† walkyrien.

Forms: early Old English uualcyrge, early Old English wælcyrge, early Old English wælcyrige, early Old English walcrigge, early Old English walcyrge, Old English wælcerie, Old English wælcyrie, Old English wælkyrie, Middle English walkirie, Middle English walkyrie.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Icelandic valkyrja Valkyrie n. < the Germanic base of wal n. + an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the Germanic base of choose v., after the operation of Verner's Law. Compare later Valkyrie n.Compare also Old English wæl-cēasega raven, lit. ‘chooser of the slain’ (ultimately < the Germanic base of wal n. + an ablaut variant (o -grade) of the Germanic base of choose v.).

Obsolete.

1. A malevolent goddess or female demon, esp. one associated with war or violence. Cf. Valkyrie n.In Old English frequently (chiefly in glossaries) rendering names of figures from classical mythology, such as Bellona, Roman goddess of war (see Bellona n.), the Furies (Latin Erinyes, singular Erinys: see Erinnic adj.), the Gorgons (see Gorgon n.), and also (once) Venus (see Venus n.¹).The original conception of this deity, lit. ‘chooser of the slain’, among the pagan Anglo-Saxons is not recorded. By contrast, that of the Valkyrie of Scandinavian mythology is familiar and well-defined (one of several minor female deities supposed to hover in the air over battlefields, deciding who should be slain: see Valkyrie n.). It is unclear how far the (later) Scandinavian evidence may be taken to reflect earlier belief in Anglo-Saxon England. For a discussion of the possible origin and development of the concept see H. R. Ellis Davidson Gods & Myths of Northern Europe (1964) 61–6, and compare also U. Zimmermann in J. Hoops's Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde (ed. 2, 2007) XXXV. 595–602.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > fabulous or mythical human > miscellaneous (types of)

walkyrieeOE

woodwosea1100

mugglingc1275

Sciapodes1568

Arimasp1579

acephali1600

hyperborean1601

Arimaspian1667

golem1732

Lorelei1878

menehune1895

eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 50/1 Eurynis, walcyrge.

eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 49 Allecto, wælcyrige.

eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 79 Bellona, wælcyrge.

OE tr. Wonders of East (Tiber.) §4. 186 Þa deor habbað eahta fet, & wælkyrian eagan [L. oculos gorgoneos], & twa heafda.

OE Aldhelm Glosses (Digby 146) in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 115/2 Effigies..Veneris, stuprorum amatricis : anlic[nessa] gydene, wælcyrie, forli[gra] nedhæmestran, lufestran.

2. In extended use (in collocation with witch): a sorceress, a witch.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > sorcerer or magician > witch > [noun]

walkyrieOE

witchOE

hagc1230

strya1300

wise woman1382

sorceressc1384

luller14..

tylyester14..

chantressc1425

magicienne1490

gyre-carline1535

witch-womana1538

eye-biter1584

beldama1586

witch-wife1591

cunning woman1594

saga?a1600

magha1609

magicianess1651

hag-witcha1658

haggard1658

besom-rider1664

wizardess1789

fly-by-night1796

lucky1827

bruja1829

weird-woman1845

hex1856

Baba Yaga1857

pishogue1906

witcher1928

OE Wulfstan Sermo ad Anglos (Nero) (1957) 273 Her syndan myltestran & bearnmyrðran & fule forlegene horingas manege; & her syndan wiccan & wælcyrian.

OE Homily: Sermo ad Populum Dominicis Diebus (Lamb. 489) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 298 Þæt syndon godes wiðersacan: morðwyrhtan, hlafordswican and..wyccan and wælcyrian and unlybwyrhtan.

a1275 Body & Soul (Trin. Cambr. B.14.39) l. 131 in A. S. M. Clark Seint Maregrete & Body & Soul (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 144 Ne wiche ne walkirie vit hire uiche craft Ne mit binimen þen det.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1577 Wychez & walkyries wonnen to þat sale.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	walkyrie
释义	† walkyrien. Forms: early Old English uualcyrge, early Old English wælcyrge, early Old English wælcyrige, early Old English walcrigge, early Old English walcyrge, Old English wælcerie, Old English wælcyrie, Old English wælkyrie, Middle English walkirie, Middle English walkyrie. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Icelandic valkyrja Valkyrie n. < the Germanic base of wal n. + an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the Germanic base of choose v., after the operation of Verner's Law. Compare later Valkyrie n.Compare also Old English wæl-cēasega raven, lit. ‘chooser of the slain’ (ultimately < the Germanic base of wal n. + an ablaut variant (o -grade) of the Germanic base of choose v.). Obsolete. 1. A malevolent goddess or female demon, esp. one associated with war or violence. Cf. Valkyrie n.In Old English frequently (chiefly in glossaries) rendering names of figures from classical mythology, such as Bellona, Roman goddess of war (see Bellona n.), the Furies (Latin Erinyes, singular Erinys: see Erinnic adj.), the Gorgons (see Gorgon n.), and also (once) Venus (see Venus n.¹).The original conception of this deity, lit. ‘chooser of the slain’, among the pagan Anglo-Saxons is not recorded. By contrast, that of the Valkyrie of Scandinavian mythology is familiar and well-defined (one of several minor female deities supposed to hover in the air over battlefields, deciding who should be slain: see Valkyrie n.). It is unclear how far the (later) Scandinavian evidence may be taken to reflect earlier belief in Anglo-Saxon England. For a discussion of the possible origin and development of the concept see H. R. Ellis Davidson Gods & Myths of Northern Europe (1964) 61–6, and compare also U. Zimmermann in J. Hoops's Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde (ed. 2, 2007) XXXV. 595–602. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > fabulous or mythical human > miscellaneous (types of) walkyrieeOE woodwosea1100 mugglingc1275 Sciapodes1568 Arimasp1579 acephali1600 hyperborean1601 Arimaspian1667 golem1732 Lorelei1878 menehune1895 eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 50/1 Eurynis, walcyrge. eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 49 Allecto, wælcyrige. eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 79 Bellona, wælcyrge. OE tr. Wonders of East (Tiber.) §4. 186 Þa deor habbað eahta fet, & wælkyrian eagan [L. oculos gorgoneos], & twa heafda. OE Aldhelm Glosses (Digby 146) in A. S. Napier Old Eng. Glosses (1900) 115/2 Effigies..Veneris, stuprorum amatricis : anlic[nessa] gydene, wælcyrie, forli[gra] nedhæmestran, lufestran. 2. In extended use (in collocation with witch): a sorceress, a witch. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > sorcerer or magician > witch > [noun] walkyrieOE witchOE hagc1230 strya1300 wise woman1382 sorceressc1384 luller14.. tylyester14.. chantressc1425 magicienne1490 gyre-carline1535 witch-womana1538 eye-biter1584 beldama1586 witch-wife1591 cunning woman1594 saga?a1600 magha1609 magicianess1651 hag-witcha1658 haggard1658 besom-rider1664 wizardess1789 fly-by-night1796 lucky1827 bruja1829 weird-woman1845 hex1856 Baba Yaga1857 pishogue1906 witcher1928 OE Wulfstan Sermo ad Anglos (Nero) (1957) 273 Her syndan myltestran & bearnmyrðran & fule forlegene horingas manege; & her syndan wiccan & wælcyrian. OE Homily: Sermo ad Populum Dominicis Diebus (Lamb. 489) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 298 Þæt syndon godes wiðersacan: morðwyrhtan, hlafordswican and..wyccan and wælcyrian and unlybwyrhtan. a1275 Body & Soul (Trin. Cambr. B.14.39) l. 131 in A. S. M. Clark Seint Maregrete & Body & Soul (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 144 Ne wiche ne walkirie vit hire uiche craft Ne mit binimen þen det. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1577 Wychez & walkyries wonnen to þat sale. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.eOE
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