单词 | wale |
释义 | walen.1ΚΠ 1024 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 31 Of ðam beorge suþ on ða ealdan wale, swa on corf getes westran cotan of ðam cotan suþ be wale on ðære dice hyrnan. 1045 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 98 Ofer ðone hæðfeld in stanwale; andlang ðære wale on ðone portweg. 1045 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. V. 334 On ða eastlangan dicwale. 2. a. The mark or ridge raised on the flesh by the blow of a rod, lash, or the like. = weal n.2The form weal, now more usual, is due to confusion with wheal n.1 a pustule, swelling, which is often misused for wale. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > mark of blow > weal walea1100 stripec1440 yedderc1440 scrat1542 wipe1594 whelka1761 wheal1811 weal1821 wealing1902 a1100 Aldhelm Glosses in A. S. Napier Old Eng Glosses (1900) 3466 Uibices. i. uerbera, walan. a1100 Aldhelm Glosses in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 4487 Uibices, wala. a1100 Aldhelm Glosses in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 4759 Uibice, wale. a1100 Aldhelm Glosses in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 5365 Asperæ inuectionis, stiþra wala. c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) ii. lxxiv. 103 J keepe him that he haue no peyne and that ther be no wales in the hondes. c1450 Mirk's Festial 113 Saynt Barnard yn Cristys person..sayth þus:..I haue my body for thy loue full of gret walus. ?1511 R. Whittington Opusculum Affabre Recognitum sig. Avij Vibex, a wale [1523 adds of a rodde]. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 286/1 Wall of a strype, enfleure. 1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. i. 8 Shall then that foule infamous Cyneds hide Laugh at the purple wales of others side? 1610 Bible (Douay) II. Isa. liii. 5 With the waile of his stripe [L. livore ejus] we are healed. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads ii. 232 He..strooke, his backe and shoulders so, That bloody wales rose. 1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 101 Ye shall have him as proud of the Wales on his Back, as a Holy-Land Pilgrim is of a Jerusalem-Print. 1795 M. Underwood Treat. Dis. Children (ed. 3) I. 102 The..lower limbs..are found covered with large wales, resembling those arising from the sting of nettles. 1867 E. B. Pusey Eleven Addr. (1908) vi. 65 The traces of the Crown of thorns,..the wales of the scourges. 1868 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. I. 384 His back was striped with the wales of such frequent scourging. ΚΠ 1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. B3 What, what, latine in the mouth of a plaine fellow? Nay I wot neere, but it hath left behind it a wale in my throate like a strange bodylouse in an vnknowne pasture. 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Wale, (9) A tumour or large swelling. Kent. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. 3. a. Textiles. A ridge or raised line (consisting of a thread or threads) in a textile fabric; also collective with epithet, as indicating the texture of a particular fabric. Cf. waled adj.1 and wale v.1 ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > texture of wale1583 fabric1758 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > ribbed or corded > rib or cord wale1583 cord1875 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. D7v To lay downe the wooll so close, as you can hardly see any wale. 1604 ‘W. Terilo’ Piece of Friar Bacons Prophesie xxxiv. C 2 b A Hose with a good waile. 1607 T. Middleton Michaelmas Terme ii. sig. D2v By my troth exceeding good cloath, a good wale t'as. 1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura v. 120 It does not at all concern the tissue, Tenor or range of the Threads and Wales (as they call them) which is easily imitated. 1668 T. Rokeby Let. 28 Sept. in Brief Mem. (1861) 16 My wife desires to fix you either to a farandine or a mohaire with a small weale [for a gown]. 1675 Let. fr. E.I. Co. to Factors Fort St. George Dec. (MS.) Theis Musters You now Sent Us appeare to be all Taffety Wale. 1684 J. Haskins Brit. Patent 241 (1857) 1 Lines or creases resembling the Wale of Tabby or Mohaire. 1696 J. F. Merchant's Ware-house 13 A sort of Callico-Dimetty..Wove with a Wale like a plain Dimetty. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Wale, a rising part in the surface of cloth. 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Wale, in cloth, a ridge or streak rising above the rest. We say, cloth is wove with a wale. 1886 S. W. Beck Draper's Dict. Wale, a ridge on the surface of cloth. b. transferred. A stripe (of colour). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > variegation > stripiness > [noun] > stripe rayc1330 strake1398 list1496 spraing1513 vein1539 guard1579 stripe1626 striping1677 strip1789 wale1891 1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles xlvi, in Graphic 21 Nov. 602/2 The wide acreage of blank agricultural brownness..was beginning to be striped in wales of darker brown, gradually broadening to ribands. 4. Nautical. a. A piece of timber extending horizontally round the top of the sides of a boat; the gunwale. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > planking > each continuous line of planking > uppermost walec1330 wale-stock1350 gunwale1466 port-last1612 planeshearc1620 planksheeringa1687 portoise1705 wale-piece1739 sheer-strake1805 sheer-wale1805 planksheer1827 sheer1841 covering-board1846 wale-streak1856 waling-piece1909 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 12062 Cordes, kyuiles, atached þe wale. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 740 Wyghtly one the wale thay wye vp thaire ankers. c1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine 642 As with-inne the wale Of a stronge ship a man is bore a-loft. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 514/1 Wale, of a schyppe, ratis. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 258 Her on the waill ner by the I sall stand. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. iv. 76 With sa strang rowthis apon athir waill, The mychty kervell schudderit at euery straik. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 286/1 Wall of a shyppe. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 251 Scho was ten fute thik in the waill. 1704 B. Church Let. 5 Feb. in Entertaining Passages Philip's War (1716) ii. 100 That..upon the Wail of each [Whale-]Boat five pieces of strong Leather be fastened on each side. 1709 London Gaz. No. 4510/7 The Hoy Burthen 9 or 10 Tun,..with a clean Tail, a rounding Wale. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 405/1 Describe the curve TMS to represent the sheer or extreme height of the side [of a long boat], which in a ship would be called the..upper edge of the wale. 1857 P. M. Colquhoun Compan. Oarsman's Guide 28 The narrow piece of wood running round the sax-board outside, but now generally disused, is called a wale. b. plural. The horizontal planks or timbers, broader and thicker than the rest, which extend along a ship's sides, at different heights, from stem to stem; also called bends (see bend n.4 6); also singular, each of such timbers.For chain, channel, main, sheer wales, see chain-wale n., channel n.2 Compounds, main-wale n. at main adj.2 Compounds 2, sheer n.2 Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > timbers of hull > horizontal timber(s) wale1295 bend1626 channel wale1672 main-walea1750 in-wale1875 1295 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer 5/8 m. 8 Empcio meremii..Et x. d. in ij Wales emptis de Anselmo Carpentario. 1336–7 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer (P.R.O.: E101/19/31) m. 5 Et in vj. lignis emptis ad eandem pro Wales et bindes inde faciendis..vj. s. 1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 292 Tymbre for bemys walys & other Necessaries in the seid Ship. 1534 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1903) V. 233 For valis to cover abone the boit, viij d. 1536 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 58 The sterne of the same cock bote was faste under on of the wales of the said catche. 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ii. 6 From bend to bend, or waile to waile, which are the outmost timbers on the ship sides. 1664 E. Bushnell Compl. Ship-wright 7 The next Waale parallel to the lower Waale. 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. lii. 429 Bends and Walls [Fr. rambades] of his Carricks. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. iv. 158 They found her wales and outside planks extremely defective. 1824 J. F. Cooper Pilot II. xxiv. 303 Such a point-blanker would have torn off a streak of our wales. 1880 T. Hardy Trumpet-major II. xxvi. 196 Boats built of wood which was greenly growing..three days before it was bent as wales to their sides. 1883 Man. Seamanship for Boys' Training Ships Royal Navy 11 Q. What are bends? A. The thickest and strongest planks on the outward part of a ship's side,..They are more properly called wails. 5. Each of the horizontal timbers connecting and bracing the piles of a dam, etc. Also, = waling n.2 1. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > beams or supports sillc897 sole-tree1527 spur1529 brace1530 rance1574 strut1587 ground pin1632 ground-plate1663 strut-beam1668 wale-piece1739 strutting-beam1753 wale1754 stretcher1774 tie1793 tie-beam1823 strutting1833 lattice frame1838 tie-bolt1838 tie rod1839 brace-rod1844 web1845 box girder1849 plate girder1849 lattice beam1850 lattice girder1852 girder1853 twister1875 under-girder1875 truss-beam1877 raker1880 wind-bracing1890 portal strut1894 stirrup1909 knee-brace1912 tee-beam1930 tee section1963 binder- society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > foundation(s) > pile(s) > horizontal bracing for waling1837 wale1886 1754 T. Gardner Hist. Acct. Dunwich 179 Except Plank upon the Head of the Key, and under the upper Wale, and Plank to join the piles. 1837 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 33/1 The wales are to be in two thicknesses, of half-timbers,..bolted to the gauge piles. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) I. 80 These are called guide piles, and to these horizontal timbers are attached, called wales. 1886 H. C. Seddon Builder's Work i. 7 When the ground is firm enough to admit of it, deep and narrow trenches..may be secured by horizontal planks or wales, placed opposite each other..and kept apart by struts. 1926 A. E. Wynn Design & Constr. Formwork viii. 84 Above 6 ft. high there is always danger of the form twisting..from the impact of the concrete if wales are not used. 1964 R. L. Peurifoy Formwork for Concrete Struct. ix. 158 The bottom wale should be placed not more than 8 in. above the bottom of the form. 6. Basket-making. Each of the horizontal bands round the body of a basket composed of rods intertwined as a finishing-off course. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from other vegetable fibres > [noun] > randed work or basketry > waling wale1907 waling1912 1907 T. Okey in Jrnl. Soc. Arts 11 Jan. 190/2 A wale is three or more rods woven one after and over the other to form a binding or string course. 1907 T. Okey in Jrnl. Soc. Arts 11 Jan. 190/2 I was interested to find [in an old Egyptian basket] the same strokes—the fitch, the pair, the border, slath, and wale—I had been using yesterday. 7. A ridge on a horse's collar: see quot. 1795. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > neck or type of > collarbone or part of forcel1607 wale1795 1795 W. Felton Treat. Carriages II. 160 A Neck Collar, is a thick padded collar made to fit, and sit easy round the horse's neck..it has two wales or risings on the outside, called the fore and back wales. 1847 in J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words 1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia 1908 Notes & Queries 10th Ser. X. 146/2 I was told by one of the workmen that the rolls or ridges of a horse-collar between which the hames lie are called respectively the fore~wale and the afterwale. Compounds General attributive. wale-piece n. †(a) a piece of timber to serve as the gunwale of a boat; (b) a horizontal timber connecting and binding the piles or posts of a bridge, dam, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > beams or supports sillc897 sole-tree1527 spur1529 brace1530 rance1574 strut1587 ground pin1632 ground-plate1663 strut-beam1668 wale-piece1739 strutting-beam1753 wale1754 stretcher1774 tie1793 tie-beam1823 strutting1833 lattice frame1838 tie-bolt1838 tie rod1839 brace-rod1844 web1845 box girder1849 plate girder1849 lattice beam1850 lattice girder1852 girder1853 twister1875 under-girder1875 truss-beam1877 raker1880 wind-bracing1890 portal strut1894 stirrup1909 knee-brace1912 tee-beam1930 tee section1963 binder- society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > planking > each continuous line of planking > uppermost walec1330 wale-stock1350 gunwale1466 port-last1612 planeshearc1620 planksheeringa1687 portoise1705 wale-piece1739 sheer-strake1805 sheer-wale1805 planksheer1827 sheer1841 covering-board1846 wale-streak1856 waling-piece1909 1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm. Bridge 20 The Plates, Whale-Pieces, Ties and Braces that had been contrived to keep them steady. 1839 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 2 432/1 Allowing a space of not less than 12 inches wide between the wale pieces, for the piles to fill up the bays between the wale pieces. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > vertical position > [adjective] > having vertical sides wall-reared1627 wale-reared1644 wall-sided1711 1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 113 Wale-reared, that is, when a ship is built right up, after she comes to her bearing. 1685 N. Boteler Six Dialogues Sea-services Wale reared. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Wale-reared, an obsolete phrase, implying wall-sided. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > planking > each continuous line of planking > uppermost walec1330 wale-stock1350 gunwale1466 port-last1612 planeshearc1620 planksheeringa1687 portoise1705 wale-piece1739 sheer-strake1805 sheer-wale1805 planksheer1827 sheer1841 covering-board1846 wale-streak1856 waling-piece1909 1350Wale stockez [see ]. 1350 Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer (P.R.O.: E101/25/32) En xxxvij piec' de mesrime achat' pour wale piecen, wale stockez et fotwalen. 1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 72 Wale trees..ij, Hausers..ij. 1488 Acc. & Inv. 72 (P.R.O.) Waletrees. wale-streak n. the gunwale of a boat. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > planking > each continuous line of planking > uppermost walec1330 wale-stock1350 gunwale1466 port-last1612 planeshearc1620 planksheeringa1687 portoise1705 wale-piece1739 sheer-strake1805 sheer-wale1805 planksheer1827 sheer1841 covering-board1846 wale-streak1856 waling-piece1909 1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports ii. viii. iii. 474/2 Here he [the coxswain] must sit cross-legged..with a hand on each gun~wale or wale-streak. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022). walen.2 Scottish and northern. 1. a. The action or an act of choosing; choice. Also, scope for choice, plurality of things to choose from.Before the 17th cent. recorded only poetic, chiefly in certain set phrases: at wale, to wale, at one's choice, in abundance; men of wale, men of high merit; worthy in or to wale, of approved valour. (By some writers of the 15–16th centuries to wale in the last phrase seems to have been taken as the infinitive of wale v.1) ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > [noun] curec1000 custOE chirec1175 choosingc1200 choice1297 walea1352 dilection1388 election1393 elect1398 choose1430 option1549 the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > [noun] > scope for choice wonec1290 walea1352 choose1486 choice1584 optionality1817 a1352 L. Minot Poems v. 77 Sir Edward, oure gude King wurthi in wall. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7629 And of a thusand men o wal, He made him ledder and marscal. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5375 I giue him woningsted sted to wale. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4353 If..þat þou mi lefe wald be; O werldes welth to wale and wan Sal þou haf mare þan mai be gan. a1400 Sir Perc. 1587 When he had tolde this tale..He hade wordis at wale To thame ilkane. c1440 York Myst. ii. 55 Als ye I haue honours in alkyn welth to wale. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. av Wynis went within yt wane maist wourthy to vaill. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. xii. 37 Thar wes na strenth of valeant men to waill. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 447 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 108 With lordis of scotland lerit and ye laif As worthy wysest to waile In worschipe allowit. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11952 He russhit vp full radly, raght to his clothes, Soche as happit hym to hent, hade he no wale. 1637 S. Rutherford Let. in Joshua Redivivus (1664) 29 I will have no other tutor, suppose I could have waile & choise of ten thousand beside. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) He gaif me the wale, he allowed me to choose. 1847 T. De Quincey Notes on Landor in Tait's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 21/2 Our Arab friend, however, is no connoisseur in courts of law: small wale of courts in the desert. 1858–61 E. B. Ramsay Reminisc. Sc. Life (1867) 167 There's nae waile o' wigs on Monrimmon Moor. 1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders xxxiii. 279 She's a wonderfu' woman, the mistress; no the like o' her in the three counties. She micht hae had the wale o' the men. b. Coupled with will. ΚΠ c1420 Anturs of Arth. xxvii With alle welthis to wille, and wynus to wale. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 138 [He] mycht jn the tyme yat he feit him haue had otheris at will and wale. 1755 R. Forbes tr. Ovid Ajax his Speech (new ed.) 11 Lat him than now tak will an' wile. 1836 J. Affleck Poet. Wks. 81 (E.D.D.) I've sheets and blankets, will and wale, I'm nae deaf nit. 2. That which is chosen or selected as the best; the choicest individual, kind, specimen, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > the choice or pick flowerc1200 pearlc1400 richessec1450 choicea1513 wale1513 cream1581 garland1591 pink1597 analect1653 pick1766 the pick of the basket1874 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. v. 188 The King Latyne, but faill, Gart cheis of all his steidis furth the waill. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 399 Ane great airme..to the number of lm men the waill of all Ingland. 1717 A. Ramsay Elegy Lucky Wood xi She was the wale of a' her kin. 1787 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 215 For lapfu's large o' gospel kail Shall fill thy crib in plenty, An' runts o' grace the pick an' wale. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering III. xvi. 307 The Bertrams were aye the wale o' the country side! 1842 J. Aiton Domest. Econ. (1857) 262 The best way to get one, and the wale of them, is to intercept one of the packs which are driven from the northern markets. 1887 R. L. Stevenson Merry Men v. 57 It's the pride of the eye, and it's the lust o' life, an' it's the wale o' pleesures. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † walen.3 Obsolete. rare. ? A wave, current. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > [noun] waterOE undc1200 wawc1290 flowinga1382 water wave?1555 wale1565 wave1671 1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis ii. f. 1 And Doris with her dawghters all: of whiche some cut the wales [1587 wals; rhyme whales] With splaied armes. 1636 R. James Iter Lancastrense (1845) 11 Threescore miles from wale Of sea at Conyngton was found a whale Vppon a high downes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † waleadj. Obsolete. Used as a general laudatory expression: Chosen; choice, select; excellent, noble, goodly. a. of a person, his attributes, actions, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective] > choice or excellent > of person walea1325 select1602 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 888 Sodomes king in kinge dale Mette abram wið feres wale. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 294 ‘Þan will I,’ quod þe wale qwene. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1010 Bot ȝet I wot þat Wawen & þe wale burde Such comfort of her compaynye caȝten to-geder. a1500 Beket's Prophecies in Bernardus de Cura Rei Fam. 27 And wander in A winter tyme wyth full wale knychtis. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1329 The Troiens..blody beronyn, Wyde woundes & wete of hor wale dyntes. ?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) l. 289 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 242 It is a losse to the lande..For his witte and his wisedome And his wale deedes. 1790 J. Fisher Poems Var. Subj. 102 Ae simmer e'en baith wale an' trig,..doun the rig A lad cam' to the Fitman-brig. b. of a thing. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective] > choice or excellent chisa700 ycorec900 trya1300 walea1325 richc1330 choice1340 tried1362 chief1519 select1590 selected1605 recherché1689 tid1727 pick1790 selectable1836 beauty1895 plum1923 shit-kicking1961 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3635 Bokes he wrot of lore wal, Hu ðis folc hem rigt leden sal. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 75 Þan was a wardan ware oute in þe wale stremys Of all þe naue & þe note. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 741 By wytt of the watyre-mene of the wale ythez, ffrekes one the forestayne fakene theire coblez. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1716 Bifore þe barounz has hom broȝt, & byrled þerinne [sc. the holy vessels] Wale wyne to þy wenches. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 694 She went from þat worthy into a wale chambur. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1943 He..wound vp full wightly all his wale Ancres. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). walev.1 Scottish and northern. 1. a. transitive. To choose, select, pick out, sort. Also with out, through. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > choose in specific way [verb (transitive)] > select from a number or for a purpose markOE to choose out1297 out-trya1325 cullc1330 welec1330 try1340 walea1350 coil1399 drawa1400 to mark outa1450 electa1513 sorta1535 prick1536 exempta1538 select1567 sort1597 to gather out1611 single1629 delibate1660 to cut out1667 outlooka1687 draught1714 draft1724 to tell off1727 a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 37 Mosti ryden by Rybbesdale, wilde wymmen forte wale, ant welde whuch ich wolde. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1014 Wale ȝow oþer werriouris þat wiȝt ere & ȝonger. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 999 Iasper hyȝt þe fyrst gemme, Þat I on þe fyrst basse con wale. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 895 In gret Ire he apon thaim sadly socht, Wailland a place quhar he mycht bargane mak. 1496 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 319 Item..giffin to Johne Maware, to pas to Clidisdale, to the woddis, to wale tymmyr for the artailȝeri, ix s. ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 55 Of thir thre wanton wiffis that I haif writtin heir, Quhilk wald ȝe waill to ȝour wif? 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ii. i. 10 Of chost men syne, walit by cutt, thai tuik Ane greit nwmir. 1537 in Exch. Rolls Scot. XVII. 741 That ye cause..Patrik Tennent waill our sa[i]d woll, sort, and pak the samin. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 105 That worthy hade a wyfe walit hym-seluon. 1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. xii. xxxviii. 192 The Poet gives you an example of a Gardiner, wehling his seeds being mingled together. 1637 S. Rutherford Let. in Joshua Redivivus (1664) 30 But more I can neither wish, nor pray, nor desire for to your La: then Christ singled and wailed out, from all created good things. 1674 in Scott. Hist. Rev. (1907) Jan. 232 Buy me a good handsom Caudibeck hatt..pray sie that it be good and weall wyled. 1737 A. Ramsay Coll. Scots Prov. (1750) 7 A lass that has mony wooers aft wales the warst. 1786 R. Burns Cotter's Sat. Night xii, in Poems & Songs (1968) I. 149 Those strains that once did sweet in Zion glide, He wales a portion with judicious care. 1821 T. Carlyle Let. 17 Nov. in Early Lett. (1886) II. 4 To beg that you will accept the brown pair of spectacles which I have waled for you. 1832 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. xii. 267 Come away, chap—come away, gentle chap—nae time to be picking and waling your steps. 1873 C. Gibbon For Lack of Gold (new ed.) xi I said I would wail a man for you myself. a1886 D. Grant Sc. Stories (1888) 30 A bodie canna aye wyle his words. 1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words (at cited word) Wale me an orange... To wale one's way. b. to wale by, to choose and put by. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > choose [verb (transitive)] > choose and put by to wale by1778 the mind > possession > supply > storage > store [verb (transitive)] > choose and store to wale by1778 1778 A. Ross Helenore (ed. 2) 58 Bannocks and kebbocks knit up in a claith, She had wiled by, and row'd up in her waith. c. Coal Mining. (See quot. 1881.) ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > clear of refuse [verb (transitive)] > clear by picking > specific coal wale1860 1860 Eng. & Foreign Mining Gloss. (new ed.) Waling, cleaning the coals. 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 190 Wale, Newc. To clean coal by picking out the refuse by hand. 2. intransitive. To make choice. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > exercise choice [verb (intransitive)] choosec1175 walec1400 willc1405 to be one's own carver1578 to take one's choice1588 optate1611 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1276 ‘I-wysse, worþy,’ quoþ þe wyȝe, ‘ȝe haf waled wel better’. 1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 154 They steek their een, an' grape an' wale, For muckle anes, an' straught anes. 1826–30 T. Wilson Pitman's Pay iii. cxvi Through and through the bowl they wyell—For raisins, how they stritch and strive! ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > search for or seek [verb (transitive)] seekc888 aseekc1000 i-secheOE huntc1175 to seek afterc1175 beseechc1200 fand?c1225 ofseche?c1225 to seek forc1250 atseekc1275 furiec1290 forseeka1300 outseekc1300 upseekc1315 to look after ——c1330 wait1340 laita1350 searchc1350 pursuea1382 ensearchc1384 to feel and findc1384 inseekc1384 looka1398 fraist?a1400 umseeka1400 require?c1400 walec1400 to look up1468 prowla1475 to see for ——c1485 to look for ——a1492 to have in the wind1540 sue1548 vent?1575 seek1616 explore1618 dacker1634 research1650 to see out for1683 quest1752 to see after ——1776 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 398 ‘Where schulde I wale þe’, quoþ Gauan, ‘where is þy pla[c]e?’ This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022). walev.2 1. transitive. To mark (the flesh) with wales or weals. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [verb (transitive)] > weal wale14.. scorea1616 wheal1698 weal1723 14.. in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 245 A wycked wound hath me walled [rhymes called, halt, salt], And traveyld me from topp to too. 1634 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. Hist. New Test. (STC 12640.5) 263 O my blessed Saviour, was it not enough that thy sacred body was stripped of thy garments, and waled with bloudy stripes? 1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 375 Would the Horse..suffer his lazy Rider to bestride his patient back, with his hands and whip to wale his flesh? 2. ‘To fasten, secure, or protect with a wale or wale piece’ (Webster 1911). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > [verb (transitive)] > with stays stay1556 wale1909 1909 E. Essex Advertiser Aug. (Suppl.) 4/3 The wharf..is..built with piles and strongly whaled. 3. a. Military. To weave or wattle (a gabion, hurdle). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > barricade > [verb (transitive)] > interweave branches plash1587 wale1852 1852 R. Burn Naval & Mil. Techn. Dict. French Lang. (ed. 2) i. 83 Clayonner,..to wattle; wale. 1892 F. Irwin Notes Fortif. (ed. 2) 60 To make a Wickerwork Gabion... Wale the web by passing each rod in succession over the other two..till the waling is 2-ft. 6-in. high. b. Basket-making. To intertwine (rods) in making a wale (see wale n.1 6); also ‘to furnish (a basket) with a wale or wales’ (Webster 1911). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > basket-making > make baskets [verb (transitive)] > specific processes warp1806 wale1907 1907 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 11 Jan. 190/2 The foot rods are waled and then laid down as in a border. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † waleint. Obsolete. Alas! woe is me! ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > cry of grief > [interjection] > specific cry of grief woeeOE wellawayeOE weilac1000 wellawayOE wellaOE woe is meOE wummec1175 wia1200 outa1225 alas?c1225 walec1275 ac1300 whilec1402 ochonea1425 wellesay?1440 wannowec1450 helas1484 ah1509 ocha1522 ah me!a1547 wougha1556 eh1569 welladay1570 how1575 wellanear1581 ay me!1591 lasa1593 wella, welladay1601 good lack!1638 oime1660 pillaloo1663 wellanearing1683 lack-a-day1695 wasteheart1695 walya1724 lackadaisy1748 ochree1748 waesucks1773 well-a-winsa1774 ullagone1819 wirra1825 mavrone1827 wirrasthru1827 ototoi1877 wurra1898 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12907 Wale [c1300 Otho wola] þat ich wes iboren. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6464 Ah wale [c1300 Otho walawo] þat hit nusten. Costantines cnihtes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.11024n.2a1352n.31565adj.a1325v.1a1350v.214..int.c1275 |
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