þu schalt knowe bi charyte acoldyng.
2. transitive. To make cold; to chill. Also figurative. Cf. acool v. 2. archaic and historical in later use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > make cold [verb (transitive)] > cool
keelc825
akeleeOE
acool?a1200
acolda1250
coola1400
quencha1400
refroid1477
wear1674
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 183 Idel a coaldeð & acwenceð þis fur.
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 202 (MED) Fleume..acoldiþ þe ioynctis & makiþ hem moist.
a1425 Of Mynystris in Chirche (Bodl. 788) in T. Arnold Sel. Eng. Wks. J. Wyclif (1871) II. 399 (MED) Siche breþeren þat han her charite a cooldid and wanten love of Goddis lawe.
?c1450 in G. Müller Aus Mittelengl. Medizintexten (1929) 37 (MED) Whanne þat a man felyth nowght hys owyn lymis þat ben acoldyd.
a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 96 When this knyght þat was accolded (& hit was grete froste) & he saw þe fyre, he descendid of his horse.
1883 J. Stevenson tr. C. Nau Hist. Mary Stewart Pref. p. clxxiii The feeling excited by this act of spoliation was very general, and ‘acolded so many of their stomachs’, that Moray thought it well to obtain the authority of Parliament.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.c1330v.eOE
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