Webern.¹

Brit.

/ˈveɪbə/, U.S.

/ˈveɪbər/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Weber.

Etymology: < the name of Ernst Heinrich Weber (1795–1878), German physiologist and experimental psychologist. Compare earlier Weberian adj.²With Weber's law n. compare German Webersches Gesetz (1860 or earlier; the law was first expressed by Weber in 1834.

Psychology.

1. Weber's law n. a law stating that the smallest perceptible increase in a stimulus is a constant proportion of the initial stimulus (also called Weber–Fechner law).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > stimulation > [noun] > Weber's law or ratio

Weber's law1864

Weber–Fechner law1891

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > measure > [noun] > ratio

Weber's law1864

multiplicity1947

osmolality1947

osmolarity1948

1864 T. K. Abbott Sight & Touch iv. 40 This law was discovered by E. H. Weber, and is known as Weber's law. Fechner has confirmed and extended it.

1890 W. James Princ. Psychol. I. xiii. 537 So much for a general account of what Fechner calls Weber's law.

1935 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. 26 226 The obvious fact that Weber's Law is disobeyed both for very high and for very low light intensities leads to the clearly apparent result that..the various greys at either end of Dr. Ostwald's scale are never even approximately equidistant.

1952 I. J. Hirsh Measurem. of Hearing vii. 194 We conclude that Weber's Law holds (for white noise) from about 20 to 100 db Sensation Level.

2006 G. Buzsáki Rhythms of Brain v. 124 According to Rodolfo Llinás at New York University, Weber's law also underlies the octave tonal structure of music perception and production.

2. attributive and in the genitive. Designating the constant proportion expressing the smallest perceptible increase in a stimulus, according to Weber's law, as Weber fraction, Weber ratio, etc.

ΚΠ

1914 Biol. Bull. 27 194 The rating, which is the numerical expression of the degree of the reaction when both turnings and time preference are considered, should be in proportion to Weber's ratio.

1922 H. C. Warren Elements Human Psychol. vii. 148/1 (caption) The Weber fraction is ⅓.

1938 S. S. Stevens & H. Davis Hearing iv. 149 We are not here concerned with the constancy of the Weber fraction ΔI/I, which was another of Fechner's assumptions, but only with..the ability of an added just-noticeable difference to contribute always the same increment to the total subjective effect.

1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 82 38 The results of the present experiment suggest that the use of contrasting St[andard] and Co[mparison] vibrotactile stimuli will result in relatively small Weber ratios.

2011 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 366 3108/1 A 10 per cent difference in curvature could be discriminated (in other words, the Weber fraction was about 0.1).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

webern.²

Brit.

/ˈveɪbə/,

/ˈwiːbə/, U.S.

/ˈveɪbər/

Forms: 1800s veber, 1800s– weber.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Weber.

Etymology: < the name of Wilhelm Eduard Weber (1804–91), German physicist with a particular interest in electromagnetism and telegraphy.The form veber reflects the regular German pronunciation of w as /v/.

†a. A unit of electric charge, equal to the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by a current of one ampere (now called coulomb). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric charge, electricity > [noun] > unit of measurement > obsolete

farad1868

weber1871

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric current > [noun] > unit of measurement > obsolete

weber1871

oersted1879

1871 L. Clark & R. Sabine Electr. Tables & Formulæ p. vi The word veber has also been introduced to express the unit quantity of electricity, or that which passes through one ohm, in one second, with a difference of tension of one volt.

1881 S. P. Thompson in Jrnl. Soc. Arts 30 32/2 To tear away a single gramme of hydrogen from the oxygen with which it is combined requires no less than 95,050 webers (‘coulombs’) to flow through.

1883 J. Swinburne Pract. Electr. Units 28 The coulomb has taken the place of the weber as unit of quantity, and the ampère is used instead of the weber-per-second as unit of current.

b. A unit of electric current equal to a flow of one coulomb per second (now called ampere). Now historical and rare.The British Association for the Advancement of Science proposed that the standard unit of electric current be called the weber, though this was rejected, and ‘ampere’ adopted in this role, during the first meeting of the International Electrotechnical Congress in 1881.

ΚΠ

1877 Telegr. Jrnl. 15 Jan. 23/1 On trying 17, which allowed a current of precisely 1 weber to pass, 7 exploded and ten failed.

1879 G. B. Prescott Speaking Telephone (new ed.) 469 In the veber current and the electro-motive force, we have the data for comparing the work of these machines.

1881 Rep. Brit. Assoc. 425 The current produced by a Volt acting through an Ohm..is called a Weber.

1968 Isis 59 305/2 Helmholtz participated in the rejection of the proposed electrical current unit ‘weber’ in favor of ‘ampere’ at the First International Congress on Electricity in Paris, 1881.

†a. A unit of magnetic pole strength, equal to a pole strength producing a field of 1000/4π amperes per meter at 1 centimetre. Symbol m. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrically induced magnetism > [noun] > field > unit of strength

weber1882

oersted1930

1882 R. Clausius in London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 13 394 I would take leave to propose that for it [sc. the unit of magnetism] the name ‘weber’ be introduced.

1892 G. F. Barker Physics iv. iii. 645 The unit pole just now defined..is called a weber and the unit field which it produces at unit distance is called a gauss.

1925 Science 3 Apr. 355 (table) Magnetic pole. m (Weber).

b. A unit of magnetic flux (now incorporated in the International System of Units), defined as the amount by which the magnetic flux through a loop must change per second in order to induce an electromotive force of one volt (equivalent to 100 million maxwells or one volt-second). Symbol Wb.The weber was originally defined in terms of magnetic field lines (now called flux). The present definition was ratified at the 1948 General Conference on Weights and Measures.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrically induced magnetism > [noun] > magnetic flux > unit of flux

weber1891

Maxwell1900

Tesla1960

T1964

1891 Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 1890–91 8 542 We can start by defining 10⁸ lines of force as the unit of induction and call it, say, a weber.

1895 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 196 The Committee..recommend for tentative adoption the following terminology: —— 1. That as a unit for magnetic field, a hundred million ‘c.g.s. lines’ be called a weber.

1935 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 21 579 Various International Electrical Congresses..and since then, the i.e.c., have adopted, by successive steps, the well-known series of nine practical electromagnetic units (ohm, volt, ampere, farad, coulomb, joule, watt, henry and weber).

1971 New Scientist 16 Dec. 158/1 The generated voltage from the 20 voltage stages of the segmented rotor was 440 volts, which corresponds to a useful flux of 6.6 webers.

2005 R. E. Newnham Properties of Materials xiv. 122/2 The weber (Wb) is the basic unit of magnetic charge m.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	weber
释义	Webern.¹ Brit. /ˈveɪbə/, U.S. /ˈveɪbər/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Weber. Etymology: < the name of Ernst Heinrich Weber (1795–1878), German physiologist and experimental psychologist. Compare earlier Weberian adj.²With Weber's law n. compare German Webersches Gesetz (1860 or earlier; the law was first expressed by Weber in 1834. Psychology. 1. Weber's law n. a law stating that the smallest perceptible increase in a stimulus is a constant proportion of the initial stimulus (also called Weber–Fechner law). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > stimulation > [noun] > Weber's law or ratio Weber's law1864 Weber–Fechner law1891 the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > measure > [noun] > ratio Weber's law1864 multiplicity1947 osmolality1947 osmolarity1948 1864 T. K. Abbott Sight & Touch iv. 40 This law was discovered by E. H. Weber, and is known as Weber's law. Fechner has confirmed and extended it. 1890 W. James Princ. Psychol. I. xiii. 537 So much for a general account of what Fechner calls Weber's law. 1935 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. 26 226 The obvious fact that Weber's Law is disobeyed both for very high and for very low light intensities leads to the clearly apparent result that..the various greys at either end of Dr. Ostwald's scale are never even approximately equidistant. 1952 I. J. Hirsh Measurem. of Hearing vii. 194 We conclude that Weber's Law holds (for white noise) from about 20 to 100 db Sensation Level. 2006 G. Buzsáki Rhythms of Brain v. 124 According to Rodolfo Llinás at New York University, Weber's law also underlies the octave tonal structure of music perception and production. 2. attributive and in the genitive. Designating the constant proportion expressing the smallest perceptible increase in a stimulus, according to Weber's law, as Weber fraction, Weber ratio, etc. ΚΠ 1914 Biol. Bull. 27 194 The rating, which is the numerical expression of the degree of the reaction when both turnings and time preference are considered, should be in proportion to Weber's ratio. 1922 H. C. Warren Elements Human Psychol. vii. 148/1 (caption) The Weber fraction is ⅓. 1938 S. S. Stevens & H. Davis Hearing iv. 149 We are not here concerned with the constancy of the Weber fraction ΔI/I, which was another of Fechner's assumptions, but only with..the ability of an added just-noticeable difference to contribute always the same increment to the total subjective effect. 1970 Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. 82 38 The results of the present experiment suggest that the use of contrasting St[andard] and Co[mparison] vibrotactile stimuli will result in relatively small Weber ratios. 2011 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 366 3108/1 A 10 per cent difference in curvature could be discriminated (in other words, the Weber fraction was about 0.1). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). webern.² Brit. /ˈveɪbə/, /ˈwiːbə/, U.S. /ˈveɪbər/ Forms: 1800s veber, 1800s– weber. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Weber. Etymology: < the name of Wilhelm Eduard Weber (1804–91), German physicist with a particular interest in electromagnetism and telegraphy.The form veber reflects the regular German pronunciation of w as /v/. 1. †a. A unit of electric charge, equal to the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by a current of one ampere (now called coulomb). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric charge, electricity > [noun] > unit of measurement > obsolete farad1868 weber1871 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric current > [noun] > unit of measurement > obsolete weber1871 oersted1879 1871 L. Clark & R. Sabine Electr. Tables & Formulæ p. vi The word veber has also been introduced to express the unit quantity of electricity, or that which passes through one ohm, in one second, with a difference of tension of one volt. 1881 S. P. Thompson in Jrnl. Soc. Arts 30 32/2 To tear away a single gramme of hydrogen from the oxygen with which it is combined requires no less than 95,050 webers (‘coulombs’) to flow through. 1883 J. Swinburne Pract. Electr. Units 28 The coulomb has taken the place of the weber as unit of quantity, and the ampère is used instead of the weber-per-second as unit of current. b. A unit of electric current equal to a flow of one coulomb per second (now called ampere). Now historical and rare.The British Association for the Advancement of Science proposed that the standard unit of electric current be called the weber, though this was rejected, and ‘ampere’ adopted in this role, during the first meeting of the International Electrotechnical Congress in 1881. ΚΠ 1877 Telegr. Jrnl. 15 Jan. 23/1 On trying 17, which allowed a current of precisely 1 weber to pass, 7 exploded and ten failed. 1879 G. B. Prescott Speaking Telephone (new ed.) 469 In the veber current and the electro-motive force, we have the data for comparing the work of these machines. 1881 Rep. Brit. Assoc. 425 The current produced by a Volt acting through an Ohm..is called a Weber. 1968 Isis 59 305/2 Helmholtz participated in the rejection of the proposed electrical current unit ‘weber’ in favor of ‘ampere’ at the First International Congress on Electricity in Paris, 1881. 2. †a. A unit of magnetic pole strength, equal to a pole strength producing a field of 1000/4π amperes per meter at 1 centimetre. Symbol m. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrically induced magnetism > [noun] > field > unit of strength weber1882 oersted1930 1882 R. Clausius in London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 13 394 I would take leave to propose that for it [sc. the unit of magnetism] the name ‘weber’ be introduced. 1892 G. F. Barker Physics iv. iii. 645 The unit pole just now defined..is called a weber and the unit field which it produces at unit distance is called a gauss. 1925 Science 3 Apr. 355 (table) Magnetic pole. m (Weber). b. A unit of magnetic flux (now incorporated in the International System of Units), defined as the amount by which the magnetic flux through a loop must change per second in order to induce an electromotive force of one volt (equivalent to 100 million maxwells or one volt-second). Symbol Wb.The weber was originally defined in terms of magnetic field lines (now called flux). The present definition was ratified at the 1948 General Conference on Weights and Measures. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrically induced magnetism > [noun] > magnetic flux > unit of flux weber1891 Maxwell1900 Tesla1960 T1964 1891 Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 1890–91 8 542 We can start by defining 10⁸ lines of force as the unit of induction and call it, say, a weber. 1895 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 196 The Committee..recommend for tentative adoption the following terminology: —— 1. That as a unit for magnetic field, a hundred million ‘c.g.s. lines’ be called a weber. 1935 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 21 579 Various International Electrical Congresses..and since then, the i.e.c., have adopted, by successive steps, the well-known series of nine practical electromagnetic units (ohm, volt, ampere, farad, coulomb, joule, watt, henry and weber). 1971 New Scientist 16 Dec. 158/1 The generated voltage from the 20 voltage stages of the segmented rotor was 440 volts, which corresponds to a useful flux of 6.6 webers. 2005 R. E. Newnham Properties of Materials xiv. 122/2 The weber (Wb) is the basic unit of magnetic charge m. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.¹1864n.²1871
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Webern.1

webern.2

Webern.¹

webern.²