well-willingn.²

Brit.

/ˌwɛlˈwɪlɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˌwɛlˈwɪlɪŋ/

Forms: see well adv. and n.⁴ and willing n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: well adv., willing n.¹

Etymology: < well adv. + willing n.¹ In sense 1 originally after classical Latin benevolentia benevolence n.; in later use in sense 1 frequently as an etymologizing gloss of benevolence n. Compare German Wohlwollen (early 16th cent. as †wolwöllen ). Compare willing n.¹.

Now rare.

1. The action, fact, or quality of feeling goodwill or of being well-disposed; kindliness, benevolence; (also) a feeling of goodwill. In earlier use frequently with to, towards, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > goodwill or kind intention > action of wishing well

well-willinga1382

goodwill1535

good willing1556

well-wishing1562

well wish1595

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) 3 Esdras i. 12 Ostus thei soden in sething vesselis and pottis, with weel willing [L. benevolentia].

c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 411 If he in ȝeuyng hise ȝiftis and presentis haue and vse..as myche deuocioun and wel willyng to his lord as if he preiede bi hert and mouþ to hym.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos xviii. sig. Evi By thy well wyllynge and by the yeftes & alle other thynges that I haue doon vnto the.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxvii. 505 (MED) Better he cowde enforme hem of youre volunte, for he is with hem a-queynted and theire welwellinge.

1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Cci In those daies I wearied thee with my welwilling and yet I am not tired to procure thy wellfare.

1620 T. Ryves Poore Vicars Plea 126 Doth King Iames rule his subiects by one law, and himselfe by another? or haue wee not yet proofe enough of his well willing to the Church?

1640 tr. G. S. du Verdier Love & Armes Greeke Princes ii. xx. 75 It begot a well willing in her towards him.

a1708 W. Beveridge Thes. Theologicus (1710) I. 30 Benevolence, or Well-willing, to the Object beloved.

1741 tr. Ess. Friendship 7 in tr. F. T. de Choisy Hist. Life & Death David The Love of Well-willing, is an Act of the Will, which makes us love and will Good to any Person.

1816 tr. E. Swedenborg Arcana Cœlestia (ed. 2) VI. (Gen. xxxviii. 17) 353 The divine [principle] which flows into the principle of well-willing and well doing to others.

1845 H. Stebbing Hist. of Christ's Universal Church during Primitive Times iii. 72 Knowledge, wisdom, experience, and the virtues which are comprehended in the general idea of well-willing, or benevolence.

1914 T. Harada Faith of Japan iii. 56 When asked as to the meaning of jin, he replied—‘It is love to man’. This indeed is near to benevolence,—well-willing.

2005 R. S. Berkowitz Gift of Sci. iii. 66 He understands the highest principle of justice to be caritas sapientis—God's benevolence, or a well-willing.

2. Desire to do that which is good or right; virtuous intention. rare after 16th cent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > goodwill or kind intention

goodwilleOE

favoura1340

well-willinga1382

well-meaninga1393

good nature?c1450

voillancea1500

well-disposedness1606

bon-accordc1650

well-meaningness1663

well-naturedness1679

well-intentionedness1799

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) 1 Esdras Prol. l. 47 (MED) Þei folewyn not þe studie & þe weel willing of greekes.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 2258 (MED) Pes to the men of welwillinge [c1384 Wycliffite Bible, E.V. (Luke 2:14) to men of good wille; Lat. (Vulgate) pax hominibus bonae voluntatis] In erthe be among ous here.

c1450 C. d'Orleans Poems (1941) 101 (MED) It is the faut of vnkonnyng That stoppith me to doon my welwillyng.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xvii. §27. 64 Eftere my rightwisnes..That is eftere his welwillynge that is in my saule.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxxi. 266 Simplie to will proceedeth from nature, but our welwilling is from grace.

1917 R. S. Carroll Mastery of Nervousness xviii. 247 Good deeds and higher thoughts stand always for well-willing.

†3. That which it seems good to a person to do, intend, or allow; a person's pleasure or happiness; (in plural) things that give pleasure. Also: the will of God. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > [noun]

willeOE

hearteOE

i-willc888

self-willeOE

intent?c1225

device1303

couragec1320

talentc1325

greec1330

voluntyc1330

fantasyc1374

likinga1375

disposingc1380

pleasancea1382

affectionc1390

wish1390

disposition1393

affecta1398

likea1400

lista1400

pleasingc1400

emplesance1424

pleasurec1425

well-willingc1443

notiona1450

mindc1450

fancy1465

empleseur1473

hest?a1513

plighta1535

inclination1541

cue1567

month's mind1580

disposedness1583

leaning1587

humour1595

wouldings1613

beneplacit1643

wouldingness1645

vergency1649

bene-placiture1662

good liking1690

draught1758

tida1774

inkling1787

c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 233 Lord god, bi þi welwilling makist and ordeynist þis to be þi lawe and service.

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 439 This was doon..bi Goddis welwilling that it schulde be doon.

c1454 in H. Anstey Epistolae Academicae Oxon. (1898) I. 326 (MED) Wyth þe gostely suffrages of oure prayers for youre goode estate and prosperyte, and alle youre wel wyllyng.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) cxl. §7. 470 My prayere in thaire welewillyngis [L. oratio mea in beneplacitis eorum].

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 146 Than shall ye doutles youre-Silfe gouerne by reysone..to your wel-willynge ouer al.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

well-willingadj.n.¹

Brit.

/ˌwɛlˈwɪlɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˌwɛlˈwɪlɪŋ/

Forms: see well adv. and n.⁴ and will v.¹ and -ing suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; perhaps originally modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: well adv., will v.¹, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < well adv. + will v.¹ + -ing suffix² (compare later willing adj.), perhaps originally after classical Latin benevolēnt-, benevolēns benevolent adj. Compare Middle Dutch welwillende , adjective and noun (Dutch welwillend ), German wohlwollend (15th cent. as †wolwollend ), Old Swedish välviliande . Compare benevolent adj. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry.In sense B. 1 originally after classical Latin benevolus, noun (see benevolous adj.). With well-willingness n. at Derivatives, compare Old English welwilnes and welwillednes in the same sense (see well-willed adj.).

A. adj.

1. Benevolent, kindly, good-natured; favourably disposed; †loyal (obsolete). Formerly also: †right-minded, righteous (obsolete). Cf. well-willed adj. Now somewhat rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [adjective]

freeeOE

well-willingOE

readyc1175

fainc1275

buxoma1300

prestc1300

liefc1325

rifec1390

willyc1390

baina1400

willinga1400

listyc1440

towardc1440

appliable1449

pronea1450

wilfulc1460

prompt?a1475

content1477

towardly1513

contenteda1525

towards1525

fond1529

comingc1576

unrefusinga1586

open-armed1594

voluntary1598

gainsome1629

easy1653

unreluctant1654

nothing loath1667

applicable1702

irreluctanta1706

unhesitating1753

unloath1861

prone-minded1869

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [adjective]

mildeOE

blitheOE

goodOE

well-willingOE

beina1200

goodfulc1275

blithefula1300

faira1300

benignc1320

gainc1330

sweetc1330

kinda1333

propicec1350

well-willeda1382

well-disposeda1393

well-hearteda1393

well-willinga1393

friendsomea1400

well-willya1400

charitablec1405

well-willed1417

good-heartedc1425

kindlyc1425

honeyed1435

propitious1440

affectuousc1441

willya1449

homelyc1450

benevolous1470

benigned1470

benevolent1482

favourousc1485

well-meaned1488

well-meaning1498

humanec1500

favourablec1503

affectionatea1516

well-mindedc1522

beneficial1526

propiciant1531

benignate1533

well-intendeda1535

beneficious1535

kind-hearted1535

well-given1535

affectioned1539

well-wishing1548

figgy?1549

good-meaning1549

affectedc1553

affectionated1561

well-natured1561

well-affected?1563

officious1565

well-inclined1569

good-natured1582

partial1587

graceful?1593

well-intentioned1598

beneficent1616

candid1633

kindlike1637

benefic1641

kindly-hearted1762

well-meant1765

benignanta1782

sweet-hearted1850

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [adjective] > characterized by goodwill or kind intention

well-willingOE

kindlya1375

well-meant?1476

well-wished1560

well-natured1561

willing-minded1564

well-meaned1580

well-intendeda1586

well-designed1641

well-designing1670

goodwilly1706

well-intentioned1734

good faith1880

OE King Ælfred tr. Psalms (Paris) (2001) iv. Introd. Swa deð ælc welwillende man þe þisne sealm singð.

OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz Regula Canonicorum (Corpus Cambr. 191) viii. 191 Ne beon hig modige.., ac clæne and syfre, geþyldige, welwyllende [L. benigni], and mildheorte.

c1175 ( Ælfric Homily: St. Vincent's Day (Cambr. Ii.1.33) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 109 Se halȝa ȝewat of worlde to Gode mid siȝefæstum martirdome, oferswiðdum deofle, to þam ecan wuldre mid þam welwillendan Drihtene.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 507 (MED) It semeth love is welwillende To hem that ben continuende With besy herte to poursuie Thing which that is to love due.

1448 Will of Henry VI in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 379 (MED) I..pray my said heirs..that they shewe them self welwillyng, feithful, and tender lovers of my desire in this behalf.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 41 How that he fand nane weill willand, Bot all war fais that euir he fand.

?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye i. sig. c7 Goddes law requireth a thinge to be done with a wel willinge harte.

a1555 H. Latimer in N. Ridley & H. Latimer Certein Conf. (1556) f. 12^v On scripture doth expownde another, to a man that is studiouse, well willinge and often callynge apon godde in contynualle prayer.

a1600 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 120 His folkis..was nocht so weill willing as he requyred.

a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 410 They cam in a loving and weil-willing maner to inquyre.

1671 J. Horn Best Exercise for Christians 18 Such a pitying and well-willing love.

1897 G. Saintsbury Flourishing of Romance viii. 356 A houseless outlaw,..sometimes countenanced for a short time by well-willing men of position.

1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 20 Aug. 631/1 Not even the most well-willing of critics can escape from its two main flaws.

1995 16th Cent. Jrnl. 26 445 The old haunts and burial places of the Dominicans and other orders were in the disposition of well-willing layfolk.

†2. With to, towards, unto, indicating the recipient of goodwill, favour, or benevolence. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [adjective]

mildeOE

blitheOE

goodOE

well-willingOE

beina1200

goodfulc1275

blithefula1300

faira1300

benignc1320

gainc1330

sweetc1330

kinda1333

propicec1350

well-willeda1382

well-disposeda1393

well-hearteda1393

well-willinga1393

friendsomea1400

well-willya1400

charitablec1405

well-willed1417

good-heartedc1425

kindlyc1425

honeyed1435

propitious1440

affectuousc1441

willya1449

homelyc1450

benevolous1470

benigned1470

benevolent1482

favourousc1485

well-meaned1488

well-meaning1498

humanec1500

favourablec1503

affectionatea1516

well-mindedc1522

beneficial1526

propiciant1531

benignate1533

well-intendeda1535

beneficious1535

kind-hearted1535

well-given1535

affectioned1539

well-wishing1548

figgy?1549

good-meaning1549

affectedc1553

affectionated1561

well-natured1561

well-affected?1563

officious1565

well-inclined1569

good-natured1582

partial1587

graceful?1593

well-intentioned1598

beneficent1616

candid1633

kindlike1637

benefic1641

kindly-hearted1762

well-meant1765

benignanta1782

sweet-hearted1850

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 507 It semeth love is welwillende To hem that [etc.].

c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 26 To be pacient in aduersite, temporat in prosperite..welwillyng to his enemyes and frendis.

1461 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 276 I knew..not whedyr they wer well wyllyng to yow or not.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 713 I have bene ever to my power well-wyllynge unto kynge Arthurs courte.

1549 J. Olde tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Eph. sig. C.ii Sondry other curates & ministres..are honest and diligently well wyllynge towardes the trueth.

1579 W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue f. 50^v Those which stand welwilling vnto his instructions.

1658 tr. J. Ussher Ann. World 207 They had shewed themselves more inclinable, and well willing to Darius than to him [sc. Alexander].

a1684 R. Leighton Serm. (1692) x. 200 Some may have..a mildness and ingenuity of Nature, being inoffensive and well-willing towards all.

1888 R. L. Stevenson Black Arrow Prol. 20 He was one of those who are..ruggedly faithful and well-willing to their friends.

B. n.¹

1. With the and plural agreement. Well-disposed, benevolent, or (formerly also) †righteous people as a class. rare after Old English.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > [noun] > righteous person > collectively

well-willingeOE

righteousOE

perfecta1500

right-minded1820

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxxiv. 229 (heading) Ðætte on oðre wisan sint to manianne ða welwillendan, [L. benevoli], & on oðre ða æfestgan.

OE Ælfric Homily (Trin. Cambr. B.15.34) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1968) II. 500 Swiðe mildheort he is þam þe hihtað on hine, ac swiðest þam welwillendum, and þam rihtgeðancedum, þe nellað unrihtlice oðre geswencan.

1569 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 677 That the weill willing may be rememberit, and the obstinat constrenit to thair dewitie.

1697 G. Saltonstall Serm. before Gen. Assembly Connecticut 66 It is a mighty discouragement to the well willing and obedient, when they see those that trample upon the Laws, escaping the penalty of them.

2008 B. Jackson & L. Richards tr. S. van Hoogstraten in tr. T. Weststeijn Visible World iv. 202 The judgement of..the jealous, the well-willing [Du. gunstelingen], and the impartial stimulates the mind.

†2. With possessive adjective. A person who is well disposed to another; a person's well-wisher, supporter, or friend. Also: a person's well-wishers collectively. Cf. well-willer n. 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > person

well-willing1340

good doerc1400

well-doerc1400

sootc1430

well-willer1443

benefeterc1449

benevoler?1488

benefactor1532

good-willera1541

well-wisher?1576

ministering angel1592

well-meaner1597

angel1598

obliger1634

Samaritan1640

well-woulder1643

obligator1798

benevolist1825

living doll1961

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 112 Þe echedayes dol þet god yefþ to his wel wilynde.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 599 If that thou wistest al What Cheste doth in special To love and to his welwillinge.

a1400 (?c1300) Lay Folks Mass Bk. (Royal) (1879) l. 368 Oure sib men and oure wele-willandes.

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 12 To al oure frendes, and wel wyllynges.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vii. l. 3048 Oþir gudis..Þat langit til hym or til his men, Or til his weil willandis þen.

Derivatives

† well-willingness n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun]

goodshipOE

goodnessOE

well-willingnessOE

goodlaikc1175

charity?c1225

courtesy1297

kindnessc1300

meeknessc1300

kindheada1325

benignityc1374

benevolencec1384

kindshipa1393

betternessa1400

homeliness1402

goodliness1405

courteousnessc1430

kindliness1440

kindlaikc1450

beneficialness1528

beneficence1531

benevolency1545

beneficency1576

kindheartedness1583

benefiting1594

candidness1643

benefacture1651

geniality1652

candour1653

hearta1656

obliging1676

benevolentness1736

affectionateness1751

warm-heartedness1808

Samaritanism1843

sweet-heartedness1865

benignancy1876

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1900) II. 222 Embe his efencempan he hæfde welwillendnysse, and micele lufe.

OE Lambeth Psalter li. 5 Dilexisti malitiam super benignitatem, iniquitatem magis quam loqui ęquitatem : þu lufodest yfelnysse ofer welwillendnysse unrihtwisnysse swyðor þonne sprecan emnysse.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Ecclus. Prol. l. 10 I amoneste ȝou to comen with weel willyngnesse [L. cum benevolentia].

1606 W. Arthur & H. Charteris Rollock's Lect. 1st & 2nd Epist. Paul to Thessalonians (2 Thess.) xiv. 169 A testification of thy well willingnes and of thy loue towards the man.

1618 B. Robertson Soules Request 21 in Crowne of Life This ioy hath wrought a sincere heart and well willingnesse to please God.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	well-willing
释义	well-willingn.² Brit. /ˌwɛlˈwɪlɪŋ/, U.S. /ˌwɛlˈwɪlɪŋ/ Forms: see well adv. and n.⁴ and willing n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: well adv., willing n.¹ Etymology: < well adv. + willing n.¹ In sense 1 originally after classical Latin benevolentia benevolence n.; in later use in sense 1 frequently as an etymologizing gloss of benevolence n. Compare German Wohlwollen (early 16th cent. as †wolwöllen ). Compare willing n.¹. Now rare. 1. The action, fact, or quality of feeling goodwill or of being well-disposed; kindliness, benevolence; (also) a feeling of goodwill. In earlier use frequently with to, towards, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > goodwill or kind intention > action of wishing well well-willinga1382 goodwill1535 good willing1556 well-wishing1562 well wish1595 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) 3 Esdras i. 12 Ostus thei soden in sething vesselis and pottis, with weel willing [L. benevolentia]. c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 411 If he in ȝeuyng hise ȝiftis and presentis haue and vse..as myche deuocioun and wel willyng to his lord as if he preiede bi hert and mouþ to hym. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Boke yf Eneydos xviii. sig. Evi By thy well wyllynge and by the yeftes & alle other thynges that I haue doon vnto the. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxvii. 505 (MED) Better he cowde enforme hem of youre volunte, for he is with hem a-queynted and theire welwellinge. 1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Cci In those daies I wearied thee with my welwilling and yet I am not tired to procure thy wellfare. 1620 T. Ryves Poore Vicars Plea 126 Doth King Iames rule his subiects by one law, and himselfe by another? or haue wee not yet proofe enough of his well willing to the Church? 1640 tr. G. S. du Verdier Love & Armes Greeke Princes ii. xx. 75 It begot a well willing in her towards him. a1708 W. Beveridge Thes. Theologicus (1710) I. 30 Benevolence, or Well-willing, to the Object beloved. 1741 tr. Ess. Friendship 7 in tr. F. T. de Choisy Hist. Life & Death David The Love of Well-willing, is an Act of the Will, which makes us love and will Good to any Person. 1816 tr. E. Swedenborg Arcana Cœlestia (ed. 2) VI. (Gen. xxxviii. 17) 353 The divine [principle] which flows into the principle of well-willing and well doing to others. 1845 H. Stebbing Hist. of Christ's Universal Church during Primitive Times iii. 72 Knowledge, wisdom, experience, and the virtues which are comprehended in the general idea of well-willing, or benevolence. 1914 T. Harada Faith of Japan iii. 56 When asked as to the meaning of jin, he replied—‘It is love to man’. This indeed is near to benevolence,—well-willing. 2005 R. S. Berkowitz Gift of Sci. iii. 66 He understands the highest principle of justice to be caritas sapientis—God's benevolence, or a well-willing. 2. Desire to do that which is good or right; virtuous intention. rare after 16th cent. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > goodwill or kind intention goodwilleOE favoura1340 well-willinga1382 well-meaninga1393 good nature?c1450 voillancea1500 well-disposedness1606 bon-accordc1650 well-meaningness1663 well-naturedness1679 well-intentionedness1799 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) 1 Esdras Prol. l. 47 (MED) Þei folewyn not þe studie & þe weel willing of greekes. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 2258 (MED) Pes to the men of welwillinge [c1384 Wycliffite Bible, E.V. (Luke 2:14) to men of good wille; Lat. (Vulgate) pax hominibus bonae voluntatis] In erthe be among ous here. c1450 C. d'Orleans Poems (1941) 101 (MED) It is the faut of vnkonnyng That stoppith me to doon my welwillyng. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xvii. §27. 64 Eftere my rightwisnes..That is eftere his welwillynge that is in my saule. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxxi. 266 Simplie to will proceedeth from nature, but our welwilling is from grace. 1917 R. S. Carroll Mastery of Nervousness xviii. 247 Good deeds and higher thoughts stand always for well-willing. †3. That which it seems good to a person to do, intend, or allow; a person's pleasure or happiness; (in plural) things that give pleasure. Also: the will of God. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > [noun] willeOE hearteOE i-willc888 self-willeOE intent?c1225 device1303 couragec1320 talentc1325 greec1330 voluntyc1330 fantasyc1374 likinga1375 disposingc1380 pleasancea1382 affectionc1390 wish1390 disposition1393 affecta1398 likea1400 lista1400 pleasingc1400 emplesance1424 pleasurec1425 well-willingc1443 notiona1450 mindc1450 fancy1465 empleseur1473 hest?a1513 plighta1535 inclination1541 cue1567 month's mind1580 disposedness1583 leaning1587 humour1595 wouldings1613 beneplacit1643 wouldingness1645 vergency1649 bene-placiture1662 good liking1690 draught1758 tida1774 inkling1787 c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 233 Lord god, bi þi welwilling makist and ordeynist þis to be þi lawe and service. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 439 This was doon..bi Goddis welwilling that it schulde be doon. c1454 in H. Anstey Epistolae Academicae Oxon. (1898) I. 326 (MED) Wyth þe gostely suffrages of oure prayers for youre goode estate and prosperyte, and alle youre wel wyllyng. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) cxl. §7. 470 My prayere in thaire welewillyngis [L. oratio mea in beneplacitis eorum]. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 146 Than shall ye doutles youre-Silfe gouerne by reysone..to your wel-willynge ouer al. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). well-willingadj.n.¹ Brit. /ˌwɛlˈwɪlɪŋ/, U.S. /ˌwɛlˈwɪlɪŋ/ Forms: see well adv. and n.⁴ and will v.¹ and -ing suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; perhaps originally modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: well adv., will v.¹, -ing suffix². Etymology: < well adv. + will v.¹ + -ing suffix² (compare later willing adj.), perhaps originally after classical Latin benevolēnt-, benevolēns benevolent adj. Compare Middle Dutch welwillende , adjective and noun (Dutch welwillend ), German wohlwollend (15th cent. as †wolwollend ), Old Swedish välviliande . Compare benevolent adj. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry.In sense B. 1 originally after classical Latin benevolus, noun (see benevolous adj.). With well-willingness n. at Derivatives, compare Old English welwilnes and welwillednes in the same sense (see well-willed adj.). A. adj. 1. Benevolent, kindly, good-natured; favourably disposed; †loyal (obsolete). Formerly also: †right-minded, righteous (obsolete). Cf. well-willed adj. Now somewhat rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [adjective] freeeOE well-willingOE readyc1175 fainc1275 buxoma1300 prestc1300 liefc1325 rifec1390 willyc1390 baina1400 willinga1400 listyc1440 towardc1440 appliable1449 pronea1450 wilfulc1460 prompt?a1475 content1477 towardly1513 contenteda1525 towards1525 fond1529 comingc1576 unrefusinga1586 open-armed1594 voluntary1598 gainsome1629 easy1653 unreluctant1654 nothing loath1667 applicable1702 irreluctanta1706 unhesitating1753 unloath1861 prone-minded1869 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [adjective] mildeOE blitheOE goodOE well-willingOE beina1200 goodfulc1275 blithefula1300 faira1300 benignc1320 gainc1330 sweetc1330 kinda1333 propicec1350 well-willeda1382 well-disposeda1393 well-hearteda1393 well-willinga1393 friendsomea1400 well-willya1400 charitablec1405 well-willed1417 good-heartedc1425 kindlyc1425 honeyed1435 propitious1440 affectuousc1441 willya1449 homelyc1450 benevolous1470 benigned1470 benevolent1482 favourousc1485 well-meaned1488 well-meaning1498 humanec1500 favourablec1503 affectionatea1516 well-mindedc1522 beneficial1526 propiciant1531 benignate1533 well-intendeda1535 beneficious1535 kind-hearted1535 well-given1535 affectioned1539 well-wishing1548 figgy?1549 good-meaning1549 affectedc1553 affectionated1561 well-natured1561 well-affected?1563 officious1565 well-inclined1569 good-natured1582 partial1587 graceful?1593 well-intentioned1598 beneficent1616 candid1633 kindlike1637 benefic1641 kindly-hearted1762 well-meant1765 benignanta1782 sweet-hearted1850 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [adjective] > characterized by goodwill or kind intention well-willingOE kindlya1375 well-meant?1476 well-wished1560 well-natured1561 willing-minded1564 well-meaned1580 well-intendeda1586 well-designed1641 well-designing1670 goodwilly1706 well-intentioned1734 good faith1880 OE King Ælfred tr. Psalms (Paris) (2001) iv. Introd. Swa deð ælc welwillende man þe þisne sealm singð. OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz Regula Canonicorum (Corpus Cambr. 191) viii. 191 Ne beon hig modige.., ac clæne and syfre, geþyldige, welwyllende [L. benigni], and mildheorte. c1175 ( Ælfric Homily: St. Vincent's Day (Cambr. Ii.1.33) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 109 Se halȝa ȝewat of worlde to Gode mid siȝefæstum martirdome, oferswiðdum deofle, to þam ecan wuldre mid þam welwillendan Drihtene. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 507 (MED) It semeth love is welwillende To hem that ben continuende With besy herte to poursuie Thing which that is to love due. 1448 Will of Henry VI in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 379 (MED) I..pray my said heirs..that they shewe them self welwillyng, feithful, and tender lovers of my desire in this behalf. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 41 How that he fand nane weill willand, Bot all war fais that euir he fand. ?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye i. sig. c7 Goddes law requireth a thinge to be done with a wel willinge harte. a1555 H. Latimer in N. Ridley & H. Latimer Certein Conf. (1556) f. 12^v On scripture doth expownde another, to a man that is studiouse, well willinge and often callynge apon godde in contynualle prayer. a1600 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 120 His folkis..was nocht so weill willing as he requyred. a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 410 They cam in a loving and weil-willing maner to inquyre. 1671 J. Horn Best Exercise for Christians 18 Such a pitying and well-willing love. 1897 G. Saintsbury Flourishing of Romance viii. 356 A houseless outlaw,..sometimes countenanced for a short time by well-willing men of position. 1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 20 Aug. 631/1 Not even the most well-willing of critics can escape from its two main flaws. 1995 16th Cent. Jrnl. 26 445 The old haunts and burial places of the Dominicans and other orders were in the disposition of well-willing layfolk. †2. With to, towards, unto, indicating the recipient of goodwill, favour, or benevolence. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [adjective] mildeOE blitheOE goodOE well-willingOE beina1200 goodfulc1275 blithefula1300 faira1300 benignc1320 gainc1330 sweetc1330 kinda1333 propicec1350 well-willeda1382 well-disposeda1393 well-hearteda1393 well-willinga1393 friendsomea1400 well-willya1400 charitablec1405 well-willed1417 good-heartedc1425 kindlyc1425 honeyed1435 propitious1440 affectuousc1441 willya1449 homelyc1450 benevolous1470 benigned1470 benevolent1482 favourousc1485 well-meaned1488 well-meaning1498 humanec1500 favourablec1503 affectionatea1516 well-mindedc1522 beneficial1526 propiciant1531 benignate1533 well-intendeda1535 beneficious1535 kind-hearted1535 well-given1535 affectioned1539 well-wishing1548 figgy?1549 good-meaning1549 affectedc1553 affectionated1561 well-natured1561 well-affected?1563 officious1565 well-inclined1569 good-natured1582 partial1587 graceful?1593 well-intentioned1598 beneficent1616 candid1633 kindlike1637 benefic1641 kindly-hearted1762 well-meant1765 benignanta1782 sweet-hearted1850 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 507 It semeth love is welwillende To hem that [etc.]. c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 26 To be pacient in aduersite, temporat in prosperite..welwillyng to his enemyes and frendis. 1461 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 276 I knew..not whedyr they wer well wyllyng to yow or not. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 713 I have bene ever to my power well-wyllynge unto kynge Arthurs courte. 1549 J. Olde tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Eph. sig. C.ii Sondry other curates & ministres..are honest and diligently well wyllynge towardes the trueth. 1579 W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue f. 50^v Those which stand welwilling vnto his instructions. 1658 tr. J. Ussher Ann. World 207 They had shewed themselves more inclinable, and well willing to Darius than to him [sc. Alexander]. a1684 R. Leighton Serm. (1692) x. 200 Some may have..a mildness and ingenuity of Nature, being inoffensive and well-willing towards all. 1888 R. L. Stevenson Black Arrow Prol. 20 He was one of those who are..ruggedly faithful and well-willing to their friends. B. n.¹ 1. With the and plural agreement. Well-disposed, benevolent, or (formerly also) †righteous people as a class. rare after Old English. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > [noun] > righteous person > collectively well-willingeOE righteousOE perfecta1500 right-minded1820 eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxxiv. 229 (heading) Ðætte on oðre wisan sint to manianne ða welwillendan, [L. benevoli], & on oðre ða æfestgan. OE Ælfric Homily (Trin. Cambr. B.15.34) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1968) II. 500 Swiðe mildheort he is þam þe hihtað on hine, ac swiðest þam welwillendum, and þam rihtgeðancedum, þe nellað unrihtlice oðre geswencan. 1569 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 677 That the weill willing may be rememberit, and the obstinat constrenit to thair dewitie. 1697 G. Saltonstall Serm. before Gen. Assembly Connecticut 66 It is a mighty discouragement to the well willing and obedient, when they see those that trample upon the Laws, escaping the penalty of them. 2008 B. Jackson & L. Richards tr. S. van Hoogstraten in tr. T. Weststeijn Visible World iv. 202 The judgement of..the jealous, the well-willing [Du. gunstelingen], and the impartial stimulates the mind. †2. With possessive adjective. A person who is well disposed to another; a person's well-wisher, supporter, or friend. Also: a person's well-wishers collectively. Cf. well-willer n. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > person well-willing1340 good doerc1400 well-doerc1400 sootc1430 well-willer1443 benefeterc1449 benevoler?1488 benefactor1532 good-willera1541 well-wisher?1576 ministering angel1592 well-meaner1597 angel1598 obliger1634 Samaritan1640 well-woulder1643 obligator1798 benevolist1825 living doll1961 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 112 Þe echedayes dol þet god yefþ to his wel wilynde. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 599 If that thou wistest al What Cheste doth in special To love and to his welwillinge. a1400 (?c1300) Lay Folks Mass Bk. (Royal) (1879) l. 368 Oure sib men and oure wele-willandes. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 12 To al oure frendes, and wel wyllynges. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) vii. l. 3048 Oþir gudis..Þat langit til hym or til his men, Or til his weil willandis þen. Derivatives † well-willingness n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] goodshipOE goodnessOE well-willingnessOE goodlaikc1175 charity?c1225 courtesy1297 kindnessc1300 meeknessc1300 kindheada1325 benignityc1374 benevolencec1384 kindshipa1393 betternessa1400 homeliness1402 goodliness1405 courteousnessc1430 kindliness1440 kindlaikc1450 beneficialness1528 beneficence1531 benevolency1545 beneficency1576 kindheartedness1583 benefiting1594 candidness1643 benefacture1651 geniality1652 candour1653 hearta1656 obliging1676 benevolentness1736 affectionateness1751 warm-heartedness1808 Samaritanism1843 sweet-heartedness1865 benignancy1876 OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1900) II. 222 Embe his efencempan he hæfde welwillendnysse, and micele lufe. OE Lambeth Psalter li. 5 Dilexisti malitiam super benignitatem, iniquitatem magis quam loqui ęquitatem : þu lufodest yfelnysse ofer welwillendnysse unrihtwisnysse swyðor þonne sprecan emnysse. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Ecclus. Prol. l. 10 I amoneste ȝou to comen with weel willyngnesse [L. cum benevolentia]. 1606 W. Arthur & H. Charteris Rollock's Lect. 1st & 2nd Epist. Paul to Thessalonians (2 Thess.) xiv. 169 A testification of thy well willingnes and of thy loue towards the man. 1618 B. Robertson Soules Request 21 in Crowne of Life This ioy hath wrought a sincere heart and well willingnesse to please God. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.²a1382adj.n.¹eOE
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well-willingn.2

well-willingadj.n.1

Derivatives

well-willingn.²

well-willingadj.n.¹