viziern.

Brit.

/vɪˈzɪə/,

/ˈvɪzɪə/,

/ˈvɪzjə/, U.S.

/vəˈzɪ(ə)r/

Forms: α. 1500s (plural) vesiri, 1600s vesir, 1600s–1800s vezir; 1500s–1700s visir (1700s wizir), 1500s–1800s vizir; 1800s vizeer, vuzeer. β. 1500s vizeare, 1600s vizear, viseire, visere, visciere, vizeere, 1600s–1800s visier (1600s visiar), 1600s– vizier. γ. 1600s viser, vizer, visur.

Etymology: < Turkish vezīr, < Arabic wazīr , wezīr , originally a porter, hence one who bears the burden of government, a minister or lieutenant of a king, < wazara to carry, carry on. Compare French visir , vizir , Spanish visir , Portuguese visir , vizir , Italian visire . See also alguazil n.

Now historical.

a. In the Turkish empire, Persia, and certain other Muslim countries: a high state official or minister, frequently one invested with vice-regal authority; a governor or viceroy of a province (now historical). Subsequently: the chief minister of the sovereign (see sense 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > vizier or grand vizier

vizier1562

prime viziera1597

wazir1715

α.

1562 J. Shute tr. in Two Comm. Turcks ii. f. 13^v The Turcke called vnto him, all his consellours called in the Turckishe tonge, Uesiri, & also his Bassas.

1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 377 The Vezirs are Counsellors of State.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo 12 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors The Governour of the City hath the quality of Sulthan, and hath under him, not a Calenter, but a Visir or Secretary.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 371 The conversation he had with a Persian Visir.

1728 J. Morgan Compl. Hist. Algiers I. vi. 170 Abou Yezid, his ambitious and too powerful Wizir, or Prime Minister, revolted.

1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. xxxii. 215 He immediately ordered his Vizir to take me up behind him.

1763 L. Scrafton Refl. Govt. Indostan (1770) 47 The march of Monsur Ally Caun, Visir of the empire, into the province of Bahar.

1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul v. ii. 518 This rule was departed from by Shauh Zemaun, who made a Suddozye vizier.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. vi. i. 9 His vizír..had been long in one of the highest employments under the calif.

1847 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 299/2 The Vuzeer Lall Singh..has been deposed... Unable to select a Vuzeer from among their own number [etc.].

1909 Athenæum 4 Sept. 262/3 It was..the rivalry of jealous vezirs that invited the interference of Nur-ad-din.

γ. 1599 [see sense 1b]. 1603 [see sense 1b]. 1613 A. Sherley Relation Trav. Persia 47 The place of the Viseire comprehending in it, the office of Chancellor, and high Treasurer.a1630 F. Moryson in Shakespeare's Europe (1903) i. i. 21 The Visers or Viceroyes residing in Constantinople being 4. of old, were 7 at this tyme.1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 28 Nassuf Bashaw, the Visier and Generall to Sultan Achmat.1696 tr. J. Dumont New Voy. Levant xiv. 177 The seven Visiers of the Bench brought up the Rear of this Magnificent Troop.1707 London Gaz. No. 4363/1 The Janisaries have depos'd the Grand Seignior, and set his Nephew upon the Throne, who..is to act under the Direction of Four Visiers during his Minority.1722 London Gaz. No. 6023/1 The Venetian Bailo has not yet been with the Vizier.1786 E. Burke Articles of Charge against W. Hastings in Wks. XI. 371 A certain prince called Sujah ul Dowla, Nabob of Oude, and Vizier of the empire.1819 T. Hope Anastasius I. Notes 331 All Pashas, before whom are carried the three horse-tails, have the title of Visier.1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 369 In a great council of Viziers and Ulemas assembled at the house of Scheik-ul-Islam.1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 268/1 The office of vizier, which spread from the Arabs to the Persians, Turks, Mongols, and other Oriental peoples, arose under the first Abbasid caliphs.in extended use.1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair li. 454 His lordship's vizier and chief confidential servant..Mr. Wenham.

†b. With the title bashaw added or prefixed. (See quot. 1819 at sense 1aγ. above). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1599 T. Dallam Diary in J. T. Bent Early Voy. Levant (1893) i. 60 Our imbassader Delivered a presente to the Vizeare Basha at his house.

1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 57 When the counsell hath sitten seauen or eight houres, the Bassa visur maketh true relation to the Prince, of all that hath bene handled.

1648 W. L. Newes from Tvrkie 25 A translate of the Imperiall Commandement, directed to the Vizeere-Bassa of Egypt.

c. transferred. One holding a position analogous to that of a Muslim vizier; a vicegerent, viceroy, or chief minister.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state

prime minister1655

first minister1657

premier1675

premier ministera1678

vizier1709

Katikkiro1866

1709 J. Swift Project Advancem. Relig. 48 The arbitrary Will of an unlimited Monarch or his Visier.

1820 P. B. Shelley Œdipus Tyrannus ii. 39 Emperors, kings, and priests and lords, Who rule by viziers, sceptres, banknotes, words.

1869 G. Rawlinson Man. Anc. Hist. 211 Perdiccas' own office [in Macedonia] was that of vizier or prime minister.

a. grand vizier (also formerly chief vizier, great vizier, head vizier, or prime vizier), the chief minister or administrator of a Muslim ruler, esp. of the Sultan of Turkey.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > vizier or grand vizier

vizier1562

prime viziera1597

wazir1715

(a)

a1597 R. Wrag in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) II. i. 305 This reconciliation with the great Vizir thus made [etc.].

a1597 R. Wrag in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) II. i. 304 At the departure of Sinan Bassa the chiefe Vizir..there was another Bassa appointed in his place.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 44 Aladin..dying, Sahib the head Vezir vsurped the soueraigntie.

1686 tr. J. Chardin Trav. Persia 16 The High Dignity of Prime Vizier.

1825 Arab. Nts. II. 240 The King was at that time in discourse with his prime vizier.

(b)1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ iii. xxi. 83 By the advice of his grand Visier..he intended to erect a new Souldiery in Asia about Damasco.1650 J. Howell Instr. Forren Travell (new ed.) App. 135 Neither the Gran Visiar, or the Emperour Himselfe will question his [i.e. the Mufti's] sentence.1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 63 He hath his chief Minister, who is the Grand Visier; for he hath commonly seven Visiers, whereof the first hath all the Authority and does all.1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 137 When the grand Vizir takes the field, the Mufti generally makes him such a valuable present.1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. (at cited word) The Grand Vizir possesses great powers, especially with regard to military affairs.1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years II. 205 To save Syria, perhaps Constantinople, Mahmoud turns to his grand vizier, Reschid Mehemet.1881 P. D. Trotter Our Mission Court Marocco xiii. 191 The Grand Vizier,..together with his colleagues, looked as black as thunder.1897 Whitaker's Almanack 561/1 Morocco, Empire of. Sultan.., Grand Vizier..Minister of For. Affairs.

b. transferred.

ΚΠ

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xi. 13 They would rather..be subject to an usurper like Oliver,..than to a legitimate King who referred them to a Grand Vizier.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as vizier-craft, vizier-slave.

ΚΠ

1833 Edinb. Rev. 57 141 Into whatever untried vanities of being Faust and his Vizier-slave may pass.

1880 G. Meredith Tragic Comedians I. vii. 150 He is for kingcraft to match his viziercraft.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1920; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	vizier
释义	viziern. Brit. /vɪˈzɪə/, /ˈvɪzɪə/, /ˈvɪzjə/, U.S. /vəˈzɪ(ə)r/ Forms: α. 1500s (plural) vesiri, 1600s vesir, 1600s–1800s vezir; 1500s–1700s visir (1700s wizir), 1500s–1800s vizir; 1800s vizeer, vuzeer. β. 1500s vizeare, 1600s vizear, viseire, visere, visciere, vizeere, 1600s–1800s visier (1600s visiar), 1600s– vizier. γ. 1600s viser, vizer, visur. Etymology: < Turkish vezīr, < Arabic wazīr , wezīr , originally a porter, hence one who bears the burden of government, a minister or lieutenant of a king, < wazara to carry, carry on. Compare French visir , vizir , Spanish visir , Portuguese visir , vizir , Italian visire . See also alguazil n. Now historical. 1. a. In the Turkish empire, Persia, and certain other Muslim countries: a high state official or minister, frequently one invested with vice-regal authority; a governor or viceroy of a province (now historical). Subsequently: the chief minister of the sovereign (see sense 2). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > vizier or grand vizier vizier1562 prime viziera1597 wazir1715 α. 1562 J. Shute tr. in Two Comm. Turcks ii. f. 13^v The Turcke called vnto him, all his consellours called in the Turckishe tonge, Uesiri, & also his Bassas. 1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 377 The Vezirs are Counsellors of State. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo 12 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors The Governour of the City hath the quality of Sulthan, and hath under him, not a Calenter, but a Visir or Secretary. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 371 The conversation he had with a Persian Visir. 1728 J. Morgan Compl. Hist. Algiers I. vi. 170 Abou Yezid, his ambitious and too powerful Wizir, or Prime Minister, revolted. 1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. xxxii. 215 He immediately ordered his Vizir to take me up behind him. 1763 L. Scrafton Refl. Govt. Indostan (1770) 47 The march of Monsur Ally Caun, Visir of the empire, into the province of Bahar. 1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul v. ii. 518 This rule was departed from by Shauh Zemaun, who made a Suddozye vizier. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. vi. i. 9 His vizír..had been long in one of the highest employments under the calif. 1847 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 299/2 The Vuzeer Lall Singh..has been deposed... Unable to select a Vuzeer from among their own number [etc.]. 1909 Athenæum 4 Sept. 262/3 It was..the rivalry of jealous vezirs that invited the interference of Nur-ad-din. γ. 1599 [see sense 1b]. 1603 [see sense 1b]. 1613 A. Sherley Relation Trav. Persia 47 The place of the Viseire comprehending in it, the office of Chancellor, and high Treasurer.a1630 F. Moryson in Shakespeare's Europe (1903) i. i. 21 The Visers or Viceroyes residing in Constantinople being 4. of old, were 7 at this tyme.1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 28 Nassuf Bashaw, the Visier and Generall to Sultan Achmat.1696 tr. J. Dumont New Voy. Levant xiv. 177 The seven Visiers of the Bench brought up the Rear of this Magnificent Troop.1707 London Gaz. No. 4363/1 The Janisaries have depos'd the Grand Seignior, and set his Nephew upon the Throne, who..is to act under the Direction of Four Visiers during his Minority.1722 London Gaz. No. 6023/1 The Venetian Bailo has not yet been with the Vizier.1786 E. Burke Articles of Charge against W. Hastings in Wks. XI. 371 A certain prince called Sujah ul Dowla, Nabob of Oude, and Vizier of the empire.1819 T. Hope Anastasius I. Notes 331 All Pashas, before whom are carried the three horse-tails, have the title of Visier.1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 369 In a great council of Viziers and Ulemas assembled at the house of Scheik-ul-Islam.1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 268/1 The office of vizier, which spread from the Arabs to the Persians, Turks, Mongols, and other Oriental peoples, arose under the first Abbasid caliphs.in extended use.1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair li. 454 His lordship's vizier and chief confidential servant..Mr. Wenham. †b. With the title bashaw added or prefixed. (See quot. 1819 at sense 1aγ. above). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1599 T. Dallam Diary in J. T. Bent Early Voy. Levant (1893) i. 60 Our imbassader Delivered a presente to the Vizeare Basha at his house. 1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 57 When the counsell hath sitten seauen or eight houres, the Bassa visur maketh true relation to the Prince, of all that hath bene handled. 1648 W. L. Newes from Tvrkie 25 A translate of the Imperiall Commandement, directed to the Vizeere-Bassa of Egypt. c. transferred. One holding a position analogous to that of a Muslim vizier; a vicegerent, viceroy, or chief minister. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > first minister of a ruler or state prime minister1655 first minister1657 premier1675 premier ministera1678 vizier1709 Katikkiro1866 1709 J. Swift Project Advancem. Relig. 48 The arbitrary Will of an unlimited Monarch or his Visier. 1820 P. B. Shelley Œdipus Tyrannus ii. 39 Emperors, kings, and priests and lords, Who rule by viziers, sceptres, banknotes, words. 1869 G. Rawlinson Man. Anc. Hist. 211 Perdiccas' own office [in Macedonia] was that of vizier or prime minister. 2. a. grand vizier (also formerly chief vizier, great vizier, head vizier, or prime vizier), the chief minister or administrator of a Muslim ruler, esp. of the Sultan of Turkey. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > vizier or grand vizier vizier1562 prime viziera1597 wazir1715 (a) a1597 R. Wrag in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) II. i. 305 This reconciliation with the great Vizir thus made [etc.]. a1597 R. Wrag in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) II. i. 304 At the departure of Sinan Bassa the chiefe Vizir..there was another Bassa appointed in his place. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 44 Aladin..dying, Sahib the head Vezir vsurped the soueraigntie. 1686 tr. J. Chardin Trav. Persia 16 The High Dignity of Prime Vizier. 1825 Arab. Nts. II. 240 The King was at that time in discourse with his prime vizier. (b)1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ iii. xxi. 83 By the advice of his grand Visier..he intended to erect a new Souldiery in Asia about Damasco.1650 J. Howell Instr. Forren Travell (new ed.) App. 135 Neither the Gran Visiar, or the Emperour Himselfe will question his [i.e. the Mufti's] sentence.1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 63 He hath his chief Minister, who is the Grand Visier; for he hath commonly seven Visiers, whereof the first hath all the Authority and does all.1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 137 When the grand Vizir takes the field, the Mufti generally makes him such a valuable present.1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. (at cited word) The Grand Vizir possesses great powers, especially with regard to military affairs.1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years II. 205 To save Syria, perhaps Constantinople, Mahmoud turns to his grand vizier, Reschid Mehemet.1881 P. D. Trotter Our Mission Court Marocco xiii. 191 The Grand Vizier,..together with his colleagues, looked as black as thunder.1897 Whitaker's Almanack 561/1 Morocco, Empire of. Sultan.., Grand Vizier..Minister of For. Affairs. b. transferred. ΚΠ 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xi. 13 They would rather..be subject to an usurper like Oliver,..than to a legitimate King who referred them to a Grand Vizier. Compounds attributive and in other combinations, as vizier-craft, vizier-slave. ΚΠ 1833 Edinb. Rev. 57 141 Into whatever untried vanities of being Faust and his Vizier-slave may pass. 1880 G. Meredith Tragic Comedians I. vii. 150 He is for kingcraft to match his viziercraft. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1920; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1562
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