water walln.

1445–6 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 630 Pro reparacione et emendacione de le Waterwall ac rote exterioris molendini de Scaltoke, 15s.

1574 in Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1582, 105/2 Necnon edificando lie walterwall cum aist(l)erstanis dicti molendini.

1660 in C. S. Romanes Sel. Rec. Regality of Melrose (1914) I. 262 [John Mein, mason, sues William Edgar for 4 l. Scots] for beating of the watter-wall.

?1761 W. Cheape Descr. Acct. Machine for Scutching Flax Explan. Plate The South Gavel or Water-wall.

1830 Highland Roads & Bridges: 16th Rep. Commissioners 9 in Parl. Papers XV. 87 The Bridge of Fairnness..had the wingwalls and embankment at its eastern end torn away, as also a considerable portion of its upper, and the whole of the lower waterwall on the same side.

1859 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 217 I went on,..and in a vague weariness sat down upon the massive water-wall, and looked over into the dark brown stream.

1907 J. Webster Jerry Junior ii. 21 Three [girls]..were kneeling on the beach thumping and scrubbing a pile of linen. The grass beyond the water-wall was already white with bleaching sheets.

1934 Pop. Sci. Monthly Mar. 109/1 The erection of this greatest water wall of all history [sc. the Hoover Dam] will soon be a reality.

1995 Rotarian Sept. 41/1 (caption) Water wall—Local volunteers take advantage of a low river during the dry season to build a dam outside San Rafael.

a1500 Sir Degrevant (Cambr.) (1949) l. 923 (MED) Þer ys a place in þe wall By-twyne þe chaumbur and þe hal; Þor lyȝth a mychel watur-wal Of fourty feyt brede.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 629 They giue hir the Hearbe Penny wort or Water-wall to drinke in water.

1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Waterwall, a waterfall.

1930 Pop. Sci. Monthly June 30/2 A forty-foot ‘water-wall’ is one of the features of an elaborate system of safeguards that protects the gold vaults of the Bank of France, in Paris.

1939 Edison Electric Inst. Bull. Apr. 207/1 A 9000-square foot wall of water, in front of which will be displayed the first water ballet ever executed... Together the water wall and ballet will provide a building facade said to be totally unlike anything ever produced before.

1951 H. C. Holling Minn of Mississippi vii. 32 As frantic Minn fell over the Water-Wall, a young man leaned from a high-up window. ‘Hey!’ he yelled. ‘A turtle! Went over them falls!’

1982 S. Coon Chiy-une xxv. 236 The second and third rafts made it down the water wall intact, thanks to their more rugged construction.

1998 Observer 22 Mar. (Life section) 73/1 Some kind of post-industrial, post-modern mess complete with glass waterwall and multicoloured concrete patio.

2005 P. Nobel Sixteen Acres xii. 241 A towering, two-hundred-foot-wide water wall—a mostly overlooked extravagance that one reporter eventually noted would be higher than Niagara Falls.

1853 London Jrnl. Arts, Sci., & Manuf. 43 261 This is effected by adapting to that part of the kiln where the greatest heat always exists, an annular water chamber or water wall, which is built into the brickwork... This water chamber or boiler, which may be constructed either of copper or iron, is surrounded by a flue in which the caloric..may circulate.

1890 Engineer 13 Sept. 68/3 This exact construction with a water-wall fire-box was used.

1951 Internat. Sugar Jrnl. 53 132/2 There are now three installations of two-drum water wall boilers for burning bagasse.

1987 L. L. Boyer & W. T. Grondzik Earth Shelter Technol. x. 173 A water wall installation in a passive solar earth shelter located near Denver.

2009 Y. Li et al. in G. Yue et al. Proc. 20th Internat. Conf. Fluidized Bed Combustion 134 Two 300MWe CFB boilers, with a common water wall between.

2013 S. Roaf et al. Ecohouse (ed. 4) vii. 161 Water has a greater unit heat capacity than brick or cement so, for a given volume, a water wall works more efficiently than a solid wall.