† wanzev.

Forms: late Old English wansian, Middle English wanchy, Middle English wanese, Middle English wannsenn ( Ormulum), Middle English wanschon (infinitive), Middle English wanse, Middle English wanshon (infinitive), Middle English wanson (infinitive), Middle English wanyse, Middle English whanse, Middle English–1900s wanze (now English regional), 1500s wanzd (past tense).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: wane adj., English -sian.

Etymology: < wane adj. + Old English -sian, suffix forming verbs from adjectives and nouns (see discussion at cleanse v.); compare wane v. Compare Old Norwegian vansa to do too little, and the related nouns Old Icelandic vansi lack, want, Norwegian (Nynorsk) †vanse lack, Old Swedish vanse defect.In Old English the prefixed form awansian to diminish, impair (compare a- prefix¹) is also attested, in two 14th-cent. copies of writs of Edward the Confessor; however, neither of these is thought to be authentic, both probably dating from the first half of the 12th cent., i.e. contemporaneous in composition date with quot. lOE at sense 1a (a paraphrase of a Latin charter apparently forged in the early 12th cent. and not of early composition date).

Obsolete.

a. transitive. To cause to become diminished or decreased; to lessen, reduce.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)]

littleeOE

anitherOE

wanzelOE

lessc1225

slakea1300

littenc1300

aslakec1314

adminisha1325

allayc1330

settle1338

low1340

minisha1382

reprovea1382

abatea1398

rebatea1398

subtlea1398

alaskia1400

forlyten?a1400

imminish14..

lessenc1410

diminish1417

repress?a1425

assuagec1430

scarcec1440

small1440

underslakec1440

alessa1450

debate?c1450

batec1460

decreasec1470

appetisse1474

alow1494

mince1499

perswage?1504

remita1513

inless?1521

attenuate1530

weaken1530

defray1532

mitigate1532

minorate1534

narrow?1548

diminuec1550

extenuate1555

amain1578

exolve1578

base1581

dejecta1586

amoinder1588

faint1598

qualify1604

contract1605

to pull down1607

shrivel1609

to take down1610

disaugment1611

impoverish1611

shrink1628

decoct1629

persway1631

unflame1635

straiten1645

depress1647

reduce1649

detract1654

minuate1657

alloy1661

lower?1662

sinka1684

retreat1690

nip1785

to drive down1840

minify1866

to knock down1867

to damp down1869

scale1887

mute1891

clip1938

to roll back1942

to cut back1943

downscale1945

downrate1958

slim1963

downshift1972

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Swa hwa swa ure gife ouþer oðre gode[n]e manne gyfe wansiaþ [L. diminuere pręsumpserit], wansie him seo heofenlice iateward on heofenrice.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7157 To wannsenn himm hiss riche.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1904 Crist ras upp off dæþess slap Forr dæþess nahht to wannsenn.

b. intransitive. To decrease, to grow less (literal and figurative); esp. (of the moon) to wane.Frequently contrasted with wax.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > decrease in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (intransitive)]

littleOE

setc1000

wanzec1175

lessc1225

allayc1275

wane1297

slaken1303

disincreasec1374

slakec1380

decrease1382

debatea1400

unwaxa1400

wastea1400

adminishc1400

lessenc1400

imminish14..

aslakec1405

minish?a1425

assuagec1430

shrinkc1449

to let down1486

decay1489

diminish1520

fall1523

rebate1540

batea1542

to come down1548

abate1560

stoop1572

pine1580

slack1580

scanten1585

shrivel1588

decrew1596

remit1629

contract1648

subside1680

lower1697

relax1701

drop1730

to take off1776

to run down1792

reduce1798

recede1810

to run off1816

to go down1823

attenuatea1834

ease1876

downscale1945

the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > moon > phase > pass through phase [verb (intransitive)] > wane

wane971

wanzec1175

waste1600

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1901 Marrchess nahhtess wannsenn aȝȝ & marrchess daȝhess waxenn.

a1400 in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 263 (MED) Worldes catel passet sone, þat wacset & wansit rit as te mone.

a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 148 (MED) He mut wex and Y mut wanese.

1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 3345 Thys was here feer þat..Eche day shuld growen & encrese Crystyn relygyoun..And paynymry wansyn & discrese.

c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) l. 6187 They [sc. women] be nat lyche the hornyd moon That kan encrese and wanse ageyn.

1615 R. Rogers Comm. Bk. Judges xxxvi. 283 But as well persons and families, as almost whole townes, wanze and waxe cold in their seruing of God.

a. intransitive. To fade or waste away; to wither. Frequently with away. English regional in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > lose freshness

wallowc888

falloweOE

fordwinec1000

foryellowc1220

fade13..

windlec1325

wanzec1400

witherc1400

unappair1426

quail?c1430

withera1500

quell1579

tainta1616

daver1621

welter1645

tarnish1678

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > wasting disease > have wasting disease [verb (intransitive)] > wither

forclinga800

weornea1380

wanzec1400

crimple1495

withera1500

c1400 in PMLA (1939) 54 385 (MED) Owr kynde is fer more feynt Than askis ben qwan fyr is qweynt; We wansin as þe snowh away.

a1425 ( H. Daniel Liber Uricrisiarum (Wellcome 225) 202 In tympanide..þe nek & þe uttir partyes small, dwynynge, & wenesynge scharp.

1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis iii. f. 8 And all the things that liked him did wanze away at length.

1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) vi. f. 58 A ruddynesse besprent Hir chœkes which wanzd away againe.

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares sig. T1^v Decke our selues how we will,..wee cannot equalize one of the Lillies of the fielde; as they wither, so shall we wanze and decay.

1603 R. Rogers Seuen Treat. vi. ix. 534 Their pleasures wanze away as the cracking of thornes vnder a pot.

1633 D. Rogers Treat. Two Sacraments Gospell ii. 46 Recover thy losse, quicken that hath wanzed, strengthen the feeble knees or hands.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 118 How many have we knowne..who yet in a short time have bewraied themselves to be time-servers, and wanzed away to nothing?

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Wanze, to waste, pine, wither.

1917 T. Hardy Moments of Vision & Misc. Verses 171 Not as one wanzing weak From life's roar and reek, His rest still to seek.

b. transitive. To cause to become wasted or emaciated.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > slim shape or physique > slim [verb (transitive)] > thin

leanc897

lensea1000

lank1519

extenuate1541

meagre1570

formeagre1571

extenue1574

scarcen1594

emacerate1610

wanze1647

emaciate1650

1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts (Matt. vi. 16) 215 They doe so disfigure their faces, so wanze and wither their countenances, that [etc.].

1657 J. Trapp Comm. Job xvi. 8. 152 That with fasting and paines taking he had so wanzed and macerated himself, that at past thirty, he was looked upon as one towards fifty.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	wanze
释义	† wanzev. Forms: late Old English wansian, Middle English wanchy, Middle English wanese, Middle English wannsenn ( Ormulum), Middle English wanschon (infinitive), Middle English wanse, Middle English wanshon (infinitive), Middle English wanson (infinitive), Middle English wanyse, Middle English whanse, Middle English–1900s wanze (now English regional), 1500s wanzd (past tense). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: wane adj., English -sian. Etymology: < wane adj. + Old English -sian, suffix forming verbs from adjectives and nouns (see discussion at cleanse v.); compare wane v. Compare Old Norwegian vansa to do too little, and the related nouns Old Icelandic vansi lack, want, Norwegian (Nynorsk) †vanse lack, Old Swedish vanse defect.In Old English the prefixed form awansian to diminish, impair (compare a- prefix¹) is also attested, in two 14th-cent. copies of writs of Edward the Confessor; however, neither of these is thought to be authentic, both probably dating from the first half of the 12th cent., i.e. contemporaneous in composition date with quot. lOE at sense 1a (a paraphrase of a Latin charter apparently forged in the early 12th cent. and not of early composition date). Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. To cause to become diminished or decreased; to lessen, reduce. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] littleeOE anitherOE wanzelOE lessc1225 slakea1300 littenc1300 aslakec1314 adminisha1325 allayc1330 settle1338 low1340 minisha1382 reprovea1382 abatea1398 rebatea1398 subtlea1398 alaskia1400 forlyten?a1400 imminish14.. lessenc1410 diminish1417 repress?a1425 assuagec1430 scarcec1440 small1440 underslakec1440 alessa1450 debate?c1450 batec1460 decreasec1470 appetisse1474 alow1494 mince1499 perswage?1504 remita1513 inless?1521 attenuate1530 weaken1530 defray1532 mitigate1532 minorate1534 narrow?1548 diminuec1550 extenuate1555 amain1578 exolve1578 base1581 dejecta1586 amoinder1588 faint1598 qualify1604 contract1605 to pull down1607 shrivel1609 to take down1610 disaugment1611 impoverish1611 shrink1628 decoct1629 persway1631 unflame1635 straiten1645 depress1647 reduce1649 detract1654 minuate1657 alloy1661 lower?1662 sinka1684 retreat1690 nip1785 to drive down1840 minify1866 to knock down1867 to damp down1869 scale1887 mute1891 clip1938 to roll back1942 to cut back1943 downscale1945 downrate1958 slim1963 downshift1972 lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Swa hwa swa ure gife ouþer oðre gode[n]e manne gyfe wansiaþ [L. diminuere pręsumpserit], wansie him seo heofenlice iateward on heofenrice. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7157 To wannsenn himm hiss riche. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1904 Crist ras upp off dæþess slap Forr dæþess nahht to wannsenn. b. intransitive. To decrease, to grow less (literal and figurative); esp. (of the moon) to wane.Frequently contrasted with wax. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > decrease in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (intransitive)] littleOE setc1000 wanzec1175 lessc1225 allayc1275 wane1297 slaken1303 disincreasec1374 slakec1380 decrease1382 debatea1400 unwaxa1400 wastea1400 adminishc1400 lessenc1400 imminish14.. aslakec1405 minish?a1425 assuagec1430 shrinkc1449 to let down1486 decay1489 diminish1520 fall1523 rebate1540 batea1542 to come down1548 abate1560 stoop1572 pine1580 slack1580 scanten1585 shrivel1588 decrew1596 remit1629 contract1648 subside1680 lower1697 relax1701 drop1730 to take off1776 to run down1792 reduce1798 recede1810 to run off1816 to go down1823 attenuatea1834 ease1876 downscale1945 the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > moon > phase > pass through phase [verb (intransitive)] > wane wane971 wanzec1175 waste1600 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1901 Marrchess nahhtess wannsenn aȝȝ & marrchess daȝhess waxenn. a1400 in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 263 (MED) Worldes catel passet sone, þat wacset & wansit rit as te mone. a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 148 (MED) He mut wex and Y mut wanese. 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 3345 Thys was here feer þat..Eche day shuld growen & encrese Crystyn relygyoun..And paynymry wansyn & discrese. c1450 (?c1408) J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte (1901) l. 6187 They [sc. women] be nat lyche the hornyd moon That kan encrese and wanse ageyn. 1615 R. Rogers Comm. Bk. Judges xxxvi. 283 But as well persons and families, as almost whole townes, wanze and waxe cold in their seruing of God. 2. a. intransitive. To fade or waste away; to wither. Frequently with away. English regional in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > lose freshness wallowc888 falloweOE fordwinec1000 foryellowc1220 fade13.. windlec1325 wanzec1400 witherc1400 unappair1426 quail?c1430 withera1500 quell1579 tainta1616 daver1621 welter1645 tarnish1678 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > wasting disease > have wasting disease [verb (intransitive)] > wither forclinga800 weornea1380 wanzec1400 crimple1495 withera1500 c1400 in PMLA (1939) 54 385 (MED) Owr kynde is fer more feynt Than askis ben qwan fyr is qweynt; We wansin as þe snowh away. a1425 ( H. Daniel Liber Uricrisiarum (Wellcome 225) 202 In tympanide..þe nek & þe uttir partyes small, dwynynge, & wenesynge scharp. 1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis iii. f. 8 And all the things that liked him did wanze away at length. 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) vi. f. 58 A ruddynesse besprent Hir chœkes which wanzd away againe. 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares sig. T1^v Decke our selues how we will,..wee cannot equalize one of the Lillies of the fielde; as they wither, so shall we wanze and decay. 1603 R. Rogers Seuen Treat. vi. ix. 534 Their pleasures wanze away as the cracking of thornes vnder a pot. 1633 D. Rogers Treat. Two Sacraments Gospell ii. 46 Recover thy losse, quicken that hath wanzed, strengthen the feeble knees or hands. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 118 How many have we knowne..who yet in a short time have bewraied themselves to be time-servers, and wanzed away to nothing? a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Wanze, to waste, pine, wither. 1917 T. Hardy Moments of Vision & Misc. Verses 171 Not as one wanzing weak From life's roar and reek, His rest still to seek. b. transitive. To cause to become wasted or emaciated. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > slim shape or physique > slim [verb (transitive)] > thin leanc897 lensea1000 lank1519 extenuate1541 meagre1570 formeagre1571 extenue1574 scarcen1594 emacerate1610 wanze1647 emaciate1650 1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts (Matt. vi. 16) 215 They doe so disfigure their faces, so wanze and wither their countenances, that [etc.]. 1657 J. Trapp Comm. Job xvi. 8. 152 That with fasting and paines taking he had so wanzed and macerated himself, that at past thirty, he was looked upon as one towards fifty. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.lOE
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