whitedadj.

Brit.

/ˈwʌɪtᵻd/, U.S.

/ˈ(h)waɪdᵻd/

Forms: Old English gehwit, late Old English iwitad, early Middle English ihwited, early Middle English yhuited, Middle English whitid, Middle English– whited, 1500s whitted, 1500s whyghted, 1500s whytyd, 1500s–1600s whyted.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: white v.¹, -ed suffix¹, white adj., -ed suffix².

Etymology: Originally < white v.¹ + -ed suffix¹. In later use also partly < white adj. + -ed suffix², and partly < white n. + -ed suffix².In the Old English form gehwit with assimilatory loss of the ending. In sense 1b ultimately after Hellenistic Greek κεκονιαμένος (in τάϕος κεκονιαμένος (New Testament: Matthew 23:27): see whited sepulchre at sepulchre n. 1b). Compare Old English behwīt in this sense ( < be- prefix + white v.¹ + -ed suffix¹).

a. Covered or coated with white; whitewashed.Quot. OE derives ultimately from Isidore, Origines 19. 24. 6 and refers to whitening a toga by means of clay (cf. quot. 1600 and cretated adj.). As clay was widely used as a kind of bleach as well as a colouring agent, it is uncertain whether this sense or sense 2 was intended by the Old English glossator.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [adjective] > painted with whitewash

whitedOE

white-limed1440

whitewashed1744

Snowcemmed1969

the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > [adjective] > covered or coated with white

whitedOE

whitened1574

sugar-candied1592

candied1600

surpliced1845

besnowed1849

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [adjective] > covered with snow

snowy1548

snowish1589

whited1655

snow-clad1812

snowed1854

snowed-in1982

OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 91 Toga candida uel cretata, gehwit rægel.

lOE Canterbury Psalter: Canticles viii. 9 Te martyrum candidatus laudat exercitus : þe cyþra iwitad herað here.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Whyghted or paynted with white leade, cerussatus.

1561 J. Dolman tr. Cicero 5 Questions iii. sig. O.v And so my breast lookes hoare, lyke fowle, y^e whited plumes aye beares.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. iv. 144 Those that had been Tribunes of the people, began in their whited robes [L. candidati] to take hold of men and run too and fro about the common place labouring for this dignitie.

1655 T. Harvey tr. G. B. Spagnoli Bucolicks v. 42 Now leaveless were the Trees, Cold Winter made the whited Mountains freeze [L. hyems in montibus albet].

1764 R. Dodsley in W. Shenstone Wks. II. 355 A whited village among trees.

1867 R. W. Emerson May-day & Other Pieces 9 The whited desert knew me not, Snow-ridges masked each darling spot.

1964 E. Dahlberg Alms for Oblivion 4 Stieglitz used to lie on an austere barracks cot in a whited alcove.

2010 R. S. Wheeler Snowbound xix. 169 In the immediate foreground was a rolling plateau, but beyond was a great range of whited peaks.

b. In similative and figurative contexts, with reference to a false appearance of purity, honesty, or rectitude. Chiefly in whited sepulchre at sepulchre n. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > hypocrisy > [adjective]

whiteda1225

hypocritec1380

papelarda1500

dissimuling?1518

dissembling1526

Pharisaical1527

hypocritish1531

masking1538

hypocritic1540

hypocritely1541

hypocritical1553

mimic1591

transom-eyed1601

tonguey1612

sanctimoniousa1616

Pharisaica1618

crocodilian1632

hypocrital1658

canting1663

double-minded1727

Tartufish1768

dissimulating1794

dissimulative1802

sawneying1808

sham-Abra(ha)m1828

Tartuffian1872

Pecksniffian1874

mawwormish1883

Chadbandian1908

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 15 We beoð wiðuten al swa ðe deade man[n]es þruh, þe is wiðuten ihwited, and wið-inne stinkende and full of wermes.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 228 (MED) Huo þet is yhol of bodie and uoul ine herte is ase þe berieles yhuited þet is uayr wyþ-oute and wyþ-inne uol of stench.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Deeds xxiii. 3 Thanne Poul seide to hym, Thou whitid wal, God smyte thee [L. percutiet te Deus paries dealbate].

1534 Bible (Tyndale rev. Joye) Matt. xxiii. 28 Whited tombes [Gk. τάϕοις κεκονιαμένοις] which appere beautyfull outwarde.

1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 39* But his owne house, and the whole neighbourhood Sees his foule inside through his whited skin.

1733 A. Pope Impertinent 11 He tells..What Lady's Face is not a whited Wall.

1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke I. iv. 67 This old whited sepulchre, society.

1942 Washington Post 28 Oct. b2 Neither your good nor your child's good would have been served by your continuing to inhabit that noisome whited-sepulcher of marriage.

2012 Birmingham Mail (Nexis) 7 Dec. 16 The whited sepulchres whose calamitous private lives give rise to mirth and gaiety when revealed.

2. Whitened by deprivation of colour; spec. bleached. Also: peeled so as to expose a white interior.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > [adjective] > bleached

blanched1401

yblaunchydc1430

whited1529

whitstered1767

bone-bleached1840

overbleached1921

1529 Dunmow Churchwardens' Accts. in Essex Rev. (1912) 21 150 xxv. ells of whytyd normundy at vid. the ell.

1692 London Gaz. No. 2814/2 A considerable quantity of Whited Linnen.

1710 W. Salmon Botanologia II. dcxxxiv. 1040/1 The Sallet of the Whited Stalks and Roots. They are cut or sliced and eaten with Salt, Vinegar and Oil.

1794 Trans. Soc. Arts 12 139 About a load and a half whited osiers.

1897 ‘P. Warung’ Tales Old Regime 205 John Donnell,..brown complexion,..whited raised spot on lower part of right eye.

1907 Black Cat Jan. 39 His mouth was as dry as the whited bones back yonder.

2008 E. Regis What is Life? i. 15 A route that took him past..dry desert sands, and, occasionally, the whited bones of dead animals.

†3. Of an egg: having white (albumen). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [adjective] > ovum > white or albumen

albuginous1577

whited1599

albugineous1615

albuminous1634

albuminose1821

1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 66 Whited alike, and yellow yolked all.

†4. Of metal: tinned or silvered. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > plated or coated metal > [adjective] > coated or plated with tin

tinnedc1384

whited1646

1646 I. S. Declar. Sundry Grievances concerning Tinne & Pewter (single sheet) The dearenesse of the said Commodity [sc. Pewter] inforced the poorer sort of People to buy whited Iron; a deceitfull out-Landish commodity.

1669 S. Sturmy Summary of Penalties & Forfeitures in Mariners Mag. 2 Iron Wyre, or whited Wyre, are forfeited if any such be Imported.

1749 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 362/1 The back part of a circular plate of whited brass, the other side of which is marked with a graduated circle.

1779 F. Hervey et al. Naval Hist. Great Brit. III. v. ii. 434 For working of tin-plates, (or whited iron-plates).

1881 Metal Worker 26 Mar. 10/1 England in turn imported the tinned, or as it was then called, the ‘whited’ iron plate, when in a finished condition.

5. Of a horse: having white markings on the hind legs.

ΚΠ

1740 H. Bracken Farriery Improv'd (ed. 2) II. i. 5 He is..called well Whited if his Hinder Feet be both White.

1760 R. Heber Horse Matches ix. 147 He is a compleat strong horse, well whited.

1870 Daily News 6 June Mr. Robson's His Majesty, in addition to being badly ‘whited’, had unpleasing action.

1894 H. Biddell et al. Heavy Horses (1905) ii. 47 The Shaddingfield stock were the produce of a trotting horse... They were very distinct in character, much whited in the leg, dark chesnuts.

1907 H. F. De Trafford et al. Horses Brit. Empire II. 197/1 They were high-spirited, light-hearted horses, dark in colour and much whited below.

Compounds

whited brown adj. now historical (esp. of paper) whitish brown; cf. whitey-brown adj. and n.Whited brown paper was made from washed and unbleached rags and was of intermediate quality between white and brown paper.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [adjective] > light brown

parchment1597

whited brown1650

whitey-brown1658

coffee-coloured1695

dust-coloured1800

ochre-brown1853

blonde1866

biscuit1875

weedy-brown1886

mousy1888

bisque1890

toast-coloured1898

suntan1923

sunblush1930

rachel1951

1650 Act for Redempt. of Captives 95 Thred..whited brown the doz. pound.

a1697 J. Aubrey Nat. Hist. Surrey (1718) IV. 16 In the Reign of King James I. course Paper, commonly call'd whited brown Paper, was first made in England.

1773 T. Everard Let. 2 Oct. in John Norton & Sons (1968) 355 2 Ream whited brown paper. 1 Ream Pro Patria.

1833 Penny Mag. Monthly Suppl. Sept. 380/2 [The rags]..are still very discoloured; but the inexperienced observer begins to have hopes that they may at least serve for whited-brown paper.

1971 William & Mary Q. 28 62 The plants were..put in a whited-brown quire, fastened between two boards, and shipped to England.

2005 Metrop. Mus. Jrnl. 40 108/2 ‘Whited-brown’ papers were produced from a random blend of mixed fibers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	whited
释义	whitedadj. Brit. /ˈwʌɪtᵻd/, U.S. /ˈ(h)waɪdᵻd/ Forms: Old English gehwit, late Old English iwitad, early Middle English ihwited, early Middle English yhuited, Middle English whitid, Middle English– whited, 1500s whitted, 1500s whyghted, 1500s whytyd, 1500s–1600s whyted. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: white v.¹, -ed suffix¹, white adj., -ed suffix². Etymology: Originally < white v.¹ + -ed suffix¹. In later use also partly < white adj. + -ed suffix², and partly < white n. + -ed suffix².In the Old English form gehwit with assimilatory loss of the ending. In sense 1b ultimately after Hellenistic Greek κεκονιαμένος (in τάϕος κεκονιαμένος (New Testament: Matthew 23:27): see whited sepulchre at sepulchre n. 1b). Compare Old English behwīt in this sense ( < be- prefix + white v.¹ + -ed suffix¹). 1. a. Covered or coated with white; whitewashed.Quot. OE derives ultimately from Isidore, Origines 19. 24. 6 and refers to whitening a toga by means of clay (cf. quot. 1600 and cretated adj.). As clay was widely used as a kind of bleach as well as a colouring agent, it is uncertain whether this sense or sense 2 was intended by the Old English glossator. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [adjective] > painted with whitewash whitedOE white-limed1440 whitewashed1744 Snowcemmed1969 the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > [adjective] > covered or coated with white whitedOE whitened1574 sugar-candied1592 candied1600 surpliced1845 besnowed1849 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [adjective] > covered with snow snowy1548 snowish1589 whited1655 snow-clad1812 snowed1854 snowed-in1982 OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 91 Toga candida uel cretata, gehwit rægel. lOE Canterbury Psalter: Canticles viii. 9 Te martyrum candidatus laudat exercitus : þe cyþra iwitad herað here. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Whyghted or paynted with white leade, cerussatus. 1561 J. Dolman tr. Cicero 5 Questions iii. sig. O.v And so my breast lookes hoare, lyke fowle, y^e whited plumes aye beares. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. iv. 144 Those that had been Tribunes of the people, began in their whited robes [L. candidati] to take hold of men and run too and fro about the common place labouring for this dignitie. 1655 T. Harvey tr. G. B. Spagnoli Bucolicks v. 42 Now leaveless were the Trees, Cold Winter made the whited Mountains freeze [L. hyems in montibus albet]. 1764 R. Dodsley in W. Shenstone Wks. II. 355 A whited village among trees. 1867 R. W. Emerson May-day & Other Pieces 9 The whited desert knew me not, Snow-ridges masked each darling spot. 1964 E. Dahlberg Alms for Oblivion 4 Stieglitz used to lie on an austere barracks cot in a whited alcove. 2010 R. S. Wheeler Snowbound xix. 169 In the immediate foreground was a rolling plateau, but beyond was a great range of whited peaks. b. In similative and figurative contexts, with reference to a false appearance of purity, honesty, or rectitude. Chiefly in whited sepulchre at sepulchre n. 1b. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > hypocrisy > [adjective] whiteda1225 hypocritec1380 papelarda1500 dissimuling?1518 dissembling1526 Pharisaical1527 hypocritish1531 masking1538 hypocritic1540 hypocritely1541 hypocritical1553 mimic1591 transom-eyed1601 tonguey1612 sanctimoniousa1616 Pharisaica1618 crocodilian1632 hypocrital1658 canting1663 double-minded1727 Tartufish1768 dissimulating1794 dissimulative1802 sawneying1808 sham-Abra(ha)m1828 Tartuffian1872 Pecksniffian1874 mawwormish1883 Chadbandian1908 a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 15 We beoð wiðuten al swa ðe deade man[n]es þruh, þe is wiðuten ihwited, and wið-inne stinkende and full of wermes. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 228 (MED) Huo þet is yhol of bodie and uoul ine herte is ase þe berieles yhuited þet is uayr wyþ-oute and wyþ-inne uol of stench. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Deeds xxiii. 3 Thanne Poul seide to hym, Thou whitid wal, God smyte thee [L. percutiet te Deus paries dealbate]. 1534 Bible (Tyndale rev. Joye) Matt. xxiii. 28 Whited tombes [Gk. τάϕοις κεκονιαμένοις] which appere beautyfull outwarde. 1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 39* But his owne house, and the whole neighbourhood Sees his foule inside through his whited skin. 1733 A. Pope Impertinent 11 He tells..What Lady's Face is not a whited Wall. 1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke I. iv. 67 This old whited sepulchre, society. 1942 Washington Post 28 Oct. b2 Neither your good nor your child's good would have been served by your continuing to inhabit that noisome whited-sepulcher of marriage. 2012 Birmingham Mail (Nexis) 7 Dec. 16 The whited sepulchres whose calamitous private lives give rise to mirth and gaiety when revealed. 2. Whitened by deprivation of colour; spec. bleached. Also: peeled so as to expose a white interior. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > [adjective] > bleached blanched1401 yblaunchydc1430 whited1529 whitstered1767 bone-bleached1840 overbleached1921 1529 Dunmow Churchwardens' Accts. in Essex Rev. (1912) 21 150 xxv. ells of whytyd normundy at vid. the ell. 1692 London Gaz. No. 2814/2 A considerable quantity of Whited Linnen. 1710 W. Salmon Botanologia II. dcxxxiv. 1040/1 The Sallet of the Whited Stalks and Roots. They are cut or sliced and eaten with Salt, Vinegar and Oil. 1794 Trans. Soc. Arts 12 139 About a load and a half whited osiers. 1897 ‘P. Warung’ Tales Old Regime 205 John Donnell,..brown complexion,..whited raised spot on lower part of right eye. 1907 Black Cat Jan. 39 His mouth was as dry as the whited bones back yonder. 2008 E. Regis What is Life? i. 15 A route that took him past..dry desert sands, and, occasionally, the whited bones of dead animals. †3. Of an egg: having white (albumen). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [adjective] > ovum > white or albumen albuginous1577 whited1599 albugineous1615 albuminous1634 albuminose1821 1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 66 Whited alike, and yellow yolked all. †4. Of metal: tinned or silvered. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > plated or coated metal > [adjective] > coated or plated with tin tinnedc1384 whited1646 1646 I. S. Declar. Sundry Grievances concerning Tinne & Pewter (single sheet) The dearenesse of the said Commodity [sc. Pewter] inforced the poorer sort of People to buy whited Iron; a deceitfull out-Landish commodity. 1669 S. Sturmy Summary of Penalties & Forfeitures in Mariners Mag. 2 Iron Wyre, or whited Wyre, are forfeited if any such be Imported. 1749 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 362/1 The back part of a circular plate of whited brass, the other side of which is marked with a graduated circle. 1779 F. Hervey et al. Naval Hist. Great Brit. III. v. ii. 434 For working of tin-plates, (or whited iron-plates). 1881 Metal Worker 26 Mar. 10/1 England in turn imported the tinned, or as it was then called, the ‘whited’ iron plate, when in a finished condition. 5. Of a horse: having white markings on the hind legs. ΚΠ 1740 H. Bracken Farriery Improv'd (ed. 2) II. i. 5 He is..called well Whited if his Hinder Feet be both White. 1760 R. Heber Horse Matches ix. 147 He is a compleat strong horse, well whited. 1870 Daily News 6 June Mr. Robson's His Majesty, in addition to being badly ‘whited’, had unpleasing action. 1894 H. Biddell et al. Heavy Horses (1905) ii. 47 The Shaddingfield stock were the produce of a trotting horse... They were very distinct in character, much whited in the leg, dark chesnuts. 1907 H. F. De Trafford et al. Horses Brit. Empire II. 197/1 They were high-spirited, light-hearted horses, dark in colour and much whited below. Compounds whited brown adj. now historical (esp. of paper) whitish brown; cf. whitey-brown adj. and n.Whited brown paper was made from washed and unbleached rags and was of intermediate quality between white and brown paper. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [adjective] > light brown parchment1597 whited brown1650 whitey-brown1658 coffee-coloured1695 dust-coloured1800 ochre-brown1853 blonde1866 biscuit1875 weedy-brown1886 mousy1888 bisque1890 toast-coloured1898 suntan1923 sunblush1930 rachel1951 1650 Act for Redempt. of Captives 95 Thred..whited brown the doz. pound. a1697 J. Aubrey Nat. Hist. Surrey (1718) IV. 16 In the Reign of King James I. course Paper, commonly call'd whited brown Paper, was first made in England. 1773 T. Everard Let. 2 Oct. in John Norton & Sons (1968) 355 2 Ream whited brown paper. 1 Ream Pro Patria. 1833 Penny Mag. Monthly Suppl. Sept. 380/2 [The rags]..are still very discoloured; but the inexperienced observer begins to have hopes that they may at least serve for whited-brown paper. 1971 William & Mary Q. 28 62 The plants were..put in a whited-brown quire, fastened between two boards, and shipped to England. 2005 Metrop. Mus. Jrnl. 40 108/2 ‘Whited-brown’ papers were produced from a random blend of mixed fibers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.OE
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